Spring support hanger in low-temperature environment below-40 DEG C, low-temperature testing device and testing method
By using a heat-treated main spring support and a dynamic sealing device, the risk of brittle fracture of the spring support at extreme low temperatures and the problem of poor sealing of the test equipment are solved, enabling highly reliable test data acquisition, which is suitable for the LNG and aerospace fields.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, spring supports are prone to brittle fracture in extreme low temperature environments. There is a lack of effective low temperature performance testing methods, and the poor sealing of testing equipment leads to inaccurate test results or equipment damage.
The main spring support bracket, which adopts tempering and heat treatment, combined with dynamic sealing device and linkage mechanism, realizes sealing and testing in low temperature environment, and obtains accurate data through comparative testing at room temperature and low temperature.
It solves the brittleness problem of spring supports at extreme low temperatures, ensures the accuracy of test data and the protection of equipment, and provides highly reliable safety components suitable for LNG and aerospace applications.
Smart Images
Figure CN121830012A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to a spring support hanger in a low-temperature environment below-40℃, a low-temperature testing device and a testing method. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a key supporting component in the pipeline system, the spring support hanger is widely used in the fields of petrochemical industry, liquefied natural gas transportation, aerospace and deep cold chemical industry, and its core function is to bear the load of the pipeline, compensate for the thermal displacement and absorb the vibration, which is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the entire pipeline system. In particular, in the scenarios of LNG receiving station and polar resource development, the pipeline and its support hanger are exposed to an extreme low-temperature environment of-40℃ or even-80℃ for a long time.
[0003] Currently, the following three outstanding problems exist in this technical field: (1) The core elastic element of the conventional industrial spring support hanger is a spring made of medium-carbon alloy spring steel such as 60Si2Mn, which has limited low-temperature toughness reserve. When exposed to an extreme low-temperature environment below-40℃ for a long time, the material is prone to ductile-brittle transition and has a significant risk of low-temperature brittle fracture, which poses a serious safety hazard to major industrial facilities. There is a lack of special high-toughness spring support hanger product solutions and standards from material selection to heat treatment process for such working conditions in the industry. (2) The performance verification of the spring support hanger is mostly carried out at room temperature, and there is a lack of effective testing means to simulate the real low-temperature service environment. First, since the spring support hanger is a large component, its whole machine testing requires a large enough low-temperature environment box, but there is a lack of standardized low-temperature environment boxes that can meet the testing of such large-size samples on the market. Secondly, and more importantly, there is a lack of effective low-temperature sealing solutions in the existing technology. When the actuator head of the testing machine needs to be inserted into the environment box to load the sample for testing, the movement gap between the actuator head and the opening of the box will cause a large amount of cold leakage, a sharp temperature fluctuation in the box, and frosting and icing at the box opening, which may even cause the actuator head to be stuck, making the test impossible or the results seriously inaccurate. This leads to a lack of real and reliable low-temperature performance data as a basis for engineering selection. (3) Some simple low-temperature immersion tests cannot simulate the stress state of the support hanger in the real pipeline system, and the test working conditions deviate greatly from the actual working conditions. If the testing mechanism is placed in the low-temperature box for a long time, the sealing problem can be solved, but the precision testing equipment will be damaged or its precision will be reduced due to long-term exposure to low temperature. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the industry for a testing method that can truly simulate the long-term low-temperature environment of the support hanger under stress without subjecting the testing mechanism to long-term low temperature.
[0004] Therefore, we provide a spring support hanger in a low-temperature environment below-40℃, a low-temperature testing device and a testing method to solve the above-mentioned problems. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spring support bracket, a low-temperature testing device, and a testing method for low-temperature environments below -40°C, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spring support bracket for low-temperature environments below -40℃ includes a spring support bracket, which includes a support base, a guide cylinder on the support base, a pressure column movably inserted into the guide cylinder, a main spring sleeved on the pressure column, a hanger rod connector at the top of the pressure column, the main spring being located between the hanger rod connector and the guide cylinder, and a knife-shaped cam hinged to the support base and an auxiliary spring fixed to the support base on both sides of the hanger rod connector, with one end of the auxiliary spring fixed to the knife-shaped cam.
[0007] It should be noted that the core elastic element of the spring support, the main spring, undergoes tempering heat treatment, which fundamentally solves the problem of low-temperature brittleness and ensures its safety margin in extreme environments. The spring support can be a constant force spring support, a variable spring support, or a high-precision constant force spring support, etc.
