Cold plate, energy storage battery and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold plate, an energy storage battery and an energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The cold plate comprises a flow channel plate, a first cover plate and a second cover plate, a liquid inlet and a liquid return opening in the first cover plate are communicated with a first flow channel, the first flow channel is communicated with a second flow channel through a first flow inlet, and therefore heat exchange liquid enters the first flow channel from the liquid inlet and enters the second flow channel through the first flow inlet; and the heat exchange liquid can be finally discharged through the liquid return opening, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate can be cooled at the same time. As the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with the first contact surface and the second contact surface, the cold plate can be arranged between the two groups of battery cell modules, the first contact surface and the second contact surface are respectively contacted with the corresponding battery cell modules, and the two groups of battery cell modules are cooled at the same time, so that the use quantity of the cold plate is reduced, and the cost is reduced. The cost is reduced; and the space utilization rate in the energy storage battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a cold plate, an energy storage battery, and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage batteries can be used in energy storage systems such as new energy storage, electric vehicles, and energy storage containers. These batteries are equipped with cold plates for heat dissipation of the cell modules. As energy storage systems demand higher energy density, integration technologies such as CTR (Cell-to-Rack) are becoming more widespread. This has led to changes in the positions of the tabs and explosion-proof valves in high-capacity cells. For example, the tabs and explosion-proof valves are now located on the sides of the cell, making the top and bottom of the cell flat, allowing two cell modules to be stacked vertically. However, the cold plates in these technologies can only dissipate heat from one side, requiring a separate cold plate for each layer of cells. This not only increases the number and cost of cold plates but also reduces the internal space utilization of the energy storage battery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a cold plate capable of double-sided heat dissipation and disposed between two cell modules, thereby reducing the number of cold plates used, lowering costs, and improving the internal space utilization of the energy storage battery.

[0004] The present invention also proposes an energy storage battery and energy storage system having the above-mentioned cold plate.

[0005] A cold plate according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a flow channel plate having a first groove and a second groove formed on both sides along its thickness direction; a first cover plate connected to one side of the flow channel plate along its thickness direction, a first flow channel being formed between the first cover plate and the first groove of the flow channel plate, the first cover plate having a first contact surface on its side away from the flow channel plate, the first cover plate having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet being respectively connected to the first flow channel; and a second cover plate connected to the other side of the flow channel plate along its thickness direction, a second flow channel being formed between the second cover plate and the second groove of the flow channel plate, the second cover plate having a second contact surface on its side away from the flow channel plate; wherein the flow channel plate has a first inlet penetrating both sides along its thickness direction, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the first inlet.

[0006] The cold plate according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By setting a first cover plate and a second cover plate connected to both sides of the flow channel plate along the thickness direction, a first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed between the flow channel plate and the first and second cover plates, respectively. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet on the first cover plate are connected to the first flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected to the second flow channel through the first inlet. Therefore, the heat exchange liquid enters the first flow channel from the liquid inlet and enters the second flow channel through the first inlet. The heat exchange liquid can finally be discharged through the liquid outlet, which is beneficial for the simultaneous cooling of the first and second cover plates. Since the first and second cover plates are respectively provided with a first contact surface and a second contact surface, a cold plate can be placed between the two sets of cell modules. The first contact surface and the second contact surface contact the corresponding cell modules, respectively, to dissipate heat from the two sets of cell modules, thereby reducing the number of cold plates used, reducing costs, and improving the internal space utilization of the energy storage battery.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first flow channel includes an inlet section, a return section, and a plurality of first heat dissipation sections, at least some of the first heat dissipation sections are connected in sequence, the inlet section is connected to the first of the plurality of first heat dissipation sections connected in sequence, and the inlet section is connected to the liquid inlet, the return section is connected to the last of the plurality of first heat dissipation sections connected in sequence, and the return section is connected to the liquid return outlet.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the first heat dissipation flow sections is provided with the first inlet.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flow channel plate is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet penetrating both sides of the flow channel plate in each of the first heat dissipation flow sections. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the first heat dissipation flow section, the first inlet is located upstream of the first heat dissipation flow section, the first outlet is located downstream of the first heat dissipation flow section, and the second flow channel is connected to the first flow channel through the first outlet.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first heat dissipation flow section includes two parallel first branches connected end to end, the second flow channel includes a plurality of second heat dissipation flow sections, and each of the two first branches of the first heat dissipation flow section is provided with a second heat dissipation flow section, and the two ends of the second heat dissipation flow section are respectively connected to the first inlet and the first outlet.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flow channel plate is recessed in a direction away from the first cover plate to form the first groove, and the flow channel plate protrudes in a direction toward the second cover plate at each of the first heat dissipation flow sections to form two parallel ribs, and the second groove is formed between adjacent two ribs.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of sequentially connected first heat dissipation flow sections constitute a heat dissipation flow section group, the heat dissipation flow section group extends along a first direction, the heat dissipation flow section group has a plurality of sections and is sequentially connected through reversing flow sections, the plurality of heat dissipation flow section groups are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, part of the reversing flow section includes two parallel and connected second branches. The second flow channel also includes a third heat dissipation flow section. The flow channel plate is also provided with a second inlet and a second outlet. The third heat dissipation flow section is located between the two second branches. The two ends of the third heat dissipation flow section are connected to the reversing flow section through the second inlet and the second outlet, respectively. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the reversing flow section, the second inlet is located upstream of the reversing flow section, and the second outlet is located downstream of the reversing flow section.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cold plate includes four sequentially connected heat dissipation flow section groups. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the heat dissipation flow section group, the first heat dissipation flow section group includes N1 first heat dissipation flow sections, the second heat dissipation flow section group includes N2 first heat dissipation flow sections, the third heat dissipation flow section group includes N3 first heat dissipation flow sections, and the fourth heat dissipation flow section group includes N4 first heat dissipation flow sections, satisfying: N1 < N2 ≤ N3 < N4.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, adjacent first heat dissipation flow sections within the heat dissipation flow section group are connected by a confluence section, wherein the maximum width of the confluence section is less than the maximum width of the first heat dissipation flow section.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections are sequentially connected to form a first flow section group, and the first flow section group is connected to one end of the inlet flow section and one end of the return flow section. Another portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections are sequentially connected to form a second flow section group, and the second flow section group is connected to the other end of the inlet flow section and the other end of the return flow section. The first flow section group and the second flow section group are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the flow channel plate.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cold plate further includes a connector, the connector having a return liquid channel and an outlet liquid channel, the inlet liquid port and the return liquid port being located on the same side of the first cover plate, and the inlet liquid port and the outlet liquid channel being connected, and the return liquid port and the return liquid channel being connected.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an energy storage battery includes at least two cell modules and a cold plate as described in the above embodiment, wherein the cold plate is disposed between the two cell modules, a first contact surface abuts against one of the cell modules, and a second contact surface abuts against the other cell module.

