Heat pump system

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat pump system. The heat pump system includes: a main refrigerant line; a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger disposed in this order on the main refrigerant line; a first refrigerant line; a second refrigerant line; a third heat exchanger disposed in the second refrigerant line; and a cooling water line through which cooling water circulates, the cooling water line including: a first cooling water line configured to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water in the first heat exchanger and configured with the heater core; a second cooling water line configured to heat exchange the refrigerant and the cooling water in a third heat exchanger; a third cooling water line configured to exchange heat with the powertrain module; a fourth cooling water line including a fourth heat exchanger; and a multi-way valve, the first to fourth cooling water lines forming cooling water flow paths connected or separated by the multi-way valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a heat pump system, and more specifically, to a heat pump system capable of implementing multiple air conditioning modes via multiple cooling water lines and multi-way valves that connect and disconnect them, the multiple cooling water lines being configured to exchange heat with refrigerant lines. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of developing environmentally friendly industries and exploring energy alternatives to fossil fuels, electric and hybrid vehicles have become the most prominent sectors in the automotive industry in recent years. Electric and hybrid vehicles are equipped with batteries that provide power, and these batteries are used not only for driving but also for heating and cooling.

[0003] In vehicles that use batteries for power, using the battery as a heat source for cooling and heating means a corresponding reduction in driving range. To overcome this problem, a method has been proposed to apply the heat pump system, which has been widely used in household cooling and heating devices, to automobiles.

[0004] For reference, a heat pump is a device that absorbs low-temperature heat and converts it into high-temperature heat. As an example, the working principle of a heat pump is as follows: a liquid refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator, absorbing heat from its surroundings and becoming a gas. It then liquefies in the condenser while releasing heat back to the surroundings. If applied to electric or hybrid vehicles, its advantage is that it can ensure a sufficient heat source for conventional air conditioning systems.

[0005] In conventional heat pump systems, heat exchange with the outside air is difficult when the outside air temperature is neither very high nor very low, sometimes resulting in inadequate dehumidification. Furthermore, the difficulty in cooling the powertrain modules can reduce efficiency when high-output operations are required.

[0006] There is an urgent need for a heat pump system that can solve the above problems and provide sufficient heat even in low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] This invention provides a heat pump system that can perform cooling and heating without being limited by the surrounding environment, and can also cool and heat the power transmission system module, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0009] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and those skilled in the art should be able to clearly understand other problems not mentioned herein based on the following description.

[0010] Methods for solving problems

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pump system that may include: a main refrigerant pipeline for refrigerant flow; a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger, which are sequentially arranged on the main refrigerant pipeline; a first refrigerant pipeline connecting the second heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator of the main refrigerant pipeline, and equipped with an evaporator; a second refrigerant pipeline communicating with and connected in parallel with the first refrigerant pipeline; a third heat exchanger arranged on the second refrigerant pipeline; and a cooling water pipeline for cooling water circulation.

[0012] The cooling water pipeline may include: a first cooling water pipeline configured to allow refrigerant and cooling water to exchange heat in a first heat exchanger, and equipped with a heater core for exchanging heat between heated cooling water and air flowing into the vehicle compartment; a second cooling water pipeline configured to allow refrigerant and cooling water to exchange heat in a third heat exchanger; a third cooling water pipeline configured to exchange heat with the powertrain module; a fourth cooling water pipeline including a fourth heat exchanger; and a multi-way valve connecting the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline to the fourth cooling water pipeline.

[0013] The first cooling water pipeline to the fourth cooling water pipeline can form a cooling water flow path that is connected or separated by the multi-way valve.

[0014] It is permissible to provide a first expansion valve between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the main refrigerant pipeline, a second expansion valve on the inlet side of the evaporator on the first refrigerant pipeline, and a third expansion valve on the inlet side of the third heat exchanger on the second refrigerant pipeline, wherein the second refrigerant pipeline branches off at the inlet side of the second expansion valve.

[0015] Alternatively, the heat pump system may also include a third refrigerant line that supplies refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger to the gas-liquid separator.

[0016] Alternatively, the heat pump system may also include a fourth refrigerant line, which branches between the first heat exchanger and the first expansion valve and forms a flow path to the outlet side of the second heat exchanger.

[0017] Alternatively, the heat pump system may also include a fifth refrigerant line, which branches off from the flow path between the compressor and the first heat exchanger and forms the flow path to the inlet side of the gas-liquid separator, and a fourth expansion valve is formed on the fifth refrigerant line.

[0018] It is possible that the multi-way valve can be configured in any of five configurations according to the air conditioning mode. The first configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected; the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline; the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline; and the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline. The second configuration is as follows: the inlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline; the outlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline; the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline; and the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline. The third configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected; the... The inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the third cooling water pipeline are connected; the fourth configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected, the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline are connected; the fifth configuration is as follows: the inlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline are connected.

[0019] It is possible that, when the air conditioner is in cooling mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line, but bypasses the first expansion valve and flows through the second heat exchanger selectively into the first refrigerant line and the second refrigerant line, or simultaneously into the first refrigerant line and the second refrigerant line.

[0020] Alternatively, the multi-way valve can be configured in the first configuration, where cooling water exchanges heat with outside air in the fourth heat exchanger of the fourth cooling water pipeline and with refrigerant in the third heat exchanger to cool the powertrain module.

[0021] Yes, when the air conditioner is in heating mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands in the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows into the gas-liquid separator along the third refrigerant line.

[0022] Alternatively, the multi-way valve can be configured in the first configuration, the third configuration, or the fourth configuration, such that the cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger and then passes through the heater core to heat the interior of the vehicle.

[0023] Alternatively, a portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor may flow along the fifth refrigerant line and, after expanding in the fourth expansion valve, flow into the gas-liquid separator.

[0024] It is possible that a portion of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger flows along the fourth refrigerant line to the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

[0025] It is possible that when the multi-way valve is in the first configuration, the cooling water absorbs heat from the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger, and after absorbing heat in the powertrain module, it transfers heat to the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger.

[0026] Yes, when the air conditioner is in series dehumidification mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands through the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows along the first refrigerant line and expands in the second expansion valve.

[0027] Alternatively, the multi-way valve can be configured in either the first or fourth configuration, wherein cooling water heated in the first heat exchanger heats the air discharged into the passenger compartment in the heater core.

[0028] It is possible that a portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor flows along the fifth refrigerant line and expands in the fourth expansion valve.

