Welding method of stable rack for hydraulic machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of a stable type rack for a hydraulic machine, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic machine rack welding, the welding method comprises the following steps of preheating before welding, sequential welding, multi-layer and multi-pass welding and stress control, stress relief treatment after welding and quality verification, and welding equipment comprises a stand column, a multi-directional clamp and a smoke dust absorbing and filtering device; an adjusting assembly in the multi-directional clamp achieves horizontal rotation and pitching inclination adjustment of a workpiece, a clamping assembly drives moving plates to move oppositely through bidirectional studs and is matched with spring buffering to achieve self-adaptive elastic clamping, and it is ensured that the posture of the workpiece is stable. The smoke dust absorbing and filtering device is integrated on the outer side of the lifting module, smoke dust is absorbed into a multi-stage filtering assembly through a dust absorbing fan for staged purification, and after cooling and dehumidification, the smoke dust is guided to a welding seam area through a spray head for forced cooling; through the synergistic effect of intelligent clamping, smoke dust treatment and welding seam cooling, welding deformation and residual stress are effectively restrained, the size stability of the rack is improved, and the fatigue life of the rack is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic press frame welding technology, specifically a welding method for a stable frame of a hydraulic press. Background Technology

[0002] As the core load-bearing structure, the welding quality of the hydraulic press frame directly affects the dimensional accuracy, structural rigidity, and fatigue life of the entire machine. Currently, for the welding of large hydraulic press frames, the industry generally adopts processes such as preheating before welding, sequential welding, and post-weld heat treatment, and uses special welding equipment to control welding deformation and residual stress. However, existing welding methods still have limitations in terms of process parameter control, clamping system adaptability, and real-time stress regulation, making it difficult to fully meet the requirements of mass production of high-precision, high-load frames.

[0003] An existing welding equipment for processing the frame of a large hydraulic press, with application number CN202310254893.1, although capable of automatic transfer and welding of workpieces and equipped with stress relief components to alleviate welding stress in real time, still has the following prominent problems: 1. Welding process control: Although the equipment has stress relief function, its stress relief component has a complex structure, relies on multi-stage linkages and gear transmission, and has limited adjustment accuracy and response speed, making it difficult to achieve precise and dynamic stress control of the weld area during the welding process. 2. Clamping system: Its clamping system has a single function, which can only realize basic clamping. It lacks multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capability and adaptive elastic clamping structure, making it difficult to adapt to the precise positioning and attitude stability requirements of complex frame structures. 3. Regarding the working environment and cooling efficiency: The large amount of dusty fumes generated during the welding process are directly emitted, which seriously pollutes the working environment and endangers the health of operators. At the same time, the cooling of the weld seam mostly relies on natural cooling or additional cooling fans, which not only has low energy utilization but also limited cooling efficiency. It is difficult to achieve coordinated operation with the welding process, which affects the overall production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydraulic press frame welding method that deeply integrates welding technology with intelligent clamping system, fume treatment and weld cooling system, which can achieve precise multi-degree-of-freedom positioning of workpiece and adaptive elastic clamping during the welding process, and simultaneously complete fume purification and forced weld cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a welding method for a stable frame of a hydraulic press, comprising the following steps: S1. Preheating before welding: Preheat the entire base material area of ​​the bevel to be welded and the set width on both sides of it. The preheating temperature is controlled at 100℃-180℃. S2. Sequential welding: Using welding equipment, multiple weld joints of the frame assembly are welded in a predetermined welding sequence, and fume purification and weld cooling treatment are carried out in conjunction. S3. Multi-layer and multi-pass welding and stress control: During the welding process, low-hydrogen welding materials are used for multi-layer and multi-pass welding, and the interpass temperature of the weld is controlled to not exceed the upper limit of the preheating temperature. S4. Post-weld stress relief treatment: After all main welds are completed, the frame is subjected to overall stress relief heat treatment, followed by natural aging treatment for no less than 48 hours. S5. Quality Verification: Perform non-destructive testing on the welds and verify the geometric dimensions of the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the welding equipment in step S2 includes columns, which are vertically arranged along four sides, and the top of the front and rear columns are connected to first guide rails. A first motor is installed on the front side of the first guide rail on the right side, and the output end of the first motor is connected to a first lead screw. The first lead screw is connected to one side of a second guide rail. The second guide rail is located between the two first guide rails, and a second motor is provided on the upper left side of the second guide rail. The output end of the second motor is connected to a second lead screw, and a lifting module is externally connected to the second lead screw. A third motor is installed on the upper end of the lifting module, and a movable seat is connected to the front side of the lifting module. A welding robot is bolted to the bottom of the movable seat. A multi-directional clamp is provided between the lower ends of the four columns, and a smoke absorption and filtration device is installed on the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-directional clamp includes a base plate, which is connected to the bottom of the column on all four sides. A base is installed in the middle of the upper part of the base plate. An adjustment component is provided on the upper part of the base. A receiving plate is connected to the top of the adjustment component. A clamping component is provided on the upper part of the receiving plate.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a connecting plate and a locking rod. The connecting plate is placed on the upper end of the base and is connected to the middle of the upper end of the base. A receiving frame is tightly attached to the upper end of the connecting plate. A first servo motor is installed on one side of the bottom of the receiving frame. The output end of the first servo motor is connected to a first connecting arm. The upper end of the first connecting arm is rotatably connected to a second connecting arm. The upper end of the second connecting arm is connected to a connecting piece. The connecting piece is installed on the bottom of the receiving plate. The locking rod is fixed to both sides of the bottom of the receiving plate. Fixing blocks are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the receiving frame. A cylinder is provided on the upper end of the fixing block. The output end of the cylinder is connected to a limit plate, and the limit plate is inserted into the interior of the fixing block. Positioning blocks are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the upper end of the receiving frame. Positioning slots are provided on the upper ends of the positioning blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a second servo motor, which is connected to one side of the receiving plate. The output end of the second servo motor is connected to a bidirectional stud. Both sides of the bidirectional stud are threaded with a movable plate, which is located on both sides of the upper end of the receiving plate. Both sides of the movable plate are inserted with plugs, and springs are provided on the outside of the plugs. The side of the plug away from the movable plate is connected to the expansion clamp.

