Air supplement system and power plant
By using the make-up air system in the main control room of the nuclear power plant to control the air pressure difference and dynamically adjust the make-up air volume and exhaust air volume, the problem of high-temperature smoke diffusion during a fire is solved, ensuring the safe evacuation of operators and the stability of equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA NUCLEAR POWER ENGINEERING COMPANY LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
When a fire occurs in the main control room of a nuclear power plant, the high-temperature flue gas spreads over a wide area, affecting the evacuation of operators and the safety of equipment.
An air supply system is adopted, including an air supply fan and a regulating valve. The regulating valve controls the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor to maintain a negative pressure state. The air supply device supplies outside air to the main control room, and the exhaust device discharges the flue gas, dynamically balancing the air supply and exhaust capacity and reducing the spread of flue gas.
Effectively control the spread of high-temperature flue gas in the main control room, ensure that operators have enough time to perform emergency operations, reduce the spread of flue gas to adjacent areas, and ensure that evacuation doors can be opened normally.
Smart Images
Figure CN121828848A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors, in particular to a wind supplementing system and a power plant. BACKGROUND
[0002] The use of nuclear power is a major breakthrough in the history of energy utilization of human beings. By utilizing the fission reaction of atomic nucleus, a nuclear power plant can produce high energy output that cannot be compared with all other traditional fossil energy, and these high energy output often only needs to consume a small amount of nuclear fuel. This low investment and high output feature makes human beings increasingly value the use of nuclear energy and continuously increase the research and development in the field of nuclear energy. Today, nuclear energy has become an important energy component in many countries in the world. When a fire occurs in the main control room, in order to enable the operator in the main control room to perform emergency shutdown and shutdown operation, the high temperature generated by the fire needs to be delayed to the outside, and the gas outside needs to be supplemented into the main control room to maintain the air pressure in the main control room.
[0003] In the related art, the diffusion range of the high-temperature flue gas in the main control room is large. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a wind supplementing system and a power plant, which can reduce the diffusion range of the high-temperature flue gas in the main control room.
[0005] The wind supplementing system according to the first aspect of the present application comprises:
[0006] The wind supplementing device comprises a wind supplementing machine and a regulating valve which are in communication with each other, the regulating valve is used to adjust the wind supplementing amount of the wind supplementing device, and the wind supplementing machine can be in communication with the main control room to supplement wind to the main control room; The air exhaust device can be in communication with the main control room, and the air exhaust device is used to exhaust air from the main control room; The regulating valve is configured to maintain the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor at a preset air pressure, and the preset air pressure is negative pressure.
[0007] The wind supplementing system according to the embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: In the embodiment of this application, the air supply device includes an air supply fan and a regulating valve that are interconnected. The regulating valve is used to adjust the air supply volume of the air supply fan and is configured to control the air pressure in the main control room so that the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor is maintained at a preset air pressure. In the event of a fire in the main control room, the smoke can be discharged to the outside by the exhaust system in a relatively timely manner, and the outside air can be supplied to the main control room through the air supply device to maintain the air pressure in the main control room. The preset negative air pressure can maintain the high-temperature smoke in the main control room relatively stably, thereby reducing the spread of high-temperature smoke from the main control room to adjacent areas and enabling the evacuation doors of the main control room to open normally.
[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the make-up air device has a make-up air pipeline and a make-up air branch line connected in parallel with the make-up air pipeline, the make-up air fan is disposed in the make-up air pipeline, the regulating valve is disposed in the make-up air branch line, and the regulating valve is connected in parallel with the make-up air fan.
[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the make-up air device further includes a filter assembly connected in series with the make-up air fan, the filter assembly being located upstream of the make-up air fan, and the filter assembly being used to filter the airflow flowing toward the make-up air fan.