[0008] A device for conducting low-temperature testing on spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ includes a spring testing machine and a low-temperature environment chamber. The support base is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber, and a low-temperature medium supply unit for cooling the interior of the low-temperature environment chamber is provided on one side of the chamber. The spring testing machine includes a testing frame, and a pressure rod that can move up and down is provided on the inner side of the testing frame. An actuating head is provided at the end of the pressure rod, and the pressure rod is driven to move up and down by a first driving mechanism. The actuator head is integrated with force and displacement sensors, and the low-temperature environment chamber is integrated with temperature sensors. It also includes a data acquisition and processing unit, which is connected to the force and displacement sensor and the temperature sensor via electrical signals; The low-temperature environment chamber has an opening at the top. The actuator extends into the low-temperature environment chamber through the opening and is detachably connected to the hanging rod connector. The opening is equipped with a heat preservation and sealing device.
[0009] The apparatus for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ as described above: the low-temperature medium supply unit includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank, which is connected to the interior of the low-temperature environment chamber through a delivery pipe.
[0010] The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ as described above: the first driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the test frame, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a piston rod, the piston rod is fixed with the pressure rod, and the test frame is provided with a limiting component for the up and down movement of the pressure rod.
[0011] The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ as described above: the limiting component includes a movable frame fixed on the pressure rod, and the movable frame is slidably engaged with the test frame.
[0012] The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ as described above: The heat preservation and sealing device includes a rubber bellows sleeved on the pressure rod, one end of the rubber bellows is sealed and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure rod, and the other end is sealed and fixed at the outer perimeter of the top of the box opening; The thermal insulation and sealing device also includes a dynamic sealing mechanism, which includes two door hinges rotatably mounted on the low-temperature environment chamber. The bottom end of each door hinge is provided with a sealing door leaf. The two sealing door leaves are respectively located at the bottom of the chamber opening and rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the low-temperature environment chamber. The door hinges and the movable frame are connected by a linkage mechanism. When the movable frame moves down to the first height, it will drive the two sealing door leaves at the bottom of the chamber opening to rotate and open synchronously. When the movable frame continues to move down, the two sealing door leaves remain open.
[0013] The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃, as described above, includes a linkage mechanism comprising a linkage sleeve fixed on a movable frame, a door hinge movably inserted into the linkage sleeve, a shaped guide groove on the outer wall of the door hinge, a ball bearing embedded and engaged in the inner wall of the linkage sleeve, the ball bearing movably engaged in the shaped guide groove, and the shaped guide groove consisting of three connected grooves, which, from top to bottom, are a first straight groove, an arc groove, and a second straight groove.
[0014] The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃, as described above, includes a low-temperature resistant electromagnet integrated at the bottom of the actuator head, and a magnetically conductive suction cup correspondingly installed on the rod connector.
[0015] A method for testing spring supports using the aforementioned low-temperature testing device includes the following steps: S1, the spring support is detachably connected to the lower end of the actuator head of the test device via the rod connector. Under normal temperature conditions, the first drive mechanism is activated, causing the pressure rod to move up and down, which drives the actuator head to perform full-stroke loading or unloading motion on the rod connector. Data is collected in real time by force and displacement sensors, and the normal temperature performance benchmark curve of the spring support is recorded by the data acquisition and processing unit. After the normal temperature test is completed, the first drive mechanism is operated to lift the pressure rod, so that the spring support is separated from the actuator head, and the spring support is placed separately in the predetermined position in the low temperature environment chamber. S2, start the cryogenic medium supply unit, and introduce cryogenic medium such as liquid nitrogen into the cryogenic environment chamber through the delivery pipe to rapidly reduce the temperature inside the chamber to the target temperature. After the target temperature is reached, maintain the temperature and keep the spring support bracket in the cryogenic environment chamber for at least 24 hours to ensure that its internal temperature reaches the test temperature uniformly. S3, control the first drive mechanism to move the pressure rod downward. When the movable frame on the pressure rod descends to the first height, the two sealing doors are driven to rotate around their pivot and open through the linkage mechanism consisting of a linkage sleeve, ball bearings and a shaped guide groove, forming a channel for the pressure rod to pass through. The pressure rod continues to descend, causing the rubber bellows on its outer wall to extend until the actuator head is completely placed in the predetermined position inside the low-temperature environment chamber. At this time, the two sealing doors remain open under the action of the linkage mechanism, and the pressure rod and the chamber opening are dynamically sealed by the extended rubber bellows. S4. Under the continuous low temperature environment, the first drive mechanism is restarted again, so that the actuator drives the spring support in the low temperature state to perform the same full stroke movement as in step S1. The force and displacement sensors collect the test data under low temperature in real time, and the data acquisition and processing unit records the low temperature performance curve of the spring support. S5. After the low temperature test is completed, the first drive mechanism is operated to lift the pressure bar. When the movable frame rises to a specific position, the linkage mechanism will drive the two sealing doors to rotate in opposite directions and close, re-sealing the top opening of the low temperature environment chamber. The data acquisition and processing unit will compare and analyze the low temperature performance data obtained in step S4 with the normal temperature performance benchmark data obtained in step S1.
