Flexible machining center machine tool for structural parts

Abstract

The invention discloses a structural part flexible machining center machine tool which comprises a base and a portal frame, a horizontally-moving feeding mechanism is slidably connected to the portal frame, a vertically-moving spindle box is slidably connected to the feeding mechanism, a vertically-arranged first spindle is arranged in the spindle box and rotationally connected with the spindle box, and a second spindle is arranged in the first spindle and rotationally connected with the first spindle. A detachable conversion shaft mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the spindle box and comprises a machine box and a second spindle rotationally connected to the machine box, the second spindle is transversely arranged, and the first spindle and the second spindle are in transmission connection and used for driving the second spindle to rotate. The conversion shaft mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the first main shaft, a tool for transverse machining can be installed, transverse machining of a workpiece is achieved, the conversion shaft mechanism is disassembled, the tool is installed on the first main shaft, the workpiece can be vertically machined, and therefore the machining range of the machine tool is expanded, and parts can be conveniently machined and maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a flexible machining center for structural components. Background Technology

[0002] In today's global economic development, the scale of national infrastructure construction is expanding rapidly. Among these, steel structural components are playing an increasingly prominent role and are used in greater quantities, such as power transmission towers, bridge steel structures, building components, and molds.

[0003] In steel structure manufacturing plants, although the equipment for manufacturing steel structural components is fully equipped, when the manufacturing equipment malfunctions, it must be transported to other locations for repair, or it may be unable to complete the production of slightly different products. This often affects normal production and the development of new products. Purchasing expensive large-scale general-purpose equipment for this purpose would be wasteful, as it would remain idle and useless in the company's daily production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing equipment's single processing method cannot meet the diverse maintenance needs of scattered repair parts during equipment maintenance. The invention provides a flexible machining center for structural parts, which can complete multiple different processing operations on the same machine tool to meet different maintenance needs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A flexible machining center for structural components includes a base and a gantry slidably connected to the base. A horizontally moving feed mechanism is slidably connected to the gantry, and a vertically moving spindle head is slidably connected to the feed mechanism. A vertically arranged first spindle is disposed in the spindle head and is rotatably connected to the spindle head. A detachable conversion shaft mechanism is disposed at the lower end of the spindle head. The conversion shaft mechanism includes a housing and a second spindle rotatably connected to the housing. The second spindle is arranged laterally, and the first spindle is drively connected to the second spindle for driving the second spindle to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, in the conversion shaft mechanism, the housing is detachably connected to the bottom of the spindle housing. The housing has a hollow interior. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the housing. The upper end of the connecting rod passes through the housing and extends into the inner cavity of the first spindle, engaging with the first spindle. The lower end of the first spindle is located in the housing and is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear. The end of the second spindle is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are driven by gear meshing. An elastic ejection mechanism is provided inside the housing. The elastic ejection mechanism is located below the first bevel gear, and its upper end abuts against the lower end of the first bevel gear. The elastic ejection mechanism provides an upward elastic force to the first bevel gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic ejection mechanism includes a fixed cylinder, a movable cylinder, and a first compression spring. The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. A movable cylinder that moves up and down along the fixed cylinder is sleeved inside the fixed cylinder. The upper end of the movable cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower end of the first bevel gear through a thrust bearing. A first compression spring is provided inside the fixed cylinder. The upper end of the first compression spring abuts against the inner wall of the movable cylinder. The first compression spring pushes the movable cylinder upward.

[0009] Furthermore, a Morse taper is provided in the lower end inner hole of the first spindle, and the upper end outer wall of the connecting rod is provided as a Morse taper oblique cone surface, which is located in the taper hole and fits against the taper hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a flange plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spindle box, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing. A positioning hole is provided on the flange plate, and a positioning pin is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole. A fastening block is hinged to the side end of the connecting plate. The fastening block has an L-shaped structure. The upper end of the fastening block flips and fastens to the top of the flange plate. A screw is threaded to the upper end of the fastening block. A pressing plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw. The pressing plate clamps the upper end of the flange plate to clamp the flange plate and the connecting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the flange plate has an installation cavity located on one side of the positioning hole. A locking pin and a second compression spring are provided in the installation cavity. A locking hole is provided on the side wall of the positioning pin, and the end of the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole to lock the positioning pin. A slider is fixedly connected to the end of the locking pin away from the positioning pin. The slider is located in the installation cavity and slides along the inner wall of the installation cavity. The second compression spring is located on the side of the slider near the positioning pin. One end of the second compression spring abuts against the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end abuts against the slider, providing elastic force to the slider in the direction away from the positioning pin. A sliding inclined surface is provided on the upper end of the slider on the side away from the positioning pin. An extrusion block is slidably connected to the flange plate. The lower end of the extrusion block extends into the installation cavity, and an extrusion inclined surface is provided at the lower end of the extrusion block. The extrusion inclined surface fits against the sliding inclined surface. The extrusion block is located below the extrusion plate, and under the downward extrusion action of the extrusion block, the locking pin is forced into the positioning hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the screw is rotatably connected to a hinge shaft arranged radially along the screw, and the end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to a toggle rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly connected to the base. The baffle is located on both sides of the base near the vertical frame of the gantry frame. The baffle is used to block debris generated during the processing of workpieces on the base.