[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the filtration assembly includes a first filter, a first HEPA filter, an iodine adsorber, and a second HEPA filter that are interconnected. The first filter is used to filter dust in the airflow, and the airflow passes through the first filter, the first HEPA filter, the iodine adsorber, and the second HEPA filter in sequence.
[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the filtering assembly further includes a heating element located upstream of the first filter.
[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the air supply system further includes a detection device, which includes a detection instrument, a first detection element, and a second detection element. The first detection element is used to detect the air pressure in the main control room, and the second detection element is used to detect the air pressure in the corridor. The corridor is adjacent to the main control room and is sealed and isolated from it. The detection instrument is used to obtain the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor.
[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the make-up air device further includes a first fire damper connected to the make-up air fan, the first fire damper being configured to close at a first preset temperature to isolate the make-up air fan from the main control room.
[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust device includes a second fire damper configured to close at a second preset temperature to isolate the main control room from the outside world.
[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the make-up air system further includes a controller configured to increase the opening of the regulating valve when the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor is less than the preset air pressure, and to decrease the opening of the regulating valve when the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor is greater than the preset air pressure.
[0016] Embodiments of this application also provide a power plant, comprising: Main control room; The corridor is adjacent to the main control room, and the main control room and the corridor are sealed and isolated from each other. The make-up air system as described in any of the above is installed in the main control room, and the make-up air system is used to make up air for the main control room.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the assembly of the air supply system and the main control room in one embodiment of this application.
[0019] Figure label: 100. Makeup air device; 100a. Makeup air duct; 100b. Makeup air branch; 110. Makeup air fan; 120. Regulating valve; 130. Filter assembly; 131. First filter; 132. First HEPA filter; 133. Iodine adsorber; 134. Second HEPA filter; 135. Heating element; 140. First fire damper; 200. Exhaust system; 210. Second fire damper; 220. Exhaust fan; 230. Exhaust valve; 300. Main control room; 400. Corridor; 500. Detection device; 510. Detection instrument; 520. First detection piece; 530. Second detection piece. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0022] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0023] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0024] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0025] In related technologies, in the event of a fire in the main control room, the fire will render the main control room unusable, and operators will evacuate from it. During the evacuation, if possible, operators should first perform emergency shutdown and machine stop operations on the advanced control panel within the main control room. To reduce the adverse effects of the high-temperature smoke generated by the fire on operators and extend their stay in the main control room, the high-temperature smoke in the main control room needs to be exhausted to the outside through an exhaust system. To ensure smooth door opening during evacuation, airflow also needs to be injected into the main control room through a make-up air system. Normally, the airflow delivery capacity of the make-up air system and the exhaust system remains constant. However, as the fire progresses from its initial to its later stages, the gas density in the main control room gradually decreases, thus gradually reducing the airflow delivery capacity of the exhaust system. Consequently, the air pressure in the main control room gradually increases, causing the high-temperature smoke in the main control room to gradually spread to adjacent areas.
[0026] In the make-up air system of this application, the make-up air device 100 includes a make-up air fan 110 and a regulating valve 120 connected to each other. The regulating valve 120 can adjust the make-up air volume of the make-up air fan 110. The regulating valve 120 can adjust the make-up air volume of the make-up air fan 110 according to the pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400, so that the air pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 can be maintained at a preset air pressure. This allows the operator to have a longer operating time and also controls the diffusion range of high-temperature flue gas.
[0027] This application provides a makeup air system; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The make-up air system includes a make-up air device 100 and an exhaust air device 200. The make-up air device 100 includes a make-up air fan 110 and a regulating valve 120 connected to each other. The regulating valve 120 is used to regulate the make-up air volume of the make-up air device 100. The make-up air fan 110 can be connected to the main control room 300 to make up for the air in the main control room 300. For example, the make-up air fan 110 is a make-up air fan that can bring in ambient air into the main control room 300. The exhaust air device 200 can be connected to the main control room 300 and is used to exhaust air from the main control room 300. For example, the exhaust air device 200 includes an exhaust fan 220 that can be connected to the main control room 300. The exhaust fan 220 can be an exhaust fan that can exhaust the air in the main control room 300 to the outside. The regulating valve 120 is configured to maintain the pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 at a preset pressure, which is negative. It is understood that the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 are adjacent and mutually sealed and isolated. The main control room 300 and the corridor 400 are separated by a fire door, and operators in the main control room 300 can move from the main control room 300 to the corridor 400 by opening the fire door.