[0019] The energy storage battery according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By employing the cold plate of the first embodiment, the cold plate is connected to both sides of the flow channel plate along the thickness direction by a first cover plate and a second cover plate. A first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed between the flow channel plate, the first cover plate, and the second cover plate, respectively. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet on the first cover plate are respectively connected to the first flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected to the second flow channel through the first inlet. Therefore, the heat exchange liquid enters the first flow channel from the liquid inlet and enters the second flow channel through the first inlet. The heat exchange liquid can finally be discharged through the liquid outlet, which is beneficial for the simultaneous cooling of the first cover plate and the second cover plate. Since the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with a first contact surface and a second contact surface, the cold plate can be placed between two sets of cell modules. The first contact surface and the second contact surface contact the corresponding cell modules respectively, and heat dissipation is provided for both sets of cell modules at the same time, thereby reducing the number of cold plates used, reducing costs, and improving the space utilization rate inside the energy storage battery.

[0020] An energy storage system according to a third aspect of the present invention includes the energy storage battery described in the above embodiments.

[0021] The energy storage system according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By employing the energy storage battery of the second aspect embodiment, the cold plate of the energy storage battery is connected to both sides of the flow channel plate along the thickness direction by setting a first cover plate and a second cover plate. A first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed between the flow channel plate, the first cover plate, and the second cover plate, respectively. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet on the first cover plate are respectively connected to the first flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected to the second flow channel through the first inlet. Therefore, the heat exchange liquid enters the first flow channel from the liquid inlet and enters the second flow channel through the first inlet. The heat exchange liquid can finally be discharged through the liquid outlet, which is beneficial for the simultaneous cooling of the first cover plate and the second cover plate. Since the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with a first contact surface and a second contact surface, the cold plate can be placed between two sets of cell modules. The first contact surface and the second contact surface contact the corresponding cell modules respectively, and heat dissipation is provided for both sets of cell modules at the same time, thereby reducing the number of cold plates used, reducing costs, and improving the internal space utilization of the energy storage battery.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Partial structural cross-sectional view at point AA; Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a cold plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front structural diagram of a flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 9 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view at point D; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view at point E in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: Cold plate 1000; Flow channel plate 100; first groove 110; second groove 120; first inlet 130; first outlet 140; rib 150; First cover plate 200; first contact surface 210; liquid inlet 220; liquid return outlet 230; Second cover plate 300; Second contact surface 310; First flow channel 400; Inlet section 410; Return section 420; First heat dissipation section 430; First branch 431; Merging section 440; Heat dissipation section group 450; Reversing section 460; Second branch 461; Second inlet 462; Second outlet 463; Second flow channel 500; Second heat dissipation flow section 510; Third heat dissipation flow section 520; Connector 600; return channel 610; outlet channel 620; Heat insulation pad 700; Energy storage battery 2000; cell module 2100. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0028] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a cold plate 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used in an energy storage battery 2000 of an energy storage system, such as an energy storage container or an electric vehicle. The cold plate 1000 of this embodiment includes a flow channel plate 100, a first cover plate 200, and a second cover plate 300. A first groove 110 and a second groove 120 are formed on both sides of the flow channel plate 100 along its thickness direction. The first cover plate 200 is connected to one side of the flow channel plate 100 along its thickness direction. A first flow channel 400 is formed between the first cover plate 200 and the first groove 110 of the flow channel plate 100. A first contact surface 210 is provided on the side of the first cover plate 200 away from the flow channel plate 100. The first cover plate 200 has a liquid inlet 220 and a liquid return outlet 230, which are respectively connected to the first flow channel 400. The heat exchange liquid can enter the first flow channel 400 through the liquid inlet 220 and then be discharged from the liquid return outlet 230. The heat exchange fluid can be refrigerant, water, etc., and refrigerant will be used as an example in the following explanation. The second cover plate 300 is connected to the other side of the flow channel plate 100 along the thickness direction. A second flow channel 500 is formed between the second cover plate 300 and the second groove 120 of the flow channel plate 100. The side of the second cover plate 300 away from the flow channel plate 100 is provided with a second contact surface 310. The flow channel plate 100 is provided with a first inlet 130 that penetrates both sides. The first inlet 130 is a through hole that penetrates the thickness direction of the flow channel plate 100. The first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500 are connected through the first inlet 130.

[0030] As energy storage systems increasingly demand higher energy density, solutions combining CTR architecture with large-capacity cells require flat surfaces on both sides of the cell, including tabs and explosion-proof valves, providing adequate heat dissipation. Traditional stamped cold plates 1000, with only one flat side, cannot meet the need for double-sided heat dissipation. This embodiment utilizes a three-layer brazed structure consisting of a flow channel plate 100, a first cover plate 200, and a second cover plate 300. The flow channel plate 100 is placed in the middle, and a first groove 110 and a second groove 120 are formed on both sides of the flow channel plate 100 by stamping. The first cover plate 200 and the second cover plate 300 are welded to both sides of the flow channel plate 100, forming a first flow channel 400 and a second flow channel 500. This facilitates heat dissipation through contact between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 and the two sets of cell modules 2100 of the energy storage battery 2000.

[0031] It should be noted that the first contact surface 210 can be either a surface formed by a protruding structure of the first cover plate 200 on the side opposite to the flow channel plate 100, or a surface of the first cover plate 200 on the side opposite to the flow channel plate 100. The second contact surface 310 can be either a surface formed by a protruding structure of the second cover plate 300 on the side opposite to the flow channel plate 100, or a surface of the second cover plate 300 on the side opposite to the flow channel plate 100, depending on the actual situation.

[0032] The heat dissipation working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: The refrigerant enters the first flow channel 400 through the liquid inlet 220 provided in the first cover plate 200. When the refrigerant flows through the first inlet 130, a portion of the refrigerant remains in the first flow channel 400 between the flow channel plate 100 and the first cover plate 200 to cool the first contact surface 210; another portion of the refrigerant enters the second flow channel 500 between the flow channel plate 100 and the second cover plate 300 through the first inlet 130 to cool the second contact surface 310.

