Fabricated rock-fill dam panel structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-fill dam panel construction, and provides an assembly type rock-fill dam panel structure and a construction method thereof.The assembly type rock-fill dam panel structure comprises prefabricated panels, a surface waterproof structure, an upper waterproof structure, a lower waterproof structure and a monitoring system.The multiple prefabricated panels are sequentially laid on the surface of an upstream cushion layer of a rock-fill dam; each prefabricated panel comprises a panel body and a lower component, the lower components are arranged at the bottom of the panel body, every two adjacent prefabricated panels are arranged in a spaced mode to form a panel seam, and each panel seam comprises a seam opening, a middle seam and a bottom seam; the surface waterproof structure is arranged along the panel seam and covers the seam opening; the upper waterproof structure is arranged in the panel seam to seal the seam opening and the middle seam; the lower waterproof structure is used for sealing the bottom seam, and every two adjacent lower components are attached to form the lower waterproof structure; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the water leakage condition of the fabricated rock-fill dam panel structure. The fabricated rock-fill dam panel structure has the advantages of being high in waterproof performance, high in safety and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rockfill dam panel construction technology, and in particular to a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, concrete-faced rockfill dams are widely used, and their concrete panels are crucial for seepage prevention. Traditional cast-in-place panel construction is greatly constrained by terrain; transportation is difficult in high mountain and canyon areas, and high-altitude operations are frequent, resulting in low efficiency. Furthermore, dam settlement can cause cracks in the rigid panels, and climatic conditions such as high temperatures, extreme cold, and heavy rainfall affect concrete quality. On-site mixing is also prone to contamination, leading to unstable seepage resistance and a significant risk of leakage.

[0003] Prefabricated panels, manufactured in factories, offer advantages such as controllable quality, high construction efficiency, and reduced pollution and costs. However, waterproofing the gaps between panels remains a challenge. These gaps must withstand reservoir water pressure and panel deformation. Existing waterproofing structures often suffer from cracking and peeling due to insufficient material performance and flawed design, leading to leaks over long-term use. Furthermore, current waterproofing systems lack real-time monitoring, making it difficult to detect potential leaks promptly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as low panel construction efficiency, insufficient durability of joint waterproofing structures, and lack of real-time monitoring methods. It achieves multi-layer reliable sealing of joint areas and intelligent sensing of leakage status, thereby improving the safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of rockfill dams.

[0005] The present invention also provides a construction method for a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure.

[0006] This invention provides a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure, comprising: Precast panels, a plurality of precast panels are laid sequentially on the surface of the upstream cushion layer of the rockfill dam. Each precast panel includes a panel body and a lower component. The lower component is located at the bottom of the panel body. Two adjacent precast panels are spaced apart to form a panel joint. The panel joint includes a joint opening, a middle joint and a bottom joint arranged sequentially in its height direction. A waterproof surface structure is provided along the panel seams and covers the seams. An upper waterproof structure is provided in the panel seam to seal the seam opening and the middle seam; The lower waterproof structure is used to seal the bottom seam, and two adjacent lower components are fitted together to form the lower waterproof structure; A monitoring system is used to monitor the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the prefabricated panel includes a connecting module, which is embedded on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the panel, and the upper surface of the connecting module is flush with the upper surface of the panel. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure includes a surface component, which is disposed on the surface of the panel and connected to the connecting module to form the surface waterproof structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the lower member is embedded on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the plate, and the bottom surface of the lower member is flush with the bottom surface of the plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the width direction of the panel seam, the outer peripheral wall of the lower member extends into the bottom seam so that the outer peripheral walls of two adjacent lower members fit together, thereby sealing the bottom seam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the prefabricated panel includes a first prefabricated panel and a second prefabricated panel, the first prefabricated panel and the second prefabricated panel being arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rockfill dam; The lower component includes: The first lower component is disposed on both sides in the width direction of the first prefabricated panel and has a first inclined surface. The angle formed between the first inclined surface and the bottom surface of the first prefabricated panel is a first obtuse angle. The second lower component is located on both sides of the second prefabricated panel in the width direction and has a second inclined surface. The angle formed between the second inclined surface and the bottom surface of the second prefabricated panel is a first acute angle. The first inclined plane and the second inclined plane fit together, and the first obtuse angle and the first acute angle are complementary.

