Fault processing method of energy storage power supply, energy storage power supply and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault processing method of an energy storage power supply, the energy storage power supply and a medium, the energy storage power supply comprises a mainboard and a battery management system, and the method comprises the steps of obtaining a diagnosis signal of the battery management system and communication information of the mainboard and the battery management system when it is detected that a charging gun is connected; performing fault grading based on the diagnosis signal and the communication information to obtain a current fault level; and under the condition that the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, switching the power supply path of the mainboard to the power supply path of the charging gun, and closing the battery management system. Under the condition that the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, when a circuit between a battery cell and a mainboard is cut off and over-discharge of a battery is avoided, power is supplied to the mainboard through a power supply path of a charging gun, mainboard functions (such as fault recording) are maintained, misoperation (such as forced conduction of the battery cell for power supply) of a BMS in a fault state is avoided, and safety risk aggravation is avoided. And various charging source types can be compatible, and the system adaptability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of fault handling technology for energy storage power supplies, and particularly relates to a fault handling method for energy storage power supplies, an energy storage power supply, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Portable energy storage devices may face various irreversible charging failures during the charging phase. In related technologies, the common solutions are to control and execute a shutdown process (cutting off the main power supply circuit inside the device to stop the charging process) or disconnect the switch on the charging circuit (such as a relay) to prevent further damage to the battery cells caused by continuous charging in a faulty state.

[0003] However, shutdown procedures and switch disconnections prevent energy storage devices from maintaining low-power modes to retain critical data in the event of a fault, significantly increasing the time cost and operational difficulty of fault diagnosis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply, the energy storage power supply including a motherboard and a battery management system, the method comprising: When a charging gun is detected to be connected, the diagnostic signal of the battery management system and the communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system are acquired. Based on the diagnostic signals and the communication information, the fault is classified to obtain the current fault level; If the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, switch the power supply path of the motherboard to the power supply path of the charging gun and shut down the battery management system.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage power supply, including a battery, a motherboard, and a battery management system. The motherboard includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the fault handling method of the aforementioned energy storage power supply.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned fault handling method for the energy storage power supply.

[0008] The fault handling method, energy storage power supply, and computer-readable storage medium provided in this application embodiment acquire diagnostic signals from the battery management system and communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system when a charging gun is detected. Based on the diagnostic signals and communication information, fault classification is performed to obtain the current fault level, which greatly improves the accuracy of fault level judgment and avoids misjudgment. In the case of an unrecoverable fault, the power supply path of the motherboard is switched to the power supply path of the charging gun, and the battery management system is shut down. While cutting off the circuit between the battery cell and the motherboard and avoiding over-discharge of the battery, the motherboard is powered through the charging gun power supply path to maintain motherboard functions (such as recording faults), and to avoid BMS misoperation in the fault state (such as forcibly conducting battery cell power supply), which would aggravate safety risks. It can also be compatible with multiple charging source types, and the system has strong adaptability.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the fault handling method for energy storage power supply provided in certain embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply provided in certain embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply provided in certain embodiments of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fault handling device for an energy storage power supply provided in certain embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0012] Before detailing the implementation methods of this application, related technologies will be further introduced.

[0013] Portable energy storage devices are widely used in outdoor operations, emergency backup power, camping and leisure scenarios. If a fault occurs during the charging process of a portable energy storage device, it may not only damage the device, but also cause safety risks such as overheating of the battery cells and leakage. Therefore, accurate handling and safety control of charging faults are crucial for portable energy storage devices.

[0014] In related technologies, portable energy storage devices may face a variety of unrecoverable charging failures during the charging phase, such as short circuits in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOS transistors), abnormal cell voltage, broken wires in the thermistors (Negative Temperature Coefficient, NTC), and communication loss of the acquisition chip (a chip used to collect parameters such as cell voltage and current in real time).