[0014] Furthermore, the base is provided with horizontally arranged first guide rails on both sides, the two side uprights of the gantry frame are slidably connected to the first guide rails, the side wall of the base is rotatably connected to the first lead screw, the gantry frame is connected to the first lead screw through lead screw transmission, the base is equipped with a first drive motor, the output shaft of the first drive motor is connected to the first lead screw through transmission and drives the first lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the gantry frame to move longitudinally;

[0015] The upper part of the gantry is fixedly connected to a second guide rail arranged horizontally. The feeding mechanism includes a base plate, which is slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second lead screw is rotatably connected to the gantry, and a lead screw drive is formed between the second lead screw and the base plate. A second drive motor is installed on the gantry. The output shaft of the second drive motor is connected to the end of the second lead screw and drives the second lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the feeding mechanism to move laterally.

[0016] A vertically arranged third guide rail is fixedly connected to the base plate. The spindle box is slidably connected to the third guide rail. A rotating third lead screw is mounted on the base plate, forming a lead screw drive with the spindle box. A third drive motor is mounted on the base plate. The output shaft of the third drive motor is driven by the third lead screw and drives the third lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the spindle box to move up and down. A spindle motor is mounted on the spindle box. The output shaft of the spindle motor is driven by the upper end of the first spindle and is used to drive the first spindle to rotate. Different drive mechanisms drive movement in different directions, realizing the X, Y, and Z axis movement of the spindle.

[0017] The present invention provides a flexible machining center for structural components, which has the following advantages: It solves the problem that during equipment maintenance, different parts require different processing depending on their damage, and the processing of these parts is often fragmented and done piece by piece, preventing mass production. Existing single-processing methods using different equipment result in high costs and equipment waste, failing to meet the diverse repair needs of various parts. By setting a conversion axis mechanism at the lower end of the first spindle, a tool for horizontal machining can be mounted on the second spindle, enabling horizontal machining of the workpiece. By removing the conversion axis mechanism and mounting a tool on the first spindle, vertical machining of the workpiece can be achieved, thus expanding the machine tool's processing range and facilitating the processing of repair parts. By flipping the clamping block onto the flange plate and tightening the extrusion plate with bolts, the conversion shaft mechanism can be locked to the bottom of the spindle box, maintaining structural stability. The flipping locking mechanism also makes locking easier and reduces operation time. The flange plate and the machine housing are positioned by locking pins to prevent misalignment of the first spindle and connecting rod from affecting transmission. While the extrusion plate clamps the flange plate, it moves the locking pin towards the positioning pin and inserts it into the positioning hole, making the connection more secure and operation more convenient. The overall structural system can adopt a modular structure, making the machine tool system very convenient to adjust and combine. Clamps, accessories, and cutting tools can be selected according to the parts being processed to form new machining hardware systems. This gives the machine tool great flexibility, making it adaptable. Changing the cutting tool can change the machine tool's machining capabilities; it can be used as a drilling machine or a milling machine. Changing the tool holder allows the machine tool to have boring capabilities. When a company's products change, the equipment can select different clamps, accessories, cutting tools, and software to form a new machining system, enabling automated production of new products—that is, it has the ability to change the product's machining system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the flexible machining center for structural components provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the flexible machining center for structural components provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure at part A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the flexible machining center machine tool for structural components provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a partial structure in part D;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible machining center machine tool for structural components provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial structural diagram of the connection between the central spindle box and the conversion shaft mechanism;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a partial structure in part B;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the local structure of part C in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Base; 11. First guide rail; 12. First lead screw; 13. First drive motor; 2. Gantry frame; 21. Second guide rail; 22. Second lead screw; 23. Second drive motor; 3. Feed mechanism; 31. Base plate; 32. Third guide rail; 33. Third lead screw; 34. Third drive motor; 4. Spindle box; 41. First spindle; 42. Flange plate; 43. Positioning hole; 44. Locking pin; 45. Second compression spring; 46. Slider; 47. Slide... 48. Moving inclined plane; 49. Extrusion block; 410. Extrusion inclined plane; 5. Main shaft motor; 51. Conversion shaft mechanism; 52. Machine box; 53. Second main shaft; 54. Connecting rod; 55. First bevel gear; 56. Second bevel gear; 57. Connecting plate; 58. Positioning pin; 59. Fastening block; 510. Screw; 511. Extrusion plate; 512. Locking hole; 6. Actuating rod; 6. Elastic ejection mechanism; 61. Fixed cylinder; 62. Moving cylinder; 63. First compression spring; 7. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, all directional indications (such as up-down-left-right-forward-backward...) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. The connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection.

