Super-amphiphobic biodegradable fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fibers and fabrics, in particular to a super-amphiphobic biodegradable fabric and a preparation method thereof. The specific technical scheme is as follows: the super-amphiphobic fabric is based on a biodegradable P (LA-HAs) copolymer, and a micro / nano surface rough structure is constructed by using a method of oxygen plasma treatment and surface deposition of nano dioxo nanoparticles; the novel fluorosilicone resin amphiphobic coating is designed by combining siloxane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate, and the novel fluorosilicone resin coating is compounded with other low-surface-energy materials by adopting a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method to construct a self-repairing super-amphiphobic surface with high durability. The problems that an existing fluorine-containing functional polymer is low in self-strength and poor in adhesive force, and the self-repairing efficiency is greatly reduced along with increase of the number of times of use are solved. The prepared super-amphiphobic biodegradable fabric is applied to the field of medical protection, the field of industrial protection, the field of daily consumption and the field of outdoor sports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber and fabric technology, specifically to a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global environmental awareness and the deepening of sustainable development concepts, traditional petroleum-based textiles face severe environmental challenges. The garment manufacturing industry alone generates more greenhouse gas emissions annually than all international flights and maritime shipping combined. my country produces over 40 billion garments annually, of which approximately 75% end up in landfills. Simultaneously, consumers are increasingly demanding higher functionalities from textiles, particularly in areas such as waterproofing, stain resistance, breathability, and comfort. Against this backdrop, biodegradable plastics are seen as a potential solution for pollution mitigation. Biodegradable polyesters such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are highly anticipated. PLA, as a biodegradable material made from renewable plant resources, possesses advantages such as good biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and high mechanical strength.

[0003] Patent CN119083177A discloses a solvent-resistant, biodegradable, superhydrophobic polylactic acid (PLA) fabric and its preparation method. Through surface structure design and chemical modification, PLA materials can achieve superhydrophobic / oleophobic (super-dual-hydrophobic) properties, with a water contact angle of 155.3°-162.7°, while maintaining excellent air permeability and moisture permeability. This perfect combination of biodegradability and super-dual-hydrophobic function makes PLA super-dual-hydrophobic fabrics an ideal solution to address the environmental problems and functional requirements of traditional textiles. However, although PLA has good transparency and processing performance, it can only degrade under high-temperature and high-humidity industrial composting conditions and is not biodegradable under room temperature exposure or in marine environments. In contrast, members of the PHA family, such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), can degrade in natural and marine environments, but their brittleness limits their practical applications.

[0004] Superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surfaces refer to surfaces that are simultaneously superhydrophobic and superoleophobic, with a contact angle greater than 150° and a roll-off angle less than 10° for water and oil. Micro / nano-scale surface roughness and low surface energy compounds are two key factors in the preparation of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic fabrics. In constructing micro / nano-scale surface roughness, increased roughness reduces the solid-liquid contact area and increases the number of cavitation points, thereby increasing the contact angle and effectively improving the dual hydrophobic properties of the fabric surface. Therefore, the surface microstructure plays a crucial role in wetting properties. Regarding the selection of chemical substances, materials with low surface energy are chosen for surface modification to construct low surface energy surfaces.

[0005] Superhydrophobic and amphoteric materials possess excellent dewetting properties, showing great promise for applications in waterproofing, stain prevention, and barrier properties. While numerous superhydrophobic and amphoteric materials have been designed based on wetting mechanisms and models, problems such as cumbersome preparation processes, easy damage to the superhydrophobic and amphoteric surface structure, and poor mechanical stability of the coating remain unresolved. Although currently reported superhydrophobic and amphoteric materials can self-repair under certain conditions after damage, the efficiency of self-repair decreases significantly with the number of repair attempts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric and its preparation method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention discloses a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric, characterized in that: the biodegradable material in the biodegradable fabric is a poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer, and the fabric in the biodegradable fabric is one or more of woven fabric, nonwoven fabric and 3D printed fabric. The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid), or a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid). A combination of one or more of the following: 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers), poly(5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid copolymers), and poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid copolymers).

[0008] Preferably, the woven fabric is one or both of woven fabric and knitted fabric; the woven fabric is a combination of one or more of woven plain weave fabric, woven twill weave fabric, woven satin weave fabric, and jacquard fabric. The nonwoven fabric is one or a combination of multiple types of spunbond nonwoven fabric, thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, hot-air nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric, and needle-punched nonwoven fabric.

[0009] The 3D printed fabric is one or both of the following: 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric and 3D printed imitation weft plain knit fabric.

[0010] Preferably, the woven fabric is a woven plain weave fabric made of long fibers; the nonwoven fabric is a spunlace nonwoven fabric made of chopped short fibers; and the 3D printed fabric is a 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric.

[0011] Correspondingly, a method for preparing a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric involves preparing a fabric using a poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer, then obtaining a hydrophobic fabric by dip coating and rolling using an impregnation solution, and finally obtaining a superhydrophobic fabric by chemical vapor deposition.

[0012] Preferably, the main steps for preparing the fabric from the poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer are as follows: The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is subjected to forced air drying and vacuum drying in sequence. The moisture content of the dried poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is controlled below 35 ppm. It is then prepared into fibers or a tissue structure model is established by 3D printing. The fabric is obtained by preparing the fibers or by printing the tissue structure model by 3D printing.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation steps of the impregnation solution are as follows: (1) Dissolve siloxane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane in a solvent and disperse by ultrasonication to obtain a mixture of silane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate. (2) Add mercaptopropionate and catalyst to solvent, stir evenly at room temperature and under N2 atmosphere, slowly add the mixture from step (1), react at 23±2℃ for 2-4h, and after the reaction is completed, obtain fluorosilicone resin by vacuum distillation. (3) Disperse the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the fluorosilicone resin in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse them to obtain an impregnation solution.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the siloxane is one or more of dimethylsiloxane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 1-(3-mercapto)propyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-isobutylpentacyclo[9.5.1.13,9.15,15.17,13]octasiloxane (mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS), and the perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing a long-chain fluoroalkane is 2-(perfluorodecyl)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl acrylate, 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl methacrylate, or N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamide ethyl methacrylate. One or a combination of two; in step (2), the mercaptopropionate is one or a combination of trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), ethylene glycol di(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, and inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate), and the catalyst is one or a combination of dimethylphenylphosphine and di-tert-butylphenylphosphine; in step (3), the nano-titanium dioxide particles are one or a combination of anatase nano-titanium dioxide, rutile nano-titanium dioxide, and brookite nano-titanium dioxide; in steps (1)-(3), the solvent is one of tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol.

[0015] Preferably, the molar ratio of the siloxane, the perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane, and the mercaptopropionate is 2:1:8, and the weight percentage of the catalyst is 1 wt%; the mass ratio of the nano-titanium dioxide particles to the fluorosilicone resin is 0.5-5.5:94.5-99.5.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation steps of the double-repellent fabric are as follows: (1) The fabric was ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use. (2) The fabric pretreated in step (1) is subjected to oxygen plasma treatment; (3) After soaking the fabric treated with oxygen plasma in the impregnation solution for 1-5 minutes, take it out, squeeze out the excess solution, and then place the fabric in a vacuum drying oven at 60-80℃ for 30-90 minutes. (4) Disperse fluorosilane in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse it for 30-60 minutes at room temperature to form a transparent viscous solution. Place it in a sealed container for later use. Place the fabric from step (3) in the sealed container, evacuate it, and then heat it to 100-140°C. Perform chemical vapor deposition under vacuum conditions to obtain the superhydrophobic fabric.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), the impregnation solution has a mass fraction of 2-8 wt%, and in step (4), the fluorosilane is one or more of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, and octaheptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane; the solvent is one or more of 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecylfluorooctane; the fluorosilane has a weight fraction of 10-60 wt% in the solvent.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention abandons the traditional PLA and PHAs biodegradable polymers and adopts a copolymer of PLA and PHAs, P(LA-HAs). Compared with traditional PLA and PHAs, P(LA-HAs) copolymers are manufactured using microorganisms, exhibiting excellent environmental adaptability and superior biocompatibility. By adjusting the ratio of LA and HAs units, transparency, mechanical strength, flexibility, and biodegradability can be combined, providing a good solution for constructing textile solutions under a circular bioeconomy.

[0019] (2) This invention systematically studied the three core properties of P(LA-HAs) superhydrophobic biodegradable fabrics: liquid barrier function, material resistance to infectious agent penetration, and superhydrophobicity. The study found that the superhydrophobic biodegradable fabrics prepared by this invention, through surface micro / nano structure construction and superhydrophobic low surface energy molecular structure design, achieved contact angles θ for both water and oil (n-hexadecane) greater than 150°, and roll-off angles θ for both water and oil less than 10°. Simultaneously, it possesses excellent physical properties, liquid barrier function, and resistance to infectious agent penetration. Performance tests after 50 standard washing and disinfection cycles on the woven plain weave fabric obtained by this invention showed that the water contact angle θ ≥ 120°, and the water roll-off angle α ≤ 20°; the oil contact angle θ ≥ 100°, and the oil roll-off angle α ≤ 20°. Furthermore, the physical properties, liquid barrier function, and resistance to infectious agent penetration all maintained a retention rate of over 80%, and all individual indicators exceeded the minimum standard limits. This indicates that the plain weave woven fabric and 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric obtained by the present invention are reusable and have super self-healing super double-weave fabrics, which meet the requirements of reusable fabrics.

[0020] (3) Neither the perfluoroalkyl acrylates nor the fluorosilanes used in this invention are PFOS, PFOA, or PFHxS toxic and hazardous chemicals listed in the 2023 edition of the list of key controlled new pollutants published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs, and the State Administration for Market Regulation. The perfluoroalkyl acrylates and fluorosilanes used have been carefully selected to not only meet the performance requirements of superhydrophobic and dihydrophobic materials, but also to comply with the premise of environmental protection, safety, and non-toxicity.