[0011] In some embodiments, the upper waterproof structure includes: The upper caulking structure is located at the joint opening and protrudes upward from the upper surface of the plate. The central grouting structure is located within the central seam.

[0012] In some embodiments, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure includes: The upper anchor is used to fix the connecting module to the plate body; The lower anchor is used to fix the lower component to the plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hardness of the upper caulking structure is less than the hardness of the middle caulking structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, a mounting groove is provided on one of the bottom surface of the waterproof surface structure or the top surface of the connecting module, and the mounting groove is provided on both sides of each panel seam in the width direction; The monitoring system includes a first detector, which is located in the mounting groove to detect water leakage at the panel seam.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a construction method for a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure, comprising: S1. Design the size and shape of the prefabricated panels based on the shape of the upstream surface of the rockfill dam, the thickness of the panels, and the lifting capacity of the installation equipment; S2. Based on the size and shape of the precast panels, design an installation layout scheme for the precast panels on the upstream cushion layer surface of the rockfill dam. S3. The slab is manufactured in the prefabrication plant, and the connecting module is connected to the slab using the upper anchors and the lower component is connected to the slab using the lower anchors. S4. After the plate, the upper anchor, the connecting module, the lower anchor and the lower component are fixed, the prefabricated panel is formed. The prefabricated panel is transported to the rockfill dam construction site in batches according to the construction progress. S5. When installing each layer of the precast panel, a connecting panel is cast in place using a template between the toe slab and the precast panel, and the lower component is installed at the bottom of the connecting panel. S6. Install the second prefabricated panels at intervals along the axial direction of the rockfill dam. S7. Install the first prefabricated panel between two adjacent second prefabricated panels; S8. Install waterproofing structures and monitoring systems in the areas where the precast panels and connecting panels have been constructed; S9. Repeat S5-S8, using a bottom-up, layer-by-layer full-lay method to install the precast panels until they are installed on the top of the rockfill dam, and then treat the joint structure with the dam crest wave wall.

[0016] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure of this invention divides the panel joints between the panels into joint openings, middle joints, and bottom joints, and specifically sets up surface waterproof structures to seal the joint openings, upper waterproof structures to seal the joint openings and middle joints, and lower waterproof structures to block the bottom joints, forming a multi-layered waterproof system. This effectively prevents external water from intruding or reservoir water from seeping down along the panel joints, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure.

[0017] Moreover, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure of the present invention can monitor the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure in real time through a monitoring system, which can detect leakage anomalies in a timely manner. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing waterproofing systems, such as lack of real-time monitoring and difficulty in detecting leakage hazards, thereby facilitating timely maintenance and improving the safety and stability of the rockfill dam.

[0018] Therefore, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure of the present invention has the advantages of high construction efficiency, high waterproof performance, high safety and convenient maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the panel joint of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the joint opening of the panel seam in the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the prefabricated panel of the assembled rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is an installation schematic diagram of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure provided by the present invention installed on a rockfill dam.

[0026] Figure label: 100. Prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure; 101. Precast panel; 102. First precast panel; 103. Second precast panel; 1. Board body; 2. Panel seams; 3. Surface waterproofing structure; 31. Surface components; 32. Connecting modules; 4. Upper waterproofing structure; 41. Upper joint filling structure; 42. Middle joint filling structure; 5. Lower component; 51. First lower component; 52. Second lower component; 6. Part One; 7. Part Two; 8. Upper anchor; 9. Lower anchor; 10. Mounting slot; 11. First detector. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] The following is based on Figures 1 to 6 This invention introduces a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention includes a prefabricated panel 101, a surface waterproof structure 3, an upper waterproof structure 4, a lower waterproof structure, and a monitoring system.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, multiple prefabricated panels 101 are laid sequentially on the surface of the upstream cushion layer of the rockfill dam. Each prefabricated panel 101 includes a panel body 1 and a lower component 5. The lower component 5 is located at the bottom of the panel body 1, and two adjacent panels 1 are spaced apart to form a panel joint 2.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, panel seam 2 includes a seam opening, a middle seam, and a bottom seam arranged sequentially in its height direction.

