Mining gallium nitride gas sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a mining gallium nitride gas sensor which comprises a main box body, a gas inlet cover is arranged on the bottom face of the main box body, and a PLC main board loaded with a gallium nitride chip is installed in the main box body; the gas detector comprises a shell column, and the shell column is installed in the middle of the bottom face of the main box body and located in the gas inlet cover; an inner blowback part for cleaning the filtering part is arranged in the connecting screw pipe, and an outer blowback part for cleaning the air inlet cover is arranged outside the shell column; identification assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the main box body; the identification assemblies rotating upwards are contained on the two sides of the main box body so as to identify the gas detection position. The identification assembly rotating downwards encloses the outer part of the air inlet cover so as to carry out closed calibration and maintenance identification; and a hoisting mechanism. The surface of the air inlet cover and the interior of the filtering part can be synchronously cleaned, and dust and impurities are thoroughly removed; the closed calibration area is formed through automatic butt joint of the side enclosure cover, and a temporary closed environment does not need to be built manually.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas sensor technology, and specifically to a gallium nitride gas sensor for mining applications. Background Technology

[0002] In mining operations, gas leakage is one of the core hidden dangers that can trigger serious safety accidents such as explosions and poisoning. Therefore, real-time and accurate monitoring of gas concentration is a key link in ensuring safe production in mines and a mandatory basic requirement in accordance with national mine safety supervision requirements. As mining depths continue to increase and mining environments become increasingly complex, harsh working conditions such as high dust levels, alternating high and low temperatures, and confined spaces place higher demands on the monitoring accuracy, environmental adaptability, ease of operation and maintenance, and safety of gas sensors.

[0003] While existing mine gas sensors have achieved basic gas concentration monitoring functions, they still have the following shortcomings in practical applications: Firstly, the dust content in the mine tunnel is high. The existing sensor filtration structure is mostly a single filter design. Dust easily accumulates on the surface of the filter component and blocks the air intake channel, preventing gas from smoothly entering the detection element. This not only reduces the monitoring accuracy but may also cause the monitoring signal to be interrupted. At the same time, the existing sensors lack efficient automatic cleaning mechanisms. After blockage, they need to be manually disassembled and cleaned, which further interrupts the monitoring process and leaves safety hazards.

[0004] Secondly, most existing sensors are fixedly suspended at the top of the mine tunnel. When calibrating or repairing them, workers need to climb ladders to reach the height to operate. The space inside the mine tunnel is narrow and the ground is slippery, which makes it easy for safety accidents such as falls and collisions to occur. In addition, manual climbing operations are time-consuming, and the calibration and repair of a single device requires the cooperation of multiple people, which seriously affects the efficiency of operation and maintenance and increases labor costs.

[0005] Third, mining operations are complex and require frequent special operations such as blasting and tunneling. In such situations, sensors are prone to false alarms due to environmental interference. Existing sensors lack a switchable status identification structure, making it difficult to intuitively distinguish between the monitoring location and the maintenance / shielding status. During special operations, it is difficult to quickly identify the sensor's working status, which can easily lead to false alarms or misoperations and interfere with normal work processes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a gallium nitride gas sensor for mining, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining includes a main housing with an air inlet hood on its bottom surface, and a PLC main board loaded with gallium nitride chips is installed inside the main housing. The gas detector includes a housing column, which is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the main housing and located inside the air intake hood. The housing column contains a detection element. The bottom of the housing column has a connecting screw tube, which is threaded to the bottom of the connecting screw tube. The air intake hood contains a filter component. The connecting screw tube contains a switching component, which is used to switch the gas detector between air intake mode and backflush mode. The connecting screw tube contains an internal backflush component for cleaning the filter component, and the housing column has an external backflush component for cleaning the air intake hood. Symmetrical marking components on both sides of the main housing; upward-rotating marking components are stored on both sides of the main housing to mark the gas detection location; downward-rotating marking components surround the outside of the air intake hood for closed calibration and maintenance marking. The hoisting mechanism is installed on the top of the main box and is used to drive the main box to rise and fall.

[0008] Furthermore, the marking component includes a support base located on the side of the main box body. An L-shaped flip frame is rotatably connected to the side of the main box body, and a second motor is installed at the rotatable connection. A side cover is provided at the end of the flip frame, and the end section of the side cover is U-shaped. Marking components are installed on the side of the side cover, and a calibration connector is provided on the outer wall of the side cover. Abutment rods are symmetrically provided on the top side wall of the main box body. When both sets of side covers are at the top, the contact rod contacts the marking component to mark the gas detection position, and the opening of the side cover faces outward; When both sets of side covers are at the bottom, the two sets of side covers seal and block the outside of the air intake cover, and the calibration connector is connected to the external standard air source; the marking components are marked for maintenance.