[0033] It should be noted that the refrigerant in the first flow channel 400 can be discharged through the return port 230. There are two embodiments for discharging the refrigerant in the second flow channel 500: One is to provide a first outlet 140 on the flow channel plate 100, with the second flow channel 500 connected to the first flow channel 400 via the first outlet 140. Therefore, the refrigerant in both the first and second flow channels 400 is ultimately discharged through the return port 230. The other is to provide an outlet on the second cover plate, with the outlet connected to the second flow channel 500. Therefore, the refrigerant in the second flow channel 500 can be discharged through the outlet on the second cover plate. Subsequent embodiments will use the example of providing a first outlet 140 on the flow channel plate 100 for illustration.

[0034] By adopting the above scheme, a first inlet 130 is set inside the flow channel plate 100, enabling stratified flow distribution of the refrigerant within the cold plate 1000. This eliminates the need for an external flow distribution structure, simplifying the system installation process and reducing costs. The first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 respectively abut against the upper and lower sets of battery cell modules 2100, allowing a single cold plate 1000 to simultaneously dissipate heat for two sets of battery cell modules 2100, improving the space utilization and energy density of the energy storage container. The refrigerant directly contacts the flow channels corresponding to the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310, utilizing the latent heat transfer of the refrigerant phase change to remove heat and improve heat exchange efficiency. By rationally designing the dimensions of the first inlet 130, the first flow channel 400, and the second flow channel 500, the flow distribution into the first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500 can be controlled, reducing the temperature difference between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 and ensuring temperature consistency across different battery cell layers. The liquid inlet 220 and the liquid return outlet 230 are uniformly set on the first cover plate 200, so that all external liquid pipes are connected to the same side of the cold plate 1000, which is suitable for the installation environment of single-sided door of energy storage container and solves the problem of multiple inlet and outlet pipelines being difficult to arrange inside the container.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the first flow channel 400 includes an inlet section 410, a return section 420, and a plurality of first heat dissipation sections 430, at least some of the first heat dissipation sections 430 being sequentially connected. For example, some of the first heat dissipation sections 430 are sequentially connected, and another portion of the heat dissipation sections are also sequentially connected, with the first flow channel 400 arranged symmetrically in the left-right direction. Of course, it can also be designed so that all the first heat dissipation channels are sequentially connected, and a suitable scheme is selected according to the actual situation. The inlet section 410 is connected to the first of the plurality of sequentially connected first heat dissipation sections 430, and the inlet section 410 is connected to the liquid inlet 220. The return section 420 is connected to the last of the plurality of sequentially connected first heat dissipation sections 430, and the return section 420 is connected to the liquid return outlet 230.

[0036] Understandably, the refrigerant from the external cooling system enters the inlet section 410 through the liquid inlet 220 on the first cover plate 200. The inlet section 410 is located on one side of the flow channel plate 100 and serves to collect the refrigerant and guide it to the core heat dissipation area. The refrigerant flows from the inlet section 410 into the first first heat dissipation section 430. These first heat dissipation sections 430 are formed by the stamped corrugated structure of the middle layer of the flow channel plate 100 and the first cover plate 200. Multiple first heat dissipation sections 430 are connected in series or partially in series, so that the refrigerant forms a serpentine path for reciprocating flow below the first plane. During the flow, the refrigerant absorbs the battery heat from the first plane and uses the latent heat of phase change of refrigerants such as R134a to achieve high-density heat dissipation. After heat exchange, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the last first heat dissipation section 430, then flows into the return section 420, and finally exits the cold plate 1000 through the liquid return port 230.

[0037] By adopting the above scheme, the sequentially connected first heat dissipation sections 430 extend the refrigerant's travel distance within the cold plate 1000, allowing the refrigerant to fully cover the heat source contact area of ​​the first plane and increasing the effective heat dissipation area. The structural design of the inlet section 410 and the return section 420 guides the orderly entry and exit of the refrigerant, preventing stagnation of the refrigerant within the first heat dissipation section 430 and reducing the risk of localized dry burning. By connecting multiple first heat dissipation sections 430 in series, the refrigerant maintains a relatively stable flow rate within a single path, improving convective heat transfer efficiency. The closed-loop path formed by the liquid inlet 220, inlet section 410, first heat dissipation section 430, return section 420, and return port 230 simplifies the stamping die design of the flow channel plate 100 and improves manufacturing yield. This flow channel arrangement allows for adjustment of the spacing between the heat dissipation sections according to the cell arrangement characteristics, helping to reduce the overall temperature difference of the first plane. The internal space of the flow channel plate 100 is used to achieve precise guidance of the refrigerant, which provides reliable heat dissipation support while meeting the compact space requirements of the CTR architecture, and ensures the temperature stability of the energy storage system under high-power charging and discharging environment.

[0038] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, each first heat dissipation section 430 is provided with a first inlet 130. By providing a first inlet 130 in the first heat dissipation section 430, it is beneficial for the refrigerant to be distributed within the first heat dissipation section 430, thereby cooling the first cover plate 200 and the second cover plate 300.

[0039] When all the first heat dissipation flow sections 430 are equipped with first inlets 130, the refrigerant flows sequentially through the multiple first heat dissipation flow sections 430. When the refrigerant reaches the starting position of a specific first heat dissipation flow section 430, driven by the local pressure difference, part of the refrigerant passes through the first inlet 130, penetrates the flow channel plate 100, and enters the second flow channel 500, while the other part of the refrigerant continues to flow within the first heat dissipation flow section 430. This design, which replenishes refrigerant at the starting position of each heat dissipation flow section, ensures that the second flow channel 500 receives continuous refrigerant replenishment throughout its entire stroke.

[0040] By adopting the above scheme, it can be ensured that sufficient refrigerant enters each corresponding heat dissipation area of ​​the second flow channel 500, avoiding refrigerant shortage in the terminal flow section due to excessive flow channel length. By setting a first inlet 130 in each first heat dissipation flow section 430, multi-point flow splitting is achieved, balancing the pressure loss between the first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500, which helps to achieve uniform internal flow distribution. The layered flow splitting is completed by utilizing the opening design of the flow channel plate 100 itself, eliminating the need for external flow manifolds, reducing the complexity and cost of system assembly. Multi-point replenishment can suppress the tendency of gas-liquid separation during two-phase flow, and by continuously introducing liquid refrigerant into the second flow channel 500, the risk of dry burning is reduced, and the overall thermal reliability of the cold plate 1000 is improved. Based on the above periodic replenishment mechanism, the heat transfer coefficients of the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 tend to be consistent.