[0028] In this embodiment, the make-up air device 100 includes a make-up air fan 110 and a regulating valve 120 connected to each other. The regulating valve 120 is used to adjust the make-up air volume of the make-up air fan 110. The regulating valve 120 is configured to control the air pressure in the main control room 300 so that the difference between the air pressure in the main control room 300 and the air pressure in the corridor 400 is maintained at a preset air pressure. In the event of a fire in the main control room 300, the smoke can be discharged to the outside by the exhaust device 200 in a relatively timely manner, and the outside air can be replenished into the main control room 300 through the make-up air device 100 to maintain the air pressure in the main control room 300. The preset negative air pressure can maintain the high-temperature smoke relatively stably in the main control room 300, thereby reducing the spread of high-temperature smoke from the main control room 300 to adjacent areas, and enabling the evacuation doors of the main control room to open normally.
[0029] For example, the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of the make-up air device 100 to the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust air device 200 is greater than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 100%. In the early stages of a fire, the exhaust air device 200 has a large exhaust capacity. However, as the fire gradually spreads, the gas density in the main control room 300 gradually decreases, thus the exhaust capacity of the exhaust air device 200 gradually decreases. The make-up air volume of the make-up air device 100 can be reduced by the regulating valve 120, thereby achieving a dynamic balance between the volumetric flow rate of the make-up air device 100 and the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust air device 200.
[0030] In one embodiment, the air supply device 100 has an air supply duct 100a and an air supply branch 100b connected in parallel with the air supply duct 100a. An air supply fan 110 is disposed in the air supply duct 100a, and a regulating valve 120 is disposed in the air supply branch 100b. The regulating valve 120 is connected in parallel with the air supply fan 110. Exemplarily, both ends of the air supply duct 100a are connected to the outside and the interior of the main control room 300, respectively. The regulating valve 120 is connected in parallel with the air supply fan 110, so that when the opening of the regulating valve 120 is controlled, the change in the air supply volume of the air supply device 100 is relatively gradual, and thus the regulating valve 120 can make relatively fine adjustments to the air supply volume of the air supply device 100. The air supply device 100 can relatively stably control the difference between the air pressure in the main control room 300 and the air pressure in the corridor 400 within a preset air pressure range. Exemplarily, the regulating valve 120 is an electrically operated regulating valve 120.
[0031] It is understood that other embodiments of this application are not limited to the make-up air device 100 having a make-up air branch 100b connected in parallel with the make-up air duct 100a, and the regulating valve 120 being disposed in the make-up air branch 100b. Exemplarily, the regulating valve 120 is disposed in the make-up air duct 100a, and the regulating valve 120 is connected in series with the make-up air fan 110.
[0032] In one embodiment, the make-up air device 100 further includes a filter assembly 130 connected in series with the make-up air fan 110. The filter assembly 130 is located upstream of the make-up air fan 110 and the regulating valve 120, and is used to filter the airflow flowing towards the make-up air fan 110. It is understood that the filter assembly 130 being upstream of the make-up air fan 110 means that outside air passes through the filter assembly 130 before flowing towards the make-up air fan 110. The filter assembly 130 can adsorb dust and radioactive materials in the atmosphere. In the event of a radioactive leak accident at a nuclear power plant, radioactive materials may leak into the ambient atmosphere. These radioactive materials may be absorbed by the make-up air device 100 and replenish the main control room 300, potentially affecting the operators. The filter assembly 130 can filter the air flowing towards the main control room 300, adsorbing dust and radioactive materials in the air, thereby reducing the impact of the outside atmosphere on the operators inside the main control room 300.