[0021] (4) At the application level, this material can meet the requirements of wearing comfort, infection control and biodegradability in the medical protection field, provide chemical barrier and electrostatic protection in the industrial protection field, achieve anti-fouling and self-cleaning function in the daily consumer field, and cope with harsh environments and maintain comfort in the outdoor sports field. This superhydrophobic fabric shows great application potential. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the implementation examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0024] This invention discloses a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric, characterized in that: the biodegradable material in the biodegradable fabric is a poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) (P(LA-HAs)) copolymer, and the fabric in the biodegradable fabric is one or more of woven fabric, nonwoven fabric and 3D printed fabric. The woven fabric is one or both of woven and knitted fabrics; the woven fabric is a combination of one or more of woven plain weave, woven twill, woven satin, and jacquard fabrics; the nonwoven fabric is a combination of one or more of spunbond nonwoven, thermally bonded nonwoven, hot-air nonwoven, spunlace nonwoven, and needle-punched nonwoven fabrics. The 3D printed fabric is one or both of 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric and 3D printed imitation weft plain knit fabric.

[0025] More preferably, the woven fabric is a woven plain weave fabric made of long fibers; the nonwoven fabric is a spunlace nonwoven fabric made of chopped short fibers; and the 3D printed fabric is a 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric.

[0026] The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid) (P(3HB-3HHx-LA)), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid) (P(3HP-3HB-3HHx-LA)), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-lactic acid) (P(3HP-LA)), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid) (P(3HB-LA)), a copolymer of poly(4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid) (P(4HB-LA)), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid) (P(3HP-3HB-LA)), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid) (P(3HP-4HB-LA)), and a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid). The copolymer of 4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid (P(3HP-3HB-4HB-LA)), the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid) (P(3HB-4HB-LA)), the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid) (P(3HV-LA)), the copolymer of poly(5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid) (P(5HV-LA)), the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid) (P(3HB-LA-3HV)), the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid) (P(3HB-5HV-LA)), the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid) (P(3HHx-LA)), and the copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid) (P(3HP-3HHx-LA)).

[0027] Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of the P(LA-HAs) copolymer is 50,000-950,000; preferably 100,000-300,000; and more preferably 180,000-190,000. The P(LA-HAs) copolymer is prepared by one or a combination of chemical synthesis and microbial preparation. This invention preferably uses P(LA-HAs) copolymers produced by microbial methods, which possess excellent environmental adaptability, superior biocompatibility, and a balanced mechanical property of stiffness and toughness. By adjusting the ratio of LA and HAs units, transparency, mechanical strength, flexibility, and biodegradability can be achieved simultaneously, providing an excellent solution for constructing textile solutions under a circular bioeconomy.

[0028] More preferably, the P(LA-HAs) copolymer is one or a combination of P(3HB-LA), P(3HP-LA), P(3HHx-LA), P(3HB-LA-3HV), and P(3HB-3HHx-LA); even more preferably, one or a combination of P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV).

[0029] The P(3HB-LA) copolymer has an LA molar percentage of 5-35 mol%; preferably, the LA molar percentage of P(3HB-LA) is 10-20 mol%. The nonwoven and woven plain weave fabrics use a P(3HB-LA) copolymer with an LA molar percentage of 11 mol%, and a weight-average molecular weight M. w =1.9×10 5 The 3D-printed plain weave fabric uses a P(3HB-LA) copolymer with a LA molar percentage of 20 mol% and a weight-average molecular weight M. w =1.85×10 5 .

[0030] The P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer has an LA molar percentage of 5-45 mol% and a 3HV molar percentage of 2-48 mol%; preferably, the LA molar percentage is 7-23 mol% and the 3HV molar percentage is 2-27 mol%. The nonwoven fabric and woven plain weave fabric are made of a P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with an LA molar percentage of 7 mol% and a 3HV molar percentage of 2 mol%, and a weight-average molecular weight M. w =1.8×10 5 The 3D-printed plain weave fabric uses a P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with 8 mol% LA and 11 mol% 3HV, and a weight-average molecular weight Mw = 1.87 × 10⁻⁶. 5 .

[0031] This invention discloses a method for preparing a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric. The fabric is prepared using a poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer, and then the superhydrophobic fabric is obtained by dip coating and rolling using an impregnation solution. Finally, the superhydrophobic fabric is obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

[0032] The main steps in preparing the fabric using the poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer are as follows: The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is subjected to forced air drying and vacuum drying in sequence. The moisture content of the dried poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is controlled below 35 ppm. It is then prepared into fibers or a tissue structure model is established by 3D printing. The fabric is obtained by preparing the fibers or by printing the tissue structure model by 3D printing.

[0033] Furthermore, taking the preparation of woven plain weave fabrics from long fibers, spunlace nonwoven fabrics from chopped fibers, and 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabrics as examples, we prepared fabrics.

[0034] The preparation of woven plain fabric includes the following steps: (1) Drying of raw materials The drying of P(LA-HAs) copolymer raw materials adopts a two-step drying method. The first step is forced air drying, in which the raw materials are placed in a forced air drying oven at 60-80℃ for 2-8 hours, preferably at 70℃ for 4 hours, thereby removing the free moisture on the surface of the raw materials and preventing local overheating degradation when directly subjected to high-temperature drying. During the forced air drying process, appropriate air circulation should be maintained to ensure uniform heat distribution.

[0035] The second step is vacuum drying. The pre-dried raw material is transferred to a vacuum oven at 80-100℃ for 16-40 hours, preferably at 90℃ for 24 hours. The vacuum level is controlled above -0.095MPa to ensure that moisture is fully removed. The moisture content is tested using a moisture meter, and the moisture content of the dried raw material is controlled below 35ppm. The dried raw material is stored in a double-layered plastic bag with an inner polyethylene film bag and an outer aluminum foil bag to prevent reabsorption of moisture from the air.

[0036] For example, P(LA-HAs) copolymers are one or a combination of two of P(3HB-LA-3HV) and P(3HB-LA) copolymers.

[0037] (2) Preparation of FDY long fibers After the raw material in step (1) is dried and qualified, it is injected into the screw extruder for melt extrusion spinning. The melt is extruded according to the requirements by the metering pump. After the melt enters the spinning assembly, it is extruded through the micro-holes of the spinneret and cooled in the water tank to form nascent fibers. Then, the nascent fibers are cooled by ring blowing, bundled and oiled, drawn and shaped, networked and interlocked, and wound to obtain FDY long fibers.

[0038] Specifically: 1) During the preparation of the FDY long fibers, a single-screw extruder melts and extrudes the spinning raw material. The spinning temperature is 130℃-175℃, with the feed section temperature at 140-150℃, the compression section temperature at 150-160℃, and the metering section temperature at 165-175℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated with biphenyl steam to maintain the melt temperature at 155-175℃, with a temperature control accuracy of ±2℃ to ensure melt temperature stability. The spinneret has 36 holes with a diameter of 0.12mm and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 12-28MPa. The fiber bundles extruded through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2m long circulating water system tank at 25℃. The pump supply is controlled by a metering pump at 18-22g / min during spinning to obtain nascent fibers.

[0039] 2) The obtained nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 45-65℃ and an air velocity of 0.4-0.6 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 0.5-1.5% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 600-1000 m / min, with multiple fibers bundled into filaments.

[0040] 3) Three guide rollers are used for hot drawing and setting of the fibers. GR1 (the first guide roller) operates at a slower speed, pre-stretching the fibers at a speed of 1000-1400 m / min and a heating temperature of 70-90℃. GR2 (the second guide roller) operates at a speed of 2000-3000 m / min, significantly higher than GR1, and a stretching heating temperature of 60-100℃. The fiber bundle is heated and stretched substantially between the two sets of hot rollers. During this process, the fiber macromolecular chains are highly oriented along the fiber axis, accompanied by the formation of crystalline structures, resulting in a significant increase in fiber strength. GR3 (the third guide roller) serves as the heat setter. The filament bundle enters GR3, whose drafting speed is 2000-3000 m / min, slightly lower than or equal to GR2. The heat setting temperature is controlled at 100-120℃. During this stage, the internal stress of the fiber is relaxed, and the crystalline structure becomes more complete, resulting in stable dimensions, a good hand feel, and reduced boiling water shrinkage. A ring airflow is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 20-30℃ and an air velocity of 0.2-0.4 m / s.

[0041] 4) After heat setting, the filament bundles undergo a network interlacing process using a networker to intertwine the filaments, giving the bundles a certain cohesive force to facilitate subsequent weaving. The network pressure is 0.06-0.12 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 2000-3000 m / min, and the winding tension is 7-12 cN. Under these process conditions, the total draw ratio should be controlled between 4-10 times, preferably 5-7 times, to obtain FDY long fibers with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex). After the FDY long fibers are removed from the machine, they are placed at a temperature of 23±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±5% for at least 24 hours for moisture conditioning to allow the fiber moisture regain to reach a balanced state.

[0042] (3) Preparation of woven plain fabric Plain woven fabric is made by sequentially processing the FDY long fibers obtained in step (2) through a weaving preparation process, a weaving process, and a finishing process using an air-jet loom.

[0043] Specifically, the weaving preparation process includes the winding process and the warping process. In the winding process, the winding speed is controlled at 800-1200 m / min, and the winding density is 0.45-0.55 g / cm³. 3During the winding process, an electronic yarn clearer is used to remove defects and impurities from the yarn. The clearing parameters are set as follows: short thick places are set at 150-200%, long thick places at 120-150%, and thin places at 50-70%. In the warping process, the warping tension is controlled in segments: unwinding tension 5-10 cN, guide tension 3-5 cN, and winding tension 15-25 cN. The warp beam winding density is controlled at 0.45-0.55 g / cm³. 3 .

[0044] Weaving Process: Air-jet looms are used to prepare woven fabrics. The shedding time is set to 310°-320°, and the shedding height is 40-50mm. During weft insertion, the main nozzle pressure is 0.25-0.35MPa, and the auxiliary nozzle pressure is 0.20-0.30MPa. The main nozzle opening time is 70-80°, and the closing time is 220-230°; the auxiliary nozzle opening time is 80-90°, and the closing time is 210-220°. The unwinding tension is controlled at 2-4cN. Because plain weave has good air permeability and impermeability, twill weave is used, with a warp density of 60-80 threads / cm, a weft density of 40-80 threads / cm, and a fabric weight of 150g / m². 2 The loom is a general-purpose air-jet type, with a machine speed of 600-700 revolutions per minute.

[0045] The finishing process includes a heat setting process. In this heat setting process, the setting temperature is 130-150℃, preferably 140℃; the setting time is 20-30 seconds; the setting speed is 30-40 m / min, with an overfeed rate of 2-3%; the warp setting tension is 15-20% of the fabric's breaking strength, and the weft width is stretched to the specified 250cm. After setting, the fabric width must reach the specified 250cm, with a deviation ≤±1%; the shrinkage rate is ≤3% in the warp and ≤3% in the weft; the fabric surface is smooth and free of creases; it has a soft hand feel and no obvious sheen.

