Circuit protection system, method and electronic circuit breaker

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a circuit protection system and method and an electronic circuit breaker, and belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment. The system comprises a protection device, and the protection device comprises a sampling module which is electrically connected with a control module; the current conversion module is electrically connected with the control module; the control module also determines the current working mode of the protection circuit system based on the first state information acquired by the sampling module and / or the second state information acquired by the current conversion module, and outputs a corresponding control instruction; the switch module is electrically connected with the control module and the power supply module and used for controlling on-off of a power supply loop of the power supply module according to the control instruction so as to enable the protection circuit system to enter a corresponding working mode, and the working mode comprises at least one of a delay mode, a starting mode, a normal mode and a fault waiting mode. According to the invention, through a multi-dimensional state judgment mechanism, the recognition precision and response speed of the system to the abnormal working condition are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and in particular to a protection circuit system, method and electronic circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electronic systems, circuit protection technology is a crucial means of ensuring the safe operation of the system. However, traditional electronic or mechanical circuit breakers typically only support two basic protection functions: overload and short circuit. They lack the ability to actively detect critical fault types such as overvoltage, undervoltage, and overtemperature. Furthermore, their responses to overcurrent and short circuits rely on a single judgment logic, resulting in slow response speed and low judgment accuracy. This can easily lead to safety hazards such as overcurrent burnout and equipment damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a protection circuit system, method, and electronic circuit breaker.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a protection circuit system, the protection circuit system including a protection device, the protection device including a control module, a switching module, a current conversion module, a sampling module and a power supply module;

[0005] The sampling module is electrically connected to the control module and is used to acquire first sampling information and send the first sampling information to the control module.

[0006] The control module is used to determine a first comparison result based on the first sampling information and a first preset parameter threshold, and to generate first state information based on the first comparison result.

[0007] The current conversion module is electrically connected to the control module and is used to convert the acquired detection current value into a detection voltage value, determine a second comparison result by comparing the detection voltage value with a preset reference voltage value, and generate second state information based on the second comparison result.

[0008] The control module is further configured to determine the current operating mode of the protection circuit system based on the first status information and / or the second status information, and output corresponding control commands;

[0009] The switch module is electrically connected to the control module and the power supply module respectively, and is used to control the on / off of the power supply circuit of the power supply module according to the control command, so that the protection circuit system enters the corresponding working mode. The working mode includes at least one of the following: delay mode, start mode, normal mode, and fault waiting mode.

[0010] In one embodiment, the system further includes: a reset device; the reset device being electrically connected to the protection device, and being configured to respond to a reset operation when the protection circuit system is in the fault waiting mode; the protection device is further configured to control the protection circuit system to exit the fault waiting mode and enter the startup mode.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power supply module includes: a first switching unit and a current-sensing resistor; the first switching unit is electrically connected to both the current-sensing unit and the switching module; the current-sensing unit is also electrically connected to the switching module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first switching unit includes a first switching MOSFET and a second switching MOSFET; the current sensing unit includes a current sensing resistor; the first terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the switching module and the first terminal of the second switching MOSFET respectively; the second terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switching MOSFET; the third terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the third terminal of the second switching MOSFET and the first terminal of the current sensing resistor respectively; the second terminal of the current sensing resistor is electrically connected to the switching module.

[0013] In one embodiment, the switching module includes an on unit, an off unit, a first filtering unit, and a steady-state unit; the first filtering unit is electrically connected to the off unit, the steady-state unit, and the power supply module respectively; the on unit is electrically connected to the first filtering unit, the steady-state unit, and the off unit respectively; and the off unit is also electrically connected to the power supply module.

[0014] In one embodiment, the turn-on unit includes a first diode, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, and a first protection transistor; the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first protection resistor; the second terminal of the first protection resistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second protection resistor; the second terminal of the second protection resistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first protection transistor; the third terminal of the first protection transistor is electrically connected to both the steady-state unit and the turn-off unit; and the second terminal of the first protection transistor is grounded.