[0041] The cold plate 1000 in this embodiment is a core component of the direct cooling system, guiding the flow of two-phase refrigerant through internal channels to achieve heat exchange. Because the refrigerant undergoes a phase change during heat dissipation, a gas-liquid two-phase coexistence state exists within the channels, placing high demands on the uniformity of flow distribution. In the CTR sandwich structure, the cold plate 1000 needs to simultaneously cool the battery cells contacted by the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310. If the distribution of the two-phase refrigerant between different planes deviates, it will lead to a large temperature difference between the upper and lower battery packs, reducing the overall cycle life of the system. Furthermore, traditional single-channel designs are prone to gas-liquid separation after long-distance flow, resulting in a decrease in localized heat dissipation performance.

[0042] To further reduce the temperature difference between the first cover plate 200 and the second cover plate 300 and improve the problem of reduced local heat dissipation capacity, refer to Figure 8As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel plate 100 is provided with a first inlet 130 and a first outlet 140 penetrating both sides of the flow channel plate 100 in each first heat dissipation section 430. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the first heat dissipation section 430, the first inlet 130 is located upstream of the first heat dissipation section 430, and the first outlet 140 is located downstream of the first heat dissipation section 430. The second flow channel 500 is connected to the first flow channel 400 through the first outlet 140.

[0043] Understandably, when the refrigerant flows through the upstream first inlet 130, some of it enters the second flow channel 500, allowing the first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500 to exchange heat synchronously. When the refrigerant flows to the downstream end of the current first heat dissipation section 430, i.e., the location of the first outlet 140, the refrigerant in the second flow channel 500 passes through the first outlet 140 on the flow channel plate 100 and re-enters the first flow channel 400. The two fluids re-merge and physically mix before entering the next first heat dissipation section 430.

[0044] By adopting the above scheme, the refrigerant is regularly converged within the plate through the first outlet 140. This cyclical mechanism of diversion, convergence, and re-diversion resets the gas-liquid ratio after each flow segment, corrects potential distribution deviations within a single heat dissipation segment, and reduces the continuous accumulation of uneven distribution. Through periodic convergence and mixing, the flow channels corresponding to the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 maintain similar refrigerant dryness throughout the entire stroke, improving the symmetry of heat transfer performance and thus mitigating the problem of decreased local heat dissipation capacity. The first outlet 140 cooperates with the first inlet 130 to divert the flow within the flow channel plate 100, without relying on an external diversion structure, simplifying the connection arrangement between the cold plate 1000 and the external liquid pipes. This design helps to control the temperature difference between the upper and lower battery layers within a small range and optimizes the system-level temperature field distribution.

[0045] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first heat dissipation flow section 430 includes two parallel first branches 431 connected end to end, and the second flow channel 500 includes a plurality of second heat dissipation flow sections 510. Each of the two first branches 431 of the first heat dissipation flow section 430 is provided with a second heat dissipation flow section 510. The two ends of the second heat dissipation flow section 510 are respectively connected to the first inlet 130 and the first outlet 140.

[0046] Understandably, the refrigerant enters upstream of the first heat dissipation section 430 and encounters the first inlet 130 pre-installed on the flow channel plate 100. The flow channel plate 100 is formed into a corrugated structure through a stamping process, dividing the physical space into a first flow channel 400 space located on one side of the first cover plate 200 and a second flow channel 500 space located on one side of the second cover plate 300. The refrigerant is split here and guided into three parallel flow paths: two streams of fluid enter two parallel first branches 431, directly contacting the first contact surface 210 of the first cover plate 200 for heat exchange; the third stream of fluid passes through the first inlet 130 and enters the second heat dissipation section 510 located on the other side of the flow channel plate 100, contacting the second contact surface 310 of the second cover plate 300 for heat exchange. This arrangement places the second heat dissipation section 510 between the two first branches 431 in spatial projection, forming an interleaved heat exchange matrix. After the three fluids complete heat exchange in their respective flow sections, they rejoin at the first outlet 140 downstream and enter the next circulation cycle.

[0047] By employing the above scheme, three flow paths are divided within the flow channel plate 100, increasing the effective contact area between the refrigerant and the heat exchange surface of the cold plate 1000, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. This three-stream splitting structure design achieves a balanced distribution of the refrigerant between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310, ensuring that the cooling effect of the upper and lower battery packs tends to be consistent. Embedding the second heat dissipation flow section 510 into the space structure between the two first branches 431 improves the utilization rate of the internal space of the cold plate 1000, meeting the design requirements of the CTR architecture for high power density. Utilizing the first inlet 130 for local three-stream splitting effectively reduces the flow resistance of a single flow channel and optimizes the pressure distribution of the refrigerant throughout the heat dissipation path. The periodic design of splitting and merging allows the refrigerant to be physically mixed before entering the subsequent heat dissipation stage, reducing the risk of uneven distribution due to phase change. Simulation data shows that this structure can maintain the interlayer temperature difference within 0.5℃.

[0048] Reference Figure 11 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel plate 100 is recessed in the direction away from the first cover plate 200 to form a first groove 110, and the flow channel plate 100 protrudes in the direction toward the second cover plate 300 at each first heat dissipation section 430 to form two parallel ribs 150, and a second heat dissipation section 510 is formed between two adjacent ribs 150.

[0049] It is understood that the cold plate 1000 in this embodiment adopts a three-layer brazed plate structure, and the complex fluid path is defined by the deformation of the middle layer flow channel plate 100. The flow channel plate 100 is processed into a preset wavy cross section by a stamping process. The flow channel plate 100 is locally pressed away from the first cover plate 200, so that a gap is created between the flow channel plate 100 and the first cover plate 200, thereby forming the first flow channel 400 for refrigerant flow. At the corresponding first heat dissipation section 430, the flow channel plate 100 extends two protruding parts towards the second cover plate 300, namely two parallel ribs 150. The top of the ribs 150 is attached to the inner wall of the second cover plate 300 and fixed by a brazing process, which plays a supporting and sealing role. Since there is a concave area between the two ribs 150, a hollow sealed space is formed between the flow channel plate 100 and the second cover plate 300, namely the second heat dissipation section 510.