[0016] The method for testing spring supports using the low-temperature testing device described above: In step S2, the target temperature is -40°C to -80°C.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The core elastic element of the spring support bracket of the present invention, the main spring, is subjected to heat treatment to ensure that the material can maintain excellent toughness at extreme low temperatures of -40℃ to -80℃, which fundamentally overcomes the risk of low-temperature brittle fracture of traditional materials such as 60Si2Mn, and provides a highly reliable safety component for cryogenic pipeline systems in the fields of LNG, aerospace and other fields. (2) The present invention achieves automatic opening of the sealing door when the pressure rod moves down, dynamic sealing of the chamber opening during the test process, and automatic closing of the chamber opening after rising by the coordinated action of the sealing door and the rubber bellows controlled by the movable frame and linkage mechanism. This design effectively solves the problem of dynamic sealing between the actuator and the low temperature environment chamber during the test of large sample, greatly reduces cold leakage, and ensures the stability and accuracy of the test temperature. (3) The present invention effectively avoids the long-term exposure of precision force and displacement sensors and other testing mechanisms to extreme low temperatures by first immersing the spring support bracket at low temperatures and then conducting the actuator connection test. This protects the expensive and precision testing equipment, extends its service life, and ensures the long-term reliability of the test data. (4) This invention eliminates equipment system errors by conducting comparative tests at normal and low temperatures on a single device platform. It can accurately obtain the quantitative influence of temperature changes on the constant force characteristics, stiffness, and friction of spring supports and hangers. It also integrates temperature closed-loop control, automatic data acquisition and analysis, and the testing process is highly automated with little human interference. The data is reliable and has good repeatability. This method and system are not only applicable to spring supports and hangers, but can also be extended to the performance testing of shock absorbers and precision elastic elements at extreme temperatures, with a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spring support hanger and a low-temperature testing device for environments below -40℃.
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.
[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.
[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.
[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.
[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.
[0025] In the diagram: 1. Spring support bracket; 101. Support base; 102. Guide cylinder; 103. Pressure column; 104. Main spring; 105. Hanger rod connector; 106. Knife-shaped cam; 107. Auxiliary spring; 2. Spring testing machine; 201. Pressure rod; 202. Actuating head; 203. Movable frame; 204. Testing machine frame; 205. Hydraulic cylinder; 206. Piston rod; 3. Low temperature environment chamber; 4. Liquid nitrogen storage tank; 5. Delivery pipe; 6. Rubber bellows; 7. Dynamic sealing mechanism; 701. Door hinge; 702. Sealing door leaf; 703. Linkage sleeve; 8. Ball bearing; 9. Irregular guide groove; 10. Data acquisition and processing unit; 11. Box opening. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
[0027] Please see Figures 1-7 As an embodiment of the present invention, a spring support bracket for low-temperature environments below -40℃ includes a spring support bracket 1. The spring support bracket 1 includes a support base 101. A guide cylinder 102 is provided on the support base 101. A pressure column 103 is movably inserted into the guide cylinder 102. A main spring 104 is sleeved on the pressure column 103. A hanger rod connector 105 is provided at the top of the pressure column 103. The main spring 104 is located between the hanger rod connector 105 and the guide cylinder 102. A knife-shaped cam 106 hinged to the support base 101 and an auxiliary spring 107 fixed to the support base 101 are respectively provided on both sides of the hanger rod connector 105. One end of the auxiliary spring 107 is fixed to the knife-shaped cam 106.