[0011] Preferably, the extended clamp includes a clamping shell, which is disposed on both sides of the upper end of the receiving plate and fixed to the plug-in post. A third servo motor is installed on one side of the bottom of the clamping shell. A worm gear is connected to the output end of the third servo motor. A rack meshes with the outside of the worm gear and is fixed to one side of the outside of the first transmission bar. The first transmission bar is slidably mounted on the bottom of the clamping shell, and a first gear meshes with both sides of the first transmission bar. A first connecting rod is installed on the outside of the first gear. A second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod. A second gear is connected to the upper end of the second connecting rod and meshes with the second transmission bar. The second transmission bar is slidably mounted on the lower end of the auxiliary clamping bar, which is disposed on the upper end of the clamping shell.

[0012] Preferably, the dust filtration and absorption device includes a dust collection box, which is bolted to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module. A dust collection fan is installed inside the dust collection box. An air supply pipe is connected to the left side of the dust collection box. A multi-stage filtration assembly is connected to the top of the air supply pipe. A sprocket assembly is connected to the rear power drive end of the dust collection fan. The upper end of the sprocket assembly is connected to a moving assembly, which is installed on top of the multi-stage filtration assembly. An exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the moving assembly, and a nozzle is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-stage filtration assembly includes a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe is bolted to the front of the first connecting pipe, and the lower ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are respectively connected to the air supply pipe and the moving component. A filter pipe is installed inside the first connecting pipe, and a cooling and dehumidification pipe is installed inside the second connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the filter tube includes a first tube body, which is placed inside a first connecting tube. A stainless steel metal filter screen is installed inside the first tube body. A second tube body is bolted to the side of the first tube body, and a PTFE-coated polyester filter cartridge is installed inside the second tube body. A third tube body is bolted to the side of the second tube body, and an activated carbon fiber filter screen is installed inside the third tube body. The first tube body, the second tube body, and the third tube body are detachably installed inside the first connecting tube. The cooling and dehumidifying pipe includes a fourth pipe body, which is detachably installed inside one side of the second pipe. Cooling plates are provided at both the upper and lower ends of one side of the fourth pipe body, and a drying box is installed on the other side of the fourth pipe body.

[0015] Preferably, the moving component includes a bracket, which is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting pipe. Limiting strips are fixed at both ends of the inner side of the bracket, and the limiting strips slide relative to the outside of the second connecting pipe. A bellows is installed in the middle of the lower end of the bracket. The upper and lower ends of the bellows are connected to the second connecting pipe and the exhaust pipe, respectively. A horizontal plate is locked at the top of the bracket. A connecting shaft is installed in the middle of the horizontal plate. The lower end of the connecting shaft extends into the transmission groove. The transmission groove is opened on the outside of the rotating drum. The rotating drum is connected to the front side of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is longitudinally installed on the upper ends of the first and second connecting pipes, and the rear side of the rotating shaft is connected to the upper end of the sprocket assembly.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention significantly reduces heat input and cooling rate during welding by preheating before welding, sequential welding, multi-layer and multi-pass welding with stress control, post-weld stress relief treatment and quality verification, effectively suppressing hydrogen-induced cracking and hardening tendency; by adopting sequential welding, combined with interpass temperature control and low-hydrogen welding materials, stress distribution is further optimized, welding deformation is reduced, and the overall dimensional accuracy and structural stability of the frame are ensured.

[0017] 2. This invention, by setting up a multi-directional fixture, namely composed of a base plate, a base, an adjustment component, and a clamping component, enables multi-degree-of-freedom positioning and stable clamping of large structural components before welding. The fixture can perform horizontal rotation and pitch adjustment on the workpiece, and adapt to the workpiece surface through the clamping component, effectively preventing clamping deformation and local stress concentration, providing a precise and reliable positioning reference for subsequent welding, and improving clamping efficiency and adaptability.