[0046] Furthermore, the FDY long fiber (hereinafter referred to as FDY filament for ease of description) prepared in step (2) above is only one option, and can also be one of DTY filament, POY filament or a combination of these three.

[0047] The filament is selected from one or more combinations of DTY or FDY filaments with specifications of 30D / 36F, 50D / 24F, 50D / 36F, 50D / 48F, 75D / 36F, 75D / 48F, 75D / 72F, 100D / 36F, 100D / 48F, 100D / 72F, 100D / 96F, 150D / 48F, 150D / 72F, 150D / 96F, 150D / 144F, 200D / 144F, and 200D / 96F; preferably, one or more combinations of FDY filaments with specifications of 50D / 24F, 75D / 36F, 100D / 48F, 150D / 72F, and 200D / 96F.

[0048] FDY filament is preferred because it has straight, smooth, and even fibers; a smooth feel; a dense surface that effectively blocks the penetration of liquids and microorganisms; superior strength and abrasion resistance, resulting in stronger and more durable fabrics; and a smooth surface that reduces lint and debris buildup due to friction, minimizing lint shedding. FDY filament fully meets the core requirements of barrier protection, high strength, and cleanliness. In contrast, DTY fibers are crimped and have a loose structure; this loose structure creates more gaps, resulting in weaker barrier capabilities; moderate strength; and more frequent inter-fiber friction, making it prone to lint and microparticle buildup. Its loose, porous structure and higher risk of lint shedding make it unsuitable for harsh environments. DTY is more suitable for general clothing and home textiles where warmth and softness are paramount.

[0049] Further optimization was made using 50D / 36F FDY filaments. 50D indicates the yarn's fineness, belonging to medium-fine denier fibers, meaning the resulting fabric will be relatively lightweight. 36F indicates that the yarn consists of 36 monofilaments. At the same denier (D), the number of monofilaments (F) affects the hand feel; the 36F design achieves a good balance between softness and strength. 50D / 36F FDY filaments exhibit good fiber cohesion, high bundle density, straight and strong fibers, stable physical properties, and fewer fuzzy fibers and broken ends, resulting in a relatively lightweight fabric with a relatively soft hand feel.

[0050] The preparation of spunlace nonwoven fabric includes the following steps: (1) Drying of raw materials The raw material drying method is the same as step (1) in the preparation process of woven plain fabric.

[0051] (2) Preparation of short-cut fibers The FDY long fibers obtained in step (2) (step (2) in the preparation process of woven plain fabric) are cut to obtain short fibers. Specifically: the prepared FDY long fibers are cut to obtain short fibers (such as P(3HB-LA-3HV) and P(3HB-LA) short fibers) with a monofilament density of 1.39 dtex and a length of 38 mm through a cutting mechanism.

[0052] (3) Preparation of spunlace nonwoven fabric The short-cut fibers obtained in step (2) are opened, and then processed into single-fiber form by a carding machine, and combed into a fiber web of uniform thickness. Next, the fiber web is sent to a hydroentangling machine for reinforcement, and then sent to an oven for drying and hot air reinforcement. The products coming out of the oven are inspected for defects and metals by an online inspection instrument; the inspected products are sent to a winding machine for edge trimming, cutting and packaging.

[0053] Furthermore, to ensure the opening effect, the opening process is performed twice. The carding process is carried out on a flatbed carding machine with a feed roller speed of 0.3-0.7 rad / min, a licker-in speed of 400-800 rad / min, a cylinder speed of 400-700 rad / min, a doffer speed of 6-9 rad / min, and a web exit speed of 3-6 rad / min. To ensure the carding effect, both P(3HB-LA-3HV) and P(3HB-LA) chopped fibers are carded twice. The feed rate is calculated based on the diameter of the output roller to control the areal density of the carded web. A rotary drum hydroentangling method is used, with the drum speed set to 2-7 m / min and the hydroentangling head pressure set to 20-100 bar. Hydroentangling is performed on both sides. After hydroentangling, the resulting fiber web is sent to an oven at 120-140℃ for drying and hot air consolidation.

[0054] The preparation of 3D-printed plain weave fabric includes the following steps: (1) Drying of raw materials The raw material drying method is the same as step (1) in the preparation process of woven plain fabric.

[0055] (2) Construction of organizational structure model Using 3ds Max software, a fabric structure model for 3D printing was established using NURBS curve modeling, with the transverse and longitudinal mesh densities set to 35 per 10cm.

[0056] (3) Model slicing and layering The Repetier-Host software was used to slice and layer the 3D printed plain weave fabric structure model designed in 3DsMax software in step (2), and the slice outline data was simplified to obtain the outline data of each layer of the printed model. The pre-printing time of the 3D printed plain weave fabric structure model slices was 85 minutes, and the printing layer was 2 layers.

[0057] (4) 3D printing of imitation plain weave fabric The outline of the slices obtained in step (3) is sent to the 3D printer. The 3D printer platform is installed, and the P(LA-HAs) copolymer printing filament is installed. After calibrating and testing the printer, the imitation plain weave fabric is printed. The printing parameters of the 3D printed fabric are: layer thickness 0.2 mm, printing temperature 165℃, printing bed temperature 50℃, printing room temperature 23℃, printing speed 65 mm / s, extrusion speed 110 mm / s, deposition direction 50°, and infill rate 95%.

[0058] Furthermore, the preparation of the superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric disclosed in this invention includes the following steps: I. The preparation steps of the impregnation solution are as follows: (1) Dissolve siloxane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain a mixture of silane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate; the siloxane is one or more of dimethylsiloxane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, 1-(3-mercapto)propyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-isobutylpentacyclo[9.5.1.13,9.15,15.17,13]octasiloxane (mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS), preferably polydimethylsiloxane and mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS, and more preferably mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS. The perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing a long-chain fluoroalkane is one or a combination of two of the following: 2-(perfluorodecyl)ethyl methacrylate, ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl methacrylate, and N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamide ethyl methacrylate. Preferably, it is ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl methacrylate, and more preferably, it is ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate. The solvent is one of tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol. Preferably, it is one of tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and more preferably, it is tetrahydrofuran.

[0059] (2) Add mercaptopropionate and catalyst to solvent, stir evenly at room temperature and under N2 atmosphere, slowly add the mixture from step (1), react at 23±2℃ for 2-4h, after the reaction is completed, remove solvent by vacuum distillation to obtain fluorosilicone resin; the mercaptopropionate is one or a combination of trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), ethylene glycol di(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, and inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate), preferably one or a combination of inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate) and pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, and more preferably inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate). The catalyst is one or a combination of dimethylphenylphosphine and di-tert-butylphenylphosphine, preferably dimethylphenylphosphine, and the weight percentage of the catalyst is 1wt%; the molar ratio of siloxane, perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane and mercaptopropionate is 2:1:8. The solvent is one of tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol, preferably one of tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and more preferably tetrahydrofuran.

[0060] (3) Disperse the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the fluorosilicone resin in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse for 30 min to obtain an impregnation solution. The mass ratio of the nano-titanium dioxide particles to the fluorosilicone resin is 0.5-5.5:94.5-99.5, preferably 3:97. The nano-titanium dioxide particles are one or more of anatase nano-titanium dioxide, rutile nano-titanium dioxide, and brookite nano-titanium dioxide, preferably anatase nano-titanium dioxide. The solvent is one of tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol, preferably tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and more preferably tetrahydrofuran.

[0061] II. The preparation steps of the double-hydrophobic fabric are as follows: (1) Fabric pretreatment: The fabrics (such as non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics and 3D printed fabrics) are ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 min at 23±2℃ respectively, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for drying. (2) The pretreated fabric from step (1) is placed in a plasma discharge device for oxygen plasma treatment; specifically: the dried fabric is placed on the lower electrode plate of the chamber, the chamber door is closed, a vacuum is drawn, and then various parameters are set to start the discharge. After the reaction is completed, the reaction chamber is opened and the sample is taken out for use after the pressure returns to atmospheric pressure. The pressure during the oxygen plasma treatment is 50-350 Pa, and the oxygen plasma treatment time is 60-180 s. Preferably, the oxygen plasma treatment pressure is 200 Pa and the plasma treatment time is 120 s. This invention performs plasma treatment on the fabric surface to improve its surface roughness, thereby providing more and more uniform bonding sites for the subsequent super-hydrophobic coating, so that the super-hydrophobic coating is uniformly attached to the fabric surface.

[0062] (3) Preparation process of double hydrophobic coating: The fabric treated with oxygen plasma is immersed in the impregnation solution for 1-5 minutes and then taken out. The excess solution is squeezed out on the roller with a roll rate of 60-80%. The fabric is then placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60-80℃ for 30-90 minutes. The mass fraction of the impregnation solution is 2-8wt%, preferably 6wt%.

[0063] III. The preparation steps of superhydrophobic fabrics are as follows: Disperse fluorosilane in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse for 30-60 minutes at room temperature to form a transparent viscous solution. Place the solution in a sealed container for later use. Place the fabric from step (3) in the sealed container, evacuate the vacuum, and then heat it to 100-140°C. Perform chemical vapor deposition under vacuum conditions to obtain the superhydrophobic fabric. The fluorosilane is one or more of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, and octaheptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane, preferably octaheptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane. The solvent is one or more of 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecylfluorooctane. Preferably, it is a combination of one or two of ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate and 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and more preferably ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate; the fluorosilane has a weight fraction of 10-60 wt% in the solvent.

[0064] In constructing micro / nano surface roughness structures, this invention employs two measures. Firstly, it utilizes an oxygen plasma treatment method combined with nano-titanium dioxide deposition on the fabric surface. Oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric surface increases its surface roughness, forming micro / nano surface roughness structures. This not only provides more and more uniform bonding sites for subsequent superhydrophobic and amphoteric treatments, but also ensures that the superhydrophobic and amphoteric coating adheres uniformly to the fabric surface.