[0015] For example, in an energy storage device with a protection system, when fault signals such as MOSFET short circuits or abnormal cell voltage are detected by components such as acquisition chips and NTC, the system controls the shutdown process (cutting off the main power supply circuit inside the device to stop the charging process) or disconnects the switches (such as relays) on the charging circuit to prevent further damage to the cell from continuous charging under fault conditions. Although this technical solution can quickly interrupt the charging process, curb the expansion of the fault, and reduce immediate safety risks, with the increasing complexity of portable energy storage device applications and the increasing user requirements for device safety and maintainability, this solution may no longer meet safety requirements. First, shutdown or disconnecting relays can only cut off the main power supply circuit, but there may be auxiliary power supply paths inside the energy storage device, causing the cell energy to continuously discharge to some components of the main control system. This not only fails to completely eliminate energy loss under fault conditions, but may also cause damage to main control system components or the risk of cell over-discharge due to residual energy, making it difficult to achieve the effect of completely isolating the cell energy from the main control system. Second, low-power maintenance and remote diagnostics cannot be achieved after a fault. In this solution, the energy storage device enters a shutdown or power-off state, unable to maintain a low-power mode to retain critical data at the time of the fault, and also unable to transmit fault information to users or maintenance platforms via remote communication modules. This forces maintenance personnel to connect to the device on-site to troubleshoot the cause of the fault, significantly increasing the time cost and operational difficulty of fault diagnosis. Furthermore, this solution lacks a mechanism to prevent false wake-ups that lead to secondary power consumption. After disconnecting the relay or shutting down, if the energy storage device is affected by external electromagnetic interference, misoperation, or other factors, it may experience false wake-ups, causing the main control system to restart and consume the remaining battery cell power, further reducing the remaining battery cell power. Frequent wake-ups may also damage the charge-discharge cycle life of the battery cells, affecting the lifespan of the energy storage device. Finally, it is difficult to safely restore normal operation after repair. The above solution only focuses on interruption protection after a fault occurs, without designing a safety verification step for the recovery process after repair. If maintenance personnel directly restart the device or close the relay after repairing the fault, the device may trigger a fault again or create new safety hazards due to a lack of confirmation of the battery cell status and circuit safety. It cannot be guaranteed that the repaired device can safely and stably restore normal charging and usage functions.

[0016] In view of this, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an application scenario diagram of a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply provided in an embodiment of this application. The application scenario provided in this application includes an energy storage power supply 100 and an electronic device 200.

[0017] Here, the energy storage power supply 200 refers to a device capable of storing power. It is generally equipped with a rechargeable battery. By storing a large amount of power in the battery within the energy storage power supply, the energy storage power supply can output the stored electrical energy when needed.

[0018] There are many types of energy storage power supplies, which can be classified according to application scenarios: (1) Portable energy storage: It is generally a small energy storage power supply, using lithium-ion batteries, etc. It is easy to carry and used for outdoor camping, emergency charging and other scenarios. It can power mobile phones, computers, lighting equipment, etc.

[0019] (2) Home energy storage: Used in homes to store solar power or electricity generated during off-peak hours of the power grid for use by home electrical equipment, achieving the purpose of peak shaving and valley filling, saving electricity costs, etc.

[0020] (3) Industrial and commercial energy storage: Used in factories, data centers, shopping malls and other places, it can be used for load regulation, demand-side management, power quality improvement, etc., to help users reduce electricity costs and improve power supply reliability.

[0021] (4) Grid energy storage: It is widely used in power systems to regulate the peak-valley difference of the power grid, smooth the fluctuations of renewable energy generation, and improve the stability and reliability of the power grid. Common types include large lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations, flow battery energy storage power stations, and pumped storage power stations.

[0022] In order to adapt to the increasingly diverse power consumption scenarios, portable energy storage power supplies have emerged. Portable energy storage power supplies, also known as portable lithium-ion battery energy storage power supplies or outdoor power supplies, usually refer to backup or emergency power supplies weighing no more than 18 kg. They use lithium-ion batteries as energy storage components and have AC or DC input charging interfaces as well as AC or DC output interfaces.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the energy storage power supply 100 includes a battery 101, a motherboard 102, a battery management system 103, an inverter 104, and a real-time clock module 105.

[0024] Among them, the battery is the energy core of the energy storage power supply and is the component that stores the power.

[0025] The motherboard is the core of the energy storage power supply's fault handling. The system's wake-up, shutdown, charging judgment, and power consumption management are all controlled by the motherboard.

[0026] Among them, the Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic system used to monitor, protect, optimize and manage batteries (such as lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.). Its core function is to ensure that the battery works efficiently within a safe range, extend its service life, and provide stable power output to the equipment.

[0027] For example, a battery management system can control the charging and discharging switches to achieve charging and discharging control; and it can achieve battery balancing by detecting the electrical parameters of each cell in the battery.

[0028] An inverter is a power electronic device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).

[0029] In one alternative embodiment, the inverter includes a temperature sensor with independent ambient temperature acquisition and low-power operation capabilities.

[0030] Among them, the Real-Time Clock Module (RTC module) is an electronic module specifically designed to accurately record and maintain time information. It can continue to operate when the device is powered off or in a low-power state, providing a stable and accurate time reference for various electronic systems.

[0031] In one alternative embodiment, the real-time clock module can be triggered periodically to wake up the energy storage power supply on demand.

[0032] In some alternative implementations, the energy storage power supply 100 can communicate with the electronic device 200 to cooperate with the electronic device 200 in implementing the energy storage power supply fault handling method of this application.

[0033] Optionally, the electronic device 200 includes at least one of a terminal and a server.