[0009] Furthermore, the marking component includes an upper guide strip, a marking plate, a lower guide strip, and a spring rod. Multiple sets of marking plates are provided, with the upper and lower guide strips respectively located at the top and bottom of the multiple sets of marking plates. The marking plate has a double-sided marking structure. Both the top and bottom ends of the marking plate are provided with a flip shaft. The top flip shaft is rotatably connected to the upper guide strip, and the bottom flip shaft is rotatably connected to the lower guide strip. A driven gear is provided on the outside of the top flip shaft. A slide rod is slidably installed at the bottom of the upper guide strip. Multiple sets of driven toothed plates are provided on the side wall of the slide rod. Each set of driven toothed plates is meshed with a set of driven gears. One end of the spring rod is connected to the slide rod, and the other end is connected to the upper guide strip. An abutment rod is used to abut the slide rod to displace and stretch the spring rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter component includes an air intake filter, a first rubber ring, an air stone, and a second rubber ring. The air intake filter is fixed to the bottom inside the air intake cap. The inner side of the air intake filter is provided with the second rubber ring, the air stone, and the first rubber ring in sequence. The inner diameter of the air intake filter is larger than the inner diameter of the air stone.

[0011] Furthermore, an inner air pipe is installed inside the main housing. The bottom of the inner air pipe is connected to an air distribution connector. The output end of the air distribution connector is connected in parallel to an inner backflush component and an outer backflush component. The top of the inner air pipe extends outward from the main housing. The top of the inner air pipe is connected to a corrugated air guide pipe. The top of the corrugated air guide pipe is connected to a backflush air pump. The external backflush component includes an internal backflush hood, which is located between the air intake hood and the gas detector, with the outlet of the internal backflush hood facing downwards towards the air intake hood.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the detection element is connected to an annular air intake channel, and the inlet end of the air intake channel is provided with a second air intake plate. The second air intake plate is fixedly embedded inside the connecting screw tube, and the interior of the second air intake plate is provided with a second air intake hole arranged in an annular array.

[0013] Furthermore, the internal backflush component includes a backflush ring cavity, which is opened inside the connecting solenoid tube. The inner wall of the backflush ring cavity is connected to a first backflush air hole arranged in a ring array. The connecting solenoid tube has a built-in heating ring, which is located outside the backflush ring cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the switching component includes a third motor, a first air intake plate, and a retaining ring. The third motor is located inside the outer casing column. The output shaft of the third motor passes through the second air intake plate and its end is connected to the first air intake plate. The first air intake plate has a first air intake hole inside. A retaining ring is vertically provided at the outer edge of the first air intake plate. A second backflush hole is provided inside the retaining ring. In intake mode, the first air intake port and the second air intake port are aligned and connected, while the first backflush port and the second backflush port are staggered. In backflush mode, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are misaligned, and the first backflush air inlet and the second backflush air inlet are aligned and connected.

[0015] Furthermore, the hoisting mechanism includes a first hoisting component and a second hoisting component; The first hoisting assembly includes a top plate, which is anchored to the top of the mine tunnel, and a scale plate is vertically provided on the bottom surface of the top plate; The second hoisting assembly includes a hoisting base, inside which are installed a first winding reel and a second winding reel. The outer wall of the first winding reel is wound with a power supply wire, and the outer wall of the second winding reel is wound with a traction belt. A backflush pump is installed on the hoisting base. The bottom end of the traction belt is connected to the main housing, and the power supply wire is electrically connected to the gas detector. The side wall of the hoisting base is connected to a scale plate via a locking frame clamp. A first motor is provided on the side wall of the hoisting base, and the output end of the first motor is connected to a drive screw. The drive screw engages with the first winding reel and the second winding reel.

[0016] Furthermore, a hanging column is provided in the middle of the top surface of the main box, a guide cone is provided at the top of the hanging column, a positioning cover is provided in the middle bottom surface of the hanging base, and a guide roller assembly is provided at the top of the positioning cover. The guide roller assembly is rotatably installed in the hanging base.

[0017] This invention provides a gallium nitride gas sensor for mining applications. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages: 1. It integrates internal and external dual back-blowing components, and automatically switches between air intake and back-blowing modes through a switching component. It can simultaneously clean the surface of the air intake hood and the inside of the filter components, thoroughly removing dust and impurities.

[0018] 2. The side enclosure automatically connects to form a closed calibration area, eliminating the need for manual construction of temporary enclosed environments; with the automatic lifting function of the hoisting mechanism, the sensor can be lowered to the calibration position where the worker stands, eliminating the need to climb ladders, greatly reducing the risk of working at heights and improving calibration and maintenance efficiency.