[0050] By employing the above scheme, the surface undulations of a single flow channel plate 100 are used to simultaneously divide two layers of fluid channels on both the front and back sides, achieving bi-sided heat dissipation of the cold plate 1000. The parallel design of the protruding ribs 150 increases the brazing contact area between the flow channel plate 100 and the second cover plate 300, improving the overall structural rigidity and compressive strength of the cold plate 1000. This construction method ensures that both the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 remain flat, ensuring that the cold plate 1000 can be tightly bonded to the energy storage cell, reducing contact thermal resistance. The geometric parameters of the protruding ribs 150 and the recessed portion can precisely control the flow area of ​​the first flow channel 400 and the second heat dissipation section 510, which is beneficial for reducing the difference in heat transfer performance between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 through flow channel size optimization. The flow channel can be formed through a simple stamping process, reducing processing difficulty and manufacturing costs.

[0051] In CTR architecture applications, the cold plate 1000 typically needs to have a large length to accommodate long, high-capacity battery cells. Because the cold plate 1000 involves a two-phase flow phase change process, the refrigerant continuously vaporizes as the flow path increases. Long, single-channel flow is prone to gas-liquid separation, leading to decreased heat dissipation performance at the end of the channel and creating localized temperature differences.

[0052] To reduce temperature difference, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sequentially connected first heat dissipation flow sections 430 constitute a heat dissipation flow section group 450. The heat dissipation flow section group 450 extends along a first direction. The heat dissipation flow section group 450 is provided with a plurality of sections and is sequentially connected through a reversing flow section 460. The plurality of heat dissipation flow section groups 450 are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0053] Understandably, after the refrigerant enters a heat dissipation flow group 450, it flows sequentially along the first direction through multiple first heat dissipation flow sections 430 within the group. Within each first heat dissipation flow section 430, the refrigerant undergoes localized diversion and convergence through the first inlet 130 and the first outlet 140. After completing its journey through the current heat dissipation flow group 450, the refrigerant changes direction through the reversing flow section 460 and enters another adjacent heat dissipation flow group 450. The multiple heat dissipation flow group groups 450 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, causing the refrigerant to form a reciprocating serpentine path within the plane of the cold plate 1000, achieving full coverage of a large area of ​​the battery.

[0054] By adopting the above scheme, the heat dissipation flow segment group 450 extending along the first direction can effectively adapt to the geometry of the elongated battery cell, ensuring the effective contact area between the cold plate 1000 and the heat source. The heat dissipation flow segment groups 450 are connected by reversing flow segments 460, allowing the refrigerant to change direction after completing a long flow distance, using flow disturbance to assist refrigerant mixing. Multiple repeating confluence nodes are set inside the heat dissipation flow segment group 450 to ensure that the refrigerant undergoes sufficient physical aggregation before entering the next heat dissipation flow segment. This design forcibly resets the gas-liquid two-phase distribution, reducing the risk of uneven gas-liquid distribution caused by long-distance flow, thereby reducing the temperature difference caused by long-distance flow. Through the spaced arrangement of the heat dissipation flow segment groups 450 in the second direction, the cold plate 1000 can flexibly adjust the channel density according to the width of the battery cell, optimizing the uniformity of the overall temperature field. This modular, periodic channel arrangement makes the pressure gradient distribution inside the cold plate 1000 more uniform, preventing localized dry burning of the refrigerant.

[0055] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the partial reversing flow section 460 includes two parallel and interconnected second branches 461. The second flow channel 500 also includes a third heat dissipation flow section 520. The flow channel plate 100 is also provided with a second inlet 462 and a second outlet 463. The third heat dissipation flow section 520 is located between the two second branches 461. The two ends of the third heat dissipation flow section 520 are connected to the reversing flow section 460 through the second inlet 462 and the second outlet 463, respectively. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the reversing flow section 460, the second inlet 462 is located upstream of the reversing flow section 460, and the second outlet 463 is located downstream of the reversing flow section 460.

[0056] In a direct cooling system, the phase change that occurs when the refrigerant flows through a long channel can alter the gas-liquid distribution. The transition section is typically located at the edge of the cold plate 1000 or in the turning area between two heat dissipation flow section groups 450. If the transition section is only used for refrigerant diversion and lacks distribution regulation capabilities, it may exacerbate the distribution deviation between the gas and liquid phases when entering the next flow section. To maintain a uniform temperature field across the entire plane of the cold plate 1000, this embodiment also incorporates a flow diversion and convergence mechanism in the transition section. For example, when two distant heat exchange flow section groups need to be connected via a reversing flow channel, the structure of this reversing flow channel can be redesigned. Figure 6 In a heat exchange channel group arranged from right to left, when the first heat exchange channel group and the fourth heat exchange channel group are connected through a reversing channel, the flow splitting and merging mechanism can be set in this transition section.

[0057] Understandably, the refrigerant merges at the end of the heat dissipation flow section 450 and enters the transition flow section. When the refrigerant flows to the upstream position of the transition flow section, it encounters the second inlet 462 located on the flow channel plate 100. Here, a flow splitting action occurs: a portion of the refrigerant is divided into two streams, entering two parallel second branches 461, continuing to flow and exchange heat on one side of the first plane; the other portion of the refrigerant passes through the second inlet 462 and enters the third heat dissipation flow section 520 located on the other side of the flow channel plate 100, cooling the corresponding area of ​​the second plane. The third heat dissipation flow section 520 is physically located between the two second branches 461. After completing the heat exchange during the turning process, the three fluids re-converge at the second confluence port downstream of the transition flow section. This redistribution at the turning point can break the already formed flow deviation state.

[0058] By adopting the above scheme, the effective heat dissipation area of ​​the cold plate 1000 edge and turning area is increased by setting the second branch 461 and the third heat dissipation section 520 in the transition flow section, ensuring the continuity of the heat exchange performance of the cold plate 1000 throughout the entire area. The coordinated design of the second inlet 462 and the second confluence port allows the refrigerant to undergo a cycle of diversion, heat exchange and re-merging during the turning process, correcting the gas-liquid unevenness problem caused by long-stroke flow. Refrigerant remixing is achieved in the transition flow section, optimizing the refrigerant dryness distribution when entering the next heat dissipation section group 450, and preventing the gas-liquid ratio deviation from accumulating continuously downstream of the flow channel. The above structure is formed by the stamped ribs 150 and openings of the flow channel plate 100, without the need for additional system components, which meets the requirements of CTR architecture for component integration.

