Control method and device of energy storage module, energy storage module and storage medium
By cyclically charging and discharging between energy storage modules and utilizing a built-in bidirectional converter to achieve energy conversion, the problems of energy waste and grid stability in existing technologies are solved, and efficient energy storage module management and grid stability assurance are achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
The charging and discharging methods of existing energy storage modules lead to energy waste and have a significant impact on grid stability, especially in new energy grids where grid voltage deviation and frequency fluctuations are severe, and additional load devices are required, increasing equipment deployment costs.
By cyclically charging and discharging among multiple energy storage modules, energy conversion is achieved using the bidirectional converter built into the energy storage modules, avoiding dependence on external loads and the power grid, and energy sharing and scheduling are carried out by using a common bus connection method.
Reduce energy waste, simplify structural design, avoid adding extra hardware, reduce the impact on grid stability, and improve the cycle life of energy storage modules and grid operation stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121840730A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to a control method, device, energy storage module, and storage medium for an energy storage module. Background Technology
[0002] Energy storage modules enable flexible storage and on-demand release of electrical energy, making them suitable for various energy management applications. For example, they can be used to smooth peak-valley electricity prices, regulate grid frequency and peak loads, and absorb renewable energy or backup power. In warehousing scenarios, large quantities of energy storage modules are stored in warehouses for extended periods. For instance, to meet the operational and maintenance needs of energy storage systems, they are stored in advance to ensure a reserve of spare parts. When energy storage modules are stored long-term, they require periodic full-cycle charge-discharge cycles, i.e., first completely discharging the energy storage module, then fully charging it. The purpose of this full-charge and discharge cycle is to activate the active materials of the electrodes, maintain the battery's rated capacity, slow down storage degradation, or calibrate the SOC accuracy of the BMS.
[0003] Current methods typically involve connecting a single energy storage module to an external load to achieve full discharge, followed by connecting it to mains power for full charging. These methods have the following drawbacks: Firstly, during the discharge phase, connecting to an external load wastes energy and requires a dedicated load device, resulting in a complex structure and increased deployment costs. Secondly, during the charging phase, the energy storage modules act as a grid load, with each module discharging and charging sequentially. This frequent charging and discharging causes grid load fluctuations, especially in weak grid scenarios such as renewable energy grids, which can exacerbate grid voltage deviations and frequency fluctuations, adversely affecting grid operational stability. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a control method, device, energy storage module, and storage medium for an energy storage module, in order to solve the problems of energy waste, complex structure, and significant impact on power grid stability in existing methods.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for an energy storage module, the energy storage module including a battery unit and a bidirectional converter; the output terminals of multiple energy storage modules are connected together; the method includes: Each time, the first energy storage module is selected from multiple energy storage modules, wherein the first energy storage module is the energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged; A bidirectional converter that controls the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module is used to discharge the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. Control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determine that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
[0006] In one possible implementation, before selecting the first energy storage module from a plurality of energy storage modules each time, the method further includes: The energy storage module with the lowest power among all energy storage modules is identified as the target energy storage module; If the amount of energy to be discharged from the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules, control the target energy storage module to discharge to the external device until the amount of energy to be discharged from the target energy storage module is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules.
[0007] In one possible implementation, before selecting the first energy storage module from a plurality of energy storage modules for the first time, the method further includes: The energy storage module with the largest capacity among all energy storage modules is identified as the target energy storage module; If the capacity of the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules, control the target energy storage module to discharge to the external device until the capacity of the target energy storage module is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module discharges from the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module has completed its full discharge, further includes: If the amount of charge to be applied to the first energy storage module is greater than the sum of the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged, control all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged to discharge to the first energy storage module until the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged are reduced to zero. Control the first energy storage module to receive external power until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and confirm that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge.
[0009] In one possible implementation, after the discharge capacity of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully charged and discharged has decreased to zero, the following is also included: Control all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and full charge to receive external power until they are fully charged, and confirm that all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and full charge have completed full discharge and full charge.
[0010] In one possible implementation, controlling a bidirectional converter between at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to cause the at least one third energy storage module to discharge to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged includes determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge. Obtain the discharge capacity of energy storage modules other than the first energy storage module that have not been fully discharged or fully charged; The energy storage module with the lowest discharge capacity among those that have not been fully discharged and fully charged (excluding the first energy storage module) is designated as the third energy storage module. Control the bidirectional converter between the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to enable the third energy storage module to charge the first energy storage module; If the discharge capacity of the third energy storage module drops to zero and it is fully discharged, but the first energy storage module is not fully charged, then the third energy storage module is re-selected and controlled to charge the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and the first energy storage module is determined to be fully discharged and fully charged.