[0019] 3. The labeling component can automatically switch between monitoring and maintenance labels as the side cover flips, allowing operators to quickly identify the sensor's working status and avoid misjudgment; the automatic enclosure function during special operations eliminates the need for manual removal and placement of the cover, further improving operational convenience and management efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall rear structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A front view structural schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A top view of the hoisting mechanism of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the docking structure between the lifting column and the positioning cover of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the side enclosure structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 8 This diagram shows a first-view structural diagram of the gas sensor of the present invention in the form of an explosion. Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the second-view structure of the gas sensor of the present invention in the event of an explosion. Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the third-view structure of the gas sensor of the present invention in the form of an explosion. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the installation cross-sectional structure of the gas detector of the present invention is shown; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting solenoid and the air intake cover of the present invention is shown; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the switching component structure of the present invention is shown; As shown in the figure: 100. Main housing; 110. Back plate; 120. Hanging column; 121. Guide cone; 130. Air inlet hood; 140. Internal backflush hood; 150. Internal air pipe; 160. Air distributor connector. 200. First hoisting component; 210. Top plate; 220. Scale plate. 300. Second lifting assembly; 310. Lifting base; 311. Locking frame; 320. First motor; 321. Drive screw; 330. First reel; 331. Power supply wire; 340. Backflush pump; 341. Corrugated air duct; 350. Positioning cover; 360. Second reel; 361. Traction belt; 362. Guide roller assembly. 400. Identification component; 410. Support base; 411. Second motor; 420. Tilting frame; 430. Side cover; 431. Calibration connector; 440. Abutment rod. 450. Identification component; 451. Upper guide bar; 452. Identification plate; 453. Lower guide bar; 454. Flip shaft; 455. Driven gear; 456. Slide rod; 457. Driven gear plate; 458. Spring rod. 500. Gas detector; 510. Housing column; 520. Detection element; 521. Air intake channel. 530. Intake cap; 531. Intake filter; 532. First rubber ring; 533. Air stone; 534. Second rubber ring. 540. Connecting screw tube; 541. Backflush ring cavity; 542. First backflush vent; 543. Heating ring. 550. Switching component; 551. Third motor; 552. First air intake plate; 553. First air intake hole; 554. Enclosure ring; 555. Second backflush hole. 560. Second air intake plate; 561. Second air intake port; 600, PLC motherboard; 610, display screen; 620, alarm; 630, gallium nitride chip. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Combination Figures 1-13 As shown, the present invention provides a gallium nitride gas sensor for mining applications, comprising: The main housing 100 has an air intake hood on its bottom surface. Inside the main housing 100 is a PLC main board 600 with a gallium nitride chip 630. A back plate 110 is installed on the back of the main housing 100. The PLC is equipped with a display screen 610 and an alarm 620. The gas detector 500 includes a housing column 510, which is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the main housing 100 and located inside the air intake hood. The housing column 510 has a detection element 520 inside, and a connecting screw tube 540 is provided at the bottom of the housing column 510. The bottom of the connecting screw tube 540 is threadedly connected to the air intake cap 530, which has a built-in filter component. A switching component 550 is installed inside the connecting screw tube 540, which is used to switch the gas detector 500 to air intake mode or backflush mode. The connecting screw tube 540 has an internal backflush component for cleaning the filter component, and the housing column 510 has an external backflush component for cleaning the air intake hood. Symmetrical marking components 400 on both sides of the main box 100; the upward-rotating marking components 400 are housed on both sides of the main box 100 to mark the gas detection position; the downward-rotating marking components 400 are enclosed outside the air intake hood for closed calibration and maintenance marking. The hoisting mechanism is installed on the top of the main box 100 and is used to drive the main box 100 to rise and fall.

[0024] In the above scheme: 1. Automatic cleaning and anti-clogging: The gas detector 500 has a built-in switch 550 that can automatically switch between air intake and backflush modes. In conjunction with the internal and external backflush components, it can simultaneously clean the dust on the filter components and the surface of the air intake hood, avoiding dust blockage that affects air intake, ensuring continuous and accurate monitoring, and reducing the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0025] 2. Integrated labeling and enclosure: The labeling component 400 can rotate up and down to switch states. When stored, it clearly marks the monitoring position for easy identification by personnel. When lowered, the enclosure air intake hood forms a closed area, which not only meets the sealing requirements of calibration operations, but also reminds of the maintenance status through the label. There is no need to carry additional sealing components and label 452, which improves the convenience of operation.

[0026] 3. Safe and convenient operation and maintenance: The hoisting mechanism can drive the main box to lift 100 degrees, eliminating the need for manual climbing during calibration / maintenance. The sensor can be directly lowered to the standing position of the operator, greatly improving the safety and efficiency of operation and maintenance; it is suitable for complex installation environments on the top of the mine tunnel, ensuring the stability of the installation.

[0027] 4. Precise monitoring foundation: The PLC motherboard 600 with gallium nitride chip 630 improves the accuracy of monitoring signal processing. The coaxial layout of the air intake hood and gas detector 500 ensures that gas can smoothly enter the detection element 520, providing structural support for precise monitoring and adapting to the monitoring needs of high dust and complex environments in mining.