[0029] It is permissible that a portion of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger flows along the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

[0030] Yes, when the air conditioner is in parallel dehumidification mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands through the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows along the third refrigerant line to the gas-liquid separator. A portion of the refrigerant that passes through the first heat exchanger flows along the fourth refrigerant line into the first refrigerant line and expands in the second expansion valve.

[0031] It is permissible that, before flowing into the first refrigerant line, a portion of the refrigerant flows into the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

[0032] Alternatively, the multi-way valve can be configured in either the first or fourth configuration, wherein cooling water heated in the first heat exchanger heats the air discharged into the passenger compartment in the heater core.

[0033] Invention Effects

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, by using multiple cooling water pipelines and multi-way valves connected to them, heat exchange with external air and power transmission system can be performed, and the heat of high-temperature refrigerant can be utilized in heating mode, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0035] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and those skilled in the art should be able to clearly understand other problems not mentioned herein based on the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the refrigerant pipeline and cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating a first configuration of a multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7This is a diagram illustrating a second configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a third configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating a fourth configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating a fifth configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline implementing a cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention that enables a cooling mode capable of cooling a battery.

[0048] Figure 13 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention enables a cooling mode that simultaneously performs cooling and battery cooling.

[0049] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline in a heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention that utilizes a heat exchanger for heating.

[0051] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention that achieves a heating mode utilizing high-temperature gas.

[0052] Figure 17 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention achieves a heating mode utilizing high-temperature gas and a heat exchanger.

[0053] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline implementing a series dehumidification mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention that implements a series dehumidification mode utilizing high-temperature gas.

[0055] Figure 20 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention achieves a series dehumidification mode capable of cooling a battery.

[0056] Figure 21 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention achieves a series dehumidification mode that utilizes high-temperature gas to cool the battery.

[0057] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating a parallel dehumidification mode achieved by the refrigerant pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 23 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention achieves a parallel dehumidification mode capable of cooling a battery.

[0059] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0060] 10: Main refrigerant line; 11: Gas-liquid separator; 12: Compressor; 13: First heat exchanger; 14: First expansion valve; 15: Second heat exchanger; 20: First refrigerant line; 21: Second expansion valve; 22: Evaporator; 30: Second refrigerant line; 31: Third expansion valve; 32: Third heat exchanger; 40: Third refrigerant line; 50: Fourth refrigerant line; 60: Fifth refrigerant line; 61: Fourth expansion valve; 100: First cooling water line; 110: Heater core; 200: Second cooling water line; 300: Third cooling water line; 310: Power transmission system module; 400: Fourth cooling water line; 410: Fourth heat exchanger; 500: Multi-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0061] This invention can be modified in many ways and can have various embodiments; therefore, specific embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings for detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific implementations, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions within the scope of the invention's ideas and techniques. Detailed descriptions of relevant well-known technologies are omitted when it is believed that such descriptions might obscure the gist of the invention.

[0062] The terms "first," "second," etc., can be used to describe multiple constituent elements, but the constituent elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one constituent element from others.

[0063] The terminology used in this application is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular expressions include plural expressions. It should be understood that terms such as "comprising" or "having" in this application are intended to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and are not intended to presuppose the presence or additional possibilities of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0064] Furthermore, when described as "connected" in the overall content of the instruction manual, it can not only indicate the direct connection of two or more constituent elements, but also the following situations: two or more constituent elements are indirectly connected through other constituent elements; not only physically connected but also electrically connected; or they are called by different names according to their location or function, but are one unit.

[0065] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the heat pump system provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the process of describing with reference to the drawings, the same or corresponding constituent elements will be given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0066] In conventional heat pump systems applicable to vehicles, multiple air conditioning modes can be achieved by passing refrigerant through an evaporator, compressor, internal capacitor, and external capacitor. Typically, an expansion valve and a water-cooled capacitor capable of heat exchange with additional cooling water lines can be installed on the outlet side of the internal capacitor.

[0067] The internal capacitor, water-cooled capacitor, and external capacitor are connected in series. In spring and autumn, when the outside air temperature is not very high, the refrigerant flow is the same as in air conditioning mode. The heat that can be provided to the internal capacitor is insufficient. Therefore, the dehumidification mode can be achieved by heating the air through a PTC heater (Positive Temperature Coefficient Heater).

[0068] The disadvantage of using an additional PTC heater is high power consumption, which may reduce energy efficiency. Furthermore, conventional heat pump systems utilize external air to cool the powertrain modules and use a cooling water heater to heat the battery modules.

[0069] This invention provides a heat pump system that can efficiently perform series dehumidification and can use external air and refrigerant to cool the power transmission system module. In heating mode, it can use high-temperature gas to increase heating performance.

[0070] The heat pump system provided by this invention includes refrigerant pipelines and cooling water pipelines for supplying refrigerant and cooling water. The structure of each refrigerant pipeline and cooling water pipeline is described below, and the entire heat pump system, including the refrigerant pipelines and cooling water pipelines, is explained.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pump system including a main refrigerant line 10 for supplying refrigerant. A gas-liquid separator 11, a compressor 12, a first heat exchanger 13, and a second heat exchanger 15 are sequentially arranged on the main refrigerant line 10.

[0073] A first refrigerant line 20, communicating with the main refrigerant line 10, can be configured on one side of the main refrigerant line 10. The first refrigerant line 20 can be configured to connect the second heat exchanger 15 and the gas-liquid separator 11 of the main refrigerant line 10. An evaporator 22 is configured on the first refrigerant line 20. The refrigerant can evaporate in the evaporator 22 to cool the air passing through the evaporator 22, thereby enabling cooling or dehumidification of the vehicle compartment.

[0074] The second refrigerant line 30 can be connected in parallel with the first refrigerant line 20. A third heat exchanger 32 can be installed on the second refrigerant line 30, which enables the refrigerant to exchange heat with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water line.

[0075] A first expansion valve 14 is provided on the inlet side of the second heat exchanger 15 on the main refrigerant line 10. A second expansion valve 21 is provided on the inlet side of the evaporator 22 on the first refrigerant line 20. The second refrigerant line 30 can be configured to branch off on the inlet side of the second expansion valve 21. A third expansion valve 31 can be provided on the inlet side of the third heat exchanger 32 on the second refrigerant line 30.

[0076] The third refrigerant line 40 extends from the outlet side of the second heat exchanger 15 to connect to the gas-liquid separator 11.

[0077] The fourth refrigerant line 50 branches off and extends from the outlet side of the first heat exchanger 13 to allow refrigerant to flow into the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30. That is, refrigerant flowing along the fourth refrigerant line 50 can flow directly into the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30 without passing through the first expansion valve 14 and the second heat exchanger 15.