[0015] In one embodiment, the current conversion module includes a conversion unit, a data acquisition unit, a second switching unit, and a second filtering unit; the conversion unit is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit, the second switching unit, and the control module; the second filtering unit is electrically connected to the second switching unit and the data acquisition unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the protection device further includes an early warning module; the early warning module is electrically connected to the control module; the early warning module includes a third switching unit, a voltage stabilizing unit, a protection unit, and an early warning unit; the early warning unit is electrically connected to the third switching unit, the protection unit, and the voltage stabilizing unit, respectively.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic circuit breaker, which includes the protection circuit system provided in the first aspect.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a protection circuit method, which is applied to the protection circuit system. The protection circuit system includes a protection device, which includes a control module, a switching module, a current conversion module, a sampling module, and a power supply module.

[0019] The method includes:

[0020] The sampling module acquires first sampling information and sends the first sampling information to the control module.

[0021] The control module determines a first comparison result based on the first sampling information and a first preset parameter threshold, and generates first state information based on the first comparison result.

[0022] The current conversion module converts the acquired detection current value into a detection voltage value, compares the detection voltage value with a preset reference voltage value to determine a second comparison result, and generates second state information based on the second comparison result.

[0023] The control module determines the current operating mode of the protection circuit system based on the first status information and / or the second status information, and outputs corresponding control commands.

[0024] The switching module controls the power supply circuit of the power supply module to switch on and off according to the control command, so that the protection circuit system enters the corresponding working mode. The working mode includes at least one of the following: delay mode, start mode, normal mode, and fault waiting mode.

[0025] The protection circuit system, method, and electronic circuit breaker provided in this application improve the accuracy and response speed of abnormal operating conditions through a multi-dimensional state judgment mechanism, effectively prevent overcurrent, short circuit and other faults from damaging the load, and improve the overall safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. In the various drawings, similar components are numbered similarly.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit protection system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 This paper shows another schematic diagram of the circuit protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 This illustration shows a structural connection diagram of the power supply module and the switch module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of the power supply module and switch module provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a current conversion module provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0032] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of the early warning module provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of a circuit protection method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] The symbols in the attached image are explained as follows:

[0035] 10-Protection circuit system, 11-Protection device, 12-Reset device, 111-Control module, 112-Switch module, 113-Current conversion module, 114-Sampling module, 115-Power supply module, 116-Early warning module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0037] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0041] Currently, electronic circuit breakers are used to quickly disconnect the output in the event of a fault in a module or unit of a circuit, thereby protecting the normal operation of other units or modules in the entire circuit. The core of this protection function lies in its built-in protection circuit system. In related technologies, the protection circuit system usually adopts a single judgment method, which often cannot respond to faults in the power supply circuit, resulting in delayed circuit fault detection and even potential safety hazards such as overcurrent burnout.

[0042] Therefore, this application proposes a protection circuit system that integrates multiple detection functions, significantly improves fault detection speed, and can set differentiated current limits according to the power consumption characteristics of different load devices; it has the ability to identify abnormal power consumption and can automatically cut off the power supply to high-risk devices to prevent the potential for problems from escalating.

[0043] Understandably, the protection circuit system will be described below with reference to some specific embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1A schematic diagram of a protection circuit system 10 is shown, which includes a protection device 11. The protection device 11 includes a control module 111, a switch module 112, a current conversion module 113, a sampling module 114, and a power supply module 115; the control module 111 is electrically connected to the current conversion module 113, the switch module 112, and the sampling module 114 respectively; the switch module 112 is electrically connected to the power supply module 115.

[0045] It should be noted that the first sampling information is acquired through the sampling module 114 and sent to the control module 111. Here, the sampling module 114 is used to collect parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in the circuit in real time, and send these parameters as the first sampling information to the control module 111. The control module 111 can be a built-in 12-bit SAR ADC (Successive Approximation Register Analog-to-Digital Converter) engine. The control module 111 can also be other high-precision control chips with analog-to-digital switching capabilities, which are not limited in this application.

