Tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connecting piece of stainless steel pipeline system for ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property detection equipment, in particular to a marine stainless steel pipeline system pressure-bearing connecting piece tensile testing machine which comprises a base, a frame, a lower chuck, a cross beam, an upper chuck and an intelligent sensor and further comprises a hydraulic buffering assembly, a built-in groove, spherical particles, a gathering and dispersing assembly, a transmission assembly and a particle damping assembly. Through the cooperative cooperation of the hydraulic buffer assembly, the built-in groove, the spherical particles, the gathering and dispersing assembly, the transmission assembly and the particle damping assembly, the problems that in the prior art, when a high-strength pressure-bearing connecting piece tensile test is carried out, due to fracture impact, energy accumulation of an upper chuck and a cross beam and hidden welding line fatigue crack propagation of a frame are caused; the device has the advantages that the upper chuck is effectively buffered, the influence of fracture impact on the device is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the detection precision of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material mechanical property testing equipment, specifically a tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of stainless steel piping systems for ships. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure-bearing connectors (such as flanges, joints, and clamps) play a crucial role as key load-bearing nodes in marine stainless steel piping systems. The media transported by marine piping systems (such as seawater, fuel oil, steam, and hydraulic oil) are mostly under high pressure, with conventional piping pressures ranging from 0.6 to 16 MPa, and high-pressure hydraulic piping pressures exceeding 30 MPa. Furthermore, ships experience turbulence, rolling, and vibration during navigation, causing connectors to continuously bear axial tensile forces as well as the combined forces of static and alternating loads.

[0003] The tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connections in marine stainless steel piping systems is a professional mechanical property testing device specifically designed for the marine industry. Its upper and lower clamps are equipped with intelligent sensors, enabling real-time and accurate sensing and data acquisition of force, displacement, and clamping status during the test. The core function of this equipment is to test the static tensile mechanical properties of pressure-bearing stainless steel fittings such as flanges, joints, clamps, and socket weld connections in marine piping systems. It is a core testing device in shipbuilding, piping system fitting testing, and ship quality inspection. It is not only suitable for the high-pressure, corrosion-resistant, and high-reliability operating conditions of marine piping systems, but also relies on the high-precision sensing capabilities of the intelligent sensors in the clamps to ensure that the test data more closely reflects actual stress conditions, while fully meeting the relevant standards and requirements for marine industry and general metal testing.

[0004] In marine stainless steel piping systems, there are many types of pressure-bearing connectors. When a unified tensile testing machine performs tensile tests on different types of pressure-bearing connectors, thick-walled, large-diameter compression fittings or precision threaded connectors, due to their large cross-sectional area and extremely high material strength, accumulate enormous stress before fracture. This causes the hundreds of kilonewtons (kN) of elastic deformation energy accumulated in the frame columns and beams to be released instantaneously at the moment of fracture, generating extremely high acceleration and forming a mechanical shock wave. This causes the column nut, which was originally under downward pressure, to spring upward at the moment of fracture, generating an instantaneous reverse tensile force. If this force exceeds the bolt preload, the threaded surface will jump, resulting in a slight displacement. This impact will cause the lubricating film between the screw and nut to rupture instantaneously, resulting in direct metal-to-metal contact, causing pitting or microscopic plastic deformation. Existing technology uses hydraulically preloaded nuts to connect the columns, applying a preload far exceeding the maximum test load during assembly. To ensure that even under severe fracture impact, the joint surface will not undergo slight separation (no gap, i.e., no displacement), however, in the actual tensile test, although the improved measures protect the fastener from "plastic deformation", the energy is not lost, but redistributed. This means that although the shock wave is weakened, it will still propagate in the frame in the form of sound waves and infrasound. When testing high-strength joints for a long time, the hidden welds inside the base or crossbeam of the testing machine may produce tiny fatigue cracks. As the number of tests increases, the cracks continue to expand and accumulate, eventually causing the rigidity of the testing machine frame structure to gradually decrease and the mechanical properties to deteriorate irreversibly. This leads to a series of chain problems such as continuous loss of control over testing accuracy, frequent equipment malfunctions, and major safety hazards. Moreover, because the cracks are in a hidden location, they are difficult to detect in the early stages. Later, they will rapidly develop from micro-cracks to macro-cracks, directly causing the testing machine to lose its normal testing capabilities or even become unusable.