[0078] The fifth refrigerant line 60 is a refrigerant line that branches off from the outlet side of the compressor 12 and extends towards the gas-liquid separator 11. A fourth expansion valve 61 is installed on the fifth refrigerant line 60. Since the refrigerant passing through the compressor 12 is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant can flow in the fifth refrigerant line 60.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] The cooling water pipeline may include a first cooling water pipeline to a fourth cooling water pipeline 100, 200, 300, 400. The cooling water pipeline is configured as a separate flow path from the refrigerant pipeline and is configured to enable heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water in a heat exchanger.

[0081] The first cooling water line 100 is configured to allow heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water in the first heat exchanger 13. Furthermore, a heater core 110 is provided to allow heat exchange between the heated cooling water and the air flowing into the passenger compartment. That is, the heater core 110 can be installed inside the air conditioning unit 1, similar to the evaporator 22, to allow heat exchange between the cooling water and the air flowing into the passenger compartment.

[0082] A blower 2 for drawing in air can be provided in the air conditioning unit 1. The blower 2 draws in air and discharges it into the passenger compartment. A door (not shown) can be provided in the air conditioning unit 1 to control the direction of the air discharged into the passenger compartment. When cooling the passenger compartment, it is not necessary to heat the air in the heater core 110, so the door can be configured to prevent air from passing through the heater core 110. In dehumidification and heating modes, the air flowing into the passenger compartment passes through the heater core 110 and is heated, so the door can be configured to allow air to pass through the evaporator 22 and the heater core 110.

[0083] The second cooling water line 200 can be configured to allow the refrigerant and cooling water to exchange heat in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0084] The third cooling water line 300 can be configured adjacent to the powertrain module 310. The cooling water flowing in the third cooling water line 300 can exchange heat with the powertrain module 310, which includes the battery module. Therefore, the powertrain module 310 can be cooled or heated through the third cooling water line 300.

[0085] The fourth cooling water line 400 may include a fourth heat exchanger 410. The cooling water flowing in the fourth cooling water line 400 may exchange heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410.

[0086] On the first cooling water line 100, the cooling water can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant to heat the air flowing into the vehicle compartment. On the second cooling water line 200, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32. On the third cooling water line 300, the cooling water can exchange heat with the powertrain module 310. On the fourth cooling water line 400, the cooling water can exchange heat with the outside air.

[0087] Therefore, the cooling water can exchange heat with the refrigerant and the outside air, thereby regulating the temperature of the powertrain module 310 and improving the cooling and heating efficiency.

[0088] Pumps can be installed on the cooling water lines to allow cooling water to flow. Specifically, a first pump 120 is installed at the inlet side of the first cooling water line 100 to allow cooling water to flow towards the first heat exchanger 13. A second pump 210 can be installed at the inlet side of the second refrigerant line 30. The second pump 210 allows cooling water to flow towards the third heat exchanger 32.

[0089] A multi-way valve 500 can be installed on the cooling water pipeline. The first to fourth cooling water pipelines 100, 200, 300, and 400 can be connected or disconnected via the multi-way valve 500. The multi-way valve 500 allows the inlet and outlet of the four cooling water pipelines to be interconnected. Therefore, the multi-way valve 500 can regulate the flow of cooling water in eight directions, thus functioning as an eight-way valve.

[0090] Figure 4 In this case, the inlet and outlet of the cooling water pipeline connected to the multi-way valve 500 are marked with numbers 1 to 8. Taking number 1 as the reference, the inlet and outlet of the first to fourth cooling water pipelines 100, 200, 300, and 400 are respectively marked in a clockwise direction.

[0091] As an example, when the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100 to each other, cooling water can circulate in the first cooling water line 100. When the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the outlet of the second cooling water line 200, and connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the first cooling water line 100, cooling water can circulate in both the first cooling water line 100 and the second cooling water line 200.

[0092] The multi-way valve 500 can connect the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line to the fourth cooling water line 100, 200, 300, 400 respectively according to the applicable air conditioning mode, thereby adjusting the direction of cooling water flow.

[0093] The cooling water pipeline provided by this invention may also include an electric heater 130. (See reference...) Figure 4 An electric heater 130 is disposed in the first cooling water line 100. The electric heater 130 can use electricity to heat the cooling water. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13. However, if the cooling water is not sufficiently heated, it can be further heated by the electric heater 130.

[0094] An electric heater 130 can be disposed on the inlet side of a heater core 110 on a first cooling water line 100. Cooling water can be heated to a suitable temperature in the electric heater 130 before flowing into the heater core 110. The cooled water heated to a suitable temperature can exchange heat with the air flowing into the carriage in the heater core 110, thereby regulating the temperature inside the carriage.

[0095] The refrigerant lines provided in various embodiments of the present invention may include directional control valves. Figure 1 In this case, the connection and disconnection of the main refrigerant line 10, the first refrigerant line 20, the second refrigerant line 30, the third refrigerant line 40 and the fourth refrigerant line 50 can be achieved through the four-way valve 71.

[0096] Figure 2 A heat pump system provided by another embodiment of the present invention is shown. The heat pump system provided by another embodiment of the present invention utilizes two valves 72 and 73.

[0097] A two-way valve 73 can be used on the fourth cooling water line 400 to open and close the fourth refrigerant line 50. The main refrigerant line 10, the first refrigerant line 20, the second refrigerant line 30, and the third refrigerant line 40 can be connected or disconnected via a three-way valve 72. The first expansion valve 14 to the fourth expansion valve 61 can regulate the flow of refrigerant by opening or closing the refrigerant lines equipped with the respective expansion valves.

[0098] Figure 3 A heat pump system provided by another embodiment of the present invention is shown. The heat pump system provided by another embodiment of the present invention utilizes three valves 74, 75, and 76.

[0099] A two-way valve 76 can be installed on the fourth refrigerant line 50 to open and close the line. An additional two-way valve 75 can be installed on the third refrigerant line 40 to open and close the line. A two-way valve 74 can be installed between the main refrigerant line 10 and the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30 to regulate the flow of refrigerant.

[0100] The directional regulating valves and expansion valves installed on the refrigerant lines provided in the various embodiments of the present invention can be configured as modules. Multiple directional regulating valves and expansion valves can be arranged and connected adjacently or integrally on the refrigerant lines to reduce the size of the heat pump system.

[0101] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the refrigerant pipeline and cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] Reference Figure 5 The configuration relationship between the refrigerant pipeline and the cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water pipeline 100 can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13 disposed on the main refrigerant pipeline 10.