[0018] 3. The present invention, by setting an adjustment component, including a connecting plate, a receiving frame, a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a locking rod, a cylinder, a limiting plate, a positioning block, and a positioning groove, enables the workpiece to rotate at any angle in the horizontal plane and adjust its pitch and tilt within a certain range. The cylinder drives the limiting plate to quickly lock the locking rod, thereby firmly maintaining the workpiece posture during the welding process, ensuring that the weld is always in the optimal welding position, and significantly improving welding accessibility and quality consistency.

[0019] 4. The present invention features a clamping assembly consisting of a second servo motor, a bidirectional stud, a moving plate, a plug-in post, and a spring. This assembly can automatically adjust the clamping distance according to the workpiece width and achieve adaptive compensation of clamping force through spring buffering, avoiding workpiece surface damage or stress concentration caused by rigid contact. Its paired symmetrical arrangement further enhances the clamping balance, ensuring that the large frame does not shift or vibrate during the welding process, thus improving the stability and safety of clamping.

[0020] 5. This invention, through the setting of an extended clamp, comprises a third servo motor, a worm gear, a rack, a first transmission bar, a first gear, a second gear, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a second transmission bar, and an auxiliary clamping bar. Based on the basic clamping mechanism, this unit uses a motor-driven worm gear to drive the rack, which, through multi-stage gears and connecting rods, achieves the lifting and lowering movement of the auxiliary clamping bar, effectively increasing the clamping contact area and improving clamping stability. Simultaneously, the worm gear transmission has a self-locking characteristic, ensuring a stable and secure clamping state during welding, further enhancing the reliability and applicability of the clamping system.

[0021] 6. This invention incorporates a fume filtration and absorption device, consisting of a dust collection box, a dust collection fan, an air supply pipe, a multi-stage filtration assembly, a sprocket assembly, a moving assembly, an exhaust pipe, and a nozzle. This device is integrated on the outside of the lifting module and can simultaneously activate the dust collection fan during welding to generate negative pressure, drawing in the dust-laden fumes generated during welding and filtering and purifying them, effectively reducing pollution in the working environment. At the same time, the purified air is guided by the nozzle to the weld area for forced cooling, achieving synergistic operation of fume treatment and weld cooling, thus improving energy efficiency.

[0022] 7. This invention employs a multi-stage filtration system and a moving component. The multi-stage filtration system includes a filter tube and a cooling and dehumidification tube. The filter tube uses a stainless steel metal mesh, a PTFE-coated polyester filter cartridge, and an activated carbon fiber filter to form a three-stage filtration structure. These components are used to intercept large particles of smoke and sparks, capture fine dust, and adsorb harmful gases and odors, ensuring that the cleanliness of the exhaust air meets the weld cooling requirements. The cooling and dehumidification tube contains a cooling plate and a drying box to forcibly cool and dehumidify the purified air, preventing condensation or corrosion at the weld. The moving component transmits power from the dust extraction fan to the rotating drum via a sprocket assembly, driving the support and nozzle to move back and forth along the weld direction, thereby expanding the weld cooling range and significantly improving cooling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the welding process of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding equipment structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-directional clamp structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the extended fixture structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust filtration and absorption device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a side view cross-sectional structural diagram of the multi-stage filtration component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mobile component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the mobile component of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: Column-1, First Guide Rail-2, First Motor-3, First Lead Screw-4, Second Guide Rail-5, Second Motor-6, Second Lead Screw-7, Lifting Module-8, Third Motor-9, Moving Seat-10, Welding Robot-11, Multi-directional Fixture-12, Base Plate-121, Base-122, Adjustment Component-123, Connecting Plate-1231, Receiving Frame-1232, First Servo Motor-1233, First Connecting Arm-1234, Second Connecting Arm-1235, Connector-1236, Locking Rod-1237 Fixed block-1238, cylinder-1239, limiting plate-12310, positioning block-12311, positioning groove-12312, receiving plate-124, clamping assembly-125, second servo motor-1251, bidirectional stud-1252, moving plate-1253, plug-in post-1254, spring-1255, extension clamp-1256, clamping shell-12561, third servo motor-12562, worm gear-12563, rack-12564, first transmission bar-12565, first gear-12 566, First connecting rod - 12567, Second connecting rod - 12568, Second gear - 12569, Second transmission bar - 125610, Auxiliary clamping bar - 125611, Smoke and dust filtration and absorption device - 13, Dust collection box - 131, Dust collection fan - 132, Air supply pipe - 133, Multi-stage filter assembly - 134, First connecting pipe - 1341, Second connecting pipe - 1342, Filter pipe - 1343, First pipe body - 13431, Stainless steel metal filter screen - 13432, Second pipe body - 13433, PTF E-coated polyester filter cartridge-13434, third tube body-13435, activated carbon fiber filter screen-13436, cooling and dehumidifying tube-1344, fourth tube body-13441, cooling plate-13442, drying box-13443, sprocket assembly-135, moving assembly-136, bracket-1361, limiting strip-1362, corrugated pipe-1363, horizontal plate-1364, connecting shaft-1365, transmission groove-1366, rotating drum-1367, rotating shaft-1368, exhaust pipe-137, nozzle-138. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a welding method for a stable frame of a hydraulic press, comprising the following steps: S1. Preheating before welding: Preheat the entire base material area with a set width on both sides of the bevel to be welded. The preheating temperature is controlled at 100℃-180℃. Flame heating is preferred. The width of the preheating area is 100-150mm on each side of the bevel. This is used to reduce the cooling rate of the weld and heat-affected zone, and reduce the hardening tendency and the risk of hydrogen-induced cracking. S2. Sequential Welding: Welding equipment is used to weld multiple weld nodes of the frame assembly in a predetermined welding sequence. At the same time, fume purification and weld cooling treatment are carried out to reduce welding deformation and residual stress, effectively constrain welding deformation, evenly distribute welding internal stress, and reduce pollution of the working environment while accelerating the cooling efficiency of subsequent welds. S3. Multi-layer and multi-pass welding and stress control: Low-hydrogen welding materials are used for multi-layer and multi-pass welding during the welding process, and the interpass temperature is strictly controlled to ensure that it does not exceed the upper limit of the preheating temperature. Alkaline welding rods or CO2 gas shielded welding wires can be used for low-hydrogen welding materials. Low heat input specifications are adopted during welding, and the thickness of a single weld bead does not exceed 4mm, in order to refine the weld grain and reduce the total welding heat input, thereby controlling deformation and stress concentration. S4. Post-weld stress relief treatment: After all main welds are completed, the frame is subjected to overall stress relief heat treatment, specifically stress-relief annealing process, with a heating temperature of 550℃-650℃ and a holding time of 2-4 hours. Then, it is cooled in the furnace to below 300℃, removed from the furnace and air-cooled. After annealing, it also needs to undergo natural aging treatment for no less than 48 hours to further release residual stress, further stabilize the frame dimensions, and release microscopic residual stress.