[0005] To address this, a tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors in stainless steel piping systems for ships is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors in stainless steel piping systems for ships. Through the coordinated operation of a hydraulic buffer assembly, an internal groove, spherical particles, a cohesive and dispersive assembly, a transmission assembly, and a particle damping assembly, this invention solves the problems in existing technologies where, during tensile testing of high-strength pressure-bearing connectors, energy accumulation in the upper clamp and crossbeam due to fracture impact, and the propagation of fatigue cracks in the hidden welds of the frame, lead to equipment rigidity degradation, loss of testing accuracy, and safety hazards. This invention effectively buffers the upper clamp and reduces the impact of fracture impact on the equipment, thereby improving the equipment's service life and testing accuracy.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors in a marine stainless steel piping system includes a base, a frame, a lower clamp, a crossbeam, an upper clamp, and an intelligent sensor. It also includes a hydraulic buffer assembly, an internal groove, spherical particles, a coalescing / dispersing assembly, a transmission assembly, and a particle damping assembly. The hydraulic buffer assembly is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam and connected to the upper clamp. The internal groove is located inside the crossbeam, and several spherical particles are randomly arranged inside the internal groove. Two sets of coalescing / dispersing assemblies are located inside the crossbeam, on the left and right sides of the internal groove, respectively. The transmission assembly is located at the bottom of the crossbeam and connected to both the coalescing / dispersing assembly and the hydraulic buffer assembly. The particle damping assembly is located inside the frame. When the crossbeam moves the upper clamp upward, it simultaneously drives the hydraulic buffer assembly to extend. Simultaneously, the hydraulic buffer assembly, through the transmission assembly, moves the two sets of coalescing / dispersing assemblies closer together. When the two sets of coalescing / dispersing assemblies approach each other, they apply pressure to the spherical particles and compact them. When the connector breaks, the upper clamp contracts through the hydraulic buffer assembly to buffer the breakage. Simultaneously, the hydraulic buffer assembly, through the transmission assembly, moves the two sets of coalescing / dispersing assemblies away from each other and releases the spherical particles from their restraint.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic buffer assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed plate, a piston, and a built-in spring. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam, the fixed plate is fixed to the top end of the upper clamp and is located below the hydraulic cylinder, the piston is slidably disposed inside the hydraulic cylinder, and its bottom end extends out of the interior of the hydraulic cylinder and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the built-in spring is sleeved on the surface of the piston and is located inside the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the piston has annularly spaced oil holes at its top end.

[0010] Preferably, the convergence and divergence assembly includes a push groove, a through hole, and a pusher. The push groove is symmetrically opened inside the crossbeam and is located on the left and right sides of the built-in groove. The through hole is opened through the inside of the push groove and is connected to the inside of the built-in groove. The pusher is disposed inside the push groove, and one end of it extends through the inside of the through hole to the inside of the built-in groove.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing member consists of a push rod and a push plate. The push rod is disposed inside the pushing groove, and one end of the push rod extends through the through hole into the interior groove. The push plate is disposed inside the interior groove and is fixedly connected to the push rod.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided through the bottom of the push groove, and a sliding rod is fixed at the end of the through hole away from the inside of the groove. The sliding rod slides through the inside of the sliding groove and extends to the bottom of the crossbeam.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a fixed base, a vertical gear, a horizontal gear, and a main shaft. The fixed base is symmetrically fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam and is located on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder. The vertical gears are symmetrically arranged inside the fixed base. The horizontal gear is arranged inside the fixed base and is located inside the two vertical gears. The vertical gears and the horizontal gears are coaxially arranged. The main shaft passes through the axes of the vertical gears and the horizontal gears and is rotatably connected to the fixed base.

[0014] Preferably, vertical racks are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the fixing plate, and the vertical racks are meshed with two vertical gears. A horizontal rack is fixed at the bottom of the slide rod, and the horizontal gear is located inside the vertical rack. The horizontal rack is meshed with the horizontal gear.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical rack has an L-shaped cross-section, a bifurcated groove is provided at the top of the vertical rack, and the horizontal rack is located inside the bifurcated groove.