[0028] In this embodiment, the main spring 104 undergoes a tempering heat treatment process, and the material has an impact energy of not less than 27J at -40℃, which essentially solves the problem of low-temperature brittleness and ensures its safety margin in extreme environments. The spring support 1 can be a constant force spring support, a variable spring support, or a high-precision constant force spring support, etc.
[0029] A device for conducting low-temperature testing on spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ includes a spring testing machine 2 and a low-temperature environment chamber 3. A support base 101 is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber 3, and a low-temperature medium supply unit for cooling the interior of the low-temperature environment chamber 3 is provided on one side of the low-temperature environment chamber 3. The spring testing machine 2 includes a testing frame 204, and a pressure rod 201 that can move up and down is provided inside the testing frame 204. An actuating head 202 is provided at the end of the pressure rod 201. The pressure rod 201 is driven to move up and down by a first driving mechanism. A force and displacement sensor is integrated on the actuator head 202, and a temperature sensor is integrated inside the low-temperature environment chamber 3. It also includes a data acquisition and processing unit 10, which is connected to the force and displacement sensor and the temperature sensor via electrical signals. The low-temperature environment chamber 3 has an opening 11 at the top. The actuator 202 extends into the low-temperature environment chamber 3 through the opening 11 and is detachably connected to the hanger rod connector 105. The opening 11 is equipped with a heat preservation and sealing device.
[0030] In this embodiment, when the spring support 1 is subjected to a low-temperature test, the spring support 1 is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber 3 via its support base 101. The low-temperature medium supply unit starts working, supplying a low-temperature medium into the low-temperature environment chamber 3, causing its internal space to drop to and maintain the required extremely low test temperature. When a mechanical test is required, the first drive mechanism drives the pressure rod 201 to move downward under the guidance of the test frame 204, causing the actuator head 202 at its end to descend together. The actuator head 202 passes through the opening 11 at the top of the low-temperature environment chamber 3 and enters the chamber, achieving a detachable connection with the corresponding part of the hanger rod connector 105 on the spring support 1. During this process, the heat preservation and sealing device at the opening 11 at the top of the low-temperature environment chamber 3 is triggered or functions to minimize the leakage of cold energy inside the low-temperature environment chamber 3. The actuator head 202 is connected to the hanger rod connector 105. After completion, the first drive mechanism continues to drive the pressure rod 201 to move precisely up and down, and then applies tensile and compressive loads to the hanger connector 105 on the spring support 1 in a low-temperature environment through the actuator 202, simulating its working state. When the hanger connector 105 moves up and down, it will compress and extend the main spring 104, thereby testing the performance of the core elastic element, the main spring 104. The force and displacement sensors integrated on the actuator 202 monitor and collect mechanical data in real time during the test process. At the same time, the temperature sensor integrated in the low-temperature environment chamber 3 can monitor the real-time ambient temperature in the low-temperature environment chamber 3. All these sensor data are transmitted to the data acquisition and processing unit 10 through electrical signals. The data acquisition and processing unit 10 is a computer, which records, processes and analyzes the data to obtain the performance characteristics of the spring support 1 in an extreme low-temperature environment.
[0031] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the cryogenic medium supply unit includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank 4, which is connected to the interior of the cryogenic environment chamber 3 via a delivery pipe 5.
[0032] In this embodiment, the liquid nitrogen stored inside the liquid nitrogen storage tank 4 is controllably transported to the cryogenic environment chamber 3 through the delivery pipe 5. By precisely controlling the injection amount or frequency of liquid nitrogen, the temperature inside the cryogenic environment chamber 3 can be rapidly reduced and stably maintained, providing a stable and uniform extreme low temperature environment for testing.
[0033] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 205 fixed on the test frame 204, a piston rod 206 is provided at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 205, the piston rod 206 is fixed to the pressure rod 201, and a limiting component is provided on the test frame 204 when the pressure rod 201 moves up and down.
[0034] In this embodiment, when the hydraulic cylinder 205 is activated, it drives the piston rod 206 to make precise linear motion, thereby causing the pressure rod 201, which is fixed to the piston rod 206, to move up and down controllably along the test frame 204, so as to achieve precise loading of the test spring support 1.