[0046] For example, the sampling module 114 may include functional units such as input voltage sampling, output voltage sampling, temperature sampling, and current sampling. It uses a high-precision, low-temperature drift alloy resistor to detect the current, and works in conjunction with the control module 111 to achieve a sampling rate of millions of times per second, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of the collected data. The sampling module 114 enables the circuit protection system to promptly detect changes in the circuit state, providing a basis for the subsequent first comparison result.

[0047] To further explain, the control module 111 receives first sampling information from the sampling module 114 and compares the first sampling information with a first preset parameter threshold to generate a first comparison result. Here, the first preset parameter threshold refers to a set of reference values ​​set according to a specific application scenario, such as an upper limit for input voltage, a lower limit for output current, etc. Here, the first status information is either first fault information or first normal information. For example, when the actual measured value exceeds the first preset parameter threshold, an abnormality is determined in the circuit, and the corresponding first status information, i.e., the first fault information, is generated.

[0048] In this embodiment, the current conversion module 113 converts the detected current value into a detected voltage value and compares the detected voltage value with a preset reference voltage value to generate a second comparison result and second status information. Here, the second status information is either second normal information or second fault information.

[0049] For example, the current conversion module 113 can amplify the small voltage signal across the current sensing resistor R1 by 50 times using a high-precision amplifier, resulting in a voltage output of approximately 1V. This voltage output is then compared to an internal reference voltage. If the output voltage is higher than the reference voltage, it indicates that the detected current value has exceeded the safe range, generating a second status message, i.e., a second fault message. This operating method effectively avoids interference problems caused by directly processing large current signals, improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0050] In this embodiment, the control module 111 comprehensively determines the current operating mode of the protection circuit system 10 based on the first and second state information, and generates corresponding control commands. For example, if the sampling module 114 detects that the output current is too high, and the current conversion module 113 also detects that the detected current value exceeds the standard, the control module 111 determines that the protection circuit system 10 is in a fault state, and generates control commands accordingly to control the system into a fault waiting mode. The operations performed by the control module 111 may include turning on and off the power supply circuit, and issuing alarm signals, etc.

[0051] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the protection circuit system 10 also includes a reset device 12, which is electrically connected to the protection device 11.

[0052] It should be understood that the reset device 12 is used to control the protection circuit system 10 to exit the fault waiting mode and enter the start mode in response to the reset operation via the control module 111 when the protection circuit system 10 is in the fault waiting mode.

[0053] Here, the reset device 12 refers to a control unit that can restore the protection circuit system 10 to its initial operating state through an external trigger signal or manual user intervention. The main function of the reset device 12 is to provide a safety mechanism after the system detects an anomaly and enters a fault-waiting mode, allowing the user to reactivate the system after troubleshooting. The reset device 12 typically includes hardware buttons, a remote control input interface, and a logic judgment module. Upon receiving a reset signal, the reset device 12 can clear the fault flags in the system and switch the system's operating mode from fault-waiting mode back to startup mode.

[0054] It should be noted that there is a clear electrical connection between the reset device 12 and the protection device 11. When the protection device 11 detects faults such as overcurrent, short circuit, or undervoltage and enters fault waiting mode, the protection circuit system 10 will stop outputting power and lock the current state to prevent further damage. At this time, the reset device 12 acts as the restart entry point for the protection circuit system 10, receiving reset commands input by the user, such as when the user presses a physical button or sends a remote reset signal. Subsequently, the reset device 12 sends a reset command to the protection device 11, and the protection device 11 performs the operation of clearing the fault record and reinitializing the relevant parameters.

[0055] In practical applications, the design of the reset device 12 must consider both safety and reliability. For example, in industrial automation scenarios, if the system automatically shuts down due to a load short circuit, the reset device 12 will not immediately restore power. Instead, it will first perform a self-test. After confirming that the system has returned to normal, the reset device 12 will then execute the reset operation. This design of the reset device 12 can effectively prevent secondary faults caused by misoperation and improve the overall safety and stability of the protection circuit system 10.