[0034] The terminal may include, but is not limited to: smartphones (such as Android phones, iOS phones, etc.), tablet computers, laptops, desktop computers, smart speakers, smartwatches, portable personal computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), smart voice interaction devices, smart home appliances, vehicle terminals, aircraft, wearable devices, etc., but this application embodiment does not limit the scope of the terminal.

[0035] The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. This application does not limit this.

[0036] The fault handling method of the energy storage power supply in this application can be implemented by the energy storage power supply alone, or by the energy storage power supply in conjunction with electronic equipment, and there is no limitation on this.

[0037] Based on the above description of the relevant scenarios, this application provides a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply will be described in detail below: Please see Figure 2 This application provides a fault handling method for an energy storage power supply, which includes a motherboard and a battery management system. The method is implemented by steps 011 to 013, which are described in detail below.

[0038] Step 011: When the charging gun is detected to be connected, obtain the diagnostic signals of the battery management system and the communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system.

[0039] The charging gun can be used to connect the energy storage power source to external power supply devices (such as charging piles, grid interfaces, photovoltaic modules, etc.) to stably deliver power from the external power source to the energy storage power source to charge the battery pack of the device; the charging gun can also provide auxiliary power and transmit diagnostic data (for example, fault logs can be read through the charging gun during maintenance).

[0040] In one optional embodiment, the energy storage power supply further includes a charging interface. The motherboard is connected to the charging interface. When an external power source is connected, the voltage of the charging interface changes. The motherboard determines whether an external power source is connected by detecting the voltage of the charging interface.

[0041] In one optional embodiment, the energy storage power supply further includes a charging interface and an auxiliary power module (Vaux). An external charging gun can be connected to the charging interface. The auxiliary power module can detect the input voltage (Vin) and input current (Vin) of the charging interface and determine whether the charging gun is inserted based on the input voltage (Vin) and input current (Vin). For example, when the input voltage (Vin) and input current (Vin) meet a preset threshold condition, it is considered that the charging gun is connected.

[0042] Among them, the diagnostic signal can be the status information of the energy storage power source collected in real time by the battery management system (BMS), and the communication information can be the information after the motherboard establishes communication with the BMS through a CAN bus, UART bus, etc.

[0043] Optionally, diagnostic signals include functional safety status bit signal (FSF), MOSFET conduction and leakage detection signal (MOS_ERR), temperature sampling channel detection signal (NTC_OPEN / NTC_SHORT), single cell voltage and differential voltage detection signal (CELL_ERR), and acquisition chip communication handshake status signal (ADC_COM_OK); communication information includes whether communication between the motherboard and the battery management system is interrupted.

[0044] Among them, the functional safety status signal (FSF) can be a status signal that indicates whether the BMS's own monitoring safety functions (such as overcharge protection function, short circuit function, etc.) are working properly.

[0045] Among them, the MOSFET turn-on and leakage detection signal (MOS_ERR) can be a signal that characterizes the working state of the MOSFET in the power supply circuit of the energy storage power supply (such as whether it is normally turned on, short circuit, open circuit, etc.).

[0046] Among them, the temperature sampling channel detection signal (NTC_OPEN / NTC_SHORT) can be a signal that characterizes whether the temperature sensor (NTC) is disconnected (OPEN) or short-circuited (SHORT).

[0047] The energy storage power supply battery may be composed of multiple individual cells connected in series and / or in parallel. The individual cell voltage and voltage difference detection signal (CELL_ERR) can be a signal that characterizes whether the voltage of the individual cell of the energy storage power supply is normal and whether the voltage difference between the cells is normal.

[0048] Specifically, to avoid misjudgments when relying on a single data source to determine whether a charging fault has occurred in the energy storage power supply, a method can be used to determine whether a charging fault has occurred, provided the charging gun is connected to the energy storage power supply. This method involves acquiring diagnostic signals from the BMS and communication information between the mainboard and the BMS. Diagnostic signals and communication information provide reliable and comprehensive data sources for determining charging faults in the energy storage power supply. Diagnostic signals represent the monitoring results of the energy storage power supply by the BMS, while communication information ensures that the monitoring results are accurately transmitted to the mainboard. Acquiring both diagnostic signals and communication information avoids misjudgments or omissions due to missing or incorrect information, thereby improving the reliability of subsequent judgments and processing.

[0049] Step 012: Based on diagnostic signals and communication information, perform fault classification to obtain the current fault level.

[0050] Among them, fault classification can be based on the fault status of the energy storage power supply reflected by diagnostic signals and the link status of BMS and motherboard reflected by communication information. Different levels are divided according to the degree of impact of the fault reflected by diagnostic signals and communication information on the energy storage power supply. For example, fault levels can include recoverable faults and unrecoverable faults, and the impact of the two levels on the energy storage power supply is different.