[0037] S5. Quality Verification: After welding is completed, non-destructive testing is performed on the weld, including ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing. Simultaneously, the key geometric dimensions of the frame are verified, mainly including the flatness of key mounting surfaces, hole spacing accuracy, and overall diagonal dimensions, to ensure compliance with design accuracy requirements.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, the welding equipment used in step S2 includes a column 1, which is vertically arranged along four sides to form the main support frame of the equipment. First guide rails 2 are installed on the top of both the front and rear columns. A first motor 3 is installed on the front side of the right first guide rail. This motor drives a second guide rail 5 to move horizontally along the front-rear direction of the first guide rail via a first lead screw 4. The second guide rail is located between the two first guide rails. A second motor 6 is installed on the upper left side of the second guide rail. This motor drives a lifting module 8 to achieve horizontal movement via a second lead screw 7. A third motor 9 is installed on the lifting module. The moving seat 10 is used to drive the front side to adjust its position in the vertical direction. The bottom of the moving seat is fixed to the welding robot 11 by bolts, thereby realizing the robot's precise positioning and flexible operation in three-dimensional space. A multi-directional clamp 12 is provided between the bottom of the four columns for clamping, fixing and adjusting the workpiece of the frame at multiple angles, providing a stable and reliable working reference for welding. A fume absorption and filtration device 13 is installed on the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module 8 to absorb welding fume air, reduce pollution in the working environment, and at the same time, filter, purify and cool the fume air to improve the cooling efficiency of the weld.

[0039] Please seeFigure 3 In this embodiment, the multi-directional clamp 12 includes a base plate 121. The four sides of the base plate 121 are connected to the bottom of each column 1 to form a stable installation base. A base 122 is installed in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate 121. The base 122 is connected to the upper adjustment component 123 through an internal drive device to realize the rotation and tilt angle adjustment of the workpiece in the horizontal plane. A support plate 124 is installed on the top of the adjustment component 123. Clamping components 125 are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the support plate 124, and the clamping components 125 on each side are arranged in pairs to clamp and center the workpiece of the frame from both sides.

[0040] Please see Figures 4-5 In this embodiment, the adjustment component 123 includes a connecting plate 1231 and a locking rod 1237. The connecting plate 1231 is mounted on the center of the upper surface of the base 122 and can rotate relative to it to achieve horizontal rotation positioning of the workpiece. A receiving frame 1232 is fixed on it. A first servo motor 1233 is installed at the bottom of the receiving frame 1232, and its output end is connected to a first connecting arm 1234. The upper end of the first connecting arm 1234 is hinged to a second connecting arm 1235. The upper end of the second connecting arm 1235 is connected to the bottom of the receiving plate 124 through a connecting piece 1236, forming an adjustable tilting linkage mechanism for realizing the horizontal rotation positioning of the receiving plate 124 and the workpiece. Within a limited range of pitch and tilt adjustments, the bottom front and rear sides of the receiving plate 124 are fixed with locking rods 1237, and the front and rear sides of the receiving frame 1232 are provided with fixing blocks 1238, on which cylinders 1239 are installed. The cylinders 1239 drive the limiting plate 12310 to insert or withdraw into the fixing block 1238, thereby locking or releasing the locking rods 1237. The front and rear sides of the upper surface of the receiving frame 1232 are also provided with positioning blocks 12311, and positioning slots 12312 are opened on the positioning blocks 12311, which are used to lock one side of the locking rods 1237 when the angle of the receiving plate 124 is adjusted, so as to ensure the stability of the tilt adjustment process.