[0016] Preferably, the particle damping assembly includes a long groove, several partition plates, and several tungsten alloy particles. The long groove is formed inside the crossbeam and is located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam. The partition plates are equally spaced inside the long groove, and the partition plates and the long groove are separated to form several independent cavities. The tungsten alloy particles are disposed inside each independent cavity. When the tungsten alloy particles are subjected to the fracture impact of the connector, they undergo irregular friction and impact motion in the corresponding independent cavity to attenuate the fracture impact.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the tensile test of high-strength pressure-bearing connectors for marine stainless steel piping systems, this invention uses a crossbeam to drive the upper clamp upwards, synchronously driving the hydraulic buffer assembly to extend. Simultaneously, the hydraulic buffer assembly, through a transmission assembly, moves two sets of convergent and divergent components closer together, compacting the spherical particles within the built-in groove, thus enhancing the static stiffness of the crossbeam to ensure measurement accuracy. When the high-strength pressure-bearing connector breaks, the upper clamp contracts and buffers the impact through the hydraulic buffer assembly. Simultaneously, the hydraulic buffer assembly, through a transmission assembly, moves the two sets of convergent and divergent components away from each other, releasing the spherical particles. This allows the spherical particles to dissipate impact energy through random friction and impact, preventing the frame structure from bearing instantaneous impact loads. Throughout the tensile test, all components work collaboratively to form an efficient and reliable impact protection system. This system not only effectively protects the testing machine structure from fracture impact damage and extends the equipment's service life but also ensures the accuracy and reliability of test data, providing strong support for the quality inspection and performance evaluation of pressure-bearing connectors for marine stainless steel piping systems.

[0018] 2. Through the design of the piston, internal groove, spherical particles, fixed seat, vertical gear, vertical rack, horizontal gear, horizontal rack, main shaft, slide groove, slide rod, and pusher, during the process of the piston extending due to the upward movement of the upper clamp driven by the crossbeam, the vertical racks on both sides of the piston mesh with the vertical gear, driving the coaxial horizontal gear to rotate synchronously. In turn, the meshing of the horizontal gear and the horizontal rack drives the slide rod to move horizontally along the slide groove, pushing the pusher to move closer to each other in the internal groove and compact the spherical particles. When the connecting part breaks and causes the piston to contract, the vertical rack drives the vertical gear and the horizontal gear to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the horizontal rack to pull the slide rod and the pusher to move away from each other, releasing the restriction on the spherical particles. This design converts the linear motion of the piston into the horizontal motion of the pusher, realizing the dynamic switching between "strength enhancement during the test phase and energy dissipation at the moment of fracture". Moreover, the L-shaped structure and bifurcated groove design of the vertical rack avoids motion interference with the horizontal rack, ensuring efficient and compact power transmission and improving impact response speed and control accuracy.