[0065] On the other hand, this invention selects anatase-type nano-titanium dioxide with high photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and antibacterial and antiviral reactivity. By ultrasonically dispersing nano-titanium dioxide in fluororesin, nano-titanium dioxide nanoparticles are deposited on the fabric surface to form a micro / nano surface rough structure, which increases the amphoteric properties of the fabric surface. Moreover, these micro-convex nano-titanium dioxide particles are coated on the fabric surface by the amphoteric fluororesin, which not only improves the surface roughness of the fabric and provides a larger specific surface area, but also reduces the surface energy of the fabric, which is beneficial for constructing a superamphoteric surface.

[0066] In constructing low surface energy materials, this invention employs a method combining siloxanes and perfluoroalkyl acrylates containing long-chain fluoroalkanes to design a novel fluorosilicone superhydrophobic coating. Based on this, a CVD method is used to composite the fluorosilicone superhydrophobic coating with other low surface energy materials, constructing a highly durable, self-healing superhydrophobic surface on the treated fabric surface. This solves the problems of cumbersome synthesis processes, low strength, poor adhesion, and significant decrease in self-healing efficiency of current fluorinated functional polymers with increasing repair frequency.

[0067] This invention utilizes 1-(3-mercapto)propyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-isobutylpentacyclo[9.5.1.13,9.15,15.17,13]octasiloxane (also known as mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS) and inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate) to successfully synthesize fluoropolymers with low surface energy by reacting the -SH groups (thiol groups) on the molecular structures with the olefin double bonds on ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate. Based on this, the fluoropolymer coating, after CVD treatment with octaheptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, can significantly increase the fluorocarbon chain density, providing excellent superhydrophobic stability to the surface layer. Furthermore, the internal fluoropolymer coating's reinforced cross-linking network endows the coating with excellent abrasion resistance and interfacial bonding strength. When the surface of the superhydrophobic coating is damaged, the surface energy substance ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate penetrates into the gaps between the fluororesin coating grids, diffuses into the interior of the fluororesin coating, and firmly bonds with the terminal -OH and terminal -SH of the nodes. The coating then forms a whole, which enables the coating to maintain low surface energy characteristics to the greatest extent on the new surface after damage, giving the superhydrophobic coating strong self-healing properties.

[0068] The superhydrophobic and biodegradable fabric prepared by this invention can be applied in the fields of medical protection, industrial protection, daily consumer goods, and outdoor sports. Specifically, the medical protection field includes surgical gowns, surgical curtains, medical bedding, ward isolation curtains, instrument covers, bed rails, masks, surgical caps, shoe covers, protective clothing, sanitary napkins, panty liners, and diapers. The industrial protection field includes protection for the chemical industry, electronics industry, food processing industry, and special working environments. The daily consumer goods field includes clothing applications, home furnishing applications, consumer electronics, and accessories. The outdoor sports field includes outdoor sportswear, outdoor sports accessories, tents and tarps, sleeping bags and outdoor bedding, and outdoor backpacks.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0070] Unless otherwise specified, the techniques or conditions described in the following examples shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field, or in accordance with the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased through legitimate channels.

[0071] P(3HB-LA) copolymer, LA molar percentage 11 mol%, weight average molecular weight M w =1.9×10 5 Purchased from Beijing Microstructure Workshop Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0072] P(3HB-LA) copolymer, LA molar percentage 20 mol%, weight average molecular weight M w =1.85×10 5 Purchased from Beijing Microstructure Workshop Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0073] P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer, LA molar percentage 7 mol%, 3HV molar percentage 2 mol%, weight average molecular weight M w =1.8×10 5 Purchased from Beijing Microstructure Workshop Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0074] P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer, with LA molar percentage of 8 mol% and 3HV molar percentage of 11 mol%, weight-average molecular weight Mw = 1.87 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Purchased from Beijing Microstructure Workshop Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0075] PLA, grade FY801, with a melt flow index (MFR) of 4 g / 10 min (190℃ / 2.16 kg) and a melting point of 175℃, was purchased from Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0076] P3HB (poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)), brand name ENMATY3000, has a melt flow index (MFR) of 3 g / 10 min (190℃ / 2.16 kg) and a melting point of 177℃. It was purchased from Ningbo Tianan Biomaterials Co., Ltd.

[0077] Example 1 A super-hydrophobic biodegradable woven plain weave fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA) copolymer with a LA molar percentage of 11 mol%. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn for producing loosely woven fabrics Step 1: Drying the raw materials The first step is forced-air drying, where the P(3HB-LA) copolymer raw material is dried in a 70℃ forced-air oven for 4 hours. The second step is vacuum drying, where the pre-dried raw material is transferred to a 90℃ vacuum oven for 24 hours. The vacuum level is controlled above -0.095MPa. The moisture content is tested using a moisture meter, and the moisture content of the dried raw material is controlled below 35ppm. The dried P(3HB-LA) copolymer raw material is stored in a double-layered plastic bag with an inner polyethylene film bag and an outer aluminum foil bag.

[0078] Step 2: Preparation of FDY long yarn The P(3HB-LA) resin, after passing the drying test in step one, is injected into a screw extruder via a metering pump for melt extrusion. The melt then enters the spinning assembly and is extruded through the micro-orifices of the spinneret. The spinning temperature is 130℃-175℃, with the feed section temperature at 140-150℃, the compression section at 150-160℃, and the metering section at 160-175℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated using biphenyl steam, with the temperature controlled at 175℃. The spinneret has 36 orifices, a diameter of 0.12mm, and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 20MPa.

[0079] The filaments ejected through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2-meter-long circulating water system tank at a water temperature of 25°C to obtain nascent fibers.

[0080] The resulting nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 55℃ and an air velocity of 0.5 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 1.0% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 800 m / min, resulting in multiple bundles being bundled into filaments.

[0081] Three guide rollers are used to perform hot drawing and setting of the bundled fiber filaments. GR1 has a drawing speed of 1200 m / min and a heating temperature of 80℃. GR2 has a drawing roller speed of 2500 m / min and a drawing heating temperature of 80℃. GR3 has a drawing roller speed of 2250 m / min and a setting heating temperature controlled at 110℃. A ring blower is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 25℃ and an air velocity of 0.3 m / s.

[0082] The heat-set filament bundles are interlaced using a networker at a pressure of 0.09 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 2500 m / min and the winding tension is 10 cN. Under these conditions, with a total draw ratio of 6, FDY long yarn with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex) is produced.

[0083] After the FDY long yarn is spun off, it is placed for more than 24 hours under the conditions of temperature 23±2℃ and relative humidity 65±5% to adjust the moisture regain of the fiber to a balanced state.

[0084] Step 3: Preparation of Woven Plain Fabric Using an air-jet loom, the FDY long yarn obtained in step two is sequentially processed through weaving preparation, weaving, and finishing processes to produce woven plain fabric.

[0085] Preparation steps: These include the winding process and the warping process. In the winding process, the winding speed is controlled at 1000 m / min, and the winding density is 0.5 g / cm³. 3 The winding process is equipped with an electronic yarn clearer to remove defects and impurities from the yarn. The clearing settings are 175% for short, thick places, 135% for long, thick places, and 60% for thin places. The warping process uses an unwinding tension of 7.5 cN, a guide tension of 4 cN, and a winding tension of 20 cN, with the warp beam winding density controlled at 0.5 g / cm². 3 .

[0086] Weaving process: An air-jet loom is used to prepare the woven fabric. The shedding time is set to 315°, and the shedding height is 45mm. During weft insertion, the main nozzle pressure is 0.3MPa, and the auxiliary nozzle pressure is 0.25MPa. The main nozzle opening time is 75°, and the closing time is 225°; the auxiliary nozzle opening time is 85°, and the closing time is 215°. The unwinding tension is controlled at 3cN. The twill weave has a warp density of 75 threads / cm, a weft density of 75 threads / cm, and a fabric weight of 150g / m². 2 The loom is a general-purpose air-jet type with a speed of 650 revolutions per minute.

[0087] Post-treatment process: In the heat setting process, the setting temperature is 140℃; the setting time is 25 seconds; the setting speed is 35m / min; the overfeed rate is 2.5%; and the weft width is stretched to the specified 250cm. After setting, the required fabric width is 250cm, with a deviation of ≤±1%; the shrinkage rate is ≤3% in the warp direction and ≤3% in the weft direction; the fabric surface is smooth and without creases; the hand feel is soft and there is no obvious sheen.

[0088] (2) Preparation of superhydrophobic biodegradable woven plain fabric Step 1: Preparation of the impregnation solution Weigh mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate according to the specified ratio, dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran, and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0089] A certain amount of inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate) and dimethylphenylphosphine were added sequentially to a reactor, followed by tetrahydrofuran solvent. The mixture was stirred thoroughly at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. A mixture of mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate was slowly added dropwise. The reaction was then carried out at 23±2℃ for 3 hours. After the reaction, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation at a certain temperature to remove the solvent, yielding fluorosilicone resin. Nano-titanium dioxide particles and the prepared fluorosilicone resin were dispersed in a solvent at a weight ratio of 3:97 and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a mass fraction of 6 wt%.

[0090] Step 2: Preparation of the dual-hydrophobic coating a. Pretreatment of woven plain fabric: The fabric to be pretreated is ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use.

[0091] b. Place the clean fabric obtained from the pretreatment in step a on the lower electrode plate of the oxygen plasma treatment instrument chamber, close the chamber door, evacuate, then set the oxygen plasma treatment pressure to 200 Pa and the plasma treatment time to 120 s, and begin the discharge. After the reaction is complete and the pressure returns to atmospheric pressure, open the reaction chamber and remove the sample for later use.

[0092] c. Preparation process of the double hydrophobic coating: The fabric treated with oxygen plasma in step b is immersed in the impregnation solution for 3 minutes and then removed. Excess solution is squeezed out on the rollers, with a roll-out rate of about 70%. Then, the fabric is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C for 60 minutes.

[0093] Step 3: Preparation of super-diffuse fabric Heptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane was dispersed in ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, with a weight fraction of 35 wt%. The dispersion was ultrasonically treated for 45 min at room temperature to form a transparent, viscous solution, which was then placed in a sealed container for later use. The fabric obtained in step three was similarly placed in the same sealed container, evacuated, and then heated to 120°C. Vacuum vapor deposition was then performed for 45 min to obtain the super double-woven plain weave fabric.