[0028] In this embodiment, the marking component 400 includes a support base 410, which is located on the side of the main box 100. An L-shaped flipping frame 420 is rotatably connected to the side of the main box 100, and a second motor 411 is installed at the rotatable connection. The end of the flipping frame 420 is provided with a side cover 430, the end section of which is U-shaped. A marking component 450 is installed on the side of the side cover, and a calibration connector 431 is provided on the outer wall of the side cover. The top side wall of the main box 100 is symmetrically provided with abutment rods 440. When the two sets of side covers 430 are at the top, the abutment rods 440 abut against the marking component 450 to mark the gas detection position, and the opening of the side cover 430 faces outward. When the two sets of side covers 430 are at the bottom, they seal and enclose the outside of the air inlet hood, and the calibration connector 431 is connected to an external standard gas source. The marking component 450 is used for maintenance marking.

[0029] In the above scheme: 1. The second motor 411 drives the L-shaped tilting frame 420 to rotate, causing the side cover 430 to switch up and down states; when stored, the contact rod 440 contacts the marking component 450 to display the monitoring position marking; when lowered, the contact rod 440 disengages and automatically switches to the maintenance marking, requiring no manual intervention, with clear status recognition to avoid misjudgment. 2. Rapid sealing and adaptation calibration: After the two sets of side covers 430 are lowered, they can seal the air intake hood, quickly forming a closed detection area without the need for additional closed structure construction, simplifying the calibration preparation process; the U-shaped cross-section design of the side cover 430 improves the sealing fit, reduces calibration gas leakage, and ensures calibration accuracy. 3. The calibration connector 431 of the side cover 430 facilitates quick connection to an external standard gas source, improving the convenience of calibration operation; the outward-facing maintenance marking clearly reminds surrounding personnel that the sensor is in maintenance status, avoiding accidental touch or interference with operations, and improving maintenance safety.

[0030] In this embodiment, the marking component 450 includes an upper guide bar 451, a marking plate 452, a lower guide bar 453, and a spring rod 458. Multiple sets of marking plates 452 are provided. The upper guide bar 451 and the lower guide bar 453 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the multiple sets of marking plates 452. The marking plate 452 has a double-sided marking structure. A flip shaft 454 is provided at both the top and bottom of the marking plate 452. The top flip shaft 454 is rotatably connected to the upper guide bar 451, and the bottom flip shaft... 454 is rotatably connected to the lower guide bar 453. The top flip shaft 454 is provided with a driven gear 455. The bottom of the upper guide bar 451 is slidably mounted with a slide rod 456. The side wall of the slide rod 456 is provided with multiple sets of driven tooth plates 457. Each set of driven tooth plates 457 is meshed with a set of driven gears 455. One end of the spring rod 458 is connected to the slide rod 456 and the other end is connected to the upper guide bar 451. The abutment rod 440 is used to abut the slide rod 456 to move and stretch the spring rod 458.

[0031] In the above scheme: 1. The contact rod 440, through the meshing transmission of the slide rod 456, driven toothed plate 457, and driven gear 455, can drive multiple sets of signs 452 to rotate synchronously, realizing automatic switching of monitoring / maintenance double-sided signs without manual operation. The switching is efficient and synchronized, avoiding sign confusion. 2. Stable guidance and anti-deviation: The upper and lower guide bars 453 provide precise guidance for the signs 452, and the rotating shaft 454 ensures smooth rotation; the spring rod 458 provides reset elasticity, ensuring that the signs 452 can accurately reset after the contact rod 440 is disengaged, maintaining sign stability even in the vibration environment of the mine tunnel, and improving recognition reliability. 3. Multiple signs enhance reminders: Multiple sets of signs 452 are set in parallel to improve the visibility of the signs, making it easy for personnel at a distance in the mine tunnel to quickly identify them; the simplified design of the double-sided sign structure eliminates the need for additional sign components 450, reducing equipment complexity.

[0032] In this embodiment, the filtering component includes an air intake filter 531, a first rubber ring 532, an air stone 533, and a second rubber ring 534. The air intake filter 531 is fixed to the bottom of the air intake cap 530. The second rubber ring 534, the air stone 533, and the first rubber ring 532 are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the air intake filter 531. The inner diameter of the air intake filter 531 is larger than the inner diameter of the air stone 533.

[0033] In the above scheme: 1. The air intake filter 531 and the air stone plate 533 form a dual filtration system. The inner diameter of the air intake filter 531 is larger than that of the air stone plate 533, achieving gradient filtration (first intercepting large dust particles, then filtering fine dust particles), significantly improving the filtration effect, preventing dust from entering the detection element 520, and ensuring monitoring accuracy. 2. Stable installation to prevent loosening: The first and second rubber rings respectively position and fix the two ends of the air stone plate 533, and together with the threaded connection of the air intake cap 530, ensure that the filter components will not loosen or shift under the strong vibration environment of the mine tunnel, improving structural stability and filtration reliability.