[0103] The heater core 110, which is located on the first cooling water line 100, can be located together with the evaporator 22 in the air conditioning unit 1. In the air conditioning unit 1, the heater core 110 and the evaporator 22 can exchange heat with the air discharged into the passenger compartment to heat or cool the passenger compartment.

[0104] The second cooling water line 200 can be configured via a third heat exchanger 32 located on the second refrigerant line 30. The cooling water flowing in the second cooling water line 200 and the refrigerant flowing in the second refrigerant line 30 can exchange heat in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0105] The third cooling water line 300 can be configured via the powertrain module 310. The fourth cooling water line 400 can be configured via the fourth heat exchanger 410. The fourth heat exchanger 410 is capable of exchanging heat between external air and cooling water.

[0106] Through the configuration of the refrigerant pipelines and cooling water pipelines described above, the refrigerant can absorb heat by exchanging heat with the external air or the powertrain module 310 using the cooling water. Similarly, the cooling water can receive heat transferred from the refrigerant or transfer heat to the refrigerant to cool and heat the powertrain module 310.

[0107] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating a first configuration of a multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Reference Figure 6 In the first configuration, the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100, connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line 400, connects the outlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the inlet of the third cooling water line 300, and connects the outlet of the third cooling water line 300 to the inlet of the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0109] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the first configuration, a portion of the cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100. The remaining cooling water can circulate along the second cooling water line to the fourth cooling water line 200, 300, 400.

[0110] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a second configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0111] Reference Figure 7 Alternatively, in the second configuration, the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line 400, connects the outlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the inlet of the fourth cooling water line 400, connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the third cooling water line 300, and connects the outlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the inlet of the third cooling water line 300.

[0112] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the second configuration, a portion of the cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100 and the fourth cooling water line 400. The remaining cooling water can circulate along the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300.

[0113] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a third configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0114] Reference Figure 8 Alternatively, in the third configuration, the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the outlet of the first cooling water line 100, connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line 400, connects the outlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the inlet of the fourth cooling water line 400, and connects the inlet of the third cooling water line 300 to the outlet of the third cooling water line 300.

[0115] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the third configuration, a portion of the cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100. Another portion of the cooling water can circulate along the second cooling water line 200 and the fourth cooling water line 400. The remaining cooling water can circulate along the third cooling water line 300.

[0116] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating a fourth configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0117] Reference Figure 9 Alternatively, in the fourth configuration, the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the outlet of the first cooling water line 100, connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the third cooling water line 300, connects the outlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the inlet of the third cooling water line 300, and connects the inlet of the fourth cooling water line 400 to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0118] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fourth configuration, a portion of the cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100. Another portion of the cooling water can circulate along the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300. The remaining cooling water can circulate along the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0119] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating a fifth configuration of the multi-way valve in a cooling water pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] Reference Figure 10Alternatively, in the fifth configuration, the multi-way valve 500 connects the inlet of the first cooling water line 100 to the outlet of the third cooling water line 300, connects the inlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the outlet of the first cooling water line 100, connects the outlet of the second cooling water line 200 to the inlet of the third cooling water line 300, and connects the inlet of the fourth cooling water line 400 to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0121] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fifth configuration, a portion of the cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the third cooling water line 300. The remaining cooling water can circulate along the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0122] Figures 11 to 23 This diagram illustrates the refrigerant flow when a refrigerant pipeline, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, enables multiple air conditioning modes. The associated cooling water pipeline is illustrated in... Figures 6 to 10 ,therefore Figures 11 to 23 and Figures 6 to 10 The combination of represents the heat pump system provided by this invention.

[0123] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline implementing a cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention achieves a cooling mode capable of cooling a battery. Figure 13 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention enables a cooling mode that simultaneously performs cooling and battery cooling.

[0124] Reference Figures 11 to 13 In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat pump system, when in cooling mode, allows the refrigerant to flow along the main refrigerant line 10, while the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 can flow to either the first refrigerant line 20 or the second refrigerant line 30. Alternatively, the refrigerant can be branched and flow simultaneously in both the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30.

[0125] The refrigerant compressed in compressor 12 flows into second heat exchanger 15 after passing through first heat exchanger 13. High-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant can bypass first expansion valve 14 and pass through second heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant can exchange heat with outside air in second heat exchanger 15.

[0126] The refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 can flow to the first refrigerant line 20 or the second refrigerant line 30. The refrigerant can expand and be cooled in the second expansion valve 21 or the third expansion valve 31.

[0127] The cooled refrigerant can pass through the evaporator 22 or the third heat exchanger 32. When the refrigerant flows to the first refrigerant line 20, the cooled refrigerant can exchange heat with the air in the evaporator 22 to cool the interior of the vehicle. When the refrigerant flows to the second refrigerant line 30, the cooled refrigerant can exchange heat with the cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0128] In cooling mode, the multi-way valve 500 can be configured as either the first or second configuration.

[0129] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the first configuration.

[0130] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the first configuration, the first cooling water line 100 can form an independent flow path. The cooling water circulating in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13.

[0131] In the air conditioning unit 1, the direction of airflow into the passenger compartment can be adjusted via an additional door. The door can be configured to allow air to pass through the evaporator 22 but avoid passing through the heater core 110, thereby preventing the air from being heated. Therefore, air can be allowed to pass only through the evaporator 22 for cooling.

[0132] The second to fourth cooling water lines 200, 300, and 400 can be interconnected to allow cooling water to flow. That is, cooling water can pass through the third heat exchanger 32, the fourth heat exchanger 410, and the powertrain module 310.

[0133] like Figure 11 As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20, there may be no refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger 32. In this case, the cooling water may not exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32, but instead exchange heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410. When the outside air temperature is relatively low, the cooling water can exchange heat with the outside air to release the heat absorbed in the powertrain module 310.

[0134] like Figure 12 As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the second refrigerant line 30, the refrigerant expands in the third expansion valve 31 and passes through the third heat exchanger 32 in a cooled state. Therefore, the cooling water flowing in the second cooling water line 200 can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32 and be cooled. The cooled water can then flow to the powertrain module 310 to cool the powertrain module 310.

[0135] like Figure 13As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30, the cooled refrigerant can be used to cool the interior of the vehicle and the powertrain module 310.

[0136] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the second configuration.

[0137] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the second configuration, the first cooling water line 100 and the fourth cooling water line 400 can form a connected flow path. A portion of the cooling water can circulate in the first cooling water line 100 and the fourth cooling water line 400. The second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300 can also form a connected flow path. The remaining cooling water can circulate in the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300.