[0056] In this embodiment, by providing a reset device 12, a controllable method is provided for the user to manually restore system operation after the protection circuit system 10 malfunctions and enters a waiting mode. Because of the reset device 12, it is ensured that the protection circuit system 10 quickly restores power after the fault is cleared. Since the protection circuit system 10 can quickly restore power, production losses caused by prolonged downtime can be avoided, thereby improving system availability and user satisfaction.

[0057] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power supply module 115 includes: a first switching unit 1151 and a current detection unit 1152; the first switching unit 1151 is electrically connected to the current detection unit 1152 and the switching module 112 respectively; the current detection unit 1152 is also electrically connected to the switching module 112.

[0058] Here, the first switching unit 1151 refers to an electronic switching device used to control the on / off state of the main power supply circuit, which has the ability to quickly turn on and off. As the core control device of the power supply path, the first switching unit 1151 can respond to the instructions from the control module 111, maintain the on state during normal operation, and quickly cut off the power supply circuit when an abnormal current or short circuit is detected, thereby preventing the fault from spreading to the entire system.

[0059] The current sensing unit 1152 is a high-precision resistor used to measure the current in a circuit. The current flowing through the circuit is calculated by measuring the voltage drop across the current sensing unit 1152. The current sensing unit 1152 features low temperature drift and high stability, ensuring accurate current detection results under different environmental conditions.

[0060] It should be noted that the current detection unit 1152 is used to monitor the current change in the circuit in real time. Once an abnormal current signal is detected, the control module 111 will immediately send a command to the first switching unit 1151 to cut off the power supply circuit, thereby realizing the fast-response overcurrent or short-circuit protection function.

[0061] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the switching module 112 includes an on-state unit 1124, an off-state unit 1121, a first filtering unit 1123, and a steady-state unit 1122; the first filtering unit 1123 is electrically connected to the off-state unit 1121, the steady-state unit 1122, the first switching unit 1151, and the current detection unit 1152, respectively; the on-state unit 1124 is electrically connected to the steady-state unit 1122; and the off-state unit 1121 is also electrically connected to the first switching unit 1151.

[0062] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first switching unit 1151 includes a first switching MOSFET Q1 and a second switching MOSFET Q2; the current sensing unit 1152 includes a current sensing resistor R1; the first terminal of the first switching MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switching module 112 and the first terminal of the second switching MOSFET Q2; the second terminal of the first switching MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switching MOSFET Q2; the third terminal of the first switching MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the second switching MOSFET Q2 and the first terminal of the current sensing resistor R1; the second terminal of the current sensing resistor R1 is electrically connected to the switching module 112.

[0063] The activation unit 1124 includes a first diode D1, a first protection resistor R9, a second protection resistor R10, and a first protection transistor Q6. The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first protection resistor R9, and the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the activation signal terminal. The second terminal of the first protection resistor R9 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor R10. The second terminal of the second protection resistor R10 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first protection transistor Q6. The third terminal of the first protection transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the steady-state unit 1122 and the shutdown unit 1121, respectively. The second terminal of the first protection transistor D1 is grounded.

[0064] The shutdown unit 1121 includes a second diode D2, a third protection resistor R11, a second protection transistor Q5, a third switching MOSFET Q3, a fourth switching MOSFET Q4, a fourth protection resistor R8, a fifth protection resistor R7, a first voltage divider resistor R3, a second voltage divider resistor R4, and a third voltage divider resistor R5. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the fault signal terminal, the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third protection resistor R11, the second terminal of the third protection resistor R11 is electrically connected to the base of the second protection transistor Q5, the emitter of the second protection transistor Q5 is grounded, and the collector of the second protection transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth protection resistor R8. The fourth protection resistor R7... The second terminal of resistor 8 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth protection resistor R7 and the gate of the third switching MOSFET Q3, respectively. The source of the third switching MOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the drain of the fourth switching MOSFET Q4, the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor R4, and the source of the second switching MOSFET Q2, respectively. The drain of the third switching MOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor R5. The second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor R5 is electrically connected to the gate of the first open-circuit MOSFET Q1, the gate of the second switching MOSFET Q2, the second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor R4, and the second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor R3, respectively. The first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor R3 is electrically connected to the gate and source of the second switching MOSFET Q2, respectively. The source of the second switching MOSFET Q2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fifth protection resistor R7.