[0033] In one embodiment, the filter assembly 130 includes a first filter 131, a first HEPA filter 132, an iodine adsorber 133, and a second HEPA filter 134 that are interconnected. The first filter 131 filters dust from the airflow, which passes sequentially through the first filter 131, the first HEPA filter 132, the iodine adsorber 133, and the second HEPA filter 134. Exemplarily, the first filter 131 has a lower filtration capacity than the HEPA filter; it is an inefficient filter. The first filter 131 can adsorb and filter dust and other pollutants, reducing the impact of larger particles on the filtration effect of the HEPA filter. The first HEPA filter 132 can adsorb aerosol pollutants from the air entering the make-up air system, further improving the filtration effect of the filter assembly 130. The iodine adsorber 133 can adsorb iodine pollutants from the incoming air, while the second HEPA filter 134, located downstream of the iodine adsorber 133, can filter activated carbon carried out from the iodine adsorber 133 from the incoming air. The filter assembly 130, through multi-layer filtration, can minimize the pollutants and dust carried in the outside air, thereby providing operators in the main control room 300 with a longer operating time and reducing the adverse effects of outside air on the operators.
[0034] In one embodiment, the filter assembly 130 further includes a heating element 135 located upstream of the first filter 131. Exemplarily, the heating element 135 heats the gas entering the filter assembly 130, raising the temperature of the passing gas to a preset temperature greater than or equal to 5°C. The heating element 135 can maintain the relative humidity of the incoming air to a certain extent, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of the iodine adsorber 133, which can minimize iodine contaminants in the incoming air. Exemplarily, the heating element 135 is an electric heating element.
[0035] In one embodiment, the make-up air system further includes a detection device 500, which includes a detection instrument 510, a first detection element 520, and a second detection element 530. The first detection element 520 is used to detect the air pressure inside the main control room 300, and the second detection element 530 is used to detect the air pressure inside the corridor 400. The corridor 400 is adjacent to and sealed and isolated from the main control room 300. The detection instrument 510 is used to obtain the air pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400. The detection instrument 510 can detect the air pressure inside the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 respectively through the first detection element 520 and the second detection element 530, thereby ensuring that the fire door between the corridor 400 and the main control room 300 can be opened smoothly when the operator wants to open it, and that the high-temperature flue gas inside the main control room 300 is adsorbed by the negative pressure in the main control room 300, making it difficult for it to diffuse into the environment of the corridor 400. Exemplarily, the detection instrument 510 is located inside the corridor 400.
[0036] In one embodiment, the make-up air device 100 further includes a first fire damper 140 connected to the make-up air fan 110. The first fire damper 140 is configured to close at a first preset temperature to isolate the make-up air fan 110 from the main control room 300. Exemplarily, the first fire damper 140 is located downstream of the make-up air fan 110 and within the main control room 300. The first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 60°C and less than or equal to 80°C. The first preset temperature can be 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, or 80°C. At higher temperatures, the first fire damper 140 can reduce the entry of high-temperature smoke into the main control room 300, thus reducing the risk of further deterioration of the internal environment of the main control room 300. It can also reduce the flow of high-temperature smoke from the main control room 300 to the outside from the make-up air device 100.
[0037] In one embodiment, the exhaust system 200 includes a second fire damper 210, which is configured to close at a second preset temperature to isolate the main control room 300 from the outside environment. The second fire damper 210 is located within the main control room 300. Exemplarily, the second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 260°C and less than or equal to 280°C; the second preset temperature can be 260°C, 265°C, 270°C, 275°C, or 280°C. When the high-temperature flue gas in the main control room 300 reaches the second preset temperature, the second fire damper 210 can isolate the interior of the main control room 300 from the outside environment, thereby reducing the extent to which high-temperature flue gas flows from the exhaust system 200 to the outside.