[0094] Example 2 A super-hydrophobic biodegradable woven plain weave fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with 7 mol% LA and 2 mol% 3HV. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn for producing loosely woven fabrics Step 1: Drying of raw materials is the same as in Example 1. Step 2: Preparation of FDY long yarn The P(3HB-LA-3HV) resin, after passing the drying test in step one, is injected into a screw extruder via a metering pump for melt extrusion. The melt then enters the spinning assembly and is extruded through the micro-orifices of the spinneret. The spinning temperature is 130℃-165℃, with the feed section temperature at 130-145℃, the compression section at 145-155℃, and the metering section at 155-165℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated using biphenyl steam, with the temperature controlled at 165℃. The spinneret has 36 orifices, a diameter of 0.12mm, and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 18MPa.

[0095] The filaments ejected through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2-meter-long circulating water system tank at a water temperature of 25°C to obtain nascent fibers.

[0096] The resulting nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 65℃ and an air velocity of 0.4 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 1.5% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 600 m / min, resulting in multiple bundles being bundled into filaments.

[0097] Three guide rollers are used to perform hot drawing and setting of the bundled fiber filaments. GR1 has a drawing speed of 1000 m / min and a heating temperature of 90℃. GR2 has a drawing roller speed of 2000 m / min and a stretching heating temperature of 100℃. GR3 has a drawing roller speed of 2250 m / min and a setting heating temperature controlled at 120℃. A ring blower is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 25℃ and an air velocity of 0.2 m / s.

[0098] The heat-set filament bundles are interlaced using a networker at a pressure of 0.06 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 2000 m / min and the winding tension is 7 cN. Under these conditions, with a total draw ratio of 7, FDY long yarn with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex) is produced.

[0099] After the FDY long yarn is spun off, it is placed for more than 24 hours under the conditions of temperature 23±2℃ and relative humidity 65±5% to adjust the moisture regain of the fiber to a balanced state.

[0100] Step 3: Preparation of Woven Plain Fabric Using an air-jet loom, the FDY long yarn obtained in step two is sequentially processed through weaving preparation, weaving, and finishing processes to produce woven plain fabric.

[0101] Preparation processes include winding and warping. In the winding process, the winding speed is controlled at 1200 m / min, and the winding density is 0.55 g / cm³. 3 The winding process is equipped with an electronic yarn clearer to remove defects and impurities from the yarn. The clearing settings are 200% for short, thick places, 150% for long, thick places, and 70% for thin places. In the warping process, the unwinding tension is 10cN, the guide tension is 5cN, and the winding tension is 25cN. The warp beam winding density is controlled at 0.55g / cm². 3 .

[0102] Weaving process: An air-jet loom is used to prepare the woven fabric. The shedding time is set to 320°, and the shedding height is 50mm. During weft insertion, the main nozzle pressure is 0.35MPa, and the auxiliary nozzle pressure is 0.3MPa. The main nozzle opening time is 80°, and the closing time is 230°; the auxiliary nozzle opening time is 90°, and the closing time is 220°. The unwinding tension is controlled at 4cN. The twill weave has a warp density of 80 threads / cm, a weft density of 80 threads / cm, and a fabric weight of 150g / m². 2 The loom is a general-purpose air-jet type with a speed of 700 revolutions per minute.

[0103] Post-treatment process: The heat setting temperature is 150℃; the setting time is 30 seconds; the setting speed is 40m / min; the overfeed rate is 3%; and the weft width is stretched to the specified 250cm. After heat setting, the fabric width must reach the specified 250cm, with a deviation of ≤±1%; the shrinkage rate is ≤3% in the warp direction and ≤3% in the weft direction; the fabric surface is smooth and free of creases; and the hand feel is soft with no obvious sheen.

[0104] (2) The preparation of the superhydrophobic biodegradable woven plain fabric is the same as in Example 1. Example 3 A superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA) copolymer with a LA molar percentage of 11 mol%. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Production of biodegradable nonwoven fabric from chopped yarn Step 1: Drying of raw materials is the same as in Example 1. Step 2: Preparation of chopped yarn The FDY long yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Then, the prepared FDY long yarn was cut into P(3HB-LA) short-cut fibers with a monofilament density of 1.39 dtex and a length of 38 mm by a cutting mechanism.

[0105] Step 3: Preparation of nonwoven fabric The chopped fibers obtained in step two are opened twice. Then, the fibers are processed into single-fiber form using a carding machine, which is then carded into a uniform fiber web. The carding process is carried out on a flatbed carding machine with the following settings: feed roller speed 0.5 rad / min, licker-in speed 600 rad / min, cylinder speed 550 rad / min, doffer speed 7.5 rad / min, and web exit speed 4.5 rad / min. To ensure carding effect, the P(3HB-LA) chopped fibers are carded twice. Next, the fiber web is fed into a rotary drum hydroentangling machine for reinforcement. The drum speed is set to 4.5 m / min, and the hydroentangling head pressure is set to 60 bar. Hydroentangling is performed on both sides. After hydroentangling, the resulting fiber web is sent to an oven at 130℃ for drying and hot air reinforcement. Products coming out of the oven are inspected for defects and metals by an online testing instrument; after inspection, the products are sent to a winding machine for edge trimming, cutting and winding to obtain biodegradable nonwoven fabric.

[0106] (2) The preparation of the superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric is the same as in Example 1.

[0107] Example 4 A superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with 7 mol% LA and 2 mol% 3HV. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Production of biodegradable nonwoven fabric from chopped yarn Step 1: Drying of raw materials is the same as in Example 1. Step 2: Preparation of chopped yarn The FDY long yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. Then, the FDY long yarn prepared above was cut into P(3HB-LA-3HV) short-cut fibers with a monofilament density of 1.39 dtex and a length of 38 mm by a cutting mechanism.

[0108] Step 3: Preparation of nonwoven fabric The chopped fibers obtained in step two are opened twice. Then, the fibers are processed into single-fiber forms using a carding machine, which is then carded into a uniform fiber web. The carding process is carried out on a flatbed carding machine with a feed roller speed of 0.3 rad / min, a licker-in speed of 400 rad / min, a cylinder speed of 400 rad / min, a doffer speed of 6 rad / min, and a web exit speed of 3 rad / min. To ensure carding effect, the P(3HB-LA) chopped fibers are carded twice. Next, the fiber web is fed into a rotary drum hydroentangling machine for reinforcement. The drum speed is set to 2 m / min, and the hydroentangling head pressure is set to 20 bar. Hydroentangling reinforcement is performed on both sides. After hydroentangling reinforcement, the resulting fiber web is sent to an oven at 120℃ for drying and hot air reinforcement. The product exiting the oven is inspected for defects and metals using an online inspection instrument. The inspected product is then sent to a winding machine for edge trimming, cutting, and winding to obtain biodegradable nonwoven fabric.

[0109] (2) The preparation of the superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric is the same as in Example 1.

[0110] Example 5 Superhydrophobic biodegradable woven plain fabric was prepared using a blend of P(3HB-LA) with a molar percentage of 11 mol% LA and P(3HB-LA-3HV) with a molar percentage of 7 mol% LA and a molar percentage of 2 mol% 3HV. The weight percentages of P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) were 50 wt% and 50 wt%, respectively. The preparation method of the woven plain fabric included the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn for producing loosely woven fabrics Step 1: Drying the raw materials The first step was forced-air drying, where the P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer raw materials were placed in a 70℃ forced-air oven and dried for 4 hours. The second step was vacuum drying, where the pre-dried raw materials were transferred to a 90℃ vacuum oven and dried for 24 hours. The vacuum level was controlled above -0.095MPa. The moisture content was measured using a moisture meter, and the moisture content of the dried raw materials was controlled below 35ppm. The dried P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer raw materials were stored in double-layered plastic bags with an inner polyethylene film bag and an outer aluminum foil bag.

[0111] Step 2: Preparation of FDY long yarn The P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) resins, after passing the drying test in step one, are injected into a screw extruder at a 1:1 mass ratio for melt extrusion. The melt then enters the spinning assembly and is extruded through the micro-orifices of the spinneret. The spinning temperature is 130℃-175℃, with the extruder's feed section temperature at 140-150℃, the compression section temperature at 150-160℃, and the metering section temperature at 160-175℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated using biphenyl steam, with the temperature controlled at 175℃. The spinneret has 36 orifices, a diameter of 0.12mm, and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 12MPa.

[0112] The filaments ejected through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2-meter-long circulating water system tank at a water temperature of 25°C to obtain nascent fibers.

[0113] The resulting nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 45℃ and an air velocity of 0.6 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 0.5% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 1000 m / min, resulting in multiple bundles being bundled into filaments.

[0114] Three guide rollers are used to perform hot drawing and setting of the bundled fiber filaments. GR1 has a drawing speed of 1400 m / min and a heating temperature of 70℃. GR2 has a drawing roller speed of 3000 m / min and a stretching heating temperature of 60℃. GR3 has a drawing roller speed of 3000 m / min and a setting heating temperature controlled at 100℃. A ring blower is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 25℃ and an air velocity of 0.4 m / s.

[0115] The heat-set filament bundles are interlaced using a networker at a pressure of 0.12 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 3000 m / min and the winding tension is 12 cN. Under these conditions, with a total draw ratio of 5, FDY long yarn with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex) is produced.

[0116] After the FDY long yarn is spun off, it is placed for more than 24 hours under the conditions of temperature 23±2℃ and relative humidity 65±5% to adjust the moisture regain of the fiber to a balanced state.

[0117] Step 3: Preparation of Woven Plain Fabric Using an air-jet loom, the FDY long yarn obtained in step two is sequentially processed through weaving preparation, weaving, and finishing processes to produce woven plain fabric.

[0118] Preparation steps: These include the winding process and the warping process. In the winding process, the winding speed is controlled at 800 m / min, and the winding density is 0.45 g / cm³. 3 The winding process is equipped with an electronic yarn clearer to remove defects and impurities from the yarn. The clearing settings are 150% for short, thick places, 120% for long, thick places, and 50% for thin places. The warping process uses an unwinding tension of 5cN, a guiding tension of 5cN, and a winding tension of 15cN, with the warp beam winding density controlled at 0.45g / cm². 3 .

[0119] Weaving process: An air-jet loom is used to prepare the woven fabric. The shedding time is set to 310°, and the shedding height is 40mm. During weft insertion, the main nozzle pressure is 0.25MPa, and the auxiliary nozzle pressure is 0.2MPa. The main nozzle opening time is 70°, and the closing time is 220°; the auxiliary nozzle opening time is 80°, and the closing time is 210°. The unwinding tension is controlled at 2cN. The twill weave has a warp density of 60 ends / cm, a weft density of 80 ends / cm, and a fabric weight of 150g / m². 2 The loom is a general-purpose air-jet type with a speed of 600 revolutions per minute.