[0138] Since the first cooling water line 100 is connected to the fourth cooling water line 400, the cooling water can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13 and with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410. The cooling water that absorbs heat from the high-temperature refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13 can exchange heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410 to release heat to the outside.

[0139] Since the second cooling water line 200 is connected to the third cooling water line 300, the cooling water can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32 and pass through the third cooling water line 300, and the cooling water can also exchange heat with the powertrain module 310.

[0140] like Figure 11 As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20, there may be no refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger 32. In this case, the cooling water will not exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0141] The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can absorb heat by exchanging heat with the high-temperature refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13. After being cooled, the high-temperature refrigerant can flow to the second heat exchanger 15 and the evaporator 22. Since the refrigerant can be cooled by cooling water, the refrigeration efficiency can be improved.

[0142] The refrigerant heated in the first heat exchanger 13 flows to the fourth cooling water line 400 and then exchanges heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410 located in the fourth cooling water line 400. The high-temperature cooling water is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air. The cooled water can then absorb heat from the refrigerant again in the first heat exchanger 13.

[0143] like Figure 12 As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the second refrigerant line 30, the refrigerant can expand and be cooled in the third expansion valve 31. The cooled refrigerant can then exchange heat with cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, the cooling water flowing along the second cooling water line 200 can be cooled and then flow to the powertrain module 310 to cool the powertrain module 310.

[0144] like Figure 13 As shown, when the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20 and the second refrigerant line 30, the powertrain module 310 can be cooled at the same time as the interior of the vehicle is cooled by the cooled refrigerant.

[0145] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline implementing a heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline, according to an embodiment of the present invention, achieves a heating mode utilizing a heat exchanger. Figure 16 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline, according to an embodiment of the present invention, achieves a heating mode utilizing high-temperature gas. Figure 17 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention achieves a heating mode utilizing high-temperature gas and a heat exchanger.

[0146] Reference Figures 14 to 17 In one embodiment of the present invention, when the heat pump system is in heating mode, the refrigerant can flow along the main refrigerant line 10, while the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 can flow into the gas-liquid separator 11 along the third refrigerant line 40.

[0147] In heating mode, there is no need for the cooled refrigerant to exchange heat with the air flowing into the passenger compartment in the evaporator 22. Therefore, after passing through the second heat exchanger 15, the refrigerant can flow along the third refrigerant line 40 into the gas-liquid separator 11 and be compressed again. In heating mode, the heated refrigerant can exchange heat with the cooling water in the first heat exchanger 13 to heat the cooling water. The heated cooling water then exchanges heat with the air flowing into the passenger compartment in the heater core 110 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0148] After the refrigerant passes through the first heat exchanger 13 and expands in the first expansion valve 14, it flows to the second heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant expanding in the first expansion valve 14 can be cooled to a low temperature. The low-temperature refrigerant can exchange heat with the outside air in the second heat exchanger 15 to absorb heat from the outside air. The advantage is that the heat absorbed from the outside air can be used to heat the interior of the vehicle.

[0149] like Figure 15 As shown, in heating mode, to absorb electrical waste heat, the refrigerant can flow to the second refrigerant line 30. The refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 13 of the main refrigerant line 10 can flow to the second refrigerant line 30 via the fourth refrigerant line 50, instead of flowing towards the second heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant can expand and be cooled in the third expansion valve 31, and the cooled refrigerant can exchange heat with cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0150] The cooling water flowing to the third heat exchanger 32 can absorb waste heat by exchanging heat with the powertrain module 310 before flowing to the third heat exchanger 32. Then, the refrigerant can exchange heat with the cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32. After absorbing the heat generated in the powertrain module 310, the refrigerant flows to the gas-liquid separator 11, thereby using the heat for heating.

[0151] like Figure 16 As shown, in heating mode, a portion of the refrigerant flowing through compressor 12 can be branched and flow into the fifth refrigerant line 60. The refrigerant flowing into the fifth refrigerant line 60 can expand in the fourth expansion valve 61 and be cooled to a suitable level. Then, it can flow into the gas-liquid separator 11.

[0152] The refrigerant flowing in through the third refrigerant line 40 after passing through the first expansion valve 14 and the second heat exchanger 15 can mix with the refrigerant flowing in through the fifth refrigerant line 60 and flow into the gas-liquid separator 11.

[0153] Since the refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separator 11 via the fifth refrigerant line 60 is formed by expanding a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the compressor 12, its temperature may be relatively high. Therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 12 can be increased, thereby improving heating efficiency.

[0154] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 as well as Figure 16 The diagram shows a combined flow line of the refrigerant. A portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor 12 can flow into the gas-liquid separator 11 via the fifth refrigerant line 60, and a portion of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 13 can be branched and flow into the gas-liquid separator 11 along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30.

[0155] In heating mode, the multi-way valve 500 can be configured in a first, third, or fourth configuration. All four configurations connect the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100, creating an independent circulation path for the first cooling water line 100. Therefore, the cooling water heated in the first heat exchanger 13 can exchange heat with the air flowing into the passenger compartment in the heater core 110 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0156] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the first configuration.

[0157] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the first configuration, the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100 can be connected to heat the air flowing into the vehicle compartment, thereby providing heating for the vehicle compartment. The second to fourth cooling water lines 200, 300, and 400 can be connected to circulate the cooling water within these lines.

[0158] like Figure 14 as well as Figure 16 As shown, when the refrigerant does not flow along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, and therefore no heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water occurs in the third heat exchanger 32. In this case, heat exchange between the cooling water and the outside air can occur in the fourth heat exchanger 410 of the fourth cooling water line 400. The cooling water heated by the powertrain module 310 via the third cooling water line 300 can be cooled by heat exchange with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410.

[0159] like Figure 15 as well as Figure 17 As shown, while the refrigerant flows along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32. The refrigerant can be cooled by expanding in the third expansion valve 31 before flowing into the third heat exchanger 32. The cooled refrigerant can absorb heat by exchanging heat with the cooling water heated in the powertrain module 310. The advantage of this is that the waste heat from the powertrain module 310 can be used for heating.

[0160] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the third configuration.

[0161] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the third configuration, the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100 can be connected to heat the air flowing into the passenger compartment, thereby providing heating for the passenger compartment. The second cooling water line 200 can be connected to the fourth cooling water line 400, and the third cooling water line 300 can form an independent flow path.

[0162] Since the second cooling water line 200 is connected to the fourth cooling water line 400, the cooling water can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32 and with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410.