[0051] Specifically, by summarizing the current fault information included in diagnostic signals and communication information, and then by establishing a mapping relationship between diagnostic signals and communication information and fault levels, the current fault level can be determined based on the current fault information and the mapping relationship, thereby improving the tolerance for misjudgment and the speed of safe response.

[0052] Step 013: If the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, switch the motherboard's power supply path to the charging gun's power supply path and disable the battery management system.

[0053] Among them, unrecoverable faults can have a significant impact on the safety of energy storage power supplies. If the power supply to the cells of the energy storage power supply is not cut off in time, it may lead to faults with risks such as over-discharge of batteries and fire.

[0054] As shown in the diagram, the motherboard's power source can include power supplied by the battery cells through a power supply circuit and power supplied by the charging gun. For example, after the charging gun is connected, in addition to providing power to the battery, it can also establish an auxiliary power supply path between itself and the motherboard. The auxiliary power supply path does not rely on the power of the battery or the battery cells, but relies on the charging gun itself or an external power grid to supply power to the motherboard through the charging gun, ensuring that power can be supplied to the motherboard in the event of an unrecoverable failure.

[0055] Specifically, in the case of an unrecoverable fault, continuing to allow the battery cell to power the motherboard could lead to risks such as over-discharge of the battery cell, short circuits within the battery cell, and fire. Therefore, the power supply path of the motherboard can be switched to the charging gun power supply path. While disconnecting the circuit between the battery cell and the motherboard, the motherboard is powered through the charging gun power supply path to maintain its functions (such as recording faults). The motherboard can send a control command to the BMS to shut down the BMS (e.g., a power-off command) via the CAN bus or UART bus, so that the BMS stops monitoring the energy storage power supply (e.g., monitoring the battery cell voltage and MOSFET status) and stops control actions (e.g., stopping the control switch), thus preventing the BMS from malfunctioning in the fault state (e.g., forcibly turning on the battery cell power supply) and exacerbating safety risks.

[0056] As mentioned above, in related technologies, the power is shut down or the relay is disconnected when an abnormality is detected in the energy storage power supply. However, this application verifies multiple signals through diagnostic signals and communication information and classifies the fault. When the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, the power supply path of the motherboard is switched and the battery management system is shut down, so as to provide protection for the energy storage power supply and maintain the operation of the necessary functions of the motherboard.

[0057] In this way, by detecting the connection of the charging gun, the system acquires diagnostic signals from the battery management system and communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system. Based on the diagnostic signals and communication information, the system performs fault classification to obtain the current fault level, which greatly improves the accuracy of fault level judgment and avoids misjudgment. In the case of an unrecoverable fault, the power supply path of the motherboard is switched to the power supply path of the charging gun, and the battery management system is shut down. While cutting off the circuit between the battery cell and the motherboard and preventing the battery from being over-discharged, the motherboard is powered through the power supply path of the charging gun to maintain the motherboard's functions (such as recording faults). This also prevents the BMS from malfunctioning in a fault state (such as forcibly turning on the battery cell power supply), which would exacerbate safety risks. The system is also compatible with multiple charging source types and has strong adaptability.

[0058] In some implementations, step 012: based on diagnostic signals and communication information, fault classification is performed to obtain the current fault level, including: Step 0121: If the battery is determined to be overheated based on the temperature sampling channel detection signal or if the communication is determined to be interrupted based on the communication information, determine the current fault level as a recoverable fault; Step 0122: If the MOSFET is determined to be faulty based on the MOSFET conduction and leakage detection signals, communication interruption is determined based on the communication handshake status signal of the acquisition chip, short circuit inside the cell is determined based on the individual cell voltage and differential voltage detection signals, or functional safety is determined based on the functional safety status bit signal, the current fault level is determined to be an unrecoverable fault.

[0059] Among them, recoverable faults can be those whose root cause is a temporary abnormality in auxiliary components or environmental factors, which do not require disassembly and repair and can be resolved through automatic system adjustment, environmental restoration, or simple operation. For example, it could be a fault such as temporary battery overheating (which recovers after the environment cools down).

