Turnover clamping type laser welding machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, and discloses a turnover clamping type laser welding machine tool. The workpiece is welded through the laser welding head capable of ascending and descending, the joint position is treated through the ascending and descending process of the laser welding head, on one hand, the joint position is expanded, the smoothness of the joint position is improved, and on the other hand, the joint position is adjusted through the change of the distance between the laser welding head and the workpiece in the ascending and descending process. Complementation of two times of welding of the connection position is achieved, the smoothness is further improved, the welding position is limited through the positioning clamping jaw, welding stability is guaranteed, meanwhile, an induction type rotary encoder is adopted for accurately controlling the welding path of the workpiece, welding precision is guaranteed, the connection roller is driven to rotate through rotation of the workpiece, and the welding precision is improved. And the auxiliary threads on the connecting roller play a role in extrusion in the rotating process, the weld joints are extruded, and the welding effect is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, in particular to a reversible clamping type laser welding machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The laser welding machine is a device that uses laser as energy source, generates high-energy laser beam through laser generator, focuses through optical system, and acts on the weld seam area of the workpiece to make the workpiece material melt and solidify instantaneously, so as to realize precise welding of the workpiece. The core includes key components such as laser emission, welding execution, and workpiece positioning and clamping, and can adapt to welding processing of various metals and some non-metal workpieces.

[0003] In Chinese Patent No. CN114571115B, the embodiment of the application discloses a laser welding machine with a reversible clamp, which comprises a rack, a welding machine body, a rotating disc, a first clamping mechanism, a second clamping mechanism, a pushing mechanism, and a turnover mechanism. The rotating disc is provided with a front machining station and a back machining station in the circumferential direction. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are used to place the welding pieces transported by two different conveying belts on the front machining station, and the pushing mechanism is used to enable the welding machine body to perform welding work on the target welding line formed by the abutment of the first welding piece and the second welding piece. After the front welding work is completed, the turnover mechanism is used to turn the target welding piece welded together to the back machining station, and the welding machine body can weld the back of the target welding piece. The machine replaces manual operation to improve the welding efficiency of the welding piece and reduce safety hazards.

[0004] In view of the above and existing related technologies, the following defects exist: In the use of the existing reversible clamping type laser welding machine, in order to improve the welding quality of the welding seam at the head and tail of the laser welding, the welding position is treated by supplement welding. However, during the supplement welding process, the welding position may be damaged due to secondary welding, resulting in melting or undercutting, which ultimately destroys the smoothness of the welding position. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing technology has the defect that supplement welding destroys the smoothness of the welding joint position. Therefore, we propose a reversible clamping type laser welding machine.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool, comprising: a laser welding machine tool body, a laser welding device fixedly connected to the top of the laser welding machine tool body, a lifting mechanism slidably connected to the side of the laser welding device, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism, a welding head lifting rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, a laser welding head disposed at the bottom of the welding head lifting rod, a balance plate fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding head, a spherical protrusion fixedly connected to the bottom of the balance plate, an inductive rotary encoder disposed at the bottom of the spherical protrusion, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of the inductive rotary encoder, a positioning gripper rotatably connected to the side of the drive shaft, an auxiliary roller rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning gripper, a connecting roller fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary roller, an auxiliary thread fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting roller, and a controller fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism slides vertically along the side of the laser welding device, and the lifting mechanism drives the mounting frame to move vertically up and down synchronously.

[0008] Preferably, the balance plate and the mounting bracket are slidably connected, and the mounting bracket is U-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the spherical bump is adapted to the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder, and when the laser welding head is raised and lowered to the designated welding position, the spherical bump comes into contact with the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder.

[0010] Preferably, the inductive rotary encoder is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a pair of inductive rotary encoders are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the inductive rotary encoder is used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller and convert the path detection signal into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the controller. The controller receives the electrical signal and performs data calculations.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary rollers are evenly spaced about the inner wall of the positioning gripper, and a pair of positioning grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the laser welding head.

[0013] Preferably, a pair of auxiliary threads are symmetrically arranged about the vertical centerline of the connecting roller, and the auxiliary threads are in contact with the welding fixture.

[0014] Preferably, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding machine tool body, an electric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate, an electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side of the electric rotating shaft, a fixed gripper is fixedly connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod, and welding fixtures are provided on the side of the fixed gripper.