[0163] like Figure 14 as well as Figure 16 As shown, when the refrigerant does not flow along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, and therefore no heat exchange occurs between the refrigerant and the cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32. Since the third cooling water line 300 forms an independent flow path, the cooling water may not flow in the third cooling water line 300. The cooling water can flow through the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the fourth cooling water line 400.

[0164] like Figure 15 as well as Figure 17 As shown, while the refrigerant flows along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32. The refrigerant can be cooled by expanding in the third expansion valve 31 before flowing into the third heat exchanger 32.

[0165] The cooled water, which exchanges heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32, can absorb heat by exchanging heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger 410. Thus, the heat absorbed from the outside air can be used for heating.

[0166] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 as the fourth configuration.

[0167] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fourth configuration, the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line 100 can be connected to heat the air flowing into the passenger compartment, thereby providing heating for the passenger compartment. The second cooling water line 200 can be connected to the third cooling water line 300 to allow cooling water to circulate between the two lines. The fourth cooling water line 400 can form an independent flow path.

[0168] like Figure 14 as well as Figure 16As shown, when the refrigerant does not flow along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, and therefore no heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water occurs in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, the cooling water does not need to flow through the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300.

[0169] With the fourth cooling water line 400 configured as an independent flow path, it cannot exchange heat with the refrigerant or powertrain module 310, therefore the cooling water does not need to flow in the fourth cooling water line 400. Thus, all cooling water can flow along the first cooling water line 100 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0170] like Figure 15 as well as Figure 17 As shown, while the refrigerant flows along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32. The refrigerant can be cooled by expanding in the third expansion valve 31 before flowing into the third heat exchanger 32.

[0171] The cooling water circulating in the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300 can exchange heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. The cooling water can transfer the heat absorbed in the powertrain module 310 to the refrigerant. Thus, the waste heat of the powertrain module 310 can be used to heat the interior of the vehicle.

[0172] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-way valve 500 of the heat pump system can be configured in a fifth configuration in heating mode. In this case, the first cooling water line 100 may not form an independent flow path, but may be connected to the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300.

[0173] like Figure 14 as well as Figure 16 As shown, when the refrigerant does not flow along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, and therefore no heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water will occur in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0174] Cooling water can flow through the first cooling water line 100 to heat the passenger compartment. After flowing directly through the second cooling water line 200 without additional heat exchange, it flows to the third cooling water line 300, where it exchanges heat with the powertrain module 310. Since the cooling water flows through the first cooling water line 100 and is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant, a portion of the absorbed heat can be provided to the powertrain module 310. Thus, the powertrain module 310 can be heated simultaneously with the passenger compartment heating. Because the powertrain module 310 of an electric vehicle operates at its optimal efficiency only at moderate temperatures, it is necessary to prevent it from operating at excessively low temperatures. Heating the powertrain module 310 can improve the vehicle's energy efficiency.

[0175] like Figure 15 as well as Figure 17 As shown, while the refrigerant flows along the fourth refrigerant line 50 and the second refrigerant line 30, there is refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32. The refrigerant can be cooled by expanding in the third expansion valve 31 before flowing into the third heat exchanger 32.

[0176] Cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 to heat the interior of the vehicle can flow to the second cooling water line 200 and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Then, the cooling water can flow to the powertrain module 310 to heat it.

[0177] exist Figures 14 to 17 In the heating mode shown, when the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fifth configuration, the heating efficiency can be improved by adjusting the flow rate and expansion of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant line, and the energy efficiency can be improved by heating the power transmission system module 310.

[0178] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant pipeline implementing a series dehumidification mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline, according to an embodiment of the present invention, implements a series dehumidification mode utilizing high-temperature gas. Figure 20 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline, according to an embodiment of the present invention, achieves a series dehumidification mode capable of cooling a battery. Figure 21 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention achieves a series dehumidification mode that utilizes high-temperature gas to cool the battery.

[0179] Reference Figures 18 to 21When the heat pump system provided in one embodiment of the present invention implements the series dehumidification mode, the refrigerant can flow along the main refrigerant line 10, while the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 can flow via the first refrigerant line 20.

[0180] The refrigerant, compressed to a high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 12 passing through the main refrigerant line 10, can exchange heat with cooling water in the first heat exchanger 13 and then expand in the first expansion valve 14. In this case, the expansion amount can be less than in heating mode. In series dehumidification mode, the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first expansion valve 14 can be relatively higher than the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first expansion valve 14 in heating mode.

[0181] Then, the refrigerant can flow into the first refrigerant line 20 after passing through the second heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant expands and is cooled in the second expansion valve 21 of the first refrigerant line 20. Then, it can exchange heat with the air flowing into the compartment in the evaporator 22, causing water vapor in the air to condense for dehumidification. Since it is not in cooling mode, the air flowing into the compartment can be heated to a suitable temperature by exchanging heat with cooling water in the heater core 110.

[0182] The refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump system provided by this invention may not include the in-cabin heat exchanger found in conventional heat pump systems. A problem with conventional heat pump systems is that the in-cabin heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger, and the water-cooled heat exchanger are connected in series, and each heat exchanger requires heat; therefore, the heat supplied to the in-cabin heat exchanger may be insufficient.

[0183] In the present invention, the temperature of the air discharged into the passenger compartment can be regulated using the heater core 110 installed on the cooling water line. Since the refrigerant can expand through both the first expansion valve 14 and the second expansion valve 21, it can be adequately cooled. Therefore, it has the advantage of ensuring sufficient heat for the heater core 110 in series dehumidification mode.

[0184] Reference Figure 19 A portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor 12 in the main refrigerant line 10 can flow into the fifth refrigerant line 60. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant passing through the compressor 12 can flow along the fifth refrigerant line 60 into the gas-liquid separator 11. Because a fourth expansion valve 61 is provided on the fifth refrigerant line 60, the high-temperature refrigerant can expand and be cooled to a certain level. The degree of cooling in the fourth expansion valve 61 can be adjusted, and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separator 11 and the compressor 12 can be increased using the high-temperature refrigerant.

[0185] Reference Figure 20A portion of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 of the main refrigerant line 10 can flow into the second refrigerant line 30. The refrigerant flowing into the second refrigerant line 30 can then flow into the third heat exchanger 32 after expanding and being cooled.

[0186] The refrigerant can exchange heat with the cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32 to absorb heat from the cooling water. Therefore, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. The cooled water can then flow to the powertrain module 310 to cool the powertrain module 310.