[0060] Specifically, in cases where battery overheating is determined based on temperature sampling channel detection signals (e.g., if the temperature sampling channel detection signal indicates that the current battery temperature is greater than a preset overheating threshold, the battery can be considered to be overheating) or communication interruption is determined based on communication information, since battery overheating is usually caused by excessively high ambient temperature or excessive charging current, and the battery itself is not damaged, it can be restored to normal simply by pausing charging and waiting for the environment to cool down, without any permanent safety hazards. Communication interruption between the motherboard and BMS may be caused by external interference (such as electromagnetic radiation from surrounding electrical appliances) or temporary loosening of the bus connector. The hardware of the motherboard and BMS is usually not damaged, and communication can be restored by resending the communication handshake signal, without affecting the core functions of the device. Therefore, in this case, the current fault level can be considered a recoverable fault, and its risk is controllable and recoverable. In scenarios where MOSFET malfunction is determined based on MOSFET conduction and leakage detection signals, communication interruption is determined based on the communication handshake status signal of the acquisition chip, internal short circuit in the battery cell is determined based on the individual cell voltage and differential voltage detection signals, or functional safety triggering is determined based on the functional safety status bit signal, the following situations arise: If the power supply to the battery cell is not cut off in the event of MOSFET malfunction, the cell will continue to discharge, the current will surge, and it may even catch fire, posing a charging risk. Furthermore, the acquisition chip collects battery cell voltage and temperature data; when the acquisition chip's communication is interrupted, the BMS cannot monitor the battery status, which also poses a safety hazard. In the case of an internal short circuit in the battery cell, the cell may overheat, bulge, or even explode, requiring cell replacement. An FSF signal trigger indicates that the BMS has detected a charging hazard approaching its safety limit, which may lead to an escalation of the safety accident, requiring repair and investigation of the root cause. Therefore, in the above scenarios, the current fault level needs to be determined as an unrecoverable fault to reduce safety risks.

[0061] In other words, if the communication signal indicates an interruption of the communication link, or does not involve hardware damage (battery overheating), it is a recoverable fault; if the signal indicates a fault that affects core components (such as MOSFETs, battery cells, and acquisition chips), it is determined to be an unrecoverable fault. By clearly distinguishing each fault type for fault classification and providing corresponding handling for different levels of faults, processing efficiency is improved. Fault classification covers multiple scenarios and is compatible with different charging environments (low temperature, low current) and different fault types, enabling energy storage devices to achieve accurate classification in various scenarios such as outdoor and indoor environments, thereby improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0062] In some implementations, step 013: In the case of an unrecoverable fault, switching the motherboard's power supply path to the charging gun's power supply path and disabling the battery management system includes: Step 0131: Control the battery management system to turn off the cell power supply switch and switch the motherboard power supply path to the charging gun power supply path; Step 0132: Send a shutdown command to the battery management system and determine whether a shutdown status signal indicating that the shutdown command has been executed has been received from the battery management system; Step 0133: If a shutdown signal is received, power is cut off to other circuits on the motherboard except for the target circuit. The target circuit includes a timing unit and a fault information storage unit. Step 0134: Write the "disable wake-up" information to the anti-false wake-up register. When the motherboard receives the power-on command and there is no "disable wake-up" information in the anti-false wake-up register, it will wake up the battery management system.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 3 The battery cell power supply switch can be used to control the opening and closing of the path between the battery cell and the motherboard, which is the MOSFET Q1. When the battery cell power supply switch Q1 is closed, the battery cell supplies power to the motherboard. When the battery cell power supply switch Q1 is open, the battery cell is physically isolated from the motherboard.

[0064] The charging gun power supply path can be a backup power supply link that connects to the charging gun and outputs stable low-voltage power (e.g., 5 volts, 3.3V, etc.) through a DC-DC conversion circuit. In the event of an unrecoverable fault, the charging gun power supply path can supply power to the motherboard, without relying on the battery cell power, ensuring that the energy storage power supply does not completely lose power after a fault.

[0065] The shutdown status signal (BMS_SHUT_OK) can be a confirmation signal sent back to the motherboard by the BMS after receiving the shutdown command from the motherboard and completing operations such as stopping monitoring of cell voltage and MOS status, shutting down its own non-essential circuits, and confirming that the cell power supply switch has been turned off. When the motherboard receives the shutdown status signal, it can consider that the BMS has been shut down.

[0066] The target circuit section includes a timing unit (RTC module, which can record the timestamp of the fault occurrence) and a fault information storage unit (EEPROM, which stores fault timestamps, fault types, battery pack serial numbers, fault codes, and other fault logs). The power consumption of the target circuit section is usually in the microampere range, and it carries fault tracing data.

[0067] Among them, the anti-wake-up register can be a hardware register used to lock the BMS wake-up permission. It can block wake-up signals (such as the INT signal generated by plugging and unplugging the charging gun) by writing wake-up prohibition information. The motherboard will only wake up the BMS when it receives a specific safe wake-up sequence sent by an external tool and there is no wake-up prohibition information in the register, thus preventing accidental operation from causing the BMS to restart.

[0068] Among them, the power-on command can be a command used to control the power-on of the energy storage power supply.