[0019] 3. By setting long slots, partition plates, and tungsten alloy particles inside the frame, the partition plates divide the long slots into multiple independent cavities, thus limiting the displacement of the tungsten alloy particles under micro-vibration to the independent cavities. This ensures that the mass distribution of the crossbeam remains stable under different impact intensities. When the connecting parts break and generate impact, the tungsten alloy particles in the independent cavities dissipate energy through inelastic collisions (particles hitting the partition plates) and micro-friction (particles squeezing each other), suppressing the vibration amplitude of the frame and crossbeam to a low level. This eliminates structural resonance caused by impact loads, avoids fatigue cracks in hidden welds, extends the service life of the equipment, and improves the long-term stability of the test data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the beam structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic buffer assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Lower chuck; 4. Crossbeam; 5. Upper chuck; 6. Intelligent sensor; 7. Hydraulic buffer assembly; 71. Hydraulic cylinder; 72. Fixing plate; 73. Piston; 731. Oil hole; 74. Built-in spring; 8. Built-in groove; 81. Spherical particle; 9. Aggregate / disperse assembly; 91. Push groove; 911. Slide groove; 912. Slide rod; 92. Through hole; 93. Pushing component; 10. Transmission assembly; 101. Fixing seat; 102. Vertical gear; 1021. Vertical rack; 103. Horizontal gear; 1031. Horizontal rack; 104. Spindle; 11. Particle damping assembly; 111. Long groove; 112. Partition plate; 113. Tungsten alloy particle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connections in stainless steel piping systems for ships, the technical solution of which is as follows: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors in a marine stainless steel piping system includes a base 1, a frame 2, a lower clamp 3, a crossbeam 4, an upper clamp 5, and intelligent sensors 6. The frame 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The lower clamp 3 is fixed to the top of the base 1 and located inside the frame 2. The crossbeam 4 is vertically mounted inside the frame 2, and the lower end of the crossbeam 4 has the upper clamp 5, which is located above the lower clamp 3 and aligned on the same axis. Intelligent sensors 6 are fixed to the surfaces of both the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 3. After the high-strength pressure-bearing connector to be tested is installed between the crossbeam 4 and the upper clamp 5, the intelligent sensors 6 need to be calibrated to ensure they can accurately sense and feedback key parameters such as force, displacement, and clamping status, providing a basis for subsequent testing. The continuous test data acquisition provides reliable assurance and also includes a hydraulic buffer assembly 7, an internal groove 8, spherical particles 81, a dispersion assembly 9, a transmission assembly 10, and a particle damping assembly 11. The hydraulic buffer assembly 7 is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam 4 and connected to the upper clamp 5. When the high-strength bearing connection breaks during the tensile test, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 immediately takes effect, effectively absorbing and dispersing the impact force, slowing down the rebound speed of the upper clamp 5 and the crossbeam 4, thereby protecting the tensile testing machine structure from direct impact damage. The internal groove 8 is opened inside the crossbeam 4, and several spherical particles 81 are randomly arranged inside the internal groove 8. When the fracture impact force is transmitted to the crossbeam 4, the impact energy is further consumed by the friction and collision of the several spherical particles 81 within the internal groove 8. The quantity creates an additional damping effect, and the spherical particles 81 are made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel balls. This material has a good hardness ratio and can effectively absorb impact. Both sets of clutch components 9 are set inside the crossbeam 4, and they are located on the left and right sides of the built-in groove 8, respectively. The two sets of clutch components 9 are set opposite to each other inside the built-in groove 8, and all the spherical particles 81 are located inside the two sets of clutch components 9. As the tensile force increases, the hydraulic buffer component 7 extends downward and drives the two sets of clutch components 9 to move closer to each other inside the built-in groove 8 through the transmission component 10, thereby reducing the gap between the spherical particles 81 and compacting them to enhance the overall static stiffness of the crossbeam 4 and ensure measurement accuracy. When the pressure-bearing connecting part breaks, the hydraulic buffer component 7 contracts upward to buffer the impact. During the compaction process, the transmission component 10 drives the two sets of cohesive and dispersive components 9 to move away from each other inside the built-in groove 8, thereby increasing the free movement space of the spherical particles 81. This transforms the spherical particles 81 from a "quasi-solid" to a "highly damped fluid," greatly improving the efficiency of impact force dissipation and preventing stress waves from rebounding towards the frame 2. The transmission component 10 is located at the bottom of the crossbeam 4 and is connected to both the cohesive and dispersive components 9 and the hydraulic buffer component 7. The function of the transmission component 10 is to convert the extension and retraction motion of the hydraulic buffer component 7 into the approaching or moving away motion of the cohesive and dispersive components 9, thereby achieving flexible adjustment of the spherical particles 81 between compaction and free movement. This conversion mechanism ensures that the crossbeam 4 maintains optimal stiffness and damping characteristics at different test stages.The particle damping component 11 is installed inside the frame 2. When the shock wave generated by the breakage of the connector propagates to the frame 2, the particle damping component 11 further absorbs and attenuates the impact energy through the random movement of the internal tungsten alloy particles, effectively preventing the repeated propagation and accumulation of the shock wave within the frame, thus protecting the overall structural safety of the testing machine. When the crossbeam 4 drives the upper chuck 5 to move upward, it synchronously drives the hydraulic buffer component 7 to extend. At the same time, the hydraulic buffer component 7 drives the two sets of convergence components 9 to move closer to each other through the transmission component 10. When the two sets of convergence components 9 move closer to each other, they apply pressure to the spherical particles 81 and compact them. When the connector breaks, the upper chuck 5 contracts through the hydraulic buffer component 7 to buffer the impact. At the same time, the hydraulic buffer component 7 drives the two sets of convergence components 9 to move away from each other through the transmission component 10 and release the constraint of the spherical particles 81. When the upper clamp 5 moves upward, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 extends synchronously. During this process, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7, through the transmission assembly 10, drives the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies 9 to move closer together. When the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies 9 move closer together, they apply pressure to the spherical particles 81 inside the internal groove 8 and compact them, so that the crossbeam 4 has sufficient static stiffness when subjected to tensile force, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. When the connecting part breaks, the upper clamp 5 contracts through the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 to buffer the impact. This buffering process effectively slows down the rebound speed of the upper clamp 5 and the crossbeam 4, avoiding direct impact damage to the structure of the testing machine. At the same time, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7, through the transmission assembly 10, drives the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies 9 to move away from each other and release the restriction on the spherical particles 81, allowing the spherical particles 81 to move freely, further absorbing and dissipating impact energy, and improving the impact resistance of the testing machine.