[0041] Please see Figure 6 In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 125 includes a second servo motor 1251, which is connected to one side of the receiving plate 124. The output end of the second servo motor 1251 is connected to a bidirectional stud 1252. The left and right sides of the bidirectional stud 1252 are threaded with moving plates 1253. The moving plates 1253 can move synchronously towards or away from each other along the upper surface of the receiving plate 124 to achieve flexible adjustment of the clamping width. The moving plates 1253 are provided with insertion posts 1254 on both sides inside. The insertion posts 1254 are covered with springs 1255 to form an elastic buffer structure to avoid damage to the workpiece surface or stress concentration caused by rigid clamping. The outer end of the insertion post 1254 is connected to the expansion clamp 1256 to transmit the clamping force to the workpiece.

[0042] Please see Figure 7In this embodiment, the extended clamp 1256 includes a clamping shell 12561, which is located on both sides of the upper end of the receiving plate 124 and is fixed to the outer end of the insertion post 1254. A third servo motor 12562 is installed at the bottom of the clamping shell 12561, and its output shaft is connected to a worm gear 12563. The worm gear 12563 meshes with a rack 12564, which is fixed to one side of the first transmission bar 12565. The worm gear transmission has self-locking properties, which can ensure the stability of the clamping state. The first transmission bar 12565 is slidably installed on the bottom of the clamping shell 12561, with its two sides... The first gear 12566 is not engaged with the two first gears 12566. Each first gear 12566 is hinged to the second connecting rod 12568 through the first connecting rod 12567, forming a linkage mechanism for amplifying and transmitting motion. The upper end of the second connecting rod 12568 is connected to the second gear 12569. The second gear 12569 is engaged with the second transmission bar 125610. The second transmission bar 125610 is slidably disposed below the auxiliary clamping bar 125611, thereby converting the rotational motion into the linear lifting motion of the auxiliary clamping bar 125611, realizing the expansion and increase of the clamping surface, enhancing the clamping stability and the scope of application.

[0043] Please see Figure 8 In this embodiment, the dust filtration and absorption device 13 includes a dust collection box 131, which is bolted to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module 8. A dust collection fan 132 is installed inside the dust collection box 131 to generate negative pressure to absorb the dust-laden fumes generated during the welding process. An air supply pipe 133 is connected to the left side of the dust collection box 131. The upper end of the air supply pipe 133 is connected to the multi-stage filter assembly 134. A sprocket assembly 135 is connected to the rear power output end of the dust collection fan 132. The upper end of the sprocket assembly 135 is connected to the moving assembly 136 for transmission, thereby transmitting the rotational power of the dust collection fan 132 to the moving assembly 136. The moving assembly 136 is installed on the top of the multi-stage filter assembly 134, and an exhaust pipe 137 is connected to its bottom. A nozzle 138 is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 137 to precisely guide the purified air to the weld area.

[0044] Please see Figure 9 In this embodiment, the multi-stage filtration assembly 134 includes a first connecting pipe 1341, a second connecting pipe 1342 bolted to the front of the first connecting pipe 1341, the lower end of the first connecting pipe 1341 being connected to the air supply pipe 133, and the lower end of the second connecting pipe 1342 being connected to the moving assembly 136. The first connecting pipe 1341 is detachably equipped with a filter pipe 1343 for graded filtration and purification of smoke and dust, and the second connecting pipe 1342 is detachably equipped with a cooling and dehumidifying pipe 1344 for cooling and dehumidifying the purified air, making it more suitable for weld cooling.

[0045] The filter tube 1343 includes a first tube body 13431, a second tube body 13433, and a third tube body 13435, which are detachably connected by bolts and installed as a whole inside the first tube body 1341. A stainless steel metal filter screen 13432 is installed inside the first tube body 13431, and the stainless steel metal filter screens 13432 are arranged in three equidistant groups from left to right. The internal pore size of the three groups of stainless steel metal filter screens 13432 gradually decreases from right to left, for intercepting large particles of smoke and dust. In addition to welding sparks, the second tube 13433 is equipped with a PTFE-coated polyester filter cartridge 13434, which has a serrated pleated design to capture finer dust particles and achieve high-efficiency filtration. The third tube 13435 is equipped with an activated carbon fiber filter 13436 to adsorb harmful gases and odors generated during welding. Through the synergistic effect of the three-stage filtration structure, the cleanliness of the exhaust air is ensured to meet the requirements for weld cooling. The cooling and dehumidifying pipe 1344 includes a fourth pipe body 13441, which is detachably installed inside one side of the second pipe 1342. Cooling plates 13442 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the right side of the fourth pipe body 13441 for forced cooling of the filtered clean air. A drying box 13443 is installed on the left side of the pipe body, which contains desiccant to remove moisture from the air and prevent condensation or corrosion of the weld during the cooling process.