[0032] The surface waterproofing structure 3 is laid along the panel seam 2 and covers the seam opening. The upper waterproofing structure 4 is provided in the panel seam 2 to seal the seam opening and the middle seam. The lower waterproofing structure is used to seal the bottom seam, and two adjacent lower components 5 are fitted together to form the lower waterproofing structure.

[0033] The monitoring system is used to monitor the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100.

[0034] Precast panel 101 is an assembled concrete panel, prefabricated in a prefabrication plant. Through standardized production and modular design, it can significantly reduce the difficulty of on-site operations and concrete transportation, thereby improving construction efficiency. In the factory, panel 1, lower component 5, and other components are fixed together to form precast panel 101.

[0035] After the precast panels 101 are delivered to the construction site, they are hoisted and laid on the surface of the rockfill dam in sequence. Appropriate gaps are reserved between adjacent precast panels 101 to form vertical panel joints 2. The panel joints 2 are divided into three parts from top to bottom in the height direction: the joint opening, the middle joint, and the bottom joint.

[0036] The surface waterproof structure 3 covers the entire or part of the upper surface of the panel 1 and extends to cover the joint area to achieve a seal at the joint and prevent external water from directly entering the panel joint 2.

[0037] The upper waterproof structure 4 is set inside the panel seam 2, filling or placing it in the seam opening and middle seam area, which serves to seal these two spaces and prevent water from seeping downwards along the panel seam 2.

[0038] The lower component 5 is located at the bottom edge of the panel 1. After the adjacent prefabricated panels 101 are arranged, the outer surfaces of the two lower components 5 are attached together to form a lower waterproof structure, thereby sealing the bottom seam.

[0039] The monitoring system includes multiple detectors to monitor leakage in the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 in real time. The location of the detectors can be designed according to actual requirements; for example, the monitoring system can be installed in the panel joints 2 or in the surface waterproofing structure 3. The monitoring system can promptly detect leakage anomalies, improving the safety of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100.

[0040] Prefabricated panels are manufactured in factories, ensuring quality control, high construction efficiency, and reducing pollution and costs. However, the seams between panels must withstand reservoir water pressure and panel deformation. Existing waterproofing structures often suffer from cracking and peeling due to insufficient material performance and unreasonable design, leading to leakage over long-term use. Furthermore, current waterproofing systems lack real-time monitoring, making it difficult to detect potential leaks in a timely manner.

[0041] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention firstly prefabricates the prefabricated panels 101 in the factory. After the prefabricated panels 101 arrive at the dam, they can be quickly installed using hoisting equipment, thereby reducing the amount of high-altitude work on the dam surface. Moreover, when a prefabricated panel 101 is damaged, it can be quickly disassembled and replaced, thereby avoiding the high cost of "dam repair" of traditional cast-in-place panels and facilitating maintenance.

[0042] Secondly, by dividing the panel joints 2 between adjacent prefabricated panels 101 into joint openings, middle joints, and bottom joints, and specifically setting up surface waterproof structures 3 for sealing joint openings, upper waterproof structures 4 for sealing joint openings and middle joints, and lower waterproof structures for blocking bottom joints, a multi-layered waterproof system with multiple lines of defense is formed. This effectively prevents external water from intruding or reservoir water from seeping down along the panel joints 2, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100.

[0043] Moreover, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of the present invention can monitor the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 in real time through the monitoring system, and can detect leakage abnormalities in a timely manner. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing waterproofing systems, such as lack of real-time monitoring and difficulty in detecting leakage hazards, thereby facilitating timely maintenance and improving the safety and stability of the rockfill dam.

[0044] Therefore, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of the present invention has the advantages of high construction efficiency, high waterproof performance, high safety and convenient maintenance.