[0024] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 specifically includes a hydraulic cylinder 71, a fixing plate 72, a piston 73, and a built-in spring 74. The hydraulic cylinder 71 is fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam 4, providing a stable hydraulic environment for the entire buffering process and ensuring that the piston 73 can slide smoothly. The fixing plate 72 is fixed to the top of the upper clamp 5 and is located below the hydraulic cylinder 71. The fixing plate 72 serves as a bridge connecting the upper clamp 5 and the piston 73, allowing the force on the upper clamp 5 to be directly transmitted to the piston 73, thereby triggering the hydraulic buffering mechanism. The piston 73 is located inside the hydraulic cylinder 71, and its bottom end extends out of the hydraulic cylinder 71 and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 72. The sliding of the piston 73 inside the hydraulic cylinder 71 realizes the extension and contraction of the hydraulic buffer assembly 7, which is the core component of the buffering process. The built-in spring 74 is sleeved on the surface of the piston 73 and is located inside the hydraulic cylinder 71. The built-in spring 74 plays the role of auxiliary buffering and reset retraction. This structure allows the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 to withstand large impact forces and to recover quickly after the impact force disappears, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the testing machine.

[0025] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, hydraulic oil is specifically provided inside the hydraulic cylinder 71, and oil holes 731 are equidistantly provided at the top of the piston 73. During the sliding process of the piston 73, the hydraulic oil can flow evenly through the oil holes 731, ensuring the stability of the hydraulic environment of the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 during extension and retraction, and avoiding the decrease in buffering effect or equipment damage caused by uneven hydraulic oil flow. At the same time, the design of the oil holes 731 also helps to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil, preventing the hydraulic oil temperature from becoming too high due to long-term operation, which would affect the buffering performance (when the piston 73 slides along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 71, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 71...). Hydraulic oil flows evenly between the cylinder chambers through the oil holes 731. The oil holes 731 increase the heat exchange contact area between the hydraulic oil and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 71 and the surface of the piston 73. On the other hand, the multi-channel flow structure enhances the forced convection heat exchange effect of the hydraulic oil and improves the circulation rate of the oil in the hydraulic cylinder 71. This effectively dissipates the heat generated by the hydraulic oil during operation to the external environment through the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 71 and the piston 73, achieving efficient heat dissipation of the hydraulic oil. In addition, this design also enables the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 to respond more quickly when subjected to impact, improving the impact resistance and safety of the testing machine.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the aggregation and dispersing assembly 9 includes a pushing groove 91, a through hole 92, and a pushing member 93. The pushing groove 91 is symmetrically opened inside the crossbeam 4 and is located on the left and right sides of the built-in groove 8. This layout allows the pushing member 93 to be evenly stressed during movement, ensuring the stability of the entire aggregation and dispersing assembly 9 during operation and avoiding shaking or displacement due to uneven stress, thereby affecting the testing accuracy of the testing machine. The through hole 92 is opened through the inside of the pushing groove 91 and is connected to the inside of the built-in groove 8, providing a reasonable movement channel for the pushing member 93, so that the pushing member 93 can move smoothly between the pushing groove 91 and the built-in groove 8, realizing the effective transmission of power. The pushing member 93 is set inside the pushing groove 91, and one end of it extends through the inside of the through hole 92 into the inside of the built-in groove 8, so that the pushing member 93 can accurately apply force to the spherical particles 81 in the built-in groove 8, thereby realizing the compaction or release operation of the spherical particles 81.