[0120] Post-treatment process: The heat setting temperature is 130℃; the setting time is 20 seconds; the setting speed is 30m / min; the overfeed rate is 2%; and the weft width is stretched to the specified 250cm. After heat setting, the fabric width must reach the specified 250cm, with a deviation of ≤±1%; the shrinkage rate is ≤3% in the warp direction and ≤3% in the weft direction; the fabric surface is smooth and free of creases; and the hand feel is soft with no obvious sheen.

[0121] (2) Preparation of superhydrophobic biodegradable woven plain fabric Step 1: Preparation of the impregnation solution Weigh mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate according to the specified ratio, dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran, and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0122] A certain amount of inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate) and dimethylphenylphosphine were added sequentially to a reactor, followed by tetrahydrofuran solvent. The mixture was stirred thoroughly at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. A mixture of mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate was slowly added dropwise. The reaction was then carried out at 23±2℃ for 4 hours. After the reaction, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation at a certain temperature to remove the solvent, yielding fluorosilicone resin. Nano-titanium dioxide particles and the prepared fluorosilicone resin were dispersed in a solvent at a weight ratio of 3:97 and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a total mass fraction of 8 wt%.

[0123] Step 2: Preparation of the dual-hydrophobic coating a. Pretreatment of woven plain fabric: The fabric to be pretreated is ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use.

[0124] b. Place the clean fabric obtained from the pretreatment in step a on the lower electrode plate of the oxygen plasma treatment instrument chamber, close the chamber door, evacuate, then set the oxygen plasma treatment pressure to 350 Pa and the plasma treatment time to 60 s, and begin the discharge. After the reaction is complete and the pressure returns to atmospheric pressure, open the reaction chamber and remove the sample for later use.

[0125] c. Preparation process of the double hydrophobic coating: The fabric treated with oxygen plasma in step b is immersed in the impregnation solution for 5 minutes and then removed. Excess solution is squeezed out on the rollers, with a roll-out rate of about 60%. Then, the fabric is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 90 minutes.

[0126] Step 3: Preparation of super-diffuse fabric Heptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane was dispersed in ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, with a weight fraction of 60 wt%. The dispersion was ultrasonically treated for 60 min at room temperature to form a transparent, viscous solution, which was then placed in a sealed container for later use. The fabric obtained in step three was similarly placed in the same sealed container, evacuated, and then heated to 140°C. Vacuum vapor deposition was then performed for 60 min to obtain a super double-woven plain weave fabric.

[0127] Example 6 A superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric was prepared using a blend of P(3HB-LA) with a LA molar percentage of 11 mol% and P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with a LA molar percentage of 7 mol% and a 3HV molar percentage of 2 mol%, wherein the weight percentages of P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) were 50 wt% and 50 wt%, respectively. The nonwoven fabric preparation method included the following steps: (1) Production of biodegradable nonwoven fabric from chopped yarn Step 1: Drying of raw materials is the same as in Example 1. Step 2: Preparation of chopped yarn The FDY long yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. Then, the FDY long yarn prepared above was cut into P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) short fibers with a monofilament density of 1.39 dtex and a length of 38 mm by a cutting mechanism.

[0128] Step 3: Preparation of nonwoven fabric The chopped fibers obtained in step two are opened twice. Then, the fibers are processed into single-fiber forms using a carding machine, which is then carded into a uniform fiber web. The carding process is performed on a flatbed carding machine with a feed roller speed of 0.7 rad / min, a licker-in speed of 800 rad / min, a cylinder speed of 700 rad / min, a doffer speed of 9 rad / min, and a web exit speed of 6 rad / min. To ensure effective carding, the chopped fibers are carded twice. Next, the fiber web is fed into a rotary drum hydroentangling machine for reinforcement. The drum speed is set to 7 m / min, and the hydroentangling head pressure is set to 100 bar. Hydroentangling is performed on both sides. After hydroentangling, the resulting fiber web is placed in an oven at 140℃ for drying and hot air reinforcement. The product exiting the oven is inspected for defects and metal contamination using an online inspection instrument. The inspected product is then sent to a winding machine for edge trimming, cutting, and winding to obtain biodegradable nonwoven fabric.

[0129] (2) Preparation of superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric Step 1: Preparation of the impregnation solution Weigh mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate according to the specified ratio, dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran, and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0130] A certain amount of inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate) and dimethylphenylphosphine were added sequentially to a reactor, followed by tetrahydrofuran solvent. The mixture was stirred thoroughly at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. A mixture of mercaptopropyl isobutyl-POSS and ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate was slowly added dropwise. The reaction was then carried out at 23±2℃ for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the product was subjected to vacuum distillation at a certain temperature to remove the solvent, yielding fluorosilicone resin. Nano-titanium dioxide particles and the prepared fluorosilicone resin were dispersed in a solvent at a weight ratio of 3:97 and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a mass fraction of 4 wt%.

[0131] Step 2: Preparation of the dual-hydrophobic coating a. Pretreatment of woven plain fabric: The fabric to be pretreated is ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use.

[0132] b. Place the clean fabric obtained from the pretreatment in step a on the lower electrode plate of the oxygen plasma treatment instrument chamber, close the chamber door, evacuate, then set the oxygen plasma treatment pressure to 50 Pa and the plasma treatment time to 180 s, and begin the discharge. After the reaction is complete and the pressure returns to atmospheric pressure, open the reaction chamber and remove the sample for later use.

[0133] c. Preparation process of the double hydrophobic coating: The fabric treated with oxygen plasma in step b is immersed in the impregnation solution for 5 minutes and then removed. Excess solution is squeezed out on the rollers, with a roll-out rate of about 60%. Then, the fabric is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 30 minutes.

[0134] Step 3: Preparation of super-diffuse fabric Heptafluorodecyl cage-like polysilsesquioxane was dispersed in ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, with a weight fraction of 10 wt%. The dispersion was ultrasonically treated for 30 min at room temperature to form a transparent, viscous solution, which was then placed in a sealed container for later use. The fabric obtained in step three was similarly placed in the same sealed container, evacuated, and then heated to 100°C. Vacuum vapor deposition was then performed for 60 min to obtain the super-double-layered plain weave fabric.

[0135] Example 7 A superhydrophobic 3D-printed plain weave fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA) copolymer with a LA molar percentage of 20 mol%. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of 3D printed fabric with simulated weft knit fabric Step 1: The drying of raw materials is the same as in Example 1.

[0136] Step Two: Building the Organizational Structure Model Using 3ds Max software, a fabric structure model for 3D printing was established using NURBS curve modeling, with the transverse and longitudinal mesh densities set to 35 per 10cm.

[0137] Step 3: Model Slicing and Layering The Repetier-Host software was used to slice and layer the 3D printed plain weave fabric structure model designed in 3ds Max software in step two, and the slice contour data was simplified to obtain the contour data of each layer of the printed model. The pre-printing time for the 3D printed plain weave fabric structure model slices was 85 minutes, with 2 layers printed.

[0138] Step 4: 3D printing of the imitation plain weave fabric The outline of the slices obtained in step three is sent to the 3D printer. The 3D printer platform is installed, and the P(LA-HAs) copolymer printing filament is installed. After calibrating and testing the printer, the simulated plain weave fabric is printed. The printing parameters for the 3D printed fabric are: layer thickness 0.2 mm, printing temperature 165℃, print bed temperature 50℃, printing room temperature 23℃, printing speed 65 mm / s, extrusion speed 110 mm / s, deposition direction 50°, and infill rate 95%.

[0139] (2) The preparation of the super-dual-hydrophobic 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric is the same as in Example 1, and the super-dual-hydrophobic 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric is obtained.

[0140] Example 8 A superhydrophobic 3D-printed plain weave fabric was prepared using a P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with 8 mol% LA and 11 mol% 3HV. The preparation method of the superhydrophobic 3D-printed plain weave fabric is the same as in Example 7.

[0141] Example 9 A superhydrophobic biodegradable nonwoven fabric was prepared using a blend of P(3HB-LA) with a molar percentage of 20 mol% LA and P(3HB-LA-3HV) copolymer with a molar percentage of 8 mol% LA and a molar percentage of 11 mol% 3HV, wherein the weight percentages of P(3HB-LA) and P(3HB-LA-3HV) were 50 wt% and 50 wt% respectively. The preparation method of the superhydrophobic 3D-printed plain weave fabric was the same as in Example 7.

[0142] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method for biodegradable woven plain fabric using P(3HB-LA) copolymer includes the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn is used to produce sparsely woven fabrics in the same way as in Example 1.

[0143] (2) Preparation of biodegradable woven plain fabric Step 1: The preparation of the impregnation solution is the same as Step 1 in Example 1(2).

[0144] Step 2: Preparation of the dual-hydrophobic coating a. Pretreatment of woven plain fabric: The fabric to be pretreated is ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use.

[0145] b. Preparation process of the double hydrophobic coating: The dip coating and roll pressing method is adopted. The cleaned fabric in step a is immersed in the impregnation solution for 3 minutes and then taken out. The excess solution is squeezed out on the rolls, with a roll-out rate of about 70%. Then, the fabric is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C for 60 minutes.

[0146] Step 3: The fabric preparation is the same as step 3 in Example 1(2), that is, the biodegradable woven plain fabric is obtained.

[0147] Comparative Example 2 (1) FDY long yarn is used to produce sparsely woven fabrics in the same way as in Example 1.

[0148] (2) Preparation of biodegradable woven plain fabric Step 1: The preparation of the impregnation solution is the same as Step 1 in Example 1(2).

[0149] Step 2: Preparation of the dual-hydrophobic coating a. Pretreatment of woven plain fabric: The fabric to be pretreated is ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use.

[0150] b. Place the clean fabric obtained from the pretreatment in step a on the lower electrode plate of the oxygen plasma treatment instrument chamber, close the chamber door, evacuate, then set the oxygen plasma treatment pressure to 200 Pa and the plasma treatment time to 120 s, and begin the discharge. After the reaction is complete and the pressure returns to atmospheric pressure, open the reaction chamber and remove the sample for later use.