[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limiting component includes a movable frame 203 fixed on the pressure rod 201, and the movable frame 203 is slidably engaged with the test frame 204.
[0036] In this embodiment, the movable frame 203 fixed on the pressure rod 201 slides in conjunction with the test frame 204, ensuring the straightness and stability of the movement of the pressure rod 201 and preventing twisting or swaying. More importantly, the up-and-down movement of the movable frame 203 is used to trigger the subsequent opening and closing linkage of the sealing door 702.
[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the heat preservation and sealing device includes a rubber bellows 6 sleeved on the pressure rod 201. One end of the rubber bellows 6 is sealed and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure rod 201, and the other end is sealed and fixed at the outer periphery of the top of the box opening 11. The thermal insulation and sealing device also includes a dynamic sealing mechanism 7, which includes two door hinges 701 rotatably mounted on the low-temperature environment chamber 3. The bottom end of the door hinges 701 is provided with a sealing door 702. The two sealing door 702 are respectively located at the bottom of the chamber opening 11 and rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the low-temperature environment chamber 3. The door hinges 701 and the movable frame 203 are connected by a linkage mechanism. When the movable frame 203 moves down to the first height, it will drive the two sealing door 702 at the bottom of the chamber opening 11 to rotate and open synchronously. When the movable frame 203 continues to move down, the two sealing door 702 remain open.
[0038] In this embodiment, when the pressure rod 201 drives the movable frame 203 downward, the linkage sleeve 703 fixed on the movable frame 203 also descends. Initially, the door hinge 701 does not rotate. When the pressure rod 201 drives the movable frame 203 downward to a preset first height, it drives the sealing door 702 fixed at its bottom to rotate synchronously around the pivot and open, forming a channel for the pressure rod 201 to pass through. When the pressure rod 201 continues to descend, the sealing door 702 remains open. At the same time, when the pressure rod 201 descends, the rubber corrugated tube 6 sleeved on the pressure rod 201 will extend accordingly. Its two ends are respectively sealed and fixed to the outer wall of the pressure rod 201 and the top of the low temperature environment chamber 3, forming a dynamic seal between the pressure rod 201 and the chamber opening 11, effectively isolating the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the low temperature environment chamber 3.
[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage sleeve 703 fixed on the movable frame 203, a door hinge 701 movably inserted into the linkage sleeve 703, an irregularly shaped guide groove 9 being provided on the outer wall of the door hinge 701, and a ball bearing 8 being embedded and engaged in the inner wall of the linkage sleeve 703. The ball bearing 8 is movably engaged in the irregularly shaped guide groove 9, which is composed of three sections connected together, namely, a first straight groove, an arc groove, and a second straight groove from top to bottom.
[0040] In this embodiment, when the pressure rod 201 moves downward, the linkage sleeve 703 fixed on the movable frame 203 moves downward synchronously, causing the ball bearings 8 embedded in its inner wall to slide relative to each other in the irregular guide groove 9 of the door hinge 701. In the initial stage of downward movement, the ball bearings 8 move along the first straight groove, and there is no transmission stroke in this stage. When entering the arc groove section, the groove wall exerts lateral pressure on the ball bearings 8, forcing the door hinge 701 to rotate, thereby opening the sealed door leaf 702. Subsequently, the ball bearings 8 enter the second straight groove, and the pressure rod 201 can continue to move downward, while the sealed door leaf 702 remains in the open position. The upward movement is the opposite, which can close the sealed door leaf 702 again. This design accurately converts the vertical movement of the pressure rod 201 into the rotational movement of the sealed door leaf 702, realizing the automation and linkage of opening and closing.
[0041] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a low-temperature resistant electromagnet is integrated and installed at the bottom of the actuator 202, and a suction cup made of magnetic material is correspondingly installed on the rod connector 105.
[0042] In this embodiment, when the actuator 202 descends to contact the boom connector 105, the control system energizes the low-temperature electromagnet to generate a strong magnetic force, which attracts the magnetic chuck on the boom connector 105, thereby achieving a fast and automatic connection. After the test is completed, the current is turned off, the magnetic force disappears, and the two can be separated.