[0015] Preferably, a pair of fixed grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the welding fixture, and the fixed grippers are used to clamp the welding fixture.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: In this invention, a liftable laser welding head is used to weld the workpiece. The rising and falling of the laser welding head processes the connection point, expanding it to improve its smoothness. Furthermore, the change in distance between the laser welding head and the workpiece during the rising and falling process allows for complementary welding at the connection point, further enhancing smoothness. Positioning grippers limit the welding position to ensure welding stability. Simultaneously, an inductive rotary encoder precisely controls the welding path, ensuring welding accuracy. The workpiece rotation drives the connecting roller to rotate, and the auxiliary threads on the connecting roller exert a squeezing effect during rotation, compressing the weld seam and improving the welding effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts: Figure 1 This is a front view of the reversible clamping laser welding machine tool of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing claw part of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket portion of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inductive rotary encoder portion of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning gripper portion of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting roller portion of the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1, laser welding machine body; 2, fixed plate; 3, electric rotating shaft; 4, electric telescopic rod; 5, fixed clamping jaw; 6, welding tool; 7, laser welding device; 8, lifting mechanism; 9, mounting bracket; 10, welding head lifting rod; 11, laser welding head; 12, balance plate; 13, spherical bump; 14, inductive rotary encoder; 15, driving rotating shaft; 16, positioning clamping jaw; 17, auxiliary roller; 18, connecting roller; 19, auxiliary thread; 20, controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] It is easy to understand that, according to the technical solution of the present application, those skilled in the art can propose a plurality of structure modes and implementation modes which can be replaced with each other without changing the essential spirit of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, and should not be regarded as the whole or as the limitation or restriction of the technical solution of the present application.

[0020] According to the embodiment of the present application Figures 1 to 8 is shown.

[0021] The laser welding machine is a high-precision welding equipment in modern manufacturing industry, and its core working principle is to use laser as a high-energy density welding heat source. The electric energy is converted into a high-purity and high-directional laser beam by a laser generator. The laser beam is transmitted and focused through a precise optical system composed of mirrors, focusing lenses, etc. The laser energy is highly concentrated in a small spot, and accurately acts on the preset weld area of the workpiece. Under the instantaneous irradiation of high-energy laser, the material at the weld of the workpiece quickly absorbs the laser energy and melts instantly, forming a uniform molten pool. After the laser beam moves away, the liquid metal in the molten pool rapidly cools and solidifies at room temperature, thereby realizing metallurgical bonding and precise welding of the workpiece. The core of such equipment includes three key component modules. The first is the laser emission module, which is responsible for the generation and preliminary control of laser. The core components are laser generator, power supply and energy adjustment unit. The second is the welding execution module, which is responsible for the transmission, focusing and welding action execution of the laser beam. It mainly includes optical transmission components, laser welding head 11, lifting adjustment mechanism, etc. The third is the workpiece positioning and clamping module, which is used to realize stable fixation and precise positioning of the workpiece. Common components include various clamping jaws, welding tool 6, rotary workbench, etc., which can be flexibly adapted according to the shape of the workpiece and welding requirements.

[0022] Existing reversible clamping laser welding machine tools, while adaptable to welding needs of multi-angle and multi-type workpieces due to their reversible clamping feature, inevitably exhibit defects such as minute gaps, localized incomplete fusion, surface steps, and uneven weld reinforcement at the weld seam junction. To improve the welding quality at the weld seam junction, the industry commonly employs rework welding for secondary processing of the junction. However, in the rework welding operation, due to the difference in heat conduction characteristics between the rework area and the original weld, the special spatial location of the junction, and the difficulty in precisely controlling the laser energy parameters, coupled with uneven local temperature field distribution during the secondary welding process, the junction is prone to fusion welding or undercut due to secondary heating and melting, ultimately destroying the smoothness of the junction and potentially exacerbating stress concentration at the junction, even leading to new welding hazards such as localized cracking, slag inclusions, and porosity. This reduces the quality consistency of the entire weld seam and the reliability of the workpiece in subsequent use. To solve this problem, this invention incorporates the following design in a reversible clamping laser welding machine tool: The utility model provides a kind of reversible clamping type laser welding machine tool, comprising: laser welding machine tool body 1, laser welding machine tool body 1 is the core equipment for high-precision welding processing in modern industrial production, and its core work logic is to use high-energy laser as welding heat source, and high-efficiency, stable fusion of workpiece is realized by complete set of precision system, the top of laser welding machine tool body 1 is fixedly connected with laser welding device 7, the side of laser welding device 7 is slidably connected with lifting mechanism 8, lifting mechanism 8 is core height adjusting component, is assembled in the side of laser welding device 7, usually uses electric drive mode, can stably slide along the vertical slide rail of laser welding device 7, the bottom of lifting mechanism 8 is fixedly connected with mounting bracket 9, the bottom of mounting bracket 9 is fixedly connected with welding head lifting rod 10, the bottom of welding head lifting rod 10 is provided with laser welding head 11, laser welding head 11 is the core executive component for transmitting, focusing laser beam in laser welding machine and accurately acting on workpiece weld area to realize fusion welding connection, can cooperate with lifting, displacement adjustment to adapt welding demand, the side of laser welding head 11 is fixedly connected with balance plate 12, the bottom of balance plate 12 is fixedly connected with spherical lug 13, the bottom of spherical lug 13 is provided with inductive rotary encoder 14, inductive rotary encoder 14 is a kind of detection component, which is transmitted to controller 20 by converting rotation angle, rotation speed or rotation path into electrical signal by inductive rotation, to realize accurate measurement and linkage control, driving shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the bottom of inductive rotary encoder 14, positioning clamp jaw 16 is rotatably connected to the side of driving shaft 15, auxiliary roller 17 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of positioning clamp jaw 16, auxiliary roller 17 is fixedly connected with the side of auxiliary roller 18, auxiliary roller 18 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of auxiliary thread 19, controller 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of driving shaft 15, controller 20 is the core control hub, and is electrically connected with electric shaft 3, electric telescopic rod 4, lifting mechanism 8, welding head lifting rod 10, laser welding head 11, inductive rotary encoder 14, driving shaft 15 and other key components respectively, and the core function is to receive the signal fed back by each component, accurately issues control instruction after operation, linkage control each component collaborative work, realizes welding tooling 6 clamping, overturning, positioning, laser welding head 11 lifting, welding, weld extrusion and head-to-tail weld connection and other whole-process automation and accurate control, guarantee welding quality and interface smoothness.