[0065] The first filtering unit 1123 includes a first filtering capacitor C1 and a second filtering capacitor C2. The steady-state unit 1122 includes a first steady-state resistor R2, a second steady-state resistor R6, and a steady-state capacitor C3; the first terminal of the first filtering capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the first port, the first terminal of the current sensing resistor R1, and the first terminal of the first steady-state resistor R2; the second terminal of the first filtering capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the third port, the second terminal of the second steady-state resistor R6, and the second terminal of the steady-state capacitor C3; the second terminal of the first steady-state resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second steady-state resistor R6, the first terminal of the steady-state capacitor C3, and the gate of the fourth switching MOSFET Q4; the first terminal of the second filtering capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the drain of the first switching MOSFET Q1, the second port, and the drain of the second switching MOSFET Q2; the second terminal of the second filtering capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the fourth port and the second terminal of the second steady-state resistor R6.

[0066] It should be noted that both the first switching MOSFET Q1 and the second switching MOSFET Q2 are P-channel semiconductor field-effect transistors used to control the on and off states of the main power supply circuit. The first switching MOSFET Q1 and the second switching MOSFET Q2 feature low on-resistance and fast response, making them suitable for high-precision, high-speed electronic circuit breaker systems.

[0067] The current-sensing resistor R1 is a high-precision, low-temperature-drift alloy resistor used to detect the current value in a circuit. When current flows through the current-sensing resistor R1, a voltage drop is generated across it. By measuring this voltage drop, the actual current can be calculated using a computing device. For example, with an 8A load current, a current-sensing resistor with a resistance of 0.0025 ohms will produce a voltage drop of approximately 20mV, providing a sufficiently accurate current feedback signal.

[0068] In some embodiments, the current conversion module 113 includes a conversion unit 1131, a data acquisition unit 1132, a second switching unit 1133, and a second filtering unit 1134; the conversion unit 1131 is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 1132, the second switching unit 1133, and the control module 111, respectively; the second filtering unit 1134 is electrically connected to the second switching unit 1133 and the data acquisition unit 1132, respectively.

[0069] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the conversion unit 1131 includes a current detection amplifier U2 and a comparator subunit; the acquisition unit 1132 includes a first acquisition resistor R15, a second acquisition resistor R16, a third acquisition resistor R17 and an acquisition capacitor C4; the second switching unit 1133 includes a fifth switching MOSFET Q8, a sixth switching MOSFET Q9 and a turn-off subunit; and the second filtering unit 1134 includes a third filtering capacitor C5 and a fourth filtering capacitor C6.

[0070] The first terminal of the first acquisition resistor R15 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second acquisition resistor R16. The second terminal of the first acquisition resistor R15 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third acquisition resistor R17 and the third terminal of the sixth switching MOSFET Q9, respectively. The first pin of the current detection amplifier U2 is connected to a 3.3V power supply. The second and third pins of the current detection amplifier U2 are electrically connected to the comparator subunit. The fourth pin of the current detection amplifier U2 is grounded. The fifth pin of the current detection amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the control module 111. The sixth pin of the current detection amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the shutdown subunit. The seventh pin of the current detection amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third acquisition resistor R17 and the second terminal of the acquisition capacitor C4, respectively. The eighth pin of the current sensing amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second acquisition resistor R16 and the first terminal of the acquisition capacitor C4, respectively; the first terminal of the third filter capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the seventh port and the first terminal of the first acquisition resistor R15, respectively; the second terminal of the third filter capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor C6 and the ninth port, respectively; the first terminal of the fourth filter capacitor C6 is electrically connected to the eighth port, the second terminal of the fifth switching MOSFET Q8, and the second terminal of the sixth switching MOSFET Q9, respectively; the second terminal of the fourth filter capacitor C6 is also electrically connected to the tenth port; the first terminal of the fifth switching MOSFET Q8 is electrically connected to the turn-off sub-unit, and the first terminal of the sixth switching MOSFET Q9 is electrically connected to the turn-off sub-unit.