[0034] In this embodiment, an inner air pipe 150 is installed inside the main housing 100. The bottom of the inner air pipe 150 is connected to a gas distributor 160. The output end of the gas distributor 160 is connected in parallel to an inner backflush component and an outer backflush component. The top of the inner air pipe 150 extends outward from the main housing 100. The top of the inner air pipe 150 is connected to a corrugated air guide pipe 341. The top of the corrugated air guide pipe 341 is connected to a backflush pump 340. The outer backflush component includes an inner backflush hood 140. The inner backflush hood 140 is located between the air inlet hood 130 and the gas detector 500. The outlet of the inner backflush hood 140 faces downward towards the air inlet hood 130.

[0035] In the above solution: 1. The gas distributor 160 divides the high-pressure gas into two paths, simultaneously supplying the internal and external backflushing components, achieving simultaneous cleaning of the filter components (internal backflushing) and the surface of the air inlet hood (external backflushing), ensuring thorough cleaning without dead angles and avoiding residual dust blockage caused by single cleaning. 2. Flexible adaptation to lifting action: The corrugated air guide pipe 341 has telescopic and bendable characteristics, adapting to the lifting action of the hoisting mechanism driving the main box 100 to lift and lower, preventing pipe damage due to lifting and lowering, ensuring stable delivery of backflushing gas, and improving the overall coordination of the equipment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the bottom of the detection element 520 is connected to an annular air intake channel 521. The inlet end of the air intake channel 521 is provided with a second air intake plate 560. The second air intake plate 560 is fixedly embedded inside the connecting screw tube 540. The interior of the second air intake plate 560 is provided with a second air intake hole 561 arranged in an annular array.

[0037] In the above scheme: the annular air intake channel 521 surrounds the bottom of the detection element 520, and together with the second air intake hole 561 arranged in an annular array, the filtered gas can flow evenly to the detection element 520 from multiple directions, ensuring that the gas concentration in each area of ​​the detection element 520 is consistent, and greatly improving the accuracy and stability of gas concentration measurement.

[0038] In this embodiment, the internal backflush component includes a backflush ring cavity 541, which is opened inside the connecting screw tube 540. The inner wall of the backflush ring cavity 541 is connected to a first backflush air hole 542 arranged in a ring array. The connecting screw tube 540 has a built-in heating ring 543, which is located outside the backflush ring cavity 541.

[0039] In the above scheme: 1. The backflush ring cavity 541 surrounds the inside of the connecting solenoid 540. The first backflush air holes 542 arranged in a ring array can output a 360° uniform high-pressure airflow to the filter component, which can thoroughly remove the dust accumulated in each area of ​​the filter component, avoid blockage caused by local residue, and improve the cleaning effect. 2. The heating ring 543 is located outside the backflush ring cavity 541. In a low-temperature environment, it can heat the incoming gas and preheat the inner wall of the connecting solenoid 540, preventing condensation in the air passage and ensuring smooth gas flow. The heated backflush gas can also improve the dust removal efficiency and reduce the impact of low temperature on the cleaning effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, the switching component 550 includes a third motor 551, a first air intake plate 552, and a retaining ring 554. The third motor 551 is located inside the outer casing post 510. The output shaft of the third motor 551 passes through the second air intake plate 560 and its end is connected to the first air intake plate 552. The first air intake plate 552 has a first air intake hole 553 inside. The retaining ring 554 is vertically arranged at the outer edge of the first air intake plate 552. The retaining ring 554 has a second back-blowing air hole 555 inside. In the air intake mode, the first air intake hole 553 is aligned and connected with the second air intake hole 561, and the first back-blowing air hole 542 is staggered with the second back-blowing air hole 555. In the back-blowing mode, the first air intake hole 553 is staggered with the second air intake hole 561, and the first back-blowing air hole 542 is aligned and connected with the second back-blowing air hole 555.