[0023] The lifting mechanism 8 slides along the side of the laser welding device 7 in the vertical direction, and drives the mounting frame 9 to synchronously vertically lift. The balance plate 12 is in sliding connection with the mounting frame 9, and the mounting frame 9 is in the shape of a concave. The spherical lug 13 is matched with the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder 14. When the laser welding head 11 is lifted to the specified welding position, the spherical lug 13 is in contact with the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder 14. The inductive rotary encoder 14 is in fixed connection with the mounting frame 9, and is symmetrically provided with a pair of inductive rotary encoders 14 about the vertical central axis of the mounting frame 9. The inductive rotary encoder 14 is used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller 17, and converts the path detection signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 20. The controller 20 receives the electrical signal and calculates the data. The auxiliary roller 17 is equally spaced about the inner wall of the positioning clamp jaw 16. The positioning clamp jaw 16 is symmetrically provided with a pair of positioning clamp jaws 16 about the vertical central axis of the laser welding head 11. The auxiliary screw 19 is symmetrically provided with a pair of auxiliary screws 19 about the vertical central axis of the connecting roller 18. The auxiliary screw 19 is in close contact with the welding tool 6. The side of the laser welding machine tool body 1 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 2. The outer wall of the fixed plate 2 is rotatably connected with the electric rotating shaft 3. The electric rotating shaft 3 is a core driving component for providing stable rotary power for laser welding operation, which drives the fixed clamp jaw 5 and the welding tool 6 to overturn and rotate at a constant speed. The side of the electric rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the electric telescopic rod 4. The electric telescopic rod 4 is a driving component for realizing the adaptability of welding tool 6 clamping and position calibration, which drives the fixed clamp jaw 5 to horizontally stretch and retract. One end of the electric telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected with the fixed clamp jaw 5. The side of the fixed clamp jaw 5 is provided with the welding tool 6. The fixed clamp jaw 5 is symmetrically provided with a pair of fixed clamp jaws 5 about the vertical central axis of the welding tool 6. The fixed clamp jaw 5 is used to clamp the welding tool 6.

[0024] When the device is in use, the welding tool 6 is placed in the position of the fixed clamping jaw 5, the welding tool 6 is fixed by using the fixed clamping jaw 5, then the electric telescopic rod 4 is started to move the welding tool 6 horizontally until the welding positions of the welding tool 6 are close to each other and are at the bottom of the laser welding head 11, then the lifting mechanism 8 is started to drive the mounting frame 9 to descend, at this time the positioning clamping jaw 16 is in the open state under the action of the driving shaft 15, when the laser welding head 11 is in the working position, the driving shaft 15 controls the positioning clamping jaw 16 to close at this time, the positioning clamping jaw 16 clamps and supports the both sides of the weld of the welding tool 6, when welding, the electric rotating shaft 3 is started first, the electric rotating shaft 3 drives the welding tool 6 to rotate at a constant speed, accompanying the rotation of the welding tool 6, the auxiliary roller 17 starts to rotate at this time, the welding head lifting rod 10 and the laser welding head 11 are started, the welding head lifting rod 10 drives the laser welding head 11 to start to descend, the laser welding head 11 performs laser welding on the weld in the descending process, when the laser welding head 11 is in the specified welding position, the spherical lug 13 contacts the inductive rotary encoder 14 at this time, the inductive rotary encoder 14 cooperates with the controller 20 to calculate the rotation path of the auxiliary roller 17, when the calculated path is equal to the total path of the whole circle welding of the welding tool 6 minus the rotation path length of the welding tool 6 in the descending process of the laser welding head 11, the welding head lifting rod 10 drives the laser welding head 11 to rise at this time, the laser welding head 11 continues to weld the rotating tool in the rising process, the area welded by the laser welding head 11 in the rising process is the same as the area welded by the laser welding head 11 in the descending process, at the same time, when the laser welding head 11 welds at the specified welding position, the auxiliary roller 17 drives the connecting roller 18 and the auxiliary thread 19 to rotate at this time, the auxiliary thread 19 plays a role in extruding the weld position.