[0071] It should be noted that the current and voltage across the first acquisition resistor R15 are amplified by a factor of 50 through the current-sensing amplifier U2. When the current across the first acquisition resistor R15 is 8A, the resistance is 0.0025m ohms, and the amplified voltage is approximately 1V. This converted 1V voltage is then compared with the internal reference voltage of 0.6V of the current-sensing amplifier U2 after being transformed by the comparator subunit. When the converted voltage is higher than 0.6V, the current-sensing amplifier U2 quickly outputs a low level. This low level is then rapidly (typically within 1µs) through the turn-off subunit, shutting down and locking the circuit to protect the system via the fifth and sixth MOSFETs Q8 and Q9. When all environmental variables are detected as normal, the control module 111 sends a reset signal to reset the current-sensing amplifier U2, and then turns the fifth and sixth MOSFETs Q8 and Q9 back on, allowing the system to operate normally.

[0072] It should be understood that the comparator subunit is used to convert the analog voltage signal amplified by the current sense amplifier U2 into a form that can be compared with the internal reference, and to perform threshold judgment. The shutdown subunit is used to receive the low-level signal output by the comparator, and quickly pull down the gate voltage of the MOSFET through the drive circuit, so that the fifth switch MOSFET Q8 and the sixth switch MOSFET Q9 are immediately turned off, cutting off the power supply to the load.

[0073] In this embodiment, the comparison subunit includes a comparator, which can be an LMH7322 or an ADCMP600. The shutdown subunit includes a latch, which can be an SR latch or a D-type flip-flop for latching. The specific design can be made according to the requirements, and this application does not limit it.

[0074] In some embodiments, the protection device 11 further includes an early warning module 116; the early warning module 116 is electrically connected to the control module 111; the early warning module 116 includes a third switching unit 1161, a voltage stabilizing unit 1162, a protection unit 1163, and an early warning unit 1164; the early warning unit 1164 is electrically connected to the third switching unit 1161, the protection unit 1163, and the voltage stabilizing unit 1162, respectively.

[0075] In the above embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the third switching unit 1161 includes a first bias resistor R13, a second bias resistor R14, and a seventh switching MOSFET Q7; the voltage regulation unit 1162 includes a voltage regulation resistor R12; the protection unit 1163 includes a third diode D3; and the warning unit 1164 includes a solid-state optocoupler relay U1. The first end of the voltage regulation resistor R12 is connected to the power supply; the second end of the voltage regulation resistor R12 is electrically connected to the first pin of the solid-state optocoupler relay U1; the second pin of the solid-state optocoupler relay U1 is electrically connected to the third end of the seventh switching MOSFET Q7; the third pin of the solid-state optocoupler relay U1 is electrically connected to the second end and the sixth port of the third diode D3; and the fourth pin of the solid-state optocoupler relay U1 is electrically connected to the first end and the fifth port of the third diode D3. The first end of the seventh switching MOSFET Q7 is electrically connected to the first end of the first bias resistor R13 and the first end of the second bias resistor R14; and the second end of the seventh switching MOSFET Q7 is connected to the second end of the second bias resistor R14 and ground. The first bias resistor R13 is also connected to the control module 111.

[0076] It should be noted that the load characteristics of the solid-state optocoupler relay U1 are 60V and 0.8A. When the control module 111 outputs a high level (i.e., when a fault occurs), the solid-state optocoupler relay U1 will emit a light to issue a warning.

[0077] The protection circuit system provided in this application embodiment achieves rapid detection and accurate handling of circuit anomalies by setting up a multi-module collaborative working mechanism and combining an intelligent switching mechanism for multiple working modes. Compared with the prior art, the protection circuit system provided in this application embodiment not only has higher response speed and accuracy, but also has advantages such as high intelligence, compact structure, and low cost.