[0038] For example, the exhaust device 200 also includes an exhaust valve 230, which is located upstream of the second fire damper 210. The smoke in the main control room 300 flows to the outside through the exhaust valve 230, the second fire damper 210 and the exhaust fan 220 in sequence.
[0039] In one embodiment, the make-up air system further includes a controller configured to increase the opening of the regulating valve 120 when the pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 is less than a preset pressure, and to decrease the opening of the regulating valve 120 when the pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 is greater than the preset pressure. Exemplarily, the controller is electrically connected to the regulating valve 120 and the detection device 500. The controller can acquire the pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 and can also control the opening of the regulating valve 120. Exemplarily, the preset pressure is greater than or equal to -80 Pa and less than or equal to -20 Pa; the preset pressure can be -80 Pa, -70 Pa, -60 Pa, -50 Pa, -40 Pa, -30 Pa, or -20 Pa. The controller can keep the air pressure difference between the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 within a suitable range. This allows the high-temperature flue gas to be kept in the main control room 300, and also enables the operators in the main control room 300 to open the fire door and move to the corridor 400.
[0040] Embodiments of this application also provide a power plant, which includes a main control room 300, a corridor 400, and a make-up air system of any one of the above. The corridor 400 is adjacent to the main control room 300, and the main control room 300 and the corridor 400 are mutually sealed and isolated. The make-up air system is installed in the main control room 300 and is used to provide make-up air to the main control room 300.
[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and all should be covered within the scope of the specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of protection.
Claims
1. A makeup air system, characterized in that, include: The make-up air device includes a make-up air fan and a regulating valve that are interconnected. The regulating valve is used to adjust the make-up air volume of the make-up air device. The make-up air fan can be connected to the main control room to make up air for the main control room. An exhaust system is connected to the main control room and is used to exhaust air from the main control room. The regulating valve is configured to control the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor to maintain a preset air pressure, wherein the preset air pressure is negative.
2. The air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply device has an air supply pipeline and an air supply branch line connected in parallel with the air supply pipeline. The air supply fan is installed in the air supply pipeline, and the regulating valve is installed in the air supply branch line. The regulating valve is connected in parallel with the air supply fan.
3. The make-up air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply device also includes a filter assembly connected in series with the air supply fan. The filter assembly is located upstream of the air supply fan and is used to filter the airflow flowing toward the air supply fan.
4. The air supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filtration assembly includes a first filter, a first HEPA filter, an iodine adsorber, and a second HEPA filter that are interconnected. The first filter is used to filter dust in the airflow, and the airflow passes through the first filter, the first HEPA filter, the iodine adsorber, and the second HEPA filter in sequence.
5. The air supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter assembly also includes a heating element located upstream of the first filter.
6. The air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply system also includes a detection device, which includes a detection instrument, a first detection element, and a second detection element. The first detection element is used to detect the air pressure in the main control room, and the second detection element is used to detect the air pressure in the corridor. The corridor is adjacent to the main control room and is sealed and isolated from it. The detection instrument is used to obtain the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor.
7. The make-up air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The make-up air device also includes a first fire damper connected to the make-up air fan. The first fire damper is configured to close at a first preset temperature to isolate the make-up air fan from the main control room.
8. The make-up air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust system includes a second fire damper, which is configured to close at a second preset temperature to isolate the main control room from the outside world.
9. The make-up air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply system also includes a controller, which is configured to increase the opening of the regulating valve when the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor is less than the preset air pressure, and to decrease the opening of the regulating valve when the air pressure difference between the main control room and the corridor is greater than the preset air pressure.
10. A power plant, characterized in that, include: Main control room; The corridor is adjacent to the main control room, and the main control room and the corridor are sealed and isolated from each other. The make-up air system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed in the main control room, and the make-up air system is used to make up air for the main control room.