[0027] Reference Figure 3As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the pushing member 93 consists of a push rod and a push plate. The push rod is disposed inside the pushing groove 91, and one end of it extends through the through hole 92 into the interior groove 8. The push rod is made of high-strength alloy material, which has sufficient rigidity and strength, and can withstand large forces during the pushing process without deformation or damage, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the pushing member 93. The push plate is disposed inside the interior groove 8 and is fixedly connected to the push rod. The push plate is circular, and its diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the interior groove 8. This design allows the push plate to fully contact the spherical particles 81 when it moves in the interior groove 8, and to apply force evenly, ensuring that the compaction or release operation of the spherical particles 81 is more precise and effective. At the same time, the surface of the push plate is specially treated and has a smooth surface texture, which reduces the friction between the push plate and the spherical particles 81, making the pushing process smoother and further improving the testing accuracy and operating efficiency of the testing machine.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a sliding groove 911 is provided through the bottom of the push groove 91, and a sliding rod 912 is fixed at the end of the through hole 92 away from the interior of the built-in groove 8. The sliding rod 912 slides through the interior of the sliding groove 911 and extends to the bottom of the crossbeam 4. The matching design of the sliding groove 911 and the sliding rod 912 provides a precise guiding effect for the movement of the push rod in the push groove 91, ensuring that the push member 93 can maintain a stable trajectory during the movement, avoiding the problem of inaccurate pushing due to deviation or shaking, thereby improving the accuracy of the tensile test of the pressure-bearing connection of the stainless steel pipeline system by the testing machine.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly 10 specifically includes a fixed base 101, a vertical gear 102, a horizontal gear 103, and a main shaft 104. The fixed base 101 is symmetrically fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam 4 and is located on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder 71. Serving as the mounting base for the transmission assembly 10, it provides stable support for the vertical gear 102, the horizontal gear 103, and the main shaft 104, ensuring structural stability during gear transmission, preventing meshing misalignment due to vibration, and guaranteeing power transmission accuracy. The vertical gear 102 is symmetrically arranged inside the fixed base 101 and meshes with the vertical rack 1021, converting the vertical movement of the fixed plate 72 (extension / contraction of the hydraulic buffer assembly 7) into its own rotational movement. This gear transmission achieves the conversion of the direction of motion, providing power for the subsequent driving of the horizontal gear 103. The power source, a horizontal gear 103, is located inside the fixed base 101 and inside the two vertical gears 102. The vertical gears 102 and the horizontal gear 103 are coaxially arranged and rotate synchronously to drive the horizontal rack 1031 to move horizontally, further converting the rotational motion of the vertical gears 102 into linear motion in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the clutch assembly 9. The main shaft 104 passes through the axes of the vertical gears 102 and the horizontal gears 103 and is rotatably connected to the fixed base 101, ensuring that the two rotate synchronously and guaranteeing the coaxiality of the vertical gears 102 and the horizontal gears 103, avoiding eccentricity errors during transmission and improving power transmission efficiency.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, vertical racks 1021 are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the fixed plate 72. The vertical racks 1021 are meshed with two vertical gears 102 and can move vertically with the extension and retraction of the hydraulic buffer assembly 7. A horizontal rack 1031 is fixed at the bottom of the slide rod 912, and the horizontal gear 103 is located inside the vertical rack 1021. The horizontal rack 1031 is meshed with the horizontal gear 103 and can convert the rotational motion of the horizontal gear 103 into the horizontal sliding of the slide rod 912, directly driving the pusher 93 of the aggregation and dispersion assembly 9 to achieve the compaction or release of the spherical particles 81. The response speed is fast and the control accuracy is high.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the vertical rack 1021 has an L-shaped cross-section, and a bifurcated groove is provided at the top of the vertical rack 1021. The horizontal rack 1031 is located inside the bifurcated groove. The L-shaped structure enhances the connection strength between the vertical rack 1021 and the fixed plate 72. The bifurcated groove design avoids motion interference between the vertical rack 1021 and the horizontal rack 1031, ensuring a compact and efficient transmission path.

[0032] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the particle damping assembly 11 includes a long groove 111, several partition plates 112, and several tungsten alloy particles 113. The long groove 111 is formed inside the crossbeam 4 and is located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam 4, providing installation space for the partition plates 112 and tungsten alloy particles 113. The damping function is integrated using the internal space of the crossbeam 4 without occupying additional external space, ensuring the compactness of the testing machine structure. The several partition plates 112 are equally spaced inside the long groove 111, and the partition plates 112 and the long groove 111 are separated to form several independent cavities. The several tungsten alloy particles 113 are placed inside each independent cavity to avoid tungsten particles from being trapped inside the cavity. The uneven damping effect caused by the overall sliding of alloy particles 113 within the elongated groove 111 is addressed by restricting the movement range of tungsten alloy particles 113 through independent cavities, ensuring that each area can efficiently dissipate impact energy. When tungsten alloy particles 113 are subjected to the impact of a broken connector, they undergo irregular friction and impact movements within their corresponding independent cavities to attenuate the fracture impact. Tungsten alloy particles 113 have high density (tungsten alloy density is approximately 18 g / cm³), high hardness, and high collision energy absorption efficiency. Through frictional heat generation and elastic collisions between tungsten alloy particles 113, the impact kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and sound wave dissipation, effectively attenuating the vibration of the frame 2 and the crossbeam 4, and preventing fatigue cracks from forming in the concealed welds.