[0041] In the above scheme: 1. The third motor 551 drives the first air intake plate 552 to rotate, which can quickly switch between "air intake mode" (alignment of the first and second air intake holes) and "backflush mode" (alignment of the first and second backflush holes) without manual disassembly of pipelines. The switching is efficient and does not interrupt the overall operation of the equipment, ensuring continuous monitoring. 2. When switching modes, the containment ring 554 can accurately block non-working air holes (blocking the first backflush hole 542 in air intake mode and blocking the second air intake hole 561 in backflush mode). The sealing performance is good, avoiding gas leakage (ensuring mine safety) and high-pressure gas waste, and improving energy utilization. 3. The switching component 550 is precisely matched with the air intake channel 521 and the backflush ring cavity 541. The rotation process is smooth and without jamming. After switching, the alignment accuracy of each air hole is high, avoiding monitoring failure or incomplete cleaning caused by mode misalignment, and improving the stability of equipment operation.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hoisting mechanism includes a first hoisting assembly 200 and a second hoisting assembly 300. The first hoisting assembly 200 includes a top plate 210, which is anchored to the top of the mine tunnel. A scale plate 220 is vertically provided on the bottom surface of the top plate 210. The second hoisting assembly 300 includes a lifting base 310, and a first winding reel 330 and a second winding reel 360 are installed inside the lifting base 310. A power supply wire 331 is wound around the outer wall of the first winding reel 330, and the second winding reel... The outer wall is wrapped with a traction belt 361, and the backflush pump is installed on the hanger 310; the bottom end of the traction belt 361 is connected to the main box 100, and the power supply wire 331 is electrically connected to the gas detector; the side wall of the hanger 310 is connected to the scale plate 220 by a locking frame 311; the side wall of the hanger 310 is provided with a first motor 320, the output end of the first motor 320 is connected to a drive screw 321, and the drive screw 321 is engaged with the first take-up reel 330 and the second take-up reel 360.

[0043] In the above scheme: 1. The scale plate 220 can intuitively display the installation height, making it easy to accurately locate the position of the hanging seat 310 according to the standard spacing of mine gas monitoring, improving installation accuracy and ensuring that the monitoring coverage meets the requirements; the clamp fixing method of the locking frame 311 is easy to adjust and disassemble, adapting to different installation scenarios. 2. The first motor 320 drives the first winding reel 330 (power supply wire 331) and the second winding reel 360 (traction belt 361) to rotate synchronously through the drive screw 321, realizing the synchronous winding and unwinding of the power supply wire 331 and the traction belt 361, avoiding entanglement during lifting and ensuring smooth lifting; no need for multiple people to cooperate in operation, improving installation and maintenance efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, a hanging column 120 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the main box 100, a guide cone 121 is provided at the top of the hanging column 120, a positioning cover 350 is provided in the middle bottom surface of the hanging base 310, a guide roller group 362 is provided at the top of the positioning cover 350, and the guide roller group 362 is rotatably installed in the hanging base 310.

[0045] In the above scheme: 1. The guide cone 121 at the top of the lifting column 120 can be precisely embedded in the positioning cover 350 to provide guidance for the lifting and lowering of the main box 100, avoiding deviation and shaking during the lifting process, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the main box 100 when it rises and resets, and ensuring accurate monitoring position. 2. The guide roller group 362 can guide the retraction and extension direction of the traction belt 361, reduce the direct friction between the traction belt 361 and the lifting seat 310, reduce wear, and extend the service life of the traction belt 361; at the same time, it improves the smoothness of the retraction and extension of the traction belt 361, ensuring stable lifting and lowering. 3. The cooperation between the positioning cover 350 and the guide cone 121 can also improve the structural stability of the main box 100 after docking with the lifting seat 310, and maintain a firm docking even in the vibration environment of the mine tunnel, avoiding the shaking of the main box 100 from affecting the monitoring accuracy, and improving the safety of equipment operation.

[0046] Working principle and usage process of this invention: S1. Gas sensor installation: Step 1, Fix the top plate 210: Use expansion bolts to firmly install the top plate 210 of the first hoisting assembly 200 at the preset position on the top of the mine tunnel; The second step is to accurately position the lifting bracket 310: According to the standard spacing requirements of mine gas monitoring, the installation height is determined by the scale plate 220, and the lifting bracket 310 of the second lifting component 300 is fixed to the designated position of the scale plate 220 by the clamping frame 311. The third step is the initial deployment: During the initial installation, the two sets of side covers 430 are stored on both sides of the main box 100 under the drive of the second motor 411, with the openings of the side covers 430 facing outwards. The abutment rod 440 on the top surface of the main box 100 abuts against the slide rod 456 of the marking component 450, causing the slide rod 456 to move along the upper guide bar 451 and lengthen the spring rod 458. The driven toothed plate 457 drives the driven gear 455 to rotate, causing each set of marking plates 452 to flip so that the gas monitoring markings face outwards, making it easy for passersby to quickly identify the sensor monitoring location.

[0047] S2, Gas Monitoring: Mine gas passes through the intake hood and enters the intake cap 530. The intake filter 531 and the air stone 533 inside the intake cap 530 perform double filtration of the gas to remove dust and impurities. The filtered gas enters the connecting solenoid 540. At this time, the sensor is in the intake mode. The third motor 551 drives the first intake plate 552 to the initial position. The first intake hole 553 is aligned and connected with the second intake hole 561 of the second intake plate 560. The first backflush hole 542 is misaligned with the second backflush hole 555 of the enclosure ring 554. The enclosure ring 554 blocks the first backflush hole 542. Gas enters the annular intake channel 521 through the first intake port 553 and the second intake port 561, and finally flows to the detection element 520. The detection element 520 measures the gas concentration based on the selective absorption characteristics of methane to infrared light of a specific wavelength, combined with Lambert-Beer's law. When the mine temperature is too low, the heating ring 543 in the connecting solenoid 540 starts to work, heating the incoming gas and preventing condensation from forming at the intake cap 530 and the connecting solenoid 540, thus ensuring smooth gas flow and monitoring accuracy.