[0011] In one possible implementation, each energy storage module includes at least one battery cell; each battery cell is equipped with a switch; a bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module to discharge from the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the first and second battery units, and controls the bidirectional converters of the first and second energy storage modules to discharge the first battery unit to the second battery unit until the first battery unit is fully discharged; wherein, the first battery unit is any battery unit of the first energy storage module; and the second battery unit is any battery unit of the second energy storage module. Correspondingly, controlling the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge from at least one third energy storage module to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the third battery unit and the first battery unit, and controls the bidirectional converters of the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the third battery unit to the first battery unit until the first battery unit is fully charged; wherein, the third battery unit is any battery unit of the third energy storage module. Each battery cell in the first energy storage module that has not yet been fully discharged and fully charged is repeatedly treated as the first battery cell, and the first battery cell is fully discharged and fully charged until all battery cells in the first energy storage module are fully discharged and fully charged, thus determining that the first energy storage module has been fully discharged and fully charged.
[0012] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a control device for an energy storage module, the energy storage module including a battery unit and a bidirectional converter; the output terminals of multiple energy storage modules are connected together; the device includes: The selection module is used to select the first energy storage module from multiple energy storage modules each time, wherein the first energy storage module is the energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged; The first control module is used to control the bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module, so that the first energy storage module discharges to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. The second control module is used to control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module, so that at least one third energy storage module discharges to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determines that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy storage module, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
[0015] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
[0016] This invention provides an embodiment where multiple energy storage modules circulate and charge / discharge each other. When discharging the first energy storage module, the other modules serve as temporary storage locations for the energy; when charging the first module, the other modules act as energy sources. Firstly, energy flows between the modules, avoiding the dissipation of energy as heat through external loads and reducing energy waste. Secondly, utilizing the existing bidirectional converters of the energy storage modules enables cyclic charging and discharging between them without altering the existing internal hardware structure, functional design, or adding additional hardware, resulting in a simple structure. Thirdly, the cyclic charging and discharging between the modules primarily circulates internally, reducing the frequency and amount of energy replenishment from the external power grid and minimizing the impact on grid stability. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an existing energy storage module in its fully discharged and fully charged mode; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the control method for the energy storage module provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage module connection structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another connection structure of the energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control device for the energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] Energy storage modules are typically stored long-term after being fully charged, and require periodic full-cycle operation, such as full discharge and full charge every three months.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an existing energy storage module operating at full discharge and full charge. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The process involves connecting any one of the numerous energy storage modules to a load, discharging it through the external load until it is completely discharged; then connecting the module to the power grid, charging it until it is fully charged. This process is repeated for the next energy storage module, discharging it to the load and charging it through the grid. The load can be a resistive load, where the discharge is achieved by the heat generated by the resistor consuming electrical energy.
[0021] First, it should be noted that if energy storage modules are used as generators to discharge to the grid, the entire cycle of the energy storage module is a temporary event, which has a significant impact on the stability of the grid load and makes compliant grid connection difficult. Therefore, although discharging to the grid can save energy, current technology still uses the method of discharging to the load.
[0022] The following explains the shortcomings of the existing method: On the one hand, in the discharge stage, as mentioned above, compared to discharging to the grid, discharging to an external load converts electrical energy into heat energy, resulting in energy waste. Moreover, energy storage modules have large capacities, requiring large external loads, typically necessitating dedicated load devices such as rack-mounted resistive loads or containerized discharge units. This not only occupies significant storage space but also presents challenges in handling and deployment. Adding extra dedicated load devices to storage environments leads to structural complexity and increases additional equipment deployment costs.
[0023] On the other hand, in the charging process, one energy storage module discharges first and then charges through the grid; the next energy storage module discharges first and then charges through the grid. Each energy storage module repeats this cycle of discharge and charge in sequence. As a load on the grid, the frequent charging of these energy storage modules causes grid load fluctuations, which can exacerbate grid voltage and frequency fluctuations, adversely affecting the stability of grid operation. This impact is even greater in weak grids such as renewable energy grids.
[0024] Thirdly, voltage fluctuations and harmonic interference from the external power grid can directly affect the voltage and current stability during the charging process, leading to irreversible electrochemical damage inside the battery and shortening its cycle life and storage life.
[0025] The embodiments of the present invention solve the problems of energy waste, complex structure and significant impact on grid stability of existing methods by cyclically charging and discharging multiple energy storage modules.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the control method for the energy storage module provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage module connection structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; see reference. Figure 2 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the energy storage module includes a battery cell and a bidirectional converter; the outputs of multiple energy storage modules are connected together. For example, a bidirectional converter can achieve bidirectional energy conversion. For instance, a bidirectional converter can be a bidirectional DC-AC converter, capable of converting direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) and vice versa. Another example is a bidirectional DC-DC converter.
[0027] It is important to note that the bidirectional converter in the energy storage module is not an additional feature added to address the technical issues of this solution; rather, it is an inherent feature of the energy storage module itself. The energy storage module is not a pure DC battery, but rather a combination of battery cells and a bidirectional converter. For example, the energy storage module is an AC energy storage module with built-in bidirectional DC-AC. As a fully functional, independent product, the internal structure and core functions of the energy storage module are finalized before leaving the factory. Adding or altering its internal hardware structure will compromise its pre-defined performance parameters, safety mechanisms, and compliance design.