[0059] As the refrigerant continuously absorbs heat during the flow and heat exchange process, the proportion of gaseous substances in the flow channel increases with the increase of the flow path, further exacerbating the uneven distribution of the refrigerant and leading to an increase in local temperature differences. To improve this problem, refer to... Figure 6As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cold plate includes four sequentially connected heat dissipation flow section groups 450. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the heat dissipation flow section group 450, the first heat dissipation flow section group 450 includes N1 first heat dissipation flow sections 430, the second heat dissipation flow section group 450 includes N2 first heat dissipation flow sections 430, the third heat dissipation flow section group 450 includes N3 first heat dissipation flow sections 430, and the fourth heat dissipation flow section group 450 includes N4 first heat dissipation flow sections 430, satisfying: N1 < N2 ≤ N3 < N4.

[0060] For example, N1 is 3, N2 is 4, N3 is 4, and N4 is 5. That is, the first heat dissipation flow group 450 includes 2 bus nodes, the second heat dissipation flow group 450 includes 3 bus nodes, the third heat dissipation flow group 450 includes 3 bus nodes, and the fourth heat dissipation flow group 450 includes 4 bus nodes.

[0061] After entering through the inlet 220, the refrigerant flows sequentially through four heat dissipation flow section groups 450. In the first heat dissipation flow section group 430, the refrigerant is in a low dryness state, and the gas-liquid two-phase distribution is relatively stable, so a small number of confluence nodes are set. As the refrigerant flows to the subsequent heat dissipation flow section groups 450, the proportion of the gas phase increases, and the flow instability increases accordingly, making it very easy for uneven distribution to occur between the first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500 on both sides of the flow channel plate 100. To address this physical characteristic, this solution increases the number of first heat dissipation flow sections 430 in the subsequent heat dissipation flow section groups 450, i.e., increases the number of confluence nodes, satisfying N1 < N2 ≤ N3 < N4, thereby increasing the frequency of confluence and redistribution. Each first heat dissipation flow section 430 includes one process of flow splitting, heat exchange, and mixing.

[0062] By employing the above scheme, a denser first heat dissipation flow section 430 is set downstream of the flow channel, increasing the number of physical mixing times of the refrigerant before entering the next heat exchange cycle, thus forcibly resetting the distribution state of the gas-liquid two phases. This high-frequency redistribution mechanism can correct local flow deviations caused by phase changes, delaying the widening of the temperature difference between the first flow channel 400 and the second flow channel 500 at the flow channel ends. At the flow channel ends with higher refrigerant dryness, the more branching and converging design in group N4 ensures that the cold liquid refrigerant can be effectively guided to each heat dissipation surface, maintaining heat exchange efficiency. This gradient-increasing node arrangement makes the heat transfer coefficient distribution of the cold plate 1000 more balanced across the entire plane. Simulation results show that the temperature difference between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 remains within 0.5℃. Optimizing the cascade number of heat dissipation flow section groups 450 solves the distribution problem of long-stroke direct cooling systems under two-phase flow conditions, ensuring the safe operation of large-capacity cells under the CTR architecture.

[0063] Reference Figure 6As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections 430 are sequentially connected to form a first flow section group. The first flow section group is connected to one end of the inlet flow section 410 and one end of the return flow section 420. Another portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections 430 are sequentially connected to form a second flow section group. The second flow section group is connected to the other end of the inlet flow section 410 and the other end of the return flow section 420. The first flow section group and the second flow section group are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the flow channel plate 100. For example, the first flow section group includes four heat dissipation flow section groups, and the second flow section group also includes four heat dissipation flow section groups. The first flow section group and the second flow section group are arranged symmetrically along the width direction of the flow channel plate 100, which is... Figure 6 The left and right directions in the middle.

[0064] The internal space of energy storage containers is compact, typically with only one operating surface for installing battery packs, piping, and related components. If the cold plate 1000 adopts a multi-inlet / multi-outlet piping layout, it increases the complexity of system installation. This embodiment addresses this by providing a single liquid inlet 220 and a liquid return port 230 on the first cover plate 200, and integrating the inlet 220 and return port 230 into the same pressure plate connector 600, thus adapting to the integration requirements of energy storage systems.

[0065] Understandably, the heat exchange refrigerant is injected into the inlet section 410 through the liquid inlet 220. The inlet section 410 is located on one edge of the cold plate 1000 and extends along the width of the cold plate 1000. The refrigerant undergoes physical splitting within the inlet section 410, forming two fluids flowing in opposite directions. One fluid flows towards one end of the inlet section 410 and enters a set of first heat dissipation sections 430 connected thereto; the other fluid flows towards the other end of the inlet section 410 and enters another set of first heat dissipation sections 430 arranged in parallel. These two sets of first heat dissipation sections 430 are symmetrically distributed on the planar projection of the cold plate 1000. The first heat dissipation sections 430 within each set are connected in series and, in conjunction with the first inlet 130 and the first outlet 140 on the flow channel plate 100, achieve synchronous heat exchange between the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310. The two gas-liquid two-phase fluids that have completed heat exchange eventually flow into the two ends of the reflux section 420 and merge in the reflux section 420 area, and are discharged from the cold plate 1000 through the liquid return port 230.

[0066] By adopting the above scheme, the length of the single heat dissipation section group 450 is shortened by symmetrically arranging the first flow channel 400 in the width direction, thus reducing the total pressure loss of the refrigerant during the flow process. The two-end split design of the inlet section 410 allows the refrigerant to be evenly distributed to the left and right sides of the cold plate 1000, reducing the lateral temperature difference caused by liquid inlet on one side. This technical solution supports a single-inlet, single-outlet interface design, integrating all liquid pipe connections on one side of the cold plate 1000, adapting to the assembly environment of energy storage containers with one-way door opening, reducing installation difficulty and space occupation. Since the two sets of first heat dissipation sections 430 operate independently and have the same structure, their thermodynamic performance tends to be synchronized, improving the overall temperature uniformity of the cold plate 1000. The above scheme can achieve internal stratification and splitting without the need for an external splitting structure, reducing the number of system components and lowering the risk of failure.

[0067] In direct cooling systems, refrigerants such as R134a need to be maintained at a high operating pressure. When the refrigerant flows through the first heat dissipation section 430, the larger flow channel width increases the support span between the flow channel plate 100 and the cover plate. Since the cold plate 1000 is made of three layers of thin plates brazed together, the large span structure tends to expand under high pressure, which can easily affect the flatness of the first and second planes, thereby increasing the contact thermal resistance between the battery cell and the cold plate 1000.

[0068] To improve the stability of the cold-rolled steel plate 1000 structure, refer to Figure 8 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, adjacent first heat dissipation sections 430 within the heat dissipation section group 450 are connected by a confluence section 440, the maximum width of the confluence section 440 being less than the maximum width of the first heat dissipation section 430. The confluence section 440 refers to the connection channel between two adjacent first heat dissipation sections 430.