[0045] In some embodiments, the prefabricated panel 101 includes a connecting module 32, which is embedded on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the panel 1, and the upper surface of the connecting module 32 is flush with the upper surface of the panel 1.

[0046] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 includes a surface component 31, which is disposed on the surface of the panel 1 and connected to the connecting module 32 to form a surface waterproof structure 3.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the plate 1 includes an upper first part 6 and a lower second part 7, which are integrally cast. The outer periphery of the upper surface of the first part 6 is provided with an upper annular groove. The upper annular groove is an annular groove reserved in the edge area of ​​the upper surface of the first part 6 during the prefabrication process.

[0048] The connecting module 32 is embedded on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the plate 1, that is, the connecting module 32 is located in the upper ring groove.

[0049] After two adjacent prefabricated panels 101 are arranged, a connecting module 32 is provided on both sides of each panel seam 2. The surface component 31 is sealed to the upper surface of the two connecting modules 32 on both sides of each panel seam 2 in order to seal the panel seam 2 between the prefabricated panels 101.

[0050] Optionally, both the surface component 31 and the connecting module 32 are waterproof membranes, and the surface component 31 and the connecting module 32 are sealed together by hot welding technology.

[0051] It should be noted that when the prefabricated panel 101 is manufactured in the prefabrication plant, the panel 1, the lower component 5 and the connecting module 32 are fixed together to form the prefabricated panel 101.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lower component 5 is embedded on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the plate 1, and the bottom surface of the lower component 5 is flush with the bottom surface of the plate 1.

[0053] The bottom surface of the second part 7 is provided with a lower annular groove on its outer periphery. The lower annular groove is an annular groove reserved in the edge area of ​​the bottom surface of the second part 7 during the prefabrication process. The lower component 5 is embedded in the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the plate 1, that is, the lower component 5 is provided in the lower annular groove.

[0054] After two adjacent prefabricated panels 101 are installed in place, the surfaces of the two adjacent lower components 5 are fitted together, thereby sealing the bottom seam.

[0055] The lower component 5 is made of a solid waterproof material with elasticity and compressibility (such as rubber or polymer elastomer).

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the width direction of panel seam 2, the outer peripheral wall of the lower member 5 extends into the bottom seam so that the outer peripheral walls of two adjacent lower members 5 fit together, thereby sealing the bottom seam.

[0057] The width direction of panel seam 2 is perpendicular to the height direction of panel seam 2. The size of the lower component 5 in the width direction of panel seam 2 is larger than the size of the lower ring groove, so that after installation, the outer peripheral wall of the lower component 5 can extend beyond the boundary of the lower ring groove and into the bottom seam area.

[0058] When two adjacent prefabricated panels 101 are assembled in place, the outer peripheral walls of the two adjacent lower components 5 approach each other and fit tightly in the bottom seam area to form a compression sealing structure in order to seal the bottom seam.

[0059] In some embodiments, the prefabricated panel 101 includes a first prefabricated panel 102 and a second prefabricated panel 103, which are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rockfill dam. The lower component 5 includes a first lower component 51 and a second lower component 52. The first lower component 51 is disposed on both sides of the first prefabricated panel 102 in the width direction, and has a first inclined surface. The angle formed between the first inclined surface and the bottom surface of the first prefabricated panel 102 is a first obtuse angle. The second lower component 52 is disposed on both sides of the second prefabricated panel 103 in the width direction, and has a second inclined surface. The angle formed between the second inclined surface and the bottom surface of the second prefabricated panel 103 is a first acute angle. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are fitted together, and the first obtuse angle and the first acute angle are complementary.

[0060] The axial direction of the rockfill dam is... Figure 5 As shown in the left-right direction, the first prefabricated panel 102 and the second prefabricated panel 103 are arranged alternately in the left-right direction.

[0061] The first lower component 51 is located on the left and right sides of the first precast panel 102, and the second lower component 52 is located on the left and right sides of the second precast panel 103. Under the action of the weight of the first precast panel 102 and the water head pressure, the first inclined surface is subjected to downward pressure and fits tightly against the second inclined surface, thereby forming a continuous and tight sealing interface between the two, thus improving the sealing effect of the bottom seam.