[0028] For example, the input of the bidirectional converter is connected to the battery cell, and the output is connected to an external source. It should be noted that the output is not only for outputting energy; since the converter is bidirectional, energy can be output from and input through its output.
[0029] For example, one end of the bidirectional DC-AC connection to the battery cell is the DC terminal, and the other end is the AC terminal. The AC terminal of the bidirectional DC-AC connection is the output terminal of the energy storage module.
[0030] For example, the outputs of multiple energy storage modules are connected to a common busbar. Furthermore, the live, neutral, and ground wires of all energy storage module outputs are connected to the corresponding live, neutral, and ground wires on the same common busbar. It should be noted that each energy storage module is typically equipped with a circuit breaker, enabling on / off control of a single module.
[0031] It should be noted that a single cable can be installed as a common busbar during storage. During storage and maintenance, the outputs of multiple energy storage modules can be pre-connected to this pre-set common busbar cable. This pre-wiring method eliminates the need for additional wiring during subsequent maintenance and is suitable for scenarios with long-term fixed module storage and high cycle frequency. Alternatively, an on-demand temporary connection method can be used. During storage, only the common busbar cable is deployed, and the outputs of individual energy storage modules are not immediately connected to the busbar. When cyclic charging and discharging is required, a temporary connection between the target module and the busbar can be established through manual docking or remote control interface closure; the connection can be disconnected after the cycle ends, leaving the module electrically isolated. The on-demand temporary connection method offers higher security, as the module has no electrical connection to the busbar when not in operation, avoiding the risk of accidental short circuits. This method is suitable for scenarios where modules are stored in batches and cyclically grouped.
[0032] The above describes the connection methods for multiple energy storage modules. The shared output connection method is used to achieve energy sharing and unified scheduling among multiple modules via a centralized bus. The following explains how to achieve internal energy sharing and full-cycle charging / discharging.
[0033] In some embodiments, the execution subject of the control method of the present invention can be an independent electronic device. This electronic device is communicatively connected to each energy storage module and outputs control commands to each energy storage module to control the operation and switching action of the bidirectional converter inside the energy storage module.
[0034] In some embodiments, the execution entity of the control method of the present invention can also be any energy storage module, which acts as a central energy storage module and is communicatively connected to other energy storage modules. The battery management system or energy management system inside the central energy storage module outputs control commands to other energy storage modules.
[0035] Reference Figure 2 The methods include: Step 201: Select the first energy storage module from multiple energy storage modules each time. The first energy storage module is the energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged. For example, multiple energy storage modules can be all energy storage modules in a warehouse, or it can be a single energy storage module. In practice, a group of energy storage modules stored in the same area that are relatively close to each other are usually treated as a whole. The following embodiments only use multiple pre-selected energy storage modules as the processing objects for illustration.
[0036] It should be noted that an energy storage module is considered to have completed both full discharge and full charge. A module that has not completed full discharge and full charge, or has completed full discharge but not full charge, is considered not to have completed full discharge and full charge. Please note that "full charge" here specifically refers to the full charge operation following a full discharge operation; it is a summary of the dynamic operation process, not a static fully charged state. "Not completed" means that the full discharge and full charge operation has not been performed. For example, full discharge means discharging to a state of charge (SOC) lower than or equal to a preset value, such as discharging to 0%. For example, full charge means charging to a state of charge (SOC) higher than or equal to a preset value, such as charging to 100%. Alternatively, the voltage of the battery cells can also be used to characterize the cutoff conditions for full discharge and full charge.
[0037] For example, during the initial run, all energy storage modules are incompletely charged or discharged, regardless of whether they are fully charged or empty.
[0038] For example, one energy storage module can be randomly selected from multiple energy storage modules that have not yet reached full charge / discharge as the first energy storage module. As subsequent steps are executed, the number of energy storage modules that have not reached full charge / discharge is dynamically changed and continuously decreases. After each execution of steps 202 and 203, the number of energy storage modules that have not reached full charge / discharge decreases by one, and then one is selected from the changed number of energy storage modules that have not reached full charge / discharge and is re-determined as the first energy storage module.
[0039] The above explains the selection of the first energy storage module. The following section will first describe the full discharge operation using the first energy storage module as an example.
[0040] Step 202: Control the bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module to discharge the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. For example, the first energy storage module is one of the energy storage modules that are not fully discharged or fully charged; further, the second energy storage module is one or more of the energy storage modules other than the first energy storage module that are not fully discharged or fully charged.
[0041] For example, the bidirectional converter operates in two modes: a discharge mode and a charging mode. In discharge mode, it converts the DC power from the battery cell to AC power; in charging mode, it converts the AC power to DC power to supply the battery cell. For instance, the bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module operates in discharge mode, while the bidirectional converter controlling the second energy storage module operates in charging mode, with the first energy storage module discharging to the second energy storage module.
[0042] As a further example, the bidirectional converter is controlled to convert the DC power from the first energy storage module into AC power conforming to AC bus standards, such as 220V or 380V and 50Hz, while simultaneously matching the charging voltage and frequency requirements of the second energy storage module. No additional converter equipment is required, and the module's internal hardware remains unchanged; energy adaptation is achieved directly using the module's built-in hardware.