[0032] like Figures 1-9 As shown, a flexible machining center for structural components includes a base 1 and a gantry 2 slidably connected to the base 1. A horizontally moving feed mechanism 3 is slidably connected to the gantry 2, and a vertically moving spindle box 4 is slidably connected to the feed mechanism 3. A vertically arranged first spindle 41 is disposed in the spindle box 4, and the first spindle 41 is rotatably connected to the spindle box 4. A detachable conversion shaft mechanism 5 is disposed at the lower end of the spindle box 4. The conversion shaft mechanism 5 includes a housing 51 and a second spindle 52 rotatably connected to the housing 51. The second spindle 52 is arranged laterally, and the first spindle 41 is drively connected to the second spindle 52 to drive the second spindle 52 to rotate. By setting a conversion shaft mechanism 5 at the lower end of the first spindle 41, the second spindle 52 can be equipped with tools for transverse machining, such as a tool head for countersinking vertical surfaces or a boring tool for transverse boring of workpieces. By removing the conversion shaft mechanism 5 and installing tools on the first spindle 41, vertical machining of workpieces can be performed, thereby expanding the machining range of the machine tool and facilitating the maintenance of parts.

[0033] In this embodiment, the housing 51 of the conversion shaft mechanism 5 is detachably connected to the bottom of the spindle housing 4. The interior of the housing 51 is a hollow structure. A connecting rod 53 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the housing 51. The upper end of the connecting rod 53 extends through the housing 51 into the inner cavity of the first spindle 41 and engages with the first spindle 41. The lower end of the first spindle 41 is located in the housing 51 and is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 54. The end of the second spindle 52 is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear 55. The second bevel gear 55 and the first bevel gear 54 are driven by gear meshing. An elastic ejection mechanism 6 is provided inside the housing 51. The elastic ejection mechanism 6 is located below the first bevel gear 54 and the upper end of the elastic ejection mechanism abuts against the lower end of the first bevel gear 54. The elastic ejection mechanism 6 provides an upward elastic force to the first bevel gear 54. The first spindle 41 is connected to the second spindle 52 via a connecting rod 53 through gear transmission, so that the first spindle 41 rotates under the drive of the spindle motor 410, which in turn drives the second spindle 52 to rotate. A cutting tool is installed on the second spindle 52, which then drives the cutting tool on the second spindle 52 to cut the workpiece.

[0034] In this invention, the elastic ejection mechanism 6 includes a fixed cylinder 61, a movable cylinder 62, and a first compression spring 63. The fixed cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 51. The movable cylinder 62, which moves up and down along the fixed cylinder 61, is fitted inside the fixed cylinder 61. The upper end of the movable cylinder 62 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the first bevel gear 54 via a thrust bearing. The first compression spring 63 is disposed inside the fixed cylinder 61, and its upper end abuts against the inner wall of the movable cylinder 62, pushing the movable cylinder 62 upwards. The elastic ejection mechanism 6 provides an upward thrust to the first bevel gear 54, thereby preventing the connecting rod 53 from loosening from the first main shaft 41. The movable cylinder 62 of the elastic ejection mechanism 6 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the first bevel gear 54, allowing the first bevel gear 54 to rotate freely.

[0035] Specifically, the lower end of the first spindle 41 