[0069] Specifically, in cases where the current fault level is unrecoverable, the battery management system (BMS) is controlled to shut down the cell power supply switch to cut off the power output from the cell to the main board and switch the main board's power supply path to the charging gun power supply path, preventing the main board from losing fault data due to power failure. If a shutdown command is only issued to the BMS without confirmation of the status, the BMS may not shut down due to a fault (such as failure to receive the command or its own circuit malfunction). The BMS may then mistakenly determine that the fault has been resolved and re-enable the cell power supply switch, allowing the cell to re-enter the fault circuit, thus increasing the risk. Therefore, after issuing a shutdown command to the battery management system and confirming receipt of a shutdown status signal from the battery management system indicating that the shutdown command has been executed, the power is cut off to other circuits on the main board except for the target circuit. This ensures that external auxiliary power is not wasted while also ensuring that fault data can be obtained during maintenance, enabling fault traceability. In related technologies, after a failure of the energy storage power supply, plugging or unplugging the charging gun may trigger a power-on command, mistakenly waking up the BMS. This causes the BMS to attempt to reconnect the battery cell power supply switch. Since the battery cell is still in a faulty state (such as an internal short circuit), it can cause secondary faults such as a sudden increase in current and component burnout. By setting an anti-false wake-up register and writing a prohibition message to the anti-false wake-up register, the motherboard can wake up the battery management system only when it receives a power-on command and there is no prohibition message in the anti-false wake-up register. This blocks the risk of erroneous operation, further improves reliability, and enables the system to achieve true zero-power safe standby without the participation of battery cell energy.

[0070] In some implementations, an external device can access and obtain fault information stored in the motherboard's fault information storage unit by sending an authentication signal authorizing the motherboard to the motherboard.

[0071] Optionally, if the charging gun determines that the energy storage power supply has an unrecoverable fault based on the fault information, it sends a prohibition wake-up command to the motherboard to prohibit the wake-up of the battery management system. If the motherboard receives the power-on command, there is no prohibition wake-up information in the anti-false wake-up register, and no prohibition wake-up command is received, it wakes up the battery management system.

[0072] Among them, external devices can be used to read fault information or perform maintenance operations.

[0073] The authentication signal authorized by the motherboard can be a signal such as a unique and tamper-proof digital sequence, electrical signal sequence, or check code.

[0074] The fault information storage unit can be a non-volatile memory (such as EEPROM) on the motherboard used to store fault data.

[0075] Among them, the wake-up prohibition command can be an additional command sent by the charging gun to the motherboard to lock the BMS wake-up permission after confirming that the energy storage power supply has an unrecoverable fault. This, together with the wake-up prohibition information, forms a double protection to avoid the failure of a single locking mechanism.

[0076] Specifically, external devices can access and obtain fault information stored in the motherboard's fault information storage unit by sending an authentication signal authorized by the motherboard. That is, external devices can read fault reports through the authentication signal sequence. If the charging gun determines that the energy storage power supply has an unrecoverable fault based on the fault information, it sends a prohibition wake-up command to the motherboard to prohibit waking up the battery management system. If the motherboard receives a power-on command, there is no prohibition wake-up information in the anti-false wake-up register, and no prohibition wake-up command is received, it wakes up the battery management system. The charging gun can review the unrecoverable fault. If the charging gun determines that the fault is unrecoverable, it issues a prohibition wake-up command, forming a double protection with the prohibition wake-up information in the anti-false wake-up register. Even if the anti-false wake-up register fails, the motherboard can still refuse to wake up the BMS by not receiving the prohibition wake-up command. That is, the motherboard sets three conditions for waking up the BMS: receiving a power-on command (power-on condition), no prohibition wake-up information in the anti-false wake-up register (register condition), and not receiving the prohibition wake-up command issued by the charging gun (command condition). This greatly reduces the risk of false wake-up and realizes the characteristic of being able to diagnose even when the power is off, significantly improving after-sales maintenance and remote safety monitoring capabilities.

[0077] In some embodiments, the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply further includes: Step 014: When the motherboard receives a motherboard-authorized security wake-up signal from an external device, it clears the motherboard's fault information storage unit and wakes up the battery management system.

[0078] Optionally, the fault handling method for energy storage power sources also includes: Step 015: Before waking up the battery management system, the battery management system is verified based on preset filtering rules to obtain the verification results. The verification results include whether the battery of the energy storage power supply and the battery management system have passed the verification. Step 016: If the battery and battery management system verification is successful, then continue to wake up the battery management system.

[0079] The secure wake-up signal can be a high-security wake-up command sequence sent by an external device that conforms to the motherboard's preset format.

[0080] The preset filtering rules can be used to determine whether the repaired battery and BMS meet safety requirements. For example, these could include authentication rules to verify if the BMS serial number matches the energy storage power supply's body code; data integrity verification rules to verify if the hardware parameters fed back by the BMS (such as maximum charging current and number of cells) are consistent with the motherboard's preset values; and battery matching verification rules to verify if the battery pack's capacity, voltage level, and cell type match the BMS. In other words, when the energy storage power supply has been repaired or its BMS replaced, a specific safety wake-up signal (e.g., two consecutive high-level INT signals, each lasting more than 2 seconds) is sent via an external tool to activate the motherboard. The system restarts the BMS and enters normal charging logic. During the wake-up process, the system also verifies the BMS serial number and CRC to ensure that the replaced battery pack is legitimate and compatible.