[0151] c. Preparation process of the double hydrophobic coating: Using the dip coating and roll pressing method, the fabric treated with oxygen plasma in step b is immersed in the impregnation solution for 3 minutes and then taken out. The excess solution is squeezed out on the rolls, with a roll-out rate of about 70%. Then, the fabric is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C for 60 minutes to obtain the biodegradable woven plain fabric.

[0152] Comparative Example 3 The preparation method for biodegradable woven plain fabric using PLA / P3HB blends includes the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn for producing loosely woven fabrics Step 1: Drying PLA and P3HB raw materials PLA and P3HB raw materials were dried in a 70℃ forced-air oven for 24 hours for later use.

[0153] Step 2: Preparation of FDY long yarn After drying, PLA and P3HB were mixed with antioxidants at a weight ratio of 9:43 and then extruded and granulated in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the twin-screw extrusion was 150-200℃, with the temperature increasing only once from the feed port to the die head. The screw speed of the twin-screw extruder was 300 rad / min. The antioxidants were 0.2 wt% 1010 and 0.1 wt% 168. After cooling in a water tank, forming into strands, and pelletizing, the PLA / P3HB blend was obtained.

[0154] Step 3: Drying the PLA / P3HB blend The first step is forced-air drying, where the PLA / P3HB blend is dried in a 70℃ forced-air oven for 4 hours. The second step is vacuum drying, where the pre-dried raw material is transferred to a 90℃ vacuum oven for 24 hours. The vacuum level is controlled above -0.095MPa. The moisture content is tested using a moisture meter, and the moisture content of the dried raw material is controlled below 35ppm. The dried PLA / P3HB blend raw material is stored in a double-layered plastic bag with an inner polyethylene film bag and an outer aluminum foil bag.

[0155] Step 4: Preparation of FDY long yarn The PLA / P3HB blend, after passing the drying test in step one, is injected into a screw extruder via a metering pump for melt extrusion. The melt then enters the spinning assembly and is extruded through the micro-orifices of the spinneret. The spinning temperature is 170℃-200℃, with the feed section temperature at 170-180℃, the compression section at 180-190℃, and the metering section at 190-200℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated using biphenyl steam, with the temperature controlled at 200℃. The spinneret has 36 orifices, a diameter of 0.12mm, and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 20MPa.

[0156] The filaments ejected through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2-meter-long circulating water system tank at a water temperature of 25°C to obtain nascent fibers.

[0157] The resulting nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 55℃ and an air velocity of 0.5 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 1.0% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 800 m / min, resulting in multiple bundles being bundled into filaments.

[0158] Three guide rollers are used to perform hot drawing and setting of the bundled fiber filaments. GR1 has a drawing speed of 1200 m / min and a heating temperature of 80℃. GR2 has a drawing roller speed of 2500 m / min and a drawing heating temperature of 80℃. GR3 has a drawing roller speed of 2250 m / min and a setting heating temperature controlled at 110℃. A ring blower is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 25℃ and an air velocity of 0.3 m / s.

[0159] The heat-set filament bundles are interlaced using a networker at a pressure of 0.09 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 2500 m / min and the winding tension is 10 cN. Under these conditions, with a total draw ratio of 6, FDY long yarn with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex) is produced.

[0160] After the FDY fibers come off the machine, they are placed for more than 24 hours under conditions of 20±2℃ and 65±5% relative humidity to allow the moisture regain of the fibers to reach a balanced state.

[0161] Step 3: The preparation of woven plain fabric is the same as step 3 in Example 1(1).

[0162] (2) The preparation of biodegradable woven plain fabric is the same as step (2) in Example 1.

[0163] Comparative Example 4 Biodegradable woven plain fabric was prepared using PLA / P(3HB-3HV) blends. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) FDY long yarn for producing loosely woven fabrics Step 1: Drying of PLA and P(3HB-3HV) raw materials PLA and P(3HB-3HV) raw materials were dried in a 70℃ forced-air oven for 24 hours for later use.

[0164] Step 2: Preparation of FDY long yarn After drying, PLA and P(3HB-3HV) were mixed with antioxidants at a weight ratio of 5.9:94.1 and then extruded and granulated in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the twin-screw extrusion was 150-185℃, with the temperature increasing only once from the feed port to the die head. The screw speed of the twin-screw extruder was 300 rad / min. The antioxidants were 0.2 wt% 1010 and 0.1 wt% 168. After cooling in a water tank, forming into strands, and pelletizing, a PLA / P(3HB-3HV) blend was obtained.

[0165] Step 3: Drying of PLA / P (3HB-3HV) blend The first step is forced-air drying, where the PLA / P (3HB-3HV) blend is dried in a 70℃ forced-air oven for 4 hours. The second step is vacuum drying, where the pre-dried raw material is transferred to a 90℃ vacuum oven for 24 hours. The vacuum level is controlled above -0.095MPa. The moisture content is tested using a moisture meter, and the moisture content of the dried raw material is controlled below 35ppm. The dried PLA / P (3HB-3HV) blend raw material is stored in a double-layered plastic bag with an inner polyethylene film bag and an outer aluminum foil bag.

[0166] Step 4: Preparation of FDY long yarn The PLA / P3HB blend, after passing the drying test in step one, is injected into a screw extruder via a metering pump for melt extrusion. The melt then enters the spinning assembly and is extruded through the micro-orifices of the spinneret. The spinning temperature is 155℃-185℃, with the feed section temperature at 155-165℃, the compression section at 165-175℃, and the metering section at 175-185℃. The spinning box is heated and insulated using biphenyl steam, with the temperature controlled at 185℃. The spinneret has 36 orifices, a diameter of 0.12mm, and a tolerance of ±0.5μm. The spinning pressure is controlled at 20MPa.

[0167] The filaments ejected through the micro-holes of the spinneret are cooled in a 2-meter-long circulating water system tank at a water temperature of 25°C to obtain nascent fibers.

[0168] The resulting nascent fiber bundles are fed into a ring blower for ventilation and drying, and then oiled using an oil roller. The ring blower is positioned between the water tank and the oil roller, with a blowing temperature of 65℃ and an air velocity of 0.4 m / s. During the bundled oiling process, the oiling amount is 1.5% of the fiber mass, and the oil roller speed is 600 m / min, resulting in multiple bundles being bundled into filaments.

[0169] Three guide rollers are used to perform hot drawing and setting of the bundled fiber filaments. GR1 has a drawing speed of 1000 m / min and a heating temperature of 90℃. GR2 has a drawing roller speed of 2000 m / min and a stretching heating temperature of 100℃. GR3 has a drawing roller speed of 2250 m / min and a setting heating temperature controlled at 120℃. A ring blower is installed between GR3 and the networker, with an air temperature of 25℃ and an air velocity of 0.2 m / s.

[0170] The heat-set filament bundles are interlaced using a networker at a pressure of 0.06 MPa. During winding, the winding speed is 2000 m / min and the winding tension is 7 cN. Under these conditions, with a total draw ratio of 7, FDY long yarn with a linear density of 50D / 36F (monofilament density 1.39 dtex) is produced.

[0171] After the FDY fibers come off the machine, they are placed for more than 24 hours under conditions of 23±2℃ and 65±5% relative humidity to allow the moisture regain of the fibers to reach a balanced state.

[0172] Step 3: The preparation of woven plain fabric is the same as step 3 in Example 2(1).

[0173] (2) The preparation of biodegradable woven plain fabric is the same as step (2) in Example 2.

[0174] Performance testing The performance tests include physical performance tests, material liquid barrier function tests, material resistance to the penetration of infectious agents tests, and superhydrophobic and antihydrophobic performance tests.

[0175] The physical performance tests include longitudinal tensile strength and transverse tensile strength tests, which are conducted in accordance with GB / T42694-2023, with a minimum requirement of transverse and longitudinal tensile strength (≥45N). The material's liquid barrier function test includes tests for water resistance, surface moisture resistance, and resistance to synthetic blood penetration. Water resistance is assessed by hydrostatic pressure testing according to GB / T4744-2012, with a minimum requirement of hydrostatic pressure ≥1.67 kPa (17 cmH2O). Surface moisture resistance is tested according to GB / T4745-2012, with a minimum requirement of an external surface water repellency rating ≥4. Resistance to synthetic blood penetration is tested according to level D in Table 1 of YY / T0700-2008, with a minimum requirement of a synthetic blood penetration resistance rating ≥2.

[0176] The material's resistance to infectious agent penetration is tested, including phage penetration resistance, particle filtration efficiency, moisture permeability, and microbiological index tests. Phage penetration resistance is conducted according to YY / T0700-2008 Phi-X174 phage test method, with a minimum requirement of ≥2 level (penetration pressure ≥1.75 kPa) for blocking contaminating liquid aerosols. Particle filtration efficiency is conducted according to GB19082-2009 Clause 5.7, with a gas flow rate of 15 L / min and NaCl aerosol particles, with a minimum requirement of ≥70% filtration efficiency. Moisture permeability is conducted according to GB / T12704.1-2009, with a minimum requirement of ≥2500 g / (m³). 2 •d); The antibacterial performance test shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B of GB / T15979-2024 and the method of General Chapter 1105 of Part IV of the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, requiring a total microbial count ≤200cfu / g.

[0177] The superhydrophobic and oleophobic performance test includes hydrophobic performance testing and oleophobic performance testing. The superhydrophobic and oleophobic performance test is conducted in accordance with GB / T42694-2023, with minimum requirements of: contact angle θ ≥ 150° and roll-off angle α ≤ 10°.

[0178] The biodegradability test was conducted in accordance with GB / T 19277.1-2012, and the test index was expressed as the percentage of biodegradation, Dt (%).

[0179] The reusability performance test is based on YY / T1799-2020 "Technical Requirements for Reusable Medical Protective Clothing". Through simulated actual washing and disinfection cycles and retesting of key performance indicators, it verifies that the fabric still safely meets the requirements for protection, physical performance, and comfort after multiple uses. It requires passing at least 50 standard washing and disinfection cycles, with a performance retention rate of ≥80% for key indicators after washing and disinfection, and no single indicator falling below the minimum standard limit.

[0180] The reusable performance testing process includes sample preparation, execution of a standard washing and disinfection cycle, and performance retesting.

[0181] Three fabric samples were selected during sample preparation, while one unwashed sample was retained as a blank control. The selected samples were then placed in a standard environment for 24 hours for pretreatment.