[0033] Working Principle: When conducting tensile tests on pressure-bearing connectors for marine stainless steel piping systems, the high-strength pressure-bearing connector to be tested is first installed between the lower clamp 3 and the upper clamp 5, ensuring a stable connection and accurate positioning. Then, the tensile testing machine is started. Driven by the power system, the crossbeam 4 moves the upper clamp 5 upwards. During this process, because a hydraulic buffer assembly 7 is installed between the crossbeam 4 and the upper clamp 5, the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 is stretched and elongated as the crossbeam 4 moves upwards. Only after the hydraulic buffer assembly 7 has elongated to its limit will a tensile force be applied to the high-strength pressure-bearing connector. Simultaneously, during the elongation of the hydraulic buffer assembly 7, the two sets of convergence and dispersion assemblies 9 are linked by the transmission assembly 10 to move closer together inside the built-in groove 8, thereby reducing the gaps between several spherical particles 81 until the spherical particles 81 are compacted, thus enhancing the overall static stiffness of the crossbeam 4. To ensure measurement accuracy, as the tensile force gradually increases, the internal stress of the high-strength pressure-bearing connector continuously accumulates until it reaches its fracture limit. At the moment of fracture, the huge elastic change accumulated inside the high-strength pressure-bearing connector can be rapidly released, forming a strong mechanical shock wave. At this time, the hydraulic buffer component 7 immediately plays a role in buffering. At the same time, the contraction action of the hydraulic buffer component 7 is transmitted to the clutch component 9 through the transmission component 10, driving the two clutch components 9 to move away from each other in the built-in groove 8, releasing the compaction effect on the spherical particles 81. The spherical particles 81 return to a free state in the built-in groove 8, and further consume the impact energy through friction and collision between them, forming an additional damping effect. In addition, the particle damping component 11 also moves randomly in the crossbeam 4, further attenuating the fracture impact through friction and impact, ensuring the stability and safety of the testing machine.

[0034] Specifically, after the tensile testing machine is started, the power system begins to operate, driving the crossbeam 4 to move upward. Since the upper clamp 5 is connected to the crossbeam 4, the upper clamp 5 also moves upward. During this process, the fixed plate 72 is stretched first, causing the piston 73 to slide inside the hydraulic cylinder 71, compressing the built-in spring 74. The hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cylinder 71 flows through the oil hole 731. This series of actions causes the piston 73 to gradually extend, preparing for the subsequent buffering effect. When the piston 73 extends to its limit, the crossbeam 4 continues to move upward. At this time, the high-strength pressure-bearing connector begins to be subjected to tensile force. As the tensile force gradually increases, the internal stress of the high-strength pressure-bearing connector continues to accumulate. The intelligent sensor 6 monitors and records this process in real time. The system collects key data such as force, displacement, and clamping status. Simultaneously, as the fixed plate 72 extends downwards, it synchronously drives the vertical rack 1021 downwards. During this downward movement, the vertical rack 1021 meshes with two vertical gears 102, causing them to rotate inside the fixed base 101. The two vertical gears 102 and the horizontal gear 103 are coaxially fixedly connected via the main shaft 104. Therefore, when the vertical gears 102 rotate, the horizontal gear 103 also rotates synchronously. Since the horizontal gear 103 meshes with the horizontal rack 1031, the horizontal gear 103 drives the horizontal rack 1031 to move horizontally during its rotation. As the horizontal rack 1031 moves horizontally, it causes the slide rod 912 to slide inside the slide groove 911 and into the pushing groove 91. The internal movement of the slide bar 912 synchronously pushes the pusher 93 to slide inside the through hole 92, causing the push plates at the ends of the two pushers 93 to move closer to each other inside the built-in groove 8, thereby reducing the gap between several spherical particles 81 until the spherical particles 81 are compacted. During this process, the overall static stiffness of the crossbeam 4 is enhanced, ensuring measurement accuracy. When the high-strength pressure-bearing connector reaches its fracture limit, the huge elastic change accumulated inside can be released rapidly, forming a strong mechanical shock wave. At this time, the impact force acts on the upper chuck 5, and the impact force on the upper chuck 5 pushes the piston 73 to slide in the reverse direction inside the hydraulic cylinder 71, while driving the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cylinder 71 to flow in the reverse direction through the oil hole 731. The built-in spring 74. Returning to its original state, this series of actions causes piston 73 to contract rapidly, providing a buffer and effectively absorbing some of the impact energy. Simultaneously, the upward contraction of piston 73 drives vertical rack 1021 to move upward in sync. Vertical rack 1021, through meshing, drives vertical gear 102 to rotate. As vertical gear 102 rotates, it simultaneously drives horizontal gear 103 to rotate in sync. In turn, horizontal gear 103 drives horizontal rack 1031 to move horizontally. During the horizontal movement of horizontal rack 1031, it pulls pusher 93 to slide inside through hole 92, causing the push plates at the ends of the two pushers 93 to move away from each other inside the built-in groove 8, releasing the compaction effect on spherical particles 81. Spherical particles 81 then return to a free state within the built-in groove 8.The impact energy is further dissipated through mutual friction and collision, creating an additional damping effect. Furthermore, the tungsten alloy particles 113 experience irregular friction and impact within the independent cavities formed by the partition plates 112 in the elongated groove 111, further attenuating the fracture impact and ensuring the stability and safety of the testing machine.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of stainless steel piping systems for ships, comprising a base, frame, lower clamp, crossbeam, upper clamp, and intelligent sensor, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic buffer assembly, an internal groove, spherical particles, a convergence and divergence assembly, a transmission assembly, and a particle damping assembly. The hydraulic buffer assembly is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam and connected to the upper clamp. The internal groove is opened inside the crossbeam, and several spherical particles are irregularly arranged inside the internal groove. Two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies are both located inside the crossbeam, and they are respectively located on the left and right sides of the internal groove. The transmission assembly is located at the bottom of the crossbeam and is connected to the convergence and divergence assembly and the hydraulic buffer assembly respectively. The particle damping assembly is located inside the frame. When the crossbeam drives the upper clamp to move up, it synchronously drives the hydraulic buffer assembly to extend. At the same time, the hydraulic buffer assembly drives the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies to move closer to each other through the transmission assembly. When the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies move closer to each other, they apply pressure to the spherical particles and compact them. When the connecting part breaks, the upper clamp contracts through the hydraulic buffer assembly to buffer the breakage. At the same time, the hydraulic buffer assembly drives the two sets of convergence and divergence assemblies to move away from each other through the transmission assembly and release the spherical particles from their restraint.