[0043] For example, the BMS built into the first energy storage module monitors the battery cell status in real time. When the BMS detects that the full discharge condition has been met, the feedback signal triggers the bidirectional converter to stop working, the discharge process of the first energy storage module terminates, and the full discharge is completed.
[0044] It should be noted that, ideally, the energy stored in the first energy storage module can be entirely absorbed by a single second energy storage module. If this is not possible, multiple second energy storage modules may be required; therefore, the first energy storage module needs to discharge to at least one second energy storage module.
[0045] For example, in special cases, if the first energy storage module is completely depleted, it can be considered as having completed a full discharge, and step 202 can be skipped directly to proceed to the next step. Furthermore, if the first energy storage module is not completely depleted, for example, if the remaining SOC is 50%, the remaining charge needs to be discharged to other energy storage modules first.
[0046] It should also be noted that in step 202, when the bidirectional converters of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module are operating, the bidirectional converters of other energy storage modules may be in a closed state and disconnected from the common terminal.
[0047] Step 203: Control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge at least one third energy storage module to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determine that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
[0048] The first energy storage module acts as an energy output terminal in step 202, and its role changes to an energy receiving terminal in step 203.
[0049] For example, the third energy storage module may be one or more of the energy storage modules other than the first energy storage module that are not fully charged or discharged. Furthermore, the third energy storage module may be the same as or different from the second energy storage module.
[0050] For example, the bidirectional converter of the third energy storage module is controlled to operate in discharge mode, while the bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module operates in charging mode. This allows the third energy storage module to discharge into the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged. The discharge process of the third energy storage module is both charging the first energy storage module and part of its own full discharge process, laying the foundation for its subsequent full charging and avoiding energy waste.
[0051] Ideally, after a third energy storage module discharges to the first energy storage module, the third energy storage module is fully discharged, while the first energy storage module is fully charged. For example, if the third energy storage module has a remaining SOC of 100% and the first energy storage module has a remaining SOC of 0%, after completing step 203, the third energy storage module will have a remaining SOC of 0% and the first energy storage module will have a remaining SOC of 100%. In this case, in the next cycle, the fully discharged third energy storage module can be directly used as the first energy storage module, skipping step 202 and directly executing step 203. The above ideal situation is based on the premise that the capacity is exactly the same and there is no cycle loss. In reality, the actual loss is difficult to predict accurately. Therefore, in practice, it is still necessary to judge and select the first energy storage module according to the specific situation during the process.
[0052] After step 203, the first energy storage module completes a full charge, confirming that it has completed full discharge and full charge, and exits the current cycle. A new first energy storage module needs to be selected subsequently, and this process continues until as many energy storage modules as possible complete the full cycle.
[0053] For example, each energy storage module that is not fully discharged or fully charged is repeatedly used as the first energy storage module, and the first energy storage module is fully discharged and fully charged.
[0054] Steps 201, 202, and 203 form a closed loop, enabling bidirectional energy transfer between energy storage modules. This can be achieved without external loads or grid dependence, while also reusing the module's built-in hardware and common bus.
[0055] This invention provides an embodiment where multiple energy storage modules circulate and discharge among themselves. When discharging the first energy storage module, the other modules serve as temporary storage locations for the energy; when charging the first energy storage module, the other modules serve as the energy source for charging. This allows energy to flow between the modules, avoiding the use of external loads to dissipate energy as heat and reducing energy waste.
[0056] Secondly, the existing bidirectional converters of the energy storage modules enable cyclic charging and discharging among multiple energy storage modules. This approach does not alter the existing internal hardware structure or functional design of the energy storage modules, nor does it require additional hardware devices, resulting in a simple structure. For example, by utilizing the existing hardware structure of the energy storage modules, such as the bidirectional converters, and only adding control logic for cyclic charging and discharging at the software level, the internal hardware structure of the energy storage modules remains unchanged, their original grid-connected power supply and emergency backup functions are not affected, and no additional hardware devices are added. This method is simple to implement and highly compatible.
[0057] Thirdly, the cyclic charging and discharging of multiple energy storage modules primarily circulates internally, reducing the quantity and frequency of energy replenishment from the external power grid and mitigating the impact on grid stability. For example, it avoids the grid load fluctuations caused by individual module charging and frequent start-stop cycles in existing technologies. Furthermore, only after most modules have completed their cycles does the last one or more energy storage modules with insufficient power require a small, one-time replenishment, significantly reducing the amount and frequency of energy replenishment from the external power grid and substantially lowering the impact on grid stability.
[0058] When performing the inner loop of steps 201-203 above, taking a group of energy storage modules as the target, step 202 may fail to complete if the discharge capacity of the first energy storage module exceeds the total accepting capacity of other modules in the system. The following examples illustrate how to solve this problem.