[0062] In other embodiments, the lower member 5 is a third lower member, the outer surface of which is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the prefabricated panel 101; in other words, the cross-section of the third lower member is rectangular.

[0063] In other embodiments, the lower component 5 is an elastic rubber strip.

[0064] During installation, two adjacent elastic rubber strips approach each other and fit tightly together to form a continuous contact sealing surface, thereby achieving effective sealing of the bottom seam.

[0065] Alternatively, the outer periphery of the elastic strip can be enhanced with increased surface roughness or by applying a treatment agent to improve the contact sealing effect.

[0066] In some embodiments, the upper waterproof structure 4 includes an upper sealant structure 41 and a middle sealant structure 42. The upper sealant structure 41 is located at the joint and protrudes upward from the surface of the panel 1. The middle sealant structure 42 is located within the middle joint.

[0067] For example, the upper grouting structure 41 is set at the joint opening and protrudes upward from the upper surface of the panel 1 to form a waterproof ridge structure that is higher than the surface of the panel 1, which can effectively prevent surface water, rainwater or reservoir water from flowing directly into the panel joint 2.

[0068] The central caulking structure 42 fills the interior of the central seam and is located below the upper caulking structure 41. Its main function is to seal the middle area of ​​the joint and prevent water from seeping downwards along the height direction of the panel seam 2.

[0069] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention achieves effective sealing of the joint opening and the middle joint by setting an upper joint filling structure 41 and a middle joint filling structure 42.

[0070] Understandably, the surface component 31 covers the upper caulking structure 41.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 includes an upper anchor 8 for fixing the connecting module 32 to the panel 1.

[0072] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention can anchor the connecting module 32 to the first part 6 by setting the upper anchor 8, so that the connecting module 32 and the first part 6 form a reliable mechanical connection, avoiding the connecting module 32 from loosening or falling off due to external forces during hoisting, transportation or service, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the sealed connection between the surface waterproof structure 3 and the connecting module 32.

[0073] Multiple upper anchors 8 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first part 6. One end of the upper anchor 8 is inserted into the first part 6 and connected to the main reinforcement in the first part 6, while the other end extends into the interior of the connecting module 32, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the connecting module 32 and the first part 6.

[0074] In other embodiments, the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 includes a lower anchor 9 for securing the lower component 5 to the panel 1.

[0075] The lower anchor 9 fixes the lower component 5 to the second part 7 to prevent it from shifting or deforming before installation or during assembly, and ensures that when adjacent plates 1 are joined, the two lower components 5 can be accurately aligned and tightly fitted to achieve effective sealing of the bottom seam.

[0076] Multiple lower anchors 9 are arranged at intervals around the second part 7. One end of the lower anchor 9 is inserted into the second part 7 and connected to the main reinforcement in the second part 7, while the other end extends into the interior of the lower component 5, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the lower component 5 and the second part 7.

[0077] Optionally, the upper anchor 8 and the lower anchor 9 are anchoring components made of metal or high-strength composite materials.

[0078] In some embodiments, the hardness of the upper caulking structure 41 is less than the hardness of the middle caulking structure 42.

[0079] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention has an upper waterproof structure 4 made of plastic material, which has a certain deformation adaptability. Under the action of water pressure or temperature changes, it can undergo plastic deformation to fill the small cracks or unevenness that may occur in the joint area and enhance the sealing performance of the joint.

[0080] The middle joint filler 42 is made of a rigid material, and the hardness of the material in the middle joint filler 42 is greater than that in the upper joint filler 41. The material of the middle joint filler 42 has a certain compressive strength and waterproof performance, and can maintain structural stability while withstanding the local pressure of the plate 1, thus preventing the upper joint filler 41 from collapsing or cracking due to voids below or insufficient support.

[0081] In the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention, the upper joint filling structure 41 serves as a surface defense line, combining the functions of water blocking, sealing and adapting to deformation. The middle joint filling structure 42 further provides structural support and seepage prevention, realizing gradient sealing of the upper space in the panel joint 2, thereby improving the waterproof capability of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100.