[0081] Specifically, upon receiving a secure wake-up signal authorized by an external device, the motherboard clears its fault information storage unit and wakes up the battery management system (BMS). This ensures that after the BMS starts up, the motherboard can determine whether it is functioning correctly based on the new state, without interference from old data, thus ensuring log timeliness. Before waking up the BMS, it is verified based on preset filtering rules to obtain verification results. These results include whether the energy storage power supply's battery and the BMS have passed verification. Only after successful verification is the BMS woken up, ensuring that the BMS can work collaboratively with the motherboard and battery without control logic conflicts. The preset filtering rules can verify both the BMS and battery, significantly improving operational compatibility and safety.

[0082] In some embodiments, the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply further includes: Step 017: Determine the activation voltage threshold based on ambient temperature and battery voltage of the energy storage power source; Step 018: If the charging voltage is greater than the activation voltage threshold when the charging gun is connected, the motherboard will be woken up.

[0083] The activation voltage threshold (Vth) can be a dynamic voltage standard for the energy storage power supply to determine that the charging gun has sufficient power supply capacity to start the motherboard for wake-up. The activation voltage threshold (Vth) can be adjusted in real time according to the ambient temperature (Tenv) and the remaining battery voltage (Vbat). For example, Vth=f(Tenv,Vbat), which can improve the reliability and safety of wake-up.

[0084] Here, the ambient temperature (Tenv) can be the current external ambient temperature of the energy storage power supply, or it can be collected by the temperature sensor of the energy storage power supply. Since low temperatures can lead to reduced battery activity (voltage drop) and weakened power supply capacity of the charging gun, while high temperatures may cause a decrease in the stability of the charging gun components, it is necessary to appropriately increase the activation voltage threshold to avoid overload. Therefore, the activation voltage threshold (Vth) can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature.

[0085] Among them, the battery voltage (Vbat) of the energy storage power supply can be the current remaining voltage of the energy storage power supply battery pack. It can be collected by the BMS in real time and fed back to the motherboard to reflect the remaining energy status of the battery. For example, when the battery is low, the battery itself cannot provide auxiliary power and the charging gun needs to provide a lower activation threshold to wake up the motherboard. When the battery is high, the battery can assist in starting up and Vth can be appropriately increased to avoid instability caused by low power supply from the charging gun.

[0086] Among them, the charging voltage (Vin) can be the actual input voltage provided to the external input port of the energy storage power supply after the charging gun is connected. It is detected in real time by the auxiliary power module (Vaux). When Vin≥Vth, the power supply capacity of the charging gun can be considered to meet the standard, and the wake-up process can be started.

[0087] Specifically, the activation voltage threshold can be determined based on the ambient temperature and the battery voltage of the energy storage power supply. The activation voltage threshold can be changed according to the scenario adaptability, rather than a fixed threshold for scenario adaptability, which improves poor adaptability. After the charging gun is connected, the motherboard is not directly woken up. Instead, the auxiliary power module (Vaux) detects the actual charging voltage (Vin) and compares it with the dynamically calculated Vth. If Vin≥Vth, it is confirmed that the charging gun has a stable power supply capability. If the voltage meets the standard, the motherboard does not immediately start at full power. Instead, it first shuts down the internal isolation FET (field-effect transistor to avoid large current surge) and starts a low-power activation mode. It first supplies power to the minimum system power (main control chip, communication circuit, etc.) to ensure that the wake-up process is safe and energy-saving, which solves the problem that the traditional fixed voltage threshold cannot be compatible with different power types.

[0088] This application embodiment also provides a fault handling device 300 for an energy storage power supply, used to execute the steps described above in the fault handling method for an energy storage power supply. Please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fault handling device 300 for an energy storage power supply provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy storage power supply includes a motherboard and a battery management system. The fault handling device 300 for the energy storage power supply includes: The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire diagnostic signals from the battery management system and communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system when a charging gun is detected to be connected. The grading module 302 is used to grade the fault based on diagnostic signals and communication information to obtain the current fault level; The processing module 303 is used to switch the power supply path of the motherboard to the power supply path of the charging gun and shut down the battery management system when the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault.

[0089] It should be noted that the specific details of each module unit in the above-mentioned energy storage power supply fault handling device 300 have been described in detail in the embodiments of the above-mentioned energy storage power supply fault handling method, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "module" or "unit" refer to a computer program or part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented wholly or partially using software, hardware (such as processing circuitry or memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memory) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. Furthermore, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the functionality of that module or unit.