[0069] By designing the maximum width of the busbar section 440 to be smaller than the maximum width of the first heat dissipation section 430, the flow channel span can be reduced to improve the support strength of the busbar area, suppress the physical deformation of the flow channel plate 100 under high pressure, maintain the flat state of the cold plate 1000 on both sides, and ensure that the heat dissipation plane is closely attached to the large surface of the battery cell.

[0070] Furthermore, when the refrigerant enters the narrowing confluence section 440 from the first heat dissipation section 430, according to the principle of fluid dynamics continuity, the decrease in the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel causes a sudden increase in the refrigerant velocity, generating strong disturbance and mixing. This contraction process forcibly breaks the existing gas-liquid stratification state, causing the refrigerant to return to a uniform two-phase mixture before entering the next first heat dissipation section 430, preventing local dry burning in subsequent sections, thereby reducing the local temperature difference of the cold plate 1000.

[0071] In the design of large-scale thermal energy storage management systems, energy storage containers typically have a rectangular structure. Due to the limited arrangement of internal components, they often only provide one door opening direction for installing battery packs and maintenance piping. Existing double-sided cooling solutions, if employing a multi-inlet / multi-outlet interface design, such as distributing inlets and outlets diagonally, increase the complexity of piping layout. Connecting pipes deep within the container is difficult, and arranging hundreds of liquid pipes occupies a significant amount of usable space and increases the risk of leaks and material costs.

[0072] To improve the rationality of the cold plate 1000 structural layout and adapt it to energy storage systems with a single door opening direction, refer to... Figure 12 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the cold plate 1000 further includes a connector 600, which is provided with a return liquid channel 610 and a discharge liquid channel 620. The inlet 220 and the return liquid port 230 are located on the same side of the first cover plate 200, and the inlet 220 and the discharge liquid channel 620 are connected, and the return liquid port 230 and the return liquid channel 610 are connected.

[0073] Understandably, the connector 600 is installed on the side of the first cover plate 200 with the inlet 220 and the return port 230 by brazing or fasteners. The supply line of the external circulation system is connected to the outlet channel 620 of the connector 600, and the return line is connected to the return channel 610 of the connector 600. The refrigerant enters from the outlet channel 620, flows through the inlet 220 of the first cover plate 200 into the internal flow channel of the cold plate 1000 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the two-phase refrigerant is collected at the return port 230 of the first cover plate 200 through the internal flow channel design, and is discharged to the external system through the return channel 610 of the connector 600.

[0074] By adopting the above scheme, the dispersed inlet and outlet liquid flows are converged to one side of the first cover plate 200 through the internal flow channel design, making the inlet 220 and outlet 230 physically close. The connector 600 integrates the originally independent inlet and outlet interfaces into a single pressure plate connector 600, enabling the refrigerant to enter and exit uniformly from one side of the cold plate 1000. This structure allows a single cold plate 1000 to complete circulation with only two inlet and outlet pipes, reducing the required number of pipes, lowering material costs, and reducing system complexity. Since the interfaces are all located on the side facing the container door, installation and maintenance are completed externally, improving assembly efficiency and reducing maintenance difficulty. The integrated connector 600 design improves the structural strength of the interfaces, reducing the risk of interface deformation or leakage during high-pressure refrigerant circulation.

[0075] Reference Figure 1As shown, an energy storage battery 2000 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes at least two cell modules 2100 and at least one cold plate 1000 according to more than one embodiment. The cold plate 1000 is disposed between two cell modules 2100, with a first contact surface 210 abutting against one of the cell modules 2100 and a second contact surface 310 abutting against the other cell module 2100.

[0076] In traditional energy storage battery heat dissipation scenarios, the top of the prismatic battery has tabs and an explosion-proof valve, resulting in an uneven top structure that makes it impossible to install the cooling plate 1000. Therefore, a single-sided liquid cooling plate 1000 is usually installed only at the bottom of the battery. This single-sided heat dissipation method limits heat exchange efficiency, and since the cooling plate 1000 is part of the lower casing, additional structural components are needed below to reinforce its support, affecting space utilization and energy density. With the development of Cell to Rack (CTR) technology, the tabs and explosion-proof valves of large-capacity cells are now arranged on the sides, resulting in a symmetrical and flat top and bottom for the cell, providing a basis for double-sided heat dissipation.

[0077] The structural layout and working process of this embodiment are as follows: The energy storage battery 2000 adopts a sandwich structure module form, with the cold plate 1000 sandwiched between two sets of cell modules 2100. Specifically, the bottom of the first cell module 2100 is in direct contact with the first contact surface 210 of the cold plate 1000, and the top of the second cell module 2100 is in direct contact with the second contact surface 310 of the cold plate 1000. The cold plate 1000 is a three-layer plate structure formed by brazing, and has a first flow channel 400 and a second flow channel 500 that are interconnected inside. External refrigerant enters the interior of the cold plate 1000 through the connector 600, and absorbs heat from both the upper first cell module 2100 and the lower second cell module 2100 simultaneously using the latent heat of phase change. The refrigerant after heat exchange is collected through internal current collection and finally discharged uniformly from one side of the cold plate 1000.

[0078] By adopting the above solution, a single cold plate 1000 simultaneously dissipates heat from both the upper and lower cell modules 2100, reducing the space occupied by the cold plate 1000 assembly, effectively reducing the overall volume of the energy storage system, and increasing the volumetric energy density. Due to the reduced number of cold plates 1000 and the elimination of the need for separate support and heat dissipation structures for each layer of cells, the system's material and assembly costs are reduced. Based on the characteristics of the CTR architecture, the cold plate 1000 only undertakes heat dissipation and temperature control functions. Combined with the layered flow distribution design of the internal channels, the temperature difference between the upper and lower cell modules 2100 can be controlled within 0.5°C, ensuring the stability of the battery system during long-term operation. The stacked arrangement of the cell modules 2100 and the cold plate 1000, along with the single-sided liquid inlet / outlet design of the integrated connector 600, adapts to the installation environment of single-sided door opening in energy storage containers, simplifying the internal piping layout process. The CTR architecture utilizes other structural components for support, allowing the cold plate 1000 to bear the high-pressure refrigerant circulation without serving as a primary load-bearing component, thus reducing the risk of deformation or leakage of the cold plate 1000.