[0187] Reference Figure 21 A portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor 12 in the main refrigerant line 10 can flow to the fifth refrigerant line 60, and a portion of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 in the main refrigerant line 10 can flow to the second refrigerant line 30. Therefore, in the series dehumidification mode, the heat possessed by the high-temperature refrigerant can be utilized, and the powertrain module 310 can also be cooled through the third heat exchanger 32.

[0188] In series dehumidification mode, the multi-way valve 500 can be configured as the first, fourth, or fifth configuration.

[0189] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the first configuration.

[0190] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the first configuration, the first cooling water line 100 can form an independent flow path. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13, and then transfers heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0191] The second to fourth cooling water pipelines 200, 300, and 400 can be connected to allow cooling water to circulate within these pipelines. For example... Figure 18 as well as Figure 19 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can exchange heat with the outside air to cool the powertrain module 310.

[0192] like Figure 20 as well as Figure 21As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, in the series dehumidification mode, the waste heat of the powertrain module 310 can be utilized. The powertrain module 310 can be cooled by external air and refrigerant.

[0193] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 as the fourth configuration.

[0194] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fourth configuration, the first cooling water line 100 can form an independent flow path. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13, and then transfers heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0195] The fourth cooling water line 400 forms an independent flow path. Therefore, cooling water does not need to flow in the fourth cooling water line 400. Cooling water flows in the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the third cooling water line 300, enabling all cooling water to be used for air conditioning.

[0196] The second cooling water pipeline 200 can be connected to the third cooling water pipeline 300 to allow cooling water to circulate in both the second cooling water pipeline 200 and the third cooling water pipeline 300.

[0197] like Figure 18 as well as Figure 19 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300 cannot exchange heat with the refrigerant. Cooling water does not flow in the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300; all cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100. That is, cooling water can flow centrally to the first cooling water line 100.

[0198] like Figure 20 as well as Figure 21 As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, in the series dehumidification mode, the waste heat of the powertrain module 310 can be utilized. The powertrain module 310 can be cooled by refrigerant.

[0199] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the fifth configuration.

[0200] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fifth configuration, the fourth cooling water line 400 forms an independent flow path. Cooling water may not flow in the fourth cooling water line 400. Cooling water flows in the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the third cooling water line 300, enabling all cooling water to be used for air conditioning.

[0201] The first cooling water line can be connected to the third cooling water line 100, 200, 300. The cooling water can circulate in the first cooling water line to the third cooling water line 100, 200, 300. The cooling water can flow along the first cooling water line 100, and after being heated by the first heat exchanger 13, it transfers the absorbed heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0202] Then, cooling water can flow along the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300. For example... Figure 18 as well as Figure 19 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can flow directly to the powertrain module 310 without being cooled, so as to heat the powertrain module 310.

[0203] like Figure 20 as well as Figure 21 As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Although the cooling water flowing through the first cooling water path can be used to heat the powertrain module 310, if the cooling water temperature is high, it may be difficult to heat the powertrain module 310 to a suitable temperature. The cooling water can be cooled to a suitable temperature by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32 before heating the powertrain module 310.

[0204] The third expansion valve 31, located on the second refrigerant line 30, can cool the refrigerant to a moderate temperature level to control the temperature of the cooling water that exchanges heat in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0205] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating a parallel dehumidification mode achieved by the refrigerant pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 23 This diagram illustrates a scenario where a refrigerant pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention achieves a parallel dehumidification mode capable of cooling a battery.

[0206] Reference Figure 22 as well as Figure 23When the heat pump system provided in one embodiment of the present invention implements the parallel dehumidification mode, the refrigerant may flow along the main refrigerant line 10, while a portion of the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20 after passing through the first heat exchanger 13, and the remaining refrigerant flows via the third refrigerant line 40 after passing through the second heat exchanger 15.

[0207] The refrigerant flowing along the first refrigerant line 20 can expand and be cooled in the second expansion valve 21, and then exchange heat with the air flowing into the passenger compartment in the evaporator 22 to dehumidify. The refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 15 can flow into the gas-liquid separator 11 along the third refrigerant line 40.

[0208] Since only a portion of the refrigerant flows along the first refrigerant line 20, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing along the first refrigerant line 20 may be less than in cooling mode. This allows the air exhausted into the passenger compartment to be cooled to a suitable level for dehumidification.

[0209] A portion of the refrigerant flowing into the first expansion valve 14 of the first refrigerant line 20 can be branched and flow into the second refrigerant line 30. The refrigerant can flow along the second refrigerant line 30 and expand and be cooled in the third expansion valve 31. The cooled refrigerant can then exchange heat with cooling water in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0210] Cooling water passing through the third heat exchanger 32 can flow to the powertrain module 310 to cool it.

[0211] In parallel dehumidification mode, the multi-way valve 500 can be configured as the first, fourth, or fifth configuration.

[0212] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the first configuration.

[0213] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the first configuration, the first cooling water line 100 can form an independent flow path. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13, and then transfers heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0214] The second to fourth cooling water pipelines 200, 300, and 400 can be connected to allow cooling water to circulate within these pipelines. For example... Figure 22 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can exchange heat with the outside air to cool the powertrain module 310.

[0215] like Figure 23 As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, in parallel dehumidification mode, the waste heat of the powertrain module 310 can be utilized. The powertrain module 310 can be cooled by external air and refrigerant.

[0216] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 as the fourth configuration.

[0217] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fourth configuration, the first cooling water line 100 can form an independent flow path. The cooling water flowing in the first cooling water line 100 can be heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 13, and then transfers heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0218] The fourth cooling water line 400 forms an independent flow path. Therefore, cooling water does not need to flow in the fourth cooling water line 400. Cooling water flows in the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the third cooling water line 300, enabling all cooling water to be used for air conditioning.

[0219] The second cooling water pipeline 200 can be connected to the third cooling water pipeline 300 to allow cooling water to circulate in both the second cooling water pipeline 200 and the third cooling water pipeline 300.

[0220] like Figure 22 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300 cannot exchange heat with the refrigerant. Cooling water does not flow in the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300; all cooling water can circulate along the first cooling water line 100. That is, cooling water can flow centrally to the first cooling water line 100.

[0221] like Figure 23 As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Therefore, in parallel dehumidification mode, the waste heat of the powertrain module 310 can be utilized. The powertrain module 310 can be cooled by refrigerant.

[0222] The following describes the configuration of the multi-way valve 500 in the fifth configuration.

[0223] When the multi-way valve 500 is configured in the fifth configuration, the fourth cooling water line 400 forms an independent flow path. Cooling water may not flow in the fourth cooling water line 400. Cooling water flows in the first cooling water line 100, the second cooling water line 200, and the third cooling water line 300, enabling all cooling water to be used for air conditioning.