[0182] The standard disinfection cycle procedure uses 0.75% peracetic acid. First, the fabric is soaked in the solution for 30 minutes for disinfection, then rinsed three times with purified water for 5 minutes each time, and finally dried at a low temperature. This process is repeated 50 times. After each cycle, the protective suit is inspected for any damage, adhesion, or deformation.

[0183] The performance retest involves testing each of the key properties of the fabric after the standard washing and disinfection cycle has been completed, recording the data, and calculating the performance retention rate.

[0184] The performance test results of the examples are listed in Table 1. The performance test results of Examples 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 after 50 cycles of standard decontamination are listed in Table 2. The performance test results of Comparative Examples 1-4 are listed in Table 3.

[0185] Table 1 Performance test results of Examples 1-9

[0186] Table 2 Performance test results after 50 cycles of standard decontamination procedure

[0187] Table 3 Performance test results of Comparative Examples 1-4

[0188] The products obtained in Examples 1, 2, and 5 of this invention are woven plain weave fabrics; the products obtained in Examples 3, 4, and 6 are spunlace nonwoven fabrics; and the products obtained in Examples 7 and 8 are 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabrics. As shown in the performance test results in Table 1, the contact angle θ of all fabrics—woven plain weave, spunlace nonwoven, and 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabrics—is greater than 150°, and the roll-off angle α is less than 10°, meeting the requirements for superhydrophobic and hydrophobic fabrics.

[0189] For the super-dual-repellent woven plain weave fabric, Example 1 outperforms Examples 2 and 5 in all physical property tests, material liquid barrier function tests, material penetration resistance tests, and super-dual-repellent performance tests. Example 1 is the best embodiment of the woven plain weave fabric of this invention. For the spunlace nonwoven fabric, Example 3 outperforms Examples 4 and 6. Example 3 is the best embodiment of the spunlace nonwoven fabric of this invention. For the 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabric, Example 7 outperforms Examples 8 and 9. Example 8 is the best embodiment of the 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabric of this invention.

[0190] Furthermore, performance tests conducted on the woven plain weave fabric and 3D-printed imitation plain weave fabric obtained by this invention after 50 standard washing and disinfection cycles showed that the water contact angle θ ≥ 120°, and the water roll-off angle α ≤ 20°; the oil contact angle θ ≥ 100°, and the oil roll-off angle α ≤ 20°. Simultaneously, the physical properties, liquid barrier function, and penetration resistance of infectious agents all maintained a retention rate of over 80%, and all individual indicators exceeded the minimum standard limits. This indicates that the plain weave woven fabric obtained by this invention is a reusable and highly self-healing super-diffusive fabric, meeting the requirements for reusable fabrics.

[0191] Comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, the difference is that Comparative Example 1 omitted the oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric surface in step two of preparing the woven plain weave fabric. As can be seen from Table 1 (Example 1) and Table 3 (Comparison 1), the contact angles of oil and water in Comparative Example 1 during the superhydrophobic and anti-repellent tests were both less than 150°, while the roll-off angles of water and oil were both greater than 10°, failing to meet the requirements for superhydrophobic and anti-repellent properties. Furthermore, the liquid barrier properties and the ability to block the penetration of infectious agents in Comparative Example 1 were significantly reduced, and the physical properties also decreased slightly. This indicates that oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric surface in step two of preparing the woven plain weave fabric is an indispensable and crucial step. Oxygen plasma treatment of the fabric surface increases its surface roughness, forming a micro / nano surface rough structure. This not only provides more and more uniform binding sites for subsequent superhydrophobic and anti-repellent treatment, but also allows the superhydrophobic and anti-repellent coating to adhere evenly to the fabric surface, resulting in a fabric that achieves an ideal balance in physical properties, liquid barrier function, ability to block the penetration of infectious agents, and superhydrophobic and anti-repellent properties.

[0192] Comparative Example 2 is compared with Example 1, except that Comparative Example 1 omitted the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) surface treatment step in the second step of preparing the woven plain fabric. As can be seen from Table 1 comparing the performance of Example 1 and Table 3 comparing Comparative Example 2, the superhydrophobic and anti-reactive test of Comparative Example 2 failed, failing to meet the requirements for superhydrophobic and anti-reactive properties, and its material properties also decreased significantly. This indicates that CVD surface treatment in the second step of preparing the woven plain fabric is an indispensable and crucial step. In this invention, CVD is used to composite the fluorosilicone resin superhydrophobic and anti-reactive coating with other low surface energy materials, constructing a highly durable, self-healing superhydrophobic and anti-reactive surface on the treated fabric. This solves the defects of low strength and poor adhesion of current fluorinated functional polymers, resulting in a superhydrophobic fabric with balanced overall performance.

[0193] Comparative Example 3 was compared with Example 1. The polymer raw materials used in Comparative Example 3 were PLA and P3HB, and their weight ratio was the same as that of HB and LA in the P(3HB-LA) copolymer used in Example 1. Comparative Example 4 was compared with Example 2. The polymer raw materials used in Comparative Example 4 were PLA and P(3HB-3HV), and the weight ratio of LA, HB, and HV was the same as that of the P(3HB-LA-HV) copolymer used in Example 2. As can be seen from the performance of Examples 1 and 2 in Table 1 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 in Table 3, although Comparative Examples 3 and 4 both met the requirements of superhydrophobicity, their other properties were lower than those of Examples 1 and 2. This is because PLA and P3HB are different systems during melt blending, and PLA and P(3HB-3HV) are also incompatible systems. The resulting fibers will have rough cross-sections or exhibit a sea-island structure, and the components of the blend will spontaneously separate, resulting in poor performance. Therefore, the resin used for spinning should be a copolymer of P(3HB-LA) or P(3HB-LA-HV), rather than a blend of PLA and PHAs.

[0194] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superhydrophobic and biodegradable fabric, characterized in that: The biodegradable material in the biodegradable fabric is a poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer, and the fabric in the biodegradable fabric is one or more of woven fabric, non-woven fabric and 3D printed fabric. The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid), a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid), or a copolymer of poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid). A combination of one or more of the following: 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-4-hydroxybutyric acid-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers), poly(5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-3-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-5-hydroxyvalerate-lactic acid copolymers, poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid copolymers), and poly(3-hydroxypropionic acid-3-hydroxyhexanoate-lactic acid copolymers).

2. The superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The woven fabric is one or both of woven fabric and knitted fabric; the woven fabric is a combination of one or more of woven plain weave fabric, woven twill weave fabric, woven satin weave fabric and jacquard fabric. The nonwoven fabric is one or a combination of multiple types of spunbond nonwoven fabric, thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, hot-air nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric, and needle-punched nonwoven fabric. The 3D printed fabric is one or both of the following: 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric and 3D printed imitation weft plain knit fabric.

3. The superhydrophobic and biodegradable fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The woven fabric is a plain weave fabric made from long fibers; the nonwoven fabric is a spunlace nonwoven fabric made from chopped fibers; and the 3D printed fabric is a 3D printed imitation plain weave fabric.

4. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic biodegradable fabric according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Fabrics were prepared using poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymers, and then double-hydrophobic fabrics were obtained by dip coating and rolling using an impregnation solution. Finally, super-double-hydrophobic fabrics were obtained by chemical vapor deposition.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main steps for preparing the fabric using the poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer are as follows: The poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is subjected to forced air drying and vacuum drying in sequence. The moisture content of the dried poly(lactic acid-hydroxy fatty acid) copolymer is controlled below 35 ppm. It is then prepared into fibers or a tissue structure model is established by 3D printing. The fabric is obtained by preparing the fibers or by printing the tissue structure model by 3D printing.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the impregnation solution are as follows: (1) Dissolve siloxane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane in a solvent and disperse by ultrasonication to obtain a mixture of silane and perfluoroalkyl acrylate. (2) Add mercaptopropionate and catalyst to solvent, stir evenly at room temperature and under N2 atmosphere, slowly add the mixture from step (1), react at 23±2℃ for 2-4h, and after the reaction is completed, obtain fluorosilicone resin by vacuum distillation. (3) Disperse the nano-titanium dioxide particles and the fluorosilicone resin in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse them to obtain an impregnation solution.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the siloxane is one or more of dimethylsiloxane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 1-(3-mercapto)propyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-isobutylpentacyclo[9.5.1.13,9.15,15.17,13]octasiloxane (mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS), and the perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing a long-chain fluoroalkane is one of 2-(perfluorodecyl)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl acrylate, 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl methacrylate, and N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamide ethyl methacrylate. Or a combination of two; in step (2), the mercaptopropionate is one or more of trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), ethylene glycol di(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, and inositol hexa(mercaptopropionate), and the catalyst is one or two of dimethylphenylphosphine and di-tert-butylphenylphosphine; in step (3), the nano-titanium dioxide particles are one or more of anatase nano-titanium dioxide, rutile nano-titanium dioxide, and brookite nano-titanium dioxide; in steps (1)-(3), the solvent is one of tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the siloxane, the perfluoroalkyl acrylate containing long-chain fluoroalkane, and the mercaptopropionate is 2:1:8, and the weight percentage of the catalyst is 1 wt%; the mass ratio of the nano-titanium dioxide particles to the fluorosilicone resin is 0.5-5.5:94.5-99.

5.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the double-repellent fabric are as follows: (1) The fabric was ultrasonically washed with ethanol and deionized water at 23±2℃, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for later use. (2) The fabric pretreated in step (1) is subjected to oxygen plasma treatment; (3) After soaking the fabric treated with oxygen plasma in the impregnation solution for 1-5 minutes, take it out, squeeze out the excess solution, and then place the fabric in a vacuum drying oven at 60-80℃ for 30-90 minutes. (4) Disperse fluorosilane in a solvent and ultrasonically disperse it for 30-60 minutes at room temperature to form a transparent viscous solution. Place it in a sealed container for later use. Place the fabric from step (3) in the sealed container, evacuate it, and then heat it to 100-140°C. Perform chemical vapor deposition under vacuum conditions to obtain the superhydrophobic fabric.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step (3), the impregnation solution has a mass fraction of 2-8 wt%. In step (4), the fluorosilane is one or more of the following: heptadecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, and octadecylcage polysilsesquioxane. The solvent is one or more of the following: ethyl 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)acrylate, 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecylfluorooctane. The fluorosilane has a weight fraction of 10-60 wt% in the solvent.

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