[0059] In one possible implementation, before selecting the first energy storage module from multiple energy storage modules each time, the method further includes: determining the energy storage module with the lowest power among all energy storage modules as the target energy storage module; if the amount of the target energy storage module to be discharged is greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules, controlling the target energy storage module to discharge to an external device until the amount of the target energy storage module to be discharged is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules.
[0060] It's important to note that selecting the energy storage module with the lowest charge level as the target module serves two purposes: first, it allows for faster full discharge in subsequent cycles; second, it uses the minimum available discharge capacity as a benchmark to verify the internal cycle's energy absorption capacity. Lowest charge level indicates the smallest available discharge capacity. If even this minimum available discharge capacity cannot be absorbed by the total rechargeable capacity of other modules, it indicates that the internal cycle's total absorption capacity has reached its limit. If modules with higher charge levels and larger available discharge capacities are selected subsequently, the supply-demand imbalance will be more severe, and the risk of cycle failure will be higher. Furthermore, verifying whether the energy storage module with the lowest charge level can be absorbed before each cycle ensures the normal execution of that cycle.
[0061] For example, if the discharge capacity of the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules, it means that the total electrical energy to be released by the target module cannot be absorbed by all other energy storage modules combined. The internal circulation cannot fully accommodate the discharge demand of the target module, and if it does not discharge externally, the full discharge process of the target module will be stalled.
[0062] For example, the statement that the target energy storage module's discharge capacity is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules means that by discharging externally, the electrical energy that the target module needs to release can be fully absorbed by the total rechargeable capacity of the other modules. At this point, the internal loop can be restored to a closed loop, and the target module can subsequently complete a full discharge and full charge through the charging of other modules, ensuring that the internal loop process can continue.
[0063] For example, the external device can be a resistive load. Another example is that the external device can be an additional empty capacity energy storage module, referred to as an empty battery. The external device uses a single, independent energy storage module not connected to the internal circulation loop; regardless of the number of storage modules, only one is needed, resulting in low cost and high energy utilization. Excess energy released by the target module is stored in the empty battery instead of being wasted as heat. This empty battery can then be used as an energy source for the internal circulation loop, allowing the excess energy to re-enter the loop and maximizing energy utilization. Only one empty battery is needed to accommodate any number of storage modules. Because only the excess power of one target module is processed at a time, the capacity of a single empty battery only needs to match the maximum possible excess power, such as the upper limit of the difference between the target module's undischarged capacity and the total rechargeable capacity, without needing to be configured according to the total capacity of the storage modules, reducing equipment procurement costs and storage space requirements.
[0064] For example, if the amount of energy to be discharged from the target energy storage module is not greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules, the target energy storage module can be directly used as the first energy storage module, and step 201 can be continued. The bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module is controlled to discharge the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged.
[0065] The above describes a method that verifies absorption capacity in each iteration. The following describes an efficient method that performs this verification only on the first execution.
[0066] In one possible implementation, before selecting the first energy storage module from multiple energy storage modules for the first time, the method further includes: determining the energy storage module with the largest capacity among all energy storage modules as the target energy storage module; if the capacity of the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules, controlling the target energy storage module to discharge to an external device until the capacity of the target energy storage module is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules.
[0067] In warehousing scenarios, the rated capacity of energy storage modules is fixed, as are their maximum acceptable capacity and maximum discharge demand. The total rechargeable capacity of all other modules is the maximum acceptable capacity of the internal cycle, and the fully discharged standby capacity of the module with the largest capacity is the maximum discharge demand. Therefore, it is only necessary to verify once before the first cycle whether the maximum discharge demand can be accommodated by the maximum acceptable capacity; subsequent cycles do not require repeated verification, simplifying the process and improving efficiency.
[0068] The embodiments of the present invention perform a one-time capacity benchmark verification during the first cycle, using the largest capacity module as the benchmark, and verify the cycle capacity matching throughout the entire cycle in one go, avoiding repeated verification and improving the efficiency of storage cycle charging and discharging.
[0069] The two examples above illustrate the beginning of each iteration of steps 201-203. The following describes the ending of the iteration.
[0070] If all energy storage modules have the same capacity and losses are negligible, a fully charged module discharges into a depleted module, causing the depleted module to become fully charged, and vice versa, eventually leaving one depleted module awaiting full charging. However, the capacities of the energy storage modules may differ, and losses may occur. The depleted module may not be fully charged, so there may be one or more depleted modules remaining. The following embodiment performs a power level check after each cycle and takes appropriate action based on the result.
[0071] In one possible implementation, the bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module discharges from the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged, further includes: if the amount of charge to be applied to the first energy storage module is greater than the sum of the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged or fully charged, controlling all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged or fully charged to discharge to the first energy storage module until the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged or fully charged drop to zero; controlling the first energy storage module to receive external power supply until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determining that the first energy storage module has been fully discharged or fully charged.