[0224] The first cooling water line can be connected to the third cooling water line 100, 200, 300. The cooling water can circulate in the first cooling water line to the third cooling water line 100, 200, 300. The cooling water can flow along the first cooling water line 100, and after being heated by the first heat exchanger 13, it transfers the absorbed heat to the air discharged into the vehicle compartment through the heater core 110.

[0225] Then, cooling water can flow along the second cooling water line 200 and the third cooling water line 300. For example... Figure 22 As shown, when there is no refrigerant flowing through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can flow directly to the powertrain module 310 without being cooled, so as to heat the powertrain module 310.

[0226] like Figure 23 As shown, when refrigerant flows through the third heat exchanger 32, the cooling water can be cooled by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32. Although the cooling water passing through the first cooling water line 100 can be used to heat the powertrain module 310, if the cooling water temperature is high, it may be difficult to heat the powertrain module 310 to a suitable temperature. The cooling water can be cooled to a suitable temperature by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 32 before heating the powertrain module 310.

[0227] The third expansion valve 31, located on the second refrigerant line 30, can cool the refrigerant to a moderate temperature level to control the temperature of the cooling water that exchanges heat in the third heat exchanger 32.

[0228] The invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and alterations can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A heat pump system comprising: The main refrigerant line, which supplies the flow of refrigerant; A gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger are sequentially arranged on the main refrigerant pipeline; A first refrigerant line connects the second heat exchanger of the main refrigerant line to the gas-liquid separator and is equipped with an evaporator; The second refrigerant line is connected to the first refrigerant line and is connected in parallel with the first refrigerant line. A third heat exchanger is configured in the second refrigerant line; as well as Cooling water pipelines supply cooling water circulation. The cooling water pipeline includes: The first cooling water pipeline is configured to allow refrigerant and cooling water to exchange heat in the first heat exchanger and is equipped with a heater core, which is used to allow heated cooling water to exchange heat with air flowing into the vehicle compartment. The second cooling water line is configured to allow the refrigerant and cooling water to exchange heat in the third heat exchanger. The third cooling water line is configured to exchange heat with the powertrain module. The fourth cooling water pipeline includes a fourth heat exchanger; and A multi-way valve connects the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water line to the fourth cooling water line. The first cooling water pipeline to the fourth cooling water pipeline form a cooling water flow path that is connected or separated by the multi-way valve.

2. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein, A first expansion valve is disposed between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the main refrigerant pipeline, a second expansion valve is disposed on the inlet side of the evaporator on the first refrigerant pipeline, a third expansion valve is disposed on the inlet side of the third heat exchanger on the second refrigerant pipeline, and the second refrigerant pipeline branches off at the inlet side of the second expansion valve.

3. The heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein, The heat pump system also includes a third refrigerant line that supplies refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger to the gas-liquid separator.

4. The heat pump system according to claim 3, wherein, The heat pump system further includes a fourth refrigerant line, which branches between the first heat exchanger and the first expansion valve and forms a flow path to the outlet side of the second heat exchanger.

5. The heat pump system according to claim 4, wherein, The heat pump system further includes a fifth refrigerant line, which branches off from the flow path between the compressor and the first heat exchanger and forms the flow path to the inlet side of the gas-liquid separator. A fourth expansion valve is formed on the fifth refrigerant line.

6. The heat pump system according to claim 5, wherein, The multi-way valve can be configured into any one of five configurations depending on the air conditioning mode. The first configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected, the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline. The second configuration is as follows: the inlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline. The third configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected, the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the third cooling water pipeline are connected. The fourth configuration is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the first cooling water pipeline are connected, the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline are connected. The fifth configuration is as follows: the inlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the third cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the first cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the second cooling water pipeline, the outlet of the second cooling water pipeline is connected to the inlet of the third cooling water pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the fourth cooling water pipeline are connected.

7. The heat pump system according to claim 6, wherein, When the air conditioner is in cooling mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line, but bypasses the first expansion valve and flows through the second heat exchanger selectively into the first refrigerant line and the second refrigerant line, or simultaneously into the first refrigerant line and the second refrigerant line.

8. The heat pump system according to claim 7, wherein, The multi-way valve is configured in the first configuration, wherein the cooling water exchanges heat with the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger of the fourth cooling water pipeline and with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger to cool the powertrain module.

9. The heat pump system according to claim 6, wherein, When the air conditioner is in heating mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands in the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows into the gas-liquid separator along the third refrigerant line.

10. The heat pump system according to claim 9, wherein, The multi-way valve is configured in the first configuration, the third configuration, or the fourth configuration. After the cooling water flowing in the first cooling water pipeline is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger, it passes through the heater core and heats the interior of the vehicle.

11. The heat pump system according to claim 10, wherein, A portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor flows along the fifth refrigerant line and, after expanding in the fourth expansion valve, flows into the gas-liquid separator.

12. The heat pump system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, A portion of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger flows along the fourth refrigerant line to the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

13. The heat pump system according to claim 12, wherein, When the multi-way valve is in the first configuration, the cooling water absorbs heat from the outside air in the fourth heat exchanger, and after absorbing heat in the powertrain module, it transfers heat to the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger.

14. The heat pump system according to claim 6, wherein, When the air conditioner is in series dehumidification mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands through the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows along the first refrigerant line and expands in the second expansion valve.

15. The heat pump system according to claim 14, wherein, The multi-way valve is configured in either the first configuration or the fourth configuration, wherein cooling water heated in the first heat exchanger heats the air discharged into the passenger compartment in the heater core.

16. The heat pump system according to claim 15, wherein, A portion of the refrigerant passing through the compressor flows along the fifth refrigerant line and expands in the fourth expansion valve.

17. The heat pump system according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, A portion of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger flows along the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

18. The heat pump system according to claim 6, wherein, When the air conditioner is in parallel dehumidification mode, the refrigerant flows along the main refrigerant line and expands through the first expansion valve. The refrigerant that passes through the second heat exchanger flows along the third refrigerant line to the gas-liquid separator. A portion of the refrigerant that passes through the first heat exchanger flows along the fourth refrigerant line into the first refrigerant line and expands in the second expansion valve.

19. The heat pump system according to claim 18, wherein, Before flowing into the first refrigerant line, a portion of the refrigerant flows into the second refrigerant line and expands in the third expansion valve.

20. The heat pump system according to claim 18 or 19, wherein, The multi-way valve is configured in either the first configuration or the fourth configuration, wherein cooling water heated in the first heat exchanger heats the air discharged into the passenger compartment in the heater core.

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