[0091] In some embodiments, the fault handling device for the energy storage power supply in this application can be implemented in hardware, such as the energy storage power supply itself or a component in the energy storage power supply, such as an integrated circuit or a chip; the fault handling device for the energy storage power supply can also be implemented in software, such as as a terminal or an application installed in the energy storage power supply.

[0092] In some embodiments, the energy storage power supply includes a motherboard, a charging interface, and a battery. The motherboard includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the various processes of the above-described embodiments of the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, these will not be described again here.

[0093] In some embodiments, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When executed by the processor, the program implements the various processes of the embodiments of the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply described above, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0094] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the various processes of the above-described embodiment of the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0095] The processor can be the processor in the energy storage power supply of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be a computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc.

[0096] Computer-readable media can include computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented using any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media include RAM, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other solid-state storage technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape, disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that computer storage media are not limited to the above-mentioned types.

[0097] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned fault handling method for an energy storage power supply. The processor may be the processor in the energy storage power supply described in the above embodiments. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements various processes of the embodiments of the fault handling method for the energy storage power supply described above, and achieves the same technical effects; therefore, to avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0098] It is understood that in the specific implementation of this application, data related to user identity or characteristics is involved. When the above embodiments of this application are applied to specific products or technologies, user permission or consent is required, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions.

[0099] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fault handling method for an energy storage power source, characterized in that, The energy storage power supply includes a motherboard and a battery management system, and the method includes: When a charging gun is detected to be connected, the diagnostic signal of the battery management system and the communication information between the motherboard and the battery management system are acquired. Based on the diagnostic signals and the communication information, the fault is classified to obtain the current fault level; If the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, switch the power supply path of the motherboard to the power supply path of the charging gun and shut down the battery management system.

2. The fault handling method for energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic signals include functional safety status bit signals, MOSFET conduction and leakage detection signals, temperature sampling channel detection signals, single cell voltage and differential voltage detection signals, and acquisition chip communication handshake status signals; the communication information includes whether the communication between the motherboard and the battery management system is interrupted.

3. The fault handling method for energy storage power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of classifying the fault based on the diagnostic signal and the communication information to obtain the current fault level includes: If the battery is determined to be overheated based on the temperature sampling channel detection signal or if the communication is determined to be interrupted based on the communication information, the current fault level is determined to be a recoverable fault. If a MOSFET malfunction is determined based on the MOSFET conduction and leakage detection signals, a communication interruption is determined based on the communication handshake status signal of the acquisition chip, a short circuit within the cell is determined based on the individual cell voltage and differential voltage detection signals, or a functional safety trigger is determined based on the functional safety status bit signal, then the current fault level is determined to be an unrecoverable fault.

4. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In the event that the current fault level is an unrecoverable fault, switching the power supply path of the motherboard to the power supply path of the charging gun and shutting down the battery management system includes: Control the battery management system to turn off the cell power supply switch and switch the power supply path of the motherboard to the power supply path of the charging gun; Send a shutdown command to the battery management system and determine whether a shutdown status signal indicating that the shutdown command has been executed has been received from the battery management system; If the shutdown signal is received, the power is cut off to other circuit parts in the motherboard except for the target circuit part, the target circuit part including a timing unit and a fault information storage unit; Write a wake-up prevention message to the anti-false wake-up register to prevent the battery management system from being woken up. If the motherboard receives a power-on command and the anti-false wake-up prevention register does not contain the wake-up prevention message, it will wake up the battery management system.

5. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, External devices can access and obtain fault information stored in the motherboard's fault information storage unit by sending an authentication signal authorized by the motherboard to the motherboard.

6. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the charging gun determines that the energy storage power supply has an unrecoverable fault based on the fault information, it sends a prohibit wake-up command to the motherboard to prohibit waking up the battery management system. If the motherboard receives a power-on command, does not have the prohibit wake-up information in the anti-false wake-up register, and does not receive the prohibit wake-up command, it wakes up the battery management system.

7. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: When the motherboard receives a security wake-up signal authorized by an external device, it clears the motherboard's fault information storage unit and wakes up the battery management system.

8. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Before the battery management system is woken up, the battery management system is verified based on preset filtering rules to obtain verification results. The verification results include whether the battery and battery management system of the energy storage power supply pass the verification. If the battery and the battery management system pass the verification, the battery management system will continue to be activated.

9. The fault handling method for the energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The activation voltage threshold is determined based on the ambient temperature and the battery voltage of the energy storage power source. If the charging voltage is greater than the activation voltage threshold when the charging gun is detected to be connected, the motherboard will be woken up.

10. An energy storage power source, characterized in that, The system includes a battery, a motherboard, and a battery management system. The motherboard includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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