[0043] In use, the testing process begins at room temperature. First, the spring support 1 is connected to the actuator 202 for room temperature performance testing to obtain baseline data. Then, the connection is separated, and the spring support 1 is placed alone in the low-temperature environment chamber 3 and fixed. Next, the low-temperature medium supply unit is activated to introduce liquid nitrogen into the chamber, rapidly lowering its internal temperature to the target low temperature, such as -40°C, and maintaining this temperature for a sufficient time to ensure that the entire sample reaches the test temperature. After the temperature maintenance is completed, the first drive mechanism is activated to drive the pressure rod 201 downward. During the downward movement, the movable frame 203 fixed to it automatically opens the sealing door 702 at the chamber opening 11 through a linkage mechanism. The actuator 202 continues to descend into the low-temperature environment chamber 3 and connects with the end of the spring support 1 in the low-temperature state through electromagnetic adsorption. The connecting parts 105 of the spring support 1 are automatically connected. At this time, the rubber bellows 6 forms a dynamic seal between the pressure rod 201 and the box opening 11. After the connection is complete, the first drive mechanism drives the pressure rod 201 to move up and down precisely, applying a load to the spring support 1 to simulate its working state. The force and displacement sensors integrated on the actuator 202 collect mechanical data in real time, and the temperature sensor in the low-temperature environment chamber 3 monitors the ambient temperature. All data are transmitted to the data acquisition and processing unit 10 for analysis. After the test is completed, the pressure rod 201 rises, and the linkage mechanism controls the sealing door 702 to close automatically. The data acquisition and processing unit 10 compares the low-temperature test data with the normal temperature reference data to scientifically evaluate the performance reliability of the spring support 1 in extreme low-temperature environments.
[0044] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A spring support bracket for low-temperature environments below -40℃, comprising a spring support bracket (1), characterized in that the spring support bracket (1) comprises a support base (101), a guide cylinder (102) is provided on the support base (101), a pressure column (103) is movably inserted into the guide cylinder (102), a main spring (104) is sleeved on the pressure column (103), a rod connector (105) is provided at the top of the pressure column (103), the main spring (104) is located between the rod connector (105) and the guide cylinder (102), and a knife-shaped cam (106) hinged to the support base (101) and an auxiliary spring (107) fixed to the support base (101) are respectively provided on both sides of the rod connector (105), and one end of the auxiliary spring (107) is fixed to the knife-shaped cam (106).
2. An apparatus for performing low-temperature testing on a spring support bracket in a low-temperature environment below -40℃ as described in claim 1, comprising a spring testing machine (2) and a low-temperature environment chamber (3), characterized in that the support base (101) is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber (3), and a low-temperature medium supply unit for cooling the interior of the low-temperature environment chamber (3) is provided on one side of the low-temperature environment chamber (3); The spring testing machine (2) includes a testing frame (204), and a pressure rod (201) that can move up and down is provided inside the testing frame (204). An actuating head (202) is provided at the end of the pressure rod (201). The pressure rod (201) is driven to move up and down by a first driving mechanism. The actuator (202) is equipped with a force and displacement sensor, and the low temperature environment chamber (3) is equipped with a temperature sensor. It also includes a data acquisition and processing unit (10), which is connected to the force and displacement sensor and the temperature sensor via electrical signals; The low-temperature environment chamber (3) has an opening (11) at the top. The actuator (202) passes through the opening (11) and extends into the low-temperature environment chamber (3), and is detachably connected to the rod connector (105). The opening (11) is equipped with a heat preservation and sealing device.
3. The apparatus for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ according to claim 2, characterized in that the low-temperature medium supply unit includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank (4), and the liquid nitrogen storage tank (4) is connected to the interior of the low-temperature environment chamber (3) through a delivery pipe (5).
4. The apparatus for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ according to claim 2, characterized in that the first driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder (205) fixed on the test frame (204), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (205) is provided with a piston rod (206), the piston rod (206) is fixed with the pressure rod (201), and the test frame (204) is provided with a limiting component for the pressure rod (201) to move up and down.
5. The apparatus for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ according to claim 4, characterized in that the limiting component includes a movable frame (203) fixed on the pressure rod (201), and the movable frame (203) is slidably engaged with the test frame (204).