[0072] For example, the external power supply can be the external power grid or an additional energy storage module. For instance, the additional energy storage module could be one with sufficient power to fully charge the first energy storage module. Another example is the external device mentioned above at the beginning of the cycle. The selection of the external power supply follows the principle of energy recovery priority, prioritizing the use of additional energy storage modules, such as an empty external battery used to buffer excess power at the beginning of the cycle. Only when the remaining power of the additional energy storage module is insufficient to meet the charging needs of the first module will the external power grid be connected to supplement energy, thereby minimizing dependence on the power grid and avoiding damage to the battery and load impact on the power grid caused by grid fluctuations.
[0073] For example, the amount of energy to be charged in the first energy storage module represents the total electrical energy required to charge the first module from its current charge level to a fully charged state. In another example, the sum of the dischargeable amounts of other modules that have not yet completed a full charge / discharge cycle represents the sum of the differences between the current charge level and the charge level corresponding to a full discharge for each module that has not completed a full charge / discharge cycle.
[0074] It should be noted that if the charge capacity of the first energy storage module is greater than the sum of the discharge capacities of all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and charging, it means that the remaining power of all other energy storage modules is insufficient to fully charge the first energy storage module. In this case, all other energy storage modules are prioritized to discharge to the first energy storage module, allowing all other energy storage modules to complete full discharge first. Then, external power is used to replenish the first energy storage module and complete its full charge.
[0075] Following the previous embodiment, the first energy storage module completes full charge and discharge, while the other energy storage modules complete full discharge. The other energy storage modules that have only completed full discharge can be directly used for the full-cycle operation of the next group of energy storage modules, for example, by directly integrating them into the next group of energy storage modules, executing steps 201-203. As another example, if the other energy storage modules that have only completed full discharge are not used for the full-cycle operation of the next group of energy storage modules but are required for long-term storage, the following embodiment is used for illustration.
[0076] In one possible implementation, after the discharge capacity of all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and charging has dropped to zero, the method further includes: controlling all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and charging to receive external power until they are fully charged, and determining that all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and charging have completed full discharge and charging.
[0077] For example, the external power supply first selects an additional energy storage device as the power source, and only connects to the external power grid to supplement energy when there is no available energy in the internal circulation, so as to minimize grid dependence, avoid damage to the battery from grid fluctuations, and reduce grid load impact.
[0078] It should be noted that if the module is only fully discharged, long-term storage can easily lead to electrolyte decomposition and electrode active material passivation, causing irreversible damage such as capacity decay and voltage inconsistency. After completing a full charge through this step, the battery is in a stable fully charged storage state, which can effectively maintain electrode activity, inhibit performance degradation, and ensure the cycle life and charge / discharge efficiency of the module after long-term storage.
[0079] In step 203, the third energy storage module discharges to the first energy storage module. Any energy storage module that has not been fully discharged or fully charged can be selected as the third energy storage module.
[0080] Ideally, after a third energy storage module discharges to a first energy storage module, the first energy storage module is fully charged while the third energy storage module is fully discharged. In this way, the fully discharged third energy storage module can directly function as the first energy storage module in the next cycle, and step 202 can be skipped to execute step 203, resulting in high cycle execution efficiency.
[0081] In a less desirable scenario, the first energy storage module may be fully charged while the third energy storage module is not yet fully discharged. If the third energy storage module, which is not fully discharged, is used as the first energy storage module in the next cycle, step 202 cannot be skipped, resulting in low cycle execution efficiency. The following examples illustrate how to improve execution efficiency.
[0082] In one possible implementation, controlling a bidirectional converter between at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to cause the at least one third energy storage module to discharge to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged includes determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge. Obtain the discharge capacity of energy storage modules other than the first energy storage module that have not been fully discharged or fully charged; The energy storage module with the lowest discharge capacity among those that have not been fully discharged and fully charged (excluding the first energy storage module) is designated as the third energy storage module. Control the bidirectional converter between the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to enable the third energy storage module to charge the first energy storage module; If the discharge capacity of the third energy storage module drops to zero and it is fully discharged, but the first energy storage module is not fully charged, then the third energy storage module is re-selected and controlled to charge the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and the first energy storage module is determined to be fully discharged and fully charged.
[0083] It should be noted that the prerequisite for the internal loop in steps 201-203 is that there are enough empty batteries as load modules to receive the discharge power of the first energy storage module, i.e., the first module discharging to the second module in step 202. Prioritizing the discharge of modules with less discharge capacity to empty them can quickly expand the number of empty batteries, providing sufficient power storage space when selecting new first modules to discharge. In addition, the more empty batteries there are, the less need to calculate the remaining rechargeable capacity of each module when selecting the second module; empty batteries can be selected directly, simplifying the scheduling logic.
[0084] It should also be noted that if the remaining power of the third energy storage module is low, it may not be possible to fully charge the first energy storage module using only the third energy storage module. Therefore, in this embodiment, multiple third energy storage modules may be needed to discharge the first energy storage module, meaning that the optimal third energy storage module needs to be determined multiple times.
[0085] This invention, by prioritizing the discharge of the first energy storage module through the energy storage module with the lowest discharge capacity, ensures that the first energy storage module is fully charged while at least one third energy storage module is fully discharged. The fully discharged third energy storage module can directly serve as the first energy storage module in the next cycle, and step 202 can be skipped to execute step 203, resulting in high cycle execution efficiency.