[0048] S3, Sensor backflush: When dust accumulates on the filter components and affects air intake, activate the backflushing cleaning mode: Step 1, mode switching: The third motor 551 drives the first air intake plate 552 to rotate, causing the first air intake hole 553 to be misaligned with the second air intake hole 561. The second air intake hole 561 is blocked by the first air intake plate 552. At the same time, the second back-blowing air hole 555 of the enclosure ring 554 is aligned and connected with the first back-blowing air hole 542 of the back-blowing ring cavity 541. The second step is high-pressure gas supply: the backflush pump 340 is started, and the high-pressure gas is delivered to the gas distributor 160 through the corrugated air guide pipe 341 and the inner air pipe 150. The gas distributor 160 divides the high-pressure gas into two outputs. The third step is synchronous backflushing inside and outside: one high-pressure gas is input to the inner backflushing hood 140 of the outer backflushing component, and the gas is directed downwards through the outlet of the inner backflushing hood 140 to clean the dust on the surface of the air intake hood; another high-pressure gas is input to the backflushing annular cavity 541 of the connecting solenoid 540, and output through the first backflushing air hole 542 and the second backflushing air hole 555 arranged in annular array. The high-pressure gas passes through the air stone plate 533 and the air intake filter 531 from the inside to the outside, realizing a comprehensive backflushing cleaning of the filter components and removing accumulated dust and impurities.

[0049] S4, Sensor Calibration: Step 1, sealing and labeling switching: The second motor 411 drives the tilting frame 420 to rotate downwards, and the two sets of side covers 430 dock and surround the outside of the air intake cover to form a closed detection area; during the rotation of the tilting frame 420, the contact rod 440 disengages from the slide rod 456, the spring rod 458 retracts and drives the slide rod 456 to reset, and the driven toothed plate 457 on the slide rod 456 drives the driven gear 455 to rotate, thereby driving each set of label plates 452 to flip, so that the maintenance label on the back of the label plate 452 faces outwards, making it easy for operators to quickly identify that the sensor is in maintenance and calibration status; The second step is to lift and lower to the calibration position: the first motor 320 starts, driving the drive screw 321 to rotate. The drive screw 321 simultaneously drives the first take-up reel 330 and the second take-up reel 360 to rotate, releasing the traction belt 361 and the power supply wire 331. The main box 100 descends with the traction belt 361 to the calibration position where the calibration worker stands, without the need for the worker to climb the ladder. The third step is calibration: The worker connects the output pipe of the standard gas cylinder to the calibration connector 431 of the side enclosure 430. The standard gas cylinder outputs a standard concentration of methane gas into the enclosed detection area. The worker compares the value displayed on the sensor display screen 610 with the corresponding instrument value of the standard gas cylinder, and adjusts the sensor parameters by pressing the buttons to complete the calibration. After calibration, the first motor 320 rotates in reverse, winding up the traction belt 361 and the power supply wire 331, and the main housing 100 rises to the initial monitoring position. The second motor 411 drives the tilting frame 420 to rotate upward, the side enclosure 430 is retracted, and the identification plate 452 returns to the position with the methane monitoring label facing outward. Sealing strips can be installed at each joint of the side enclosure to improve the sealing performance of the side enclosure.

[0050] S5, Sensor enclosure: When special operations such as blasting and excavation are carried out in the mine tunnel, and it is necessary to avoid false alarms from the sensors, the automatic enclosure function is activated: the second motor 411 drives the tilting frame 420 to rotate downwards, and the two sets of side enclosures 430 are connected to enclose the outside of the air intake hood, forming a closed detection area; at the same time, the spring rod 458 retracts, driving the slide rod 456 to move, and the sign 452 flips so that the maintenance sign faces outwards; after the special operation is completed, the second motor 411 drives the tilting frame 420 to rotate upwards, the side enclosures 430 are retracted, and the sign 452 returns to the monitoring sign, realizing automatic enclosure and reset, without the need for manual climbing to take and put away the protective cover.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining, characterized in that, include: The main box has an air intake hood on its bottom surface, and the PLC main board loaded with gallium nitride chips is installed inside the main box. The gas detector includes a housing column, which is installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the main housing and located inside the air intake hood. The housing column contains a detection element. The bottom of the housing column has a connecting screw tube, which is threaded to the bottom of the connecting screw tube. The air intake hood contains a filter component. The connecting screw tube contains a switching component, which is used to switch the gas detector between air intake mode and backflush mode. The connecting screw tube contains an internal backflush component for cleaning the filter component, and the housing column has an external backflush component for cleaning the air intake hood. Symmetrical marking components on both sides of the main housing; upward-rotating marking components are stored on both sides of the main housing to mark the gas detection location; downward-rotating marking components surround the outside of the air intake hood for closed calibration and maintenance marking. The hoisting mechanism is installed on the top of the main box and is used to drive the main box to rise and fall.