[0078] This embodiment provides an electronic circuit breaker, including the protection circuit system provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0079] The electronic circuit breaker provided in this embodiment can achieve the protection functions that the protection circuit system provided in the above embodiments can achieve. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0080] This embodiment provides a method for protecting circuits, such as... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a circuit protection method applied to the protection circuit system of the above embodiments. The method includes:

[0081] S101, the first sampling information is obtained through the sampling module and sent to the control module.

[0082] S102, the control module determines the first comparison result based on the first sampling information and the first preset parameter threshold, and generates the first state information based on the first comparison result.

[0083] S103, the acquired detection current value is converted into a detection voltage value through the current conversion module, and the detection voltage value is compared with the preset reference voltage value to determine the second comparison result, and the second state information is generated based on the second comparison result.

[0084] S104, the control module determines the current operating mode of the protection circuit system based on the first state information and / or the second state information, and outputs the corresponding control command.

[0085] S105 controls the on / off of the power supply circuit of the power supply module according to the control command through the switch module, so that the protection circuit system enters the corresponding working mode. The working mode includes at least one of the following: delay mode, start mode, normal mode, and fault waiting mode.

[0086] It should be noted that by constructing four working modes (delay mode, fault waiting mode, startup mode and normal mode), the startup process is executed differently according to the power-on scenario (first power-on or button restart): upon first power-on, the system first enters the delay mode with a preset time for status pre-check, and enters the startup mode after no abnormality is found; when the button restarts, the fault flag is cleared directly and the system enters the startup mode.

[0087] The startup process (e.g., 0-2ms) is divided into three stages for timing control: the first sub-stage (e.g., 0-200μs) is the data acquisition and preprocessing stage, which collects four types of parameters in real time: input voltage, output current, output voltage, and ambient temperature. The voltage-current correlation model is established and calculated through the algorithm to complete the data preprocessing. At 200μs, the fault position reset operation is performed and the electronic switch is turned on.

[0088] The second sub-stage (200-400μs) is the initial judgment stage for short circuit or overcurrent: The voltage-current relationship and output voltage value are continuously monitored. If any of the following conditions are met, an output overcurrent or short circuit is determined: 1) The voltage-current relationship value is higher than the fault setting threshold; 2) The output voltage value at 400μs is lower than 15% of the input voltage. If a fault is determined to have occurred, the control system enters fault waiting mode.

[0089] The third sub-stage (400μs-2ms) is the secondary judgment stage for short circuit or overcurrent: If there is no fault in the previous sub-stage, the system continues to monitor parameters. If any of the following conditions are met, it is judged as output overcurrent or short circuit: 1) The voltage-current relationship value is higher than the fault setting threshold; 2) The output voltage value is lower than 70% of the input voltage. If a fault is judged to have occurred, the control system enters the fault waiting mode; if there is no fault throughout the process, the control system enters the normal mode.

[0090] When the circuit protection system is in normal mode, it continuously performs real-time sampling and data recording of multiple parameters through the sampling module; the intelligent pre-judgment algorithm fits the short-term operating curve of the system based on the sampled data, analyzes the system status trend, predicts potential fault risks in advance and implements intervention to ensure stable system operation.

[0091] When a fault is detected at any stage, the circuit protection system immediately enters the fault waiting mode and performs electronic switch shutdown, fault alarm, and data storage operations. At this time, the circuit protection system is in a fault waiting state. After the fault is cleared, it can be restarted by pressing a button to re-enter the startup process.

[0092] It should be noted that the above values ​​can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on them.

[0093] In this embodiment, by setting multiple operating modes and their switching logic, the protection circuit system achieves intelligent response and adaptive adjustment under different states. By setting multiple operating modes and their switching logic, the protection circuit system can be ensured to operate stably under complex operating conditions, thereby enabling timely identification of abnormal situations and taking measures, thus improving the reliability and safety of the entire system.