[0086] The following examples illustrate a unit-level cross-module inter-charge scheme.
[0087] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another connection structure of the energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; see reference. Figure 4 In one possible implementation, each energy storage module includes at least one battery cell; each battery cell is equipped with a switch; a bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module to discharge from the first energy storage module to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the first and second battery units, and controls the bidirectional converters of the first and second energy storage modules to discharge the first battery unit to the second battery unit until the first battery unit is fully discharged; wherein, the first battery unit is any battery unit of the first energy storage module; and the second battery unit is any battery unit of the second energy storage module. Correspondingly, controlling the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge from at least one third energy storage module to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the third battery unit and the first battery unit, and controls the bidirectional converters of the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the third battery unit to the first battery unit until the first battery unit is fully charged; wherein, the third battery unit is any battery unit of the third energy storage module. Each battery cell in the first energy storage module that has not yet been fully discharged and fully charged is repeatedly treated as the first battery cell, and the first battery cell is fully discharged and fully charged until all battery cells in the first energy storage module are fully discharged and fully charged, thus determining that the first energy storage module has been fully discharged and fully charged.
[0088] For example, any combination of units can be flexibly selected for charging and discharging according to the cyclic requirements of the module. For instance, one battery unit can charge another battery unit, or two battery units can charge two other units, without having to fully charge and discharge the entire module.
[0089] It should be noted that the aforementioned switch reuses existing hardware. The switch of the battery unit is hardware inherent to the energy storage module itself, requiring no additional hardware and resulting in a simple structure. This embodiment of the invention is not only applicable to modules of the same capacity but also to modules of different capacities stored together in warehouses, offering greater versatility.
[0090] For example, the number of battery cells in each energy storage module is not exactly the same; however, the capacity of each battery cell is the same.
[0091] The capacity of an energy storage module is typically adjusted by changing the number of battery cells. Since each battery cell has the same capacity, different capacities can be achieved by connecting different numbers of battery cells in parallel on the input side of a bidirectional converter. Each battery cell is equipped with an independent switch, such as a relay or smart contactor, to control the on / off state of that cell.
[0092] Internal circulation between energy storage modules with different capacities necessitates consideration of capacity matching. Prioritizing internal circulation among multiple energy storage modules with matching capacities is preferable, as the control logic for full discharge and full charge based on capacity matching is overly complex. For example, charging a 100kWh module from a 200kWh module requires precise control of the discharge rate, while charging a 300kWh module from a 100kWh module requires multiple recharges. Furthermore, different battery cells within the same energy storage module cannot directly charge and discharge each other. Adding a DC-DC converter between each pair of battery cells necessitates hardware modifications, impacting the original functionality of the energy storage module.
[0093] The embodiments of the present invention transform complex module-level matching into simple unit-level matching through unit-independent switch control. This does not modify the core hardware inside the module, greatly simplifies the control logic, and improves the versatility of the solution.
[0094] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0095] The following are device embodiments of the present invention. For details not described in detail, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments described above.
[0096] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control device for the energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; for ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and are described in detail below: like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a control device 5 for an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes a battery unit and a bidirectional converter; the output terminals of multiple energy storage modules are connected together; the device includes: The selection module 51 is used to select the first energy storage module from multiple energy storage modules each time, wherein the first energy storage module is an energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged; The first control module 52 is used to control the bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module, so that the first energy storage module discharges to at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. The second control module 53 is used to control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module, so that at least one third energy storage module discharges to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determines that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
[0097] This invention provides an embodiment where multiple energy storage modules circulate and charge / discharge each other. When discharging the first energy storage module, the other modules serve as temporary storage locations for the energy; when charging the first module, the other modules act as energy sources. Firstly, energy flows between the modules, avoiding the dissipation of energy as heat through external loads and reducing energy waste. Secondly, utilizing the existing bidirectional converters of the energy storage modules enables cyclic charging and discharging between them without altering the existing internal hardware structure, functional design, or adding additional hardware, resulting in a simple structure. Thirdly, the cyclic charging and discharging between the modules primarily circulates internally, reducing the frequency and amount of energy replenishment from the external power grid and minimizing the impact on grid stability.
[0098] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6As shown, the energy storage module 6 in this embodiment includes a processor 60 and a memory 61. The memory 61 stores a computer program 62. When the processor 60 executes the computer program 62, it implements the steps in the various method embodiments described above. Alternatively, when the processor 60 executes the computer program 62, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the various device embodiments described above.
[0099] For example, computer program 62 can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in memory 61 and executed by processor 60 to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of computer program 62 in energy storage module 6.
[0100] The energy storage module 6 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 60 and a memory 61. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 This is merely an example of energy storage module 6 and does not constitute a limitation on energy storage module 6. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, energy storage module 6 may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
[0101] The processor 60 can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
[0102] The memory 61 can be an internal storage unit of the energy storage module 6, such as a hard disk or RAM of the energy storage module 6. The memory 61 can also be an external storage device of the energy storage module 6, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the energy storage module 6. Furthermore, the memory 61 can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the energy storage module 6. The memory 61 is used to store the computer program 62 and other programs and data required by the energy storage module 6. The memory 61 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
[0103] For the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the above-described functional modules / units are used as examples. In practical applications, the functions described above can be assigned to different functional modules / units as needed. These modules / units can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.