2. The gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marking component includes a support base located on the side of the main box. An L-shaped flip frame is rotatably connected to the side of the main box, and a second motor is installed at the rotatable connection. A side cover is provided at the end of the flip frame. The end section of the side cover is U-shaped. Marking components are installed on the side of the side cover. A calibration connector is provided on the outer wall of the side cover. Abutment rods are symmetrically provided on the top side wall of the main box. When both sets of side covers are at the top, the contact rod contacts the marking component to mark the gas detection position, and the opening of the side cover faces outward; When both sets of side covers are at the bottom, the two sets of side covers seal and block the outside of the air intake cover, and the calibration connector is connected to the external standard air source; the marking components are marked for maintenance.

3. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signage component includes an upper guide bar, a sign, a lower guide bar, and a spring rod. Multiple sets of signage are provided. The upper and lower guide bars are respectively located at the top and bottom of the multiple sets of signage. The signage has a double-sided structure. A flip shaft is provided at both the top and bottom of the sign. The top flip shaft is rotatably connected to the upper guide bar, and the bottom flip shaft is rotatably connected to the lower guide bar. A driven gear is provided on the outside of the top flip shaft. A slide rod is slidably installed at the bottom of the upper guide bar. Multiple sets of driven toothed plates are provided on the side wall of the slide rod. Each set of driven toothed plates meshes with a set of driven gears. One end of the spring rod is connected to the slide rod, and the other end is connected to the upper guide bar. An abutment rod is used to resist the displacement of the slide rod and lengthen the spring rod.

4. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter component includes an air intake filter, a first rubber ring, an air stone, and a second rubber ring. The air intake filter is fixed to the bottom inside the air intake cap. The inner side of the air intake filter is provided with the second rubber ring, the air stone, and the first rubber ring in sequence. The inner diameter of the air intake filter is larger than the inner diameter of the air stone.

5. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal air pipe is installed inside the main body. The bottom of the internal air pipe is connected to an air distribution connector. The output end of the air distribution connector is connected in parallel to an internal backflush component and an external backflush component. The top of the internal air pipe extends out of the main body. The top of the internal air pipe is connected to a corrugated air guide pipe. The top of the corrugated air guide pipe is connected to a backflush air pump. The external backflush component includes an internal backflush hood, which is located between the air intake hood and the gas detector, with the outlet of the internal backflush hood facing downwards towards the air intake hood.

6. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the detection element is connected to an annular air intake channel. The inlet end of the air intake channel is provided with a second air intake plate, which is fixedly embedded inside the connecting screw tube. The interior of the second air intake plate has a second air intake hole arranged in an annular array.

7. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal backflush component includes a backflush ring cavity, which is opened inside the connecting solenoid tube. The inner wall of the backflush ring cavity is connected to a first backflush air hole arranged in a ring array. The connecting solenoid tube has a built-in heating ring, which is located outside the backflush ring cavity.

8. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switching component includes a third motor, a first air intake plate, and a retaining ring. The third motor is located inside the outer casing column. The output shaft of the third motor passes through the second air intake plate and its end is connected to the first air intake plate. The first air intake plate has a first air intake hole inside. A retaining ring is vertically provided at the outer edge of the first air intake plate. A second backflush hole is provided inside the retaining ring. In intake mode, the first air intake port and the second air intake port are aligned and connected, while the first backflush port and the second backflush port are staggered. In backflush mode, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are misaligned, and the first backflush air inlet and the second backflush air inlet are aligned and connected.

9. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hoisting mechanism includes a first hoisting component and a second hoisting component; The first hoisting assembly includes a top plate, which is anchored to the top of the mine tunnel, and a scale plate is vertically provided on the bottom surface of the top plate; The second hoisting assembly includes a hoisting base, inside which are installed a first winding reel and a second winding reel. The outer wall of the first winding reel is wound with a power supply wire, and the outer wall of the second winding reel is wound with a traction belt. A backflush pump is installed on the hoisting base. The bottom end of the traction belt is connected to the main housing, and the power supply wire is electrically connected to the gas detector. The side wall of the hoisting base is connected to a scale plate via a locking frame clamp. A first motor is provided on the side wall of the hoisting base, and the output end of the first motor is connected to a drive screw. The drive screw engages with the first winding reel and the second winding reel.

10. A gallium nitride gas sensor for mining according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main box body has a hanging column in the middle of the top surface, a guide cone at the top of the hanging column, a positioning cover in the middle bottom surface of the hanging base, and a guide roller assembly at the top of the positioning cover. The guide roller assembly is rotatably installed in the hanging base.

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