6. The device for low-temperature testing of spring support hanger in low-temperature environment below -40℃ according to claim 5, characterized in that the heat preservation and sealing device includes a rubber bellows (6) sleeved on the pressure rod (201), one end of the rubber bellows (6) is sealed and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure rod (201), and the other end is sealed and fixed at the outer periphery of the top of the box opening (11). The thermal insulation and sealing device also includes a dynamic sealing mechanism (7), which includes two door hinges (701) rotatably mounted on the low temperature environment chamber (3). The bottom end of the door hinges (701) is provided with a sealing door leaf (702). The two sealing door leaves (702) are respectively located at the bottom of the chamber opening (11) and rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the low temperature environment chamber (3). The door hinges (701) and the movable frame (203) cooperate through a linkage mechanism. When the movable frame (203) moves down to the first height, it will drive the two sealing door leaves (702) at the bottom of the chamber opening (11) to rotate and open synchronously. When the movable frame (203) continues to move down, the two sealing door leaves (702) remain open.
7. The device for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ according to claim 6, characterized in that the linkage mechanism includes a linkage sleeve (703) fixed on the movable frame (203), the door hinge (701) is movably inserted into the linkage sleeve (703), the outer wall of the door hinge (701) is provided with a shaped guide groove (9), the inner wall of the linkage sleeve (703) is embedded with a ball (8), the ball (8) is movably engaged in the shaped guide groove (9), and the shaped guide groove (9) is composed of three grooves connected together, which are, from top to bottom, a first straight groove, an arc groove and a second straight groove.
8. The apparatus for low-temperature testing of spring supports in low-temperature environments below -40℃ according to claim 2, characterized in that a low-temperature resistant electromagnet is integrated at the bottom of the actuating head (202), and a magnetically conductive suction cup is correspondingly installed on the rod connector (105).
9. A method for testing a spring support bracket using the low-temperature testing device as described in any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1, the spring support (1) is detachably connected to the lower end of the actuator (202) of the test device through the rod connector (105) on it. Under normal temperature conditions, the first drive mechanism is started, so that the pressure rod (201) moves up and down, driving the actuator (202) to pull and compress the rod connector (105) to perform full-stroke loading or unloading motion on the spring support (1). Data is collected in real time by force and displacement sensors, and the normal temperature performance benchmark curve of the spring support (1) is recorded by the data acquisition and processing unit (10). After the normal temperature test is completed, the first drive mechanism is operated to lift the pressure rod (201) so that the spring support (1) is separated from the actuator (202), and the spring support (1) is placed separately in the predetermined position in the low temperature environment chamber (3). S2, start the low temperature medium supply unit, and introduce liquid nitrogen and other low temperature media into the low temperature environment chamber (3) through the delivery pipe (5) to make the temperature inside the chamber drop rapidly to the target temperature. After the target temperature is reached, maintain the temperature and keep the spring support (1) in the low temperature environment chamber (3) for at least 24 hours to ensure that its internal temperature reaches the test temperature uniformly. S3, manipulate the first drive mechanism to move the pressure rod (201) downward. When the movable frame (203) on the pressure rod (201) descends to the first height, the two sealing doors (702) are driven to rotate around their axis and open through the linkage mechanism consisting of the linkage sleeve (703), ball (8) and irregular guide groove (9), forming a channel for the pressure rod (201) to pass through. The pressure rod (201) continues to descend, causing the rubber bellows (6) sleeved on its outer wall to extend until the actuator (202) is completely placed in the predetermined position inside the low temperature environment chamber (3). At this time, the two sealing doors (702) remain open under the action of the linkage mechanism, and the pressure rod (201) and the chamber opening (11) are dynamically sealed by the extended rubber bellows (6). S4. Under the continuous low temperature environment, the first drive mechanism is restarted again, so that the actuator (202) drives the spring support (1) in the low temperature state to perform the same full stroke movement as in step S1. The force and displacement sensors collect test data under low temperature in real time, and the low temperature performance curve of the spring support (1) is recorded by the data acquisition and processing unit (10). S5. After the low temperature test is completed, the first drive mechanism is operated to lift the pressure bar (201). When the movable frame (203) rises to a specific position, the linkage mechanism will drive the two sealing doors (702) to rotate in opposite directions to close and re-close the top opening of the low temperature environment chamber (3). The data acquisition and processing unit (10) will compare and analyze the low temperature performance data obtained in step S4 with the normal temperature performance benchmark data obtained in step S1.
10. The method for testing a spring support bracket using the low-temperature testing device according to claim 9, wherein the target temperature in step S2 is -40°C to -80°C.