[0079] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, heat insulation pads 700 are provided at both ends of the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 along the front-back direction. The heat insulation pads 700 can insulate a portion of the heat. It should be noted that because the cells at both ends of the cell module 2100 along the front-back direction are usually equipped with baffles and have few structural obstructions around them, the heat dissipation effect of the cells at both ends is better than that of the cells in the middle. In order to ensure the uniformity of the temperature of each cell in the cell module 2100, heat insulation pads 700 are provided at both ends of the first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 along the front-back direction, so that the heat dissipation effect of the cells at both ends is similar to that of the cells in the middle, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of both.

[0080] Since the energy storage battery 2000 adopts all the technical solutions of the cold plate 1000 in the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0081] An embodiment of the energy storage system of the present invention includes the energy storage battery 2000 of the above embodiments. The energy storage system can be an energy storage container, an electric vehicle, etc. The energy storage system of this embodiment of the present invention uses the energy storage battery 2000 of the above embodiments. A first cover plate 200 and a second cover plate 300 are connected to both sides of a flow channel plate 100. A first flow channel 400 and a second flow channel 500 are formed between the flow channel plate 100, the first cover plate 200, and the second cover plate 300, respectively. The liquid inlet 220 and the liquid outlet 230 on the first cover plate 200 are respectively connected to the first flow channel 400, and the first flow channel 400 is connected to the second flow channel 500 through the first inlet 130. Therefore, the heat exchange liquid enters the first flow channel 400 from the liquid inlet 220 and enters the second flow channel 500 through the first inlet 130. The heat exchange liquid can finally be discharged through the liquid outlet 230, which is beneficial for the simultaneous cooling of the first cover plate 200 and the second cover plate 300. Since the first cover plate 200 and the second cover plate 300 are respectively provided with a first contact surface 210 and a second contact surface 310, the cold plate 1000 can be placed between the two sets of cell modules 2100. The first contact surface 210 and the second contact surface 310 respectively contact the corresponding cell module 2100, and at the same time dissipate heat from the two sets of cell modules 2100, thereby reducing the number of cold plates 1000 used, reducing costs and improving the space utilization rate inside the energy storage battery 2000.

[0082] Since the energy storage system adopts all the technical solutions of the energy storage battery 2000 in the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold-rolled steel plate, characterized in that, include: The flow channel plate has a first groove and a second groove formed on both sides along the thickness direction, respectively; A first cover plate is connected to one side of the flow channel plate along the thickness direction. A first flow channel is formed between the first cover plate and the first groove of the flow channel plate. The side of the first cover plate away from the flow channel plate has a first contact surface. The first cover plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and the outlet are respectively connected to the first flow channel. A second cover plate is connected to the other side of the flow channel plate along the thickness direction. A second flow channel is formed between the second cover plate and the second groove of the flow channel plate. The side of the second cover plate facing away from the flow channel plate has a second contact surface. The flow channel plate is provided with a first inlet that extends through both sides of the thickness direction, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the first inlet.

2. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel includes an inlet section, a return section, and a plurality of first heat dissipation sections. At least some of the first heat dissipation sections are connected in sequence. The inlet section is connected to the first of the plurality of first heat dissipation sections connected in sequence, and the inlet section is connected to the liquid inlet. The return section is connected to the last of the plurality of first heat dissipation sections connected in sequence, and the return section is connected to the liquid return outlet.

3. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the first heat dissipation flow sections is provided with a first inlet.

4. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow channel plate is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet penetrating both sides of the flow channel plate in each of the first heat dissipation flow sections. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the first heat dissipation flow section, the first inlet is located upstream of the first heat dissipation flow section, and the first outlet is located downstream of the first heat dissipation flow section. The second flow channel is connected to the first flow channel through the first outlet.

5. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first heat dissipation flow section includes two parallel first branches connected end to end. The second flow channel includes multiple second heat dissipation flow sections. Each of the two first branches of the first heat dissipation flow section is provided with a second heat dissipation flow section. The two ends of the second heat dissipation flow section are respectively connected to the first inlet and the first outlet.

6. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow channel plate is recessed in the direction away from the first cover plate to form the first groove. At each of the first heat dissipation sections, the flow channel plate protrudes in the direction towards the second cover plate to form two parallel ribs. The second groove is formed between two adjacent ribs.

7. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: Multiple sequentially connected first heat dissipation flow sections constitute a heat dissipation flow section group. The heat dissipation flow section group extends along a first direction and has multiple heat dissipation flow section groups that are sequentially connected through reversing flow sections. The multiple heat dissipation flow section groups are arranged at intervals along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reversing flow section includes two parallel second branches connected end to end. The second flow channel also includes a third heat dissipation flow section. The flow channel plate is also provided with a second inlet and a second outlet. The third heat dissipation flow section is located between the two second branches. The two ends of the third heat dissipation flow section are connected to the reversing flow section through the second inlet and the second outlet, respectively. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the reversing flow section, the second inlet is located upstream of the reversing flow section, and the second outlet is located downstream of the reversing flow section.

9. The cold plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cold plate includes four sequentially connected heat dissipation flow section groups. Along the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid in the heat dissipation flow section group, the first heat dissipation flow section group includes N1 first heat dissipation flow sections, the second heat dissipation flow section group includes N2 first heat dissipation flow sections, the third heat dissipation flow section group includes N3 first heat dissipation flow sections, and the fourth heat dissipation flow section group includes N4 first heat dissipation flow sections, satisfying: N1<N2≤N3<N4.

10. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjacent first heat dissipation flow sections within the heat dissipation flow section group are connected by a confluence section, and the maximum width of the confluence section is less than the maximum width of the first heat dissipation flow section.

11. The cold plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: A portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections are sequentially connected to form a first flow section group, which is connected to one end of the inlet flow section and one end of the return flow section. Another portion of the first heat dissipation flow sections are sequentially connected to form a second flow section group, which is connected to the other end of the inlet flow section and the other end of the return flow section. The first flow section group and the second flow section group are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the flow channel plate.

12. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold plate also includes a connector, which is provided with a return liquid channel and a discharge liquid channel. The inlet and the return liquid port are located on the same side of the first cover plate, and the inlet and the discharge liquid channel are connected, as are the return liquid port and the return liquid channel.

13. An energy storage battery, characterized in that: It includes at least two battery cell modules and a cold plate according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the cold plate being disposed between the two battery cell modules, the first contact surface abutting against one of the battery cell modules, and the second contact surface abutting against the other battery cell module.

14. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the energy storage battery as described in claim 13.

Images