[0025] The laser welding head 11 can be adjusted in the vertical direction to precisely weld the workpiece weld, and the complete stroke of the laser welding head 11 is used to arc and arc, and the connection position of the first and last welds is integrated. On the one hand, the connection position is expanded to improve the smoothness of the connection position, and on the other hand, through the change of the distance between the laser welding head 11 and the workpiece during the lifting process, the laser energy is more concentrated when descending, and the root of the connection position is fully fused, and the laser energy covers a wider range when rising. The surface of the connection position is homogenized and modified, and through the cooperative complementation of the two weldings, the surface flatness of the connection position is further optimized to avoid defects such as local protrusions or depressions. The positioning clamping jaw 16 limits the welding position to ensure the stability of the welding, and the inductive rotary encoder 14 accurately controls the welding path of the workpiece to ensure the precision of the welding. The workpiece rotates to drive the connection cylinder 18 to rotate, and the auxiliary thread 19 on the connection cylinder 18 plays a role in extrusion during rotation to extrude the weld to effectively discharge the pores and micro-cracks inside the weld, promote the densification of the weld metal, and further improve the overall welding quality and structural strength of the weld, realizing the dual protection of the smoothness of the connection position and the strength of the weld.

[0026] The core benefit of the reversible clamping type laser welding machine tool is that it can accurately solve the core pain point of the first and last weld connection not being smooth and prone to defects. Through the two complementary weldings of the laser welding head 11 during the lifting process, the smoothness of the connection position is effectively improved to avoid local protrusions, depressions and other problems. At the same time, the double clamping of the fixed clamping jaw 5 and the positioning clamping jaw 16 cooperates with the position calibration of the electric telescopic rod 4 to ensure the stability of the welding process. The inductive rotary encoder 14 and the controller 20 work together to accurately control the welding path, and the auxiliary thread 19 on the connection cylinder 18 extrudes the weld simultaneously to discharge internal pores and micro-cracks, promote the densification of the weld metal, and significantly improve the overall welding quality and structural strength of the weld. In addition, the electric rotating shaft 3 can drive the tool to flip to adapt to multi-angle welding requirements, and the automatic linkage of various components not only ensures the consistency and reliability of the overall weld quality, but also improves the adaptability and efficiency of the welding operation.

[0027] The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content in the above description, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of the present application, and these modifications and modifications should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool, characterized in that, include: The laser welding machine tool body has a laser welding device fixedly connected to its top. A lifting mechanism is slidably connected to the side of the laser welding device. A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism. A welding head lifting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting frame. A laser welding head is located at the bottom of the welding head lifting rod. A balance plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding head. A spherical protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom of the balance plate. An inductive rotary encoder is located at the bottom of the spherical protrusion. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inductive rotary encoder. A positioning gripper is rotatably connected to the side of the drive shaft. An auxiliary roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning gripper. A connecting roller is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary roller. An auxiliary thread is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting roller. A controller is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive shaft.

2. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism slides vertically along the side of the laser welding device, and the lifting mechanism drives the mounting frame to move vertically and vertically synchronously.

3. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance plate and the mounting bracket are slidably connected, and the mounting bracket is U-shaped.

4. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical bump is adapted to the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder. When the laser welding head is raised and lowered to the designated welding position, the spherical bump comes into contact with the sensing end of the inductive rotary encoder.

5. The reversible clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductive rotary encoder is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a pair of inductive rotary encoders are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the mounting bracket.

6. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductive rotary encoder is used to detect the real-time rotation path of the auxiliary roller and convert the path detection signal into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the controller. The controller receives the electrical signal and performs data calculations.

7. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary rollers are evenly spaced about the inner wall of the positioning gripper, and a pair of positioning grippers are symmetrically arranged about the vertical central axis of the laser welding head.

8. The reversible clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of auxiliary threads are symmetrically arranged about the vertical centerline of the connecting roller, and the auxiliary threads are in contact with the welding fixture.

9. The reversible clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the laser welding machine tool body. An electric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate. An electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side of the electric rotating shaft. A fixed clamp is fixedly connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod. Welding fixtures are provided on the side of the fixed clamp.

10. The flip-type clamping laser welding machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed clamps are arranged symmetrically about the vertical central axis of the welding fixture, and the fixed clamps are used to clamp the welding fixture.

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