2. The tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of stainless steel piping systems for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed plate, a piston, and a built-in spring. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam, and the fixed plate is fixed to the top end of the upper clamp and located below the hydraulic cylinder. The piston is slidably disposed inside the hydraulic cylinder, and its bottom end extends out of the interior of the hydraulic cylinder and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The built-in spring is sleeved on the surface of the piston and is located inside the hydraulic cylinder.

3. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the piston has oil holes that are equidistantly spaced in an annular pattern at its top.

4. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The convergence and divergence assembly includes a push groove, a through hole, and a pusher. The push groove is symmetrically opened inside the crossbeam and is located on the left and right sides of the built-in groove. The through hole is opened through the inside of the push groove and is connected to the inside of the built-in groove. The pusher is disposed inside the push groove, and one end of it extends through the inside of the through hole to the inside of the built-in groove.

5. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pusher consists of a push rod and a push plate. The push rod is located inside the push groove, and one end of the push rod extends through the through hole into the interior groove. The push plate is located inside the interior groove and is fixedly connected to the push rod.

6. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the push groove is provided with a sliding groove, and a sliding rod is fixed at the end of the through hole away from the inside of the groove. The sliding rod slides through the inside of the sliding groove and extends to the bottom of the crossbeam.

7. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a fixed base, vertical gears, horizontal gears, and a main shaft. The fixed base is symmetrically fixed to the bottom end of the crossbeam and is located on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder. The vertical gears are symmetrically arranged inside the fixed base. The horizontal gear is arranged inside the fixed base and is located inside the two vertical gears. The vertical gears and horizontal gears are coaxially arranged. The main shaft passes through the axes of the vertical gears and horizontal gears and is rotatably connected to the fixed base.

8. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Vertical racks are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the fixed plate. The vertical racks are meshed with two vertical gears. A horizontal rack is fixed at the bottom of the slide rod, and the horizontal gear is located inside the vertical rack. The horizontal rack is meshed with the horizontal gear.

9. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vertical rack has an L-shaped cross-section, and a bifurcated groove is provided at the top of the vertical rack. The horizontal rack is located inside the bifurcated groove.

10. A tensile testing machine for pressure-bearing connectors of a marine stainless steel piping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle damping assembly includes a long groove, several partition plates, and several tungsten alloy particles. The long groove is formed inside the crossbeam and is located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam. The partition plates are equally spaced inside the long groove, and the partition plates and the long groove are separated to form several independent cavities. The tungsten alloy particles are disposed inside each independent cavity. When the tungsten alloy particles are subjected to the fracture impact of the connector, they undergo irregular friction and impact motion in the corresponding independent cavity to attenuate the fracture impact.

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