[0046] Please see Figures 10-11 In this embodiment, the movable component 136 includes a bracket 1361, which is sleeved on the outside of the second pipe 1342 and can slide along its outer axial direction. Limiting strips 1362 are fixed to the left and right ends of the inner side of the bracket 1361. The limiting strips on both sides respectively engage with the outer side of the second pipe 1342 for limiting and sliding, thereby achieving circumferential limiting during the sliding process of the bracket 1361 and ensuring smooth movement. A corrugated pipe 1363 is installed in the middle of the lower end of the bracket 1361. The upper end of the corrugated pipe 1363 is connected to the lower end of the second pipe 1342, and the lower end is connected to the exhaust pipe 137. Connected to each other, the airflow channel is flexibly connected to adapt to the movement of the support. The top of the support 1361 is locked with a horizontal plate 1364, and a connecting shaft 1365 is installed in the middle of the horizontal plate. The lower end of the connecting shaft extends into the transmission groove 1366. The transmission groove 1366 is a circulating groove and is located on the outer side wall of the rotating drum 1367. The rotating drum 1367 is connected to the front side of the rotating shaft 1368. The rotating shaft 1368 is longitudinally installed on the upper end of the first pipe 1341 and the second pipe 1342, and its rear side is connected to the upper end of the sprocket assembly 135 for transmission.

[0047] The working principle of the welding equipment in this embodiment is as follows: Before welding begins, the hydraulic press frame workpiece to be welded is placed stably on the receiving plate 124 of the multi-directional clamp 12. Clamping components 125 are symmetrically arranged on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the receiving plate 124, and each clamping component 125 is arranged in pairs, enabling coordinated clamping of the workpiece from two directions. The second servo motor 1251 in the clamping component 125 is activated, driving the bidirectional stud 1252 to rotate, causing the moving plates 1253 on both sides to move synchronously towards each other along the surface of the receiving plate 124. The movement allows the extended clamp 1256 fixed on the moving plate 1253 to initially approach the workpiece. In each clamping assembly 125, the plug-in post 1254 and the spring 1255 form an elastic buffer mechanism. When an extended clamp 1256 contacts the workpiece surface, the spring 1255 can be compressed, causing the plug-in post 1254 to float within a certain range. This achieves adaptive clamping between the extended clamp 1256 and the workpiece surface, avoiding excessive local stress or improper clamping due to uneven workpiece surface or dimensional deviation. After initial alignment and clamping, the third servo motor 12562 in the extended fixture 1256 is started, driving the rack 12564 meshing with it through the worm gear 12563, which in turn drives the first transmission bar 12565 to slide along the bottom of the clamping shell 12561. The movement of the first transmission bar 12565 is converted into rotational motion through the first gears 12566 on both sides, and transmitted to the second gear 12569 through the linkage mechanism composed of the first connecting rod 12567 and the second connecting rod 12568. The second gear 12569 further drives the second transmission bar 125610 to move in the opposite direction, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the auxiliary clamping bar 125611, supplementing the clamping of the auxiliary support surface of the workpiece, forming a multi-directional and multi-layer clamping system to ensure that the workpiece does not shift or vibrate during the welding process. After the workpiece is clamped, the position of the workpiece is finely adjusted by adjusting component 123 according to the welding process requirements. The connecting plate 1231 can rotate horizontally on the base 122, driving the receiving frame 1232 and the workpiece above it to achieve rotational positioning in the horizontal plane. If tilt adjustment is required, the front or rear cylinder 1239 is activated, pushing the limiting plate 12310 connected to the output end into the fixing block 1238, and locking it with the locking rod 1237 provided on the front or rear side of the receiving plate 124. The front limiting plate 12310 realizes the locking rod 1237 of the front side. When the front positioning groove 12312 is locked, the first servo motor 1233 drives the linkage mechanism composed of the first connecting arm 1234 and the second connecting arm 1235 to move. The connecting piece 1236 drives the receiving plate 124 to rotate forward and adjust, so that the weld of the workpiece is in the best welding posture. If the rear limiting plate 12310 locks the rear locking rod 1237 with the rear positioning groove 12312, it will rotate backward and adjust. In this way, not only is the position of the workpiece stable during the welding process, but the workpiece is also in the best welding posture. After the workpiece is stably clamped and the angle is adjusted, the first motor 3 drives the second guide rail 5 to move horizontally along the first guide rail 2 via the first lead screw 4, thereby positioning the welding robot 11 in the front and back directions. The second motor 6 drives the lifting module 8 to move horizontally along the second guide rail 5 via the second lead screw 7, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the welding robot 11. The third motor 9 drives the moving seat 10 to move vertically along the lifting module 8, thereby setting the welding height. Through three-axis linkage control, the welding robot 11 can accurately reach the preset starting point of each weld seam and stably perform welding activities on the hydraulic press frame workpiece along the planned trajectory. At the same time, during the welding process, the welding robot 11 performs multi-layer and multi-pass welding on each weld seam node according to the preset program. Meanwhile, the control system monitors the interpass temperature in real time to ensure that it does not exceed the upper limit of the preheating temperature. With the use of low heat input specifications and low hydrogen welding materials, welding stress and deformation are minimized. Simultaneously with welding, the fume filtration and absorption device 13 is activated, and the dust extraction fan 132 generates negative pressure to draw in the dust-laden fumes generated during welding. The fumes enter the multi-stage filtration assembly 134 through the air supply pipe 133. The fumes first enter the filter pipe 1343, and then pass through multiple sets of stainless steel metal filter screens 13432 with progressively smaller pore sizes to intercept large particles of dust and sparks. The PTFE-coated polyester filter cartridge 13434 captures fine dust, and the activated carbon fiber filter screen 13436 adsorbs harmful gases and odors, achieving three-stage high-efficiency purification. The purified air enters the cooling and dehumidification pipe 1344, is first forcibly cooled by the cooling plate 13442, and then passes through the drying box 13443 to remove moisture, becoming low-temperature dry clean air. The purified air passes through the second pipe 1342, the corrugated pipe 1363, and the exhaust pipe 137, and is finally sprayed out by the nozzle 138 to precisely cool the weld seam after welding. Meanwhile, the power of the vacuum cleaner 132 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 1368 through the sprocket assembly 135, driving the rotating drum 1367 to rotate. The transmission groove 1366, which is a circulation groove on the outside of the rotating drum 1367, cooperates with the connecting shaft 1365 to convert the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear movement of the support 1361. As a result, the support 1361 drives the exhaust pipe 137 and the nozzle 138 to move back and forth along the weld direction, thereby increasing the weld cooling area and significantly improving the cooling efficiency. After the entire machine is welded, the multi-directional clamp 12 is released, and the frame is sent into the heat treatment equipment for stress-relieving annealing, followed by natural aging treatment. Finally, ultrasonic and magnetic particle non-destructive testing is performed on the weld, and the key installation dimensions of the frame are verified. Once all are qualified, the high-precision, low-stress welding manufacturing of the hydraulic press-stabilized frame is completed. Thus, through multi-degree-of-freedom adaptive clamping, precise adjustment of workpiece posture, three-axis robot collaborative operation, and integrated treatment of fume purification and weld cooling, the precise, stable, and efficient welding of large welded structural components is achieved.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding method for a stable frame of a hydraulic press, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preheating before welding: Preheat the entire base material area of ​​the bevel to be welded and the set width on both sides of it. The preheating temperature is controlled at 100℃-180℃. S2. Sequential welding: Using welding equipment, multiple weld joints of the frame assembly are welded in a predetermined welding sequence, and fume purification and weld cooling treatment are carried out in conjunction. S3. Multi-layer and multi-pass welding and stress control: During the welding process, low-hydrogen welding materials are used for multi-layer and multi-pass welding, and the interpass temperature of the weld is controlled to not exceed the upper limit of the preheating temperature. S4. Post-weld stress relief treatment: After all main welds are completed, the frame is subjected to overall stress relief heat treatment, followed by natural aging treatment for no less than 48 hours. S5. Quality Verification: Perform non-destructive testing on the welds and verify the geometric dimensions of the frame.

2. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding equipment in step S2 includes a column (1), which is vertically arranged along four sides. The top of the column (1) on both the front and rear sides is connected to a first guide rail (2). A first motor (3) is installed on the front side of the first guide rail (2) on the right side. The output end of the first motor (3) is connected to a first lead screw (4). The first lead screw (4) is connected to one side of a second guide rail (5). The second guide rail (5) is located between the two first guide rails (2) on both sides, and a second electric motor is provided on the left side of the upper end of the second guide rail (5). The machine (6) has a second lead screw (7) connected to the output end of the second motor (6), and a lifting module (8) is connected to the outside of the second lead screw (7). A third motor (9) is installed on the upper end of the lifting module (8), and a moving seat (10) is connected to the front side of the lifting module (8). A welding robot (11) is bolted to the bottom of the moving seat (10). A multi-directional clamp (12) is provided between the lower ends of the four columns (1). A smoke and dust absorption and filtration device (13) is installed on the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module (8).

3. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-directional clamp (12) includes a base plate (121), which is connected to the bottom of the column (1) on all four sides. A base (122) is installed in the middle of the upper end of the base plate (121). An adjustment component (123) is provided on the upper end of the base (122). A receiving plate (124) is connected to the top of the adjustment component (123). A clamping component (125) is provided on the upper end of the receiving plate (124).

4. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (123) includes a connecting plate (1231) and a locking rod (1237). The connecting plate (1231) is placed on the upper end of the base (122) and is connected to the middle of the upper end of the base (122) via transmission. A receiving frame (1232) is tightly attached to the upper end of the connecting plate (1231). A first servo motor (1233) is installed on one side of the bottom inside the receiving frame (1232). The output end of the first servo motor (1233) is connected to a first connecting arm (1234). The upper end of the first connecting arm (1234) is rotatably connected to a second connecting arm (1235). The upper end of the second connecting arm (1235) is connected to a connecting piece (1236). The connecting piece (1236) is installed at the bottom of the receiving plate (124), the snap-fit ​​rod (1237) is fixed on both sides of the bottom of the receiving plate (124), and the receiving frame (1232) is fixed with fixing blocks (1238) on both the front and rear sides. The upper end of the fixing block (1238) is provided with a cylinder (1239). The output end of the cylinder (1239) is connected to the limiting plate (12310), and the limiting plate (12310) is inserted into the fixing block (1238). The upper end of the receiving frame (1232) is fixed with positioning blocks (12311) on both the front and rear sides. The upper end of the positioning block (12311) is provided with a positioning groove (12312).

5. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (125) includes a second servo motor (1251), which is connected to one side of the receiving plate (124). The output end of the second servo motor (1251) is connected to a bidirectional stud (1252). Both sides of the bidirectional stud (1252) are threadedly connected to a movable plate (1253), and the movable plate (1253) is located on both sides of the upper end of the receiving plate (124). Both sides of the movable plate (1253) are inserted with plugs (1254), and springs (1255) are provided on the outside of the plugs (1254). The side of the plugs (1254) away from the movable plate (1253) is connected to the extension clamp (1256).

6. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extended clamp (1256) includes a clamping shell (12561), which is located on both sides of the upper end of the receiving plate (124). The outside of the clamping shell (12561) is fixed to the plug-in post (1254). A third servo motor (12562) is installed on one side of the bottom inside the clamping shell (12561). The output end of the third servo motor (12562) is connected to a worm gear (12563). A rack (12564) meshes with the outside of the worm gear (12563). The rack (12564) is fixed to one side of the outside of the first transmission bar (12565). The first transmission bar (12565) is slidably mounted on the clamping shell (12561). The bottom of the inner part is equipped with a first gear (12566) meshing on both sides of the first transmission bar (12565). A first connecting rod (12567) is installed on the outside of the first gear (12566). A second connecting rod (12568) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod (12567). A second gear (12569) is connected to the upper end of the second connecting rod (12568). The outside of the second gear (12569) meshes with the second transmission bar (125610). The second transmission bar (125610) is slidably mounted on the lower end of the auxiliary clamping bar (125611). The auxiliary clamping bar (125611) is located on the upper end of the clamping shell (12561).

7. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust filtration and absorption device (13) includes a dust collection box (131), which is bolted to the outer side of the lower end of the lifting module (8). A dust collection fan (132) is installed inside the dust collection box (131). An air supply pipe (133) is connected to the left side of the dust collection box (131). A multi-stage filter assembly (134) is connected to the top of the air supply pipe (133). A sprocket assembly (135) is connected to the rear power drive end of the dust collection fan (132). The upper end of the sprocket assembly (135) is connected to a moving assembly (136), and the moving assembly (136) is installed on the top of the multi-stage filter assembly (134). An exhaust pipe (137) is connected to the bottom of the moving assembly (136), and a nozzle (138) is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe (137).

8. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-stage filtration assembly (134) includes a first connecting pipe (1341), a second connecting pipe (1342) is bolted to the front side of the first connecting pipe (1341), and the lower ends of the first connecting pipe (1341) and the second connecting pipe (1342) are respectively connected to the air supply pipe (133) and the moving assembly (136). A filter pipe (1343) is installed inside the first connecting pipe (1341), and a cooling dehumidification pipe (1344) is installed inside the second connecting pipe (1342).

9. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter tube (1343) includes a first tube body (13431), which is placed inside the first connecting tube (1341). A stainless steel metal filter screen (13432) is installed inside the first tube body (13431). A second tube body (13433) is bolted to the side of the first tube body (13431), and a PTFE-coated polyester filter cartridge (13434) is provided inside the second tube body (13433). A third tube body (13435) is bolted to the side of the second tube body (13433), and an activated carbon fiber filter screen (13436) is installed inside the third tube body (13435). The first tube body (13431), the second tube body (13433), and the third tube body (13435) are detachably installed inside the first connecting tube (1341). The cooling and dehumidifying pipe (1344) includes a fourth pipe body (13441), which is detachably installed inside one side of the second connecting pipe (1342). Cooling plates (13442) are provided at both the upper and lower ends of one side of the fourth pipe body (13441), and a drying box (13443) is installed on the other side of the fourth pipe body (13441).

10. The welding method for a stable frame for a hydraulic press according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable component (136) includes a bracket (1361) sleeved on the outside of the second connecting pipe (1342). Limiting strips (1362) are fixed to both ends of the inner side of the bracket (1361), and the limiting strips (1362) slide relative to the outside of the second connecting pipe (1342). A corrugated pipe (1363) is installed at the lower middle of the bracket (1361). The upper and lower ends of the corrugated pipe (1363) are connected to the second connecting pipe (1342) and the exhaust pipe (137) respectively. 1) A horizontal plate (1364) is locked at the top. A connecting shaft (1365) is installed in the middle of the horizontal plate (1364). The lower end of the connecting shaft (1365) extends into the transmission groove (1366). The transmission groove (1366) is opened on the outside of the rotating drum (1367). The rotating drum (1367) is connected to the front side of the rotating shaft (1368). The rotating shaft (1368) is longitudinally installed on the upper end of the first connecting pipe (1341) and the second connecting pipe (1342). The rear side of the rotating shaft (1368) is connected to the upper end of the sprocket assembly (135).

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