[0094] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0095] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0096] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a smartphone, personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0097] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A protection circuit system, characterized in that, The protection circuit system includes a protection device, which includes a control module, a switching module, a current conversion module, a sampling module, and a power supply module. The sampling module is electrically connected to the control module and is used to acquire first sampling information and send the first sampling information to the control module. The control module is used to determine a first comparison result based on the first sampling information and a first preset parameter threshold, and to generate first state information based on the first comparison result. The current conversion module is electrically connected to the control module and is used to convert the acquired detection current value into a detection voltage value, determine a second comparison result by comparing the detection voltage value with a preset reference voltage value, and generate second state information based on the second comparison result. The control module is further configured to determine the current operating mode of the protection circuit system based on the first status information and / or the second status information, and output corresponding control commands; The switch module is electrically connected to the control module and the power supply module respectively, and is used to control the on / off of the power supply circuit of the power supply module according to the control command, so that the protection circuit system enters the corresponding working mode. The working mode includes at least one of the following: delay mode, start mode, normal mode, and fault waiting mode.

2. The protection circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: a reset device; The reset device is electrically connected to the protection device and is used to respond to a reset operation when the protection circuit system is in the fault waiting mode. The protection device is also used to control the protection circuit system to exit the fault waiting mode and enter the startup mode.

3. The protection circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes: a first switching unit and a current sensing resistor; The first switching unit is electrically connected to both the current detection unit and the switching module. The current detection unit is also electrically connected to the switching module.

4. The protection circuit system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes a first switching MOSFET and a second switching MOSFET; the current sensing unit includes a current sensing resistor; The first terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switching module and the first terminal of the second switching MOSFET, respectively. The second terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switching MOSFET. The third terminal of the first switching MOSFET is electrically connected to the third terminal of the second switching MOSFET and the first terminal of the current sensing resistor, respectively. The second end of the current sensing resistor is electrically connected to the switching module.

5. The protection circuit system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The switching module includes an on unit, an off unit, a first filtering unit, and a steady-state unit; The first filtering unit is electrically connected to the shutdown unit, the steady-state unit, and the power supply module, respectively. The turn-on unit is electrically connected to the first filter unit, the steady-state unit, and the turn-off unit, respectively. The shutdown unit is also electrically connected to the power supply module.

6. The protection circuit system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The activation unit includes a first diode, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, and a first protection transistor; The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first protective resistor; The second end of the first protective resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second protective resistor; The second terminal of the second protection resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first protection transistor; The third terminal of the first protection transistor is electrically connected to the steady-state unit and the shutdown unit, respectively; The second terminal of the first protective transistor is grounded.

7. The protection circuit system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The current conversion module includes a conversion unit, a data acquisition unit, a second switching unit, and a second filtering unit; The conversion unit is electrically connected to the acquisition unit, the second switching unit, and the control module, respectively. The second filtering unit is electrically connected to the second switching unit and the acquisition unit, respectively.

8. The protection circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection device also includes an early warning module; The early warning module is electrically connected to the control module; The early warning module includes a third switching unit, a voltage stabilizing unit, a protection unit, and an early warning unit; The early warning unit is electrically connected to the third switch unit, the protection unit, and the voltage stabilizing unit, respectively.

9. An electronic circuit breaker, characterized in that, Includes the protection circuit system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A method for protecting a circuit, characterized in that, The protection circuit system is applied to the protection circuit system, which includes a protection device, and the protection device includes a control module, a switching module, a current conversion module, a sampling module, and a power supply module. The method includes: The sampling module acquires first sampling information and sends the first sampling information to the control module. The control module determines a first comparison result based on the first sampling information and a first preset parameter threshold, and generates first state information based on the first comparison result. The current conversion module converts the acquired detection current value into a detection voltage value, compares the detection voltage value with a preset reference voltage value to determine a second comparison result, and generates second state information based on the second comparison result. The control module determines the current operating mode of the protection circuit system based on the first status information and / or the second status information, and outputs corresponding control commands. The switching module controls the power supply circuit of the power supply module to switch on and off according to the control command, so that the protection circuit system enters the corresponding working mode. The working mode includes at least one of the following: delay mode, start mode, normal mode, and fault waiting mode.

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