[0104] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the methods described in the above-described method embodiments.
[0105] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the methods described in the above-described method embodiments.
[0106] Computer programs include computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. Computer-readable media can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.
[0107] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. Parts not detailed or described in a particular embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Unless otherwise specified or in conflict with logic, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced interchangeably. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.
[0108] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A control method for an energy storage module, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a battery unit and a bidirectional converter; the output terminals of multiple energy storage modules are connected together; the method includes: Each time, a first energy storage module is selected from a plurality of said energy storage modules, wherein the first energy storage module is an energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged; A bidirectional converter that controls the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module is used to discharge the first energy storage module to the at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. Control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the at least one third energy storage module to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determine that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
2. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before each selection of a first energy storage module from the plurality of said energy storage modules, the method further includes: The energy storage module with the lowest power among all the energy storage modules is identified as the target energy storage module; If the amount of energy to be discharged from the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules, control the target energy storage module to discharge to the external device until the amount of energy to be discharged from the target energy storage module is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules.
3. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before initially selecting a first energy storage module from the plurality of said energy storage modules, the method further includes: The energy storage module with the largest capacity among all the energy storage modules is determined as the target energy storage module; If the capacity of the target energy storage module is greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules, control the target energy storage module to discharge to the external device until the capacity of the target energy storage module is no greater than the sum of the rechargeable capacities of all other energy storage modules.
4. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes controlling a bidirectional converter for a first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module, causing the first energy storage module to discharge to the at least one second energy storage module, until the first energy storage module has completed full discharge: If the amount of charge to be applied to the first energy storage module is greater than the sum of the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged, control all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged to discharge to the first energy storage module until the dischargeable amounts of all other energy storage modules that have not yet been fully discharged and charged are reduced to zero. Control the first energy storage module to receive external power until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determine that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge.
5. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 4, characterized in that, After all other energy storage modules that have not been fully charged and discharged have reduced their discharge capacity to zero, this also includes: Control all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and full charge to receive external power until they are fully charged, and confirm that all other energy storage modules that have not yet completed full discharge and full charge have completed full discharge and full charge.
6. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to cause the at least one third energy storage module to discharge to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge includes: Obtain the discharge capacity of the energy storage modules other than the first energy storage module that have not been fully discharged or fully charged; The energy storage module with the lowest discharge capacity among those other than the first energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged is identified as the third energy storage module. Control the bidirectional converter of the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to enable the third energy storage module to charge the first energy storage module; If the discharge capacity of the third energy storage module drops to zero and it is fully discharged, but the first energy storage module is not fully charged, then the third energy storage module is re-determined, and the re-determined third energy storage module is controlled to charge the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and the first energy storage module is determined to be fully discharged and fully charged.
7. The control method for the energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the energy storage modules includes at least one battery cell; each battery cell is equipped with a switch; the bidirectional converter controlling the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module, causing the first energy storage module to discharge to the at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged, includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the first and second battery units, and controls the bidirectional converters of the first and second energy storage modules to discharge the first battery unit to the second battery unit until the first battery unit is fully discharged; wherein, the first battery unit is any battery unit of the first energy storage module; and the second battery unit is any battery unit of the second energy storage module. Accordingly, controlling the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the at least one third energy storage module to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, determining that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge includes: The system controls the switches to turn on the third battery unit and the first battery unit, and controls the bidirectional converters of the third energy storage module and the first energy storage module to discharge the third battery unit to the first battery unit until the first battery unit is fully charged; wherein, the third battery unit is any battery unit of the third energy storage module. Each battery cell in the first energy storage module that has not yet been fully discharged and fully charged is repeatedly treated as the first battery cell, and the first battery cell is fully discharged and fully charged until all battery cells in the first energy storage module are fully discharged and fully charged, thus determining that the first energy storage module has been fully discharged and fully charged.
8. A control device for an energy storage module, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a battery unit and a bidirectional converter; the output terminals of multiple energy storage modules are connected together; the device includes: A selection module is used to select a first energy storage module from a plurality of energy storage modules each time, wherein the first energy storage module is an energy storage module that has not been fully discharged and fully charged; The first control module is used to control the bidirectional converter of the first energy storage module and at least one second energy storage module, so that the first energy storage module discharges to the at least one second energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully discharged. The second control module is used to control the bidirectional converter of at least one third energy storage module and the first energy storage module, so that the at least one third energy storage module discharges to the first energy storage module until the first energy storage module is fully charged, and determines that the first energy storage module has completed full discharge and full charge; wherein, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are both energy storage modules that have not completed full discharge and full charge.
9. An energy storage module, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the control method of the energy storage module as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the control method for the energy storage module as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.