[0082] In some embodiments, a mounting groove 10 is provided on one of the bottom surface of the surface waterproof structure 3 or the top surface of the connecting module 32, and mounting grooves 10 are provided on both sides of each panel seam 2 in the width direction.

[0083] The monitoring system includes a first detector 11, which is installed in the mounting groove 10 to detect water leakage in the panel seam 2.

[0084] Each panel seam 2 has mounting grooves 10 on both sides in the width direction, forming a space to accommodate the first detector 11.

[0085] The first detector 11 can sense signals such as water seepage, humidity changes, or abnormal pressure on both sides of the seam, thereby enabling real-time or periodic detection of water leakage at the seam.

[0086] When the water seepage from the joint exceeds the preset value of the first detector 11, the first detector 11 sends a signal to the control console, which in turn issues an early warning signal, making it easier for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the potential hazard and take maintenance measures.

[0087] The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 of this invention integrates intelligent monitoring functions into the surface waterproof structure 3, thereby improving the safety of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100.

[0088] The construction method of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: S1. Design the size and shape of the prefabricated panels based on the shape of the upstream surface of the rockfill dam, the thickness of the panels, and the lifting capacity of the installation equipment.

[0089] S2. Based on the size and shape of the precast panel 101, design an installation and layout scheme for the precast panel 101 on the surface of the upstream cushion layer of the rockfill dam.

[0090] S3. In the prefabrication plant, the slab 1 is manufactured, and the connecting module 32 is connected to the slab 1 using the upper anchor 8, and the lower component 5 is connected to the slab 1 using the lower anchor 9.

[0091] S4. After the precast panel 1, upper anchor 8, connecting module 32, lower anchor 9 and lower component 5 are combined, a precast panel 101 is formed. The precast panel 101 is transported to the rockfill dam construction site in batches according to the construction progress.

[0092] S5. When installing each layer of precast panel 101, a connecting panel is cast in place using a formwork casting method between the toe slab and the precast panel 101, and a lower component 5 is installed under the connecting panel. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the toe plate is located at the outer edge of the rockfill dam. The area between the toe plate and the precast panel 101 cannot be used to install a whole precast panel 101. Therefore, the connecting panel is cast in place using a formwork casting method, and the first lower component 51 or the second lower component 52 is installed at the bottom of the connecting panel.

[0093] S6. Install the second prefabricated panel 103 at intervals along the axis of the rockfill dam.

[0094] S7. The first prefabricated panel 102 is installed between two adjacent second prefabricated panels 103. Under the weight of the first prefabricated panel 102, the first inclined surface is subjected to downward pressure and fits tightly with the second inclined surface, thereby forming a continuous and tight sealing interface between the two, thereby improving the sealing effect of the bottom seam.

[0095] S8. Install waterproofing structures and monitoring systems in the areas where the precast panels 101 and connecting panels have been constructed.

[0096] S9. Repeat S5-S8, using a bottom-up, layer-by-layer full-lay method to install the precast panels 101 until the panels are installed to the top of the panel rockfill dam design, and properly handle the joint structure with the dam crest wave wall.

[0097] The construction method of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure of the present invention monitors the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure 100 in real time through a monitoring system. It can detect leakage anomalies in a timely manner, overcome the defects of existing waterproofing that lacks real-time monitoring and makes it difficult to detect leakage hazards, thereby facilitating timely maintenance and improving the safety and stability of the dam.

[0098] Therefore, the construction method of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure of the present invention has the advantages of high waterproof performance and high safety.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100), characterized in that, include: Precast panels (101), a plurality of precast panels (101) are laid sequentially on the surface of the upstream cushion layer of the rockfill dam. The precast panel (101) includes a panel body (1) and a lower component (5). The lower component (5) is located at the bottom of the panel body (1). Two adjacent precast panels (101) are spaced apart to form a panel joint (2). The panel joint (2) includes a joint opening, a middle joint and a bottom joint arranged sequentially in its height direction. A surface waterproof structure (3) is laid along the panel seam (2) and covers the seam opening; The upper waterproof structure (4) is provided in the panel seam (2) to seal the seam and the middle seam; The lower waterproof structure is used to seal the bottom seam, and two adjacent lower components (5) are fitted together to form the lower waterproof structure; A monitoring system is used to monitor the leakage of the prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100).

2. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated panel (101) includes a connecting module (32), which is embedded on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the panel (1), and the upper surface of the connecting module (32) is flush with the upper surface of the panel (1). The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) includes a surface component (31), which is disposed on the surface of the panel (1) and connected to the connecting module (32) to form the surface waterproof structure (3).

3. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower component (5) is embedded on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the plate (1), and the bottom surface of the lower component (5) is flush with the bottom surface of the plate (1).

4. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the width direction of the panel seam (2), the outer peripheral wall of the lower member (5) extends into the bottom seam so that the outer peripheral walls of two adjacent lower members (5) fit together to seal the bottom seam.

5. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The prefabricated panel (101) includes a first prefabricated panel (102) and a second prefabricated panel (103), and the first prefabricated panel (102) and the second prefabricated panel (103) are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rockfill dam. The lower component (5) includes: The first lower component (51) is provided on both sides of the first prefabricated panel (102) in the width direction and has a first inclined surface. The angle formed between the first inclined surface and the bottom surface of the first prefabricated panel (102) is a first obtuse angle. The second lower component (52) is provided on both sides of the second prefabricated panel (103) in the width direction and has a second inclined surface. The angle formed between the second inclined surface and the bottom surface of the second prefabricated panel (103) is a first acute angle. The first inclined plane and the second inclined plane fit together, and the first obtuse angle and the first acute angle are complementary.

6. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper waterproof structure (4) includes: The upper caulking structure (41) is provided at the joint and protrudes upward from the upper surface of the plate (1); A central grouting structure (42) is provided within the central grout.

7. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) includes: Upper anchor (8) is used to fix the connecting module (32) to the plate (1). The lower anchor (9) is used to fix the lower component (5) to the plate (1).

8. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hardness of the upper caulking structure (41) is less than that of the middle caulking structure (42).

9. The prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, An installation groove (10) is provided on one of the bottom surface of the surface waterproof structure (3) or the top surface of the connecting module (32), and the installation groove (10) is provided on both sides of each panel seam (2) in the width direction. The monitoring system includes a first detector (11), which is located in the mounting groove (10) to detect water leakage in the panel seam (2).

10. A construction method for a prefabricated rockfill dam panel structure (100) as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: S1. Design the size and shape of the prefabricated panel (101) based on the shape of the upstream surface of the rockfill dam, the panel thickness, and the lifting capacity of the installation equipment; S2. Based on the size and shape of the precast panel (101), design an installation layout scheme for the precast panel (101) on the surface of the upstream cushion layer of the rockfill dam. S3. In the prefabrication plant, the slab (1) is manufactured, and the connecting module (32) is connected to the slab (1) using the upper anchor (8), and the lower component (5) is connected to the slab (1) using the lower anchor (9). S4. After the plate (1), the upper anchor (8), the connecting module (32), the lower anchor (9) and the lower component (5) are fixed, the precast panel (101) is formed. The precast panel (101) is transported to the rockfill dam construction site in batches according to the construction progress. S5. When installing each layer of the precast panel (101), a connecting panel is cast in place using a template between the toe plate and the precast panel (101), and the lower component (5) is installed at the bottom of the connecting panel. S6. The second prefabricated panel (103) is installed in place at intervals along the axial direction of the rockfill dam; S7. Install the first prefabricated panel (102) between two adjacent second prefabricated panels (103); S8. A waterproof structure and monitoring system are installed in the area where the precast panel (101) and the connecting panel have been constructed; S9. Repeat S5-S8, and install the prefabricated panel (101) by laying it layer by layer from bottom to top until the prefabricated panel (101) is installed on the top of the rockfill dam and the joint structure with the wave wall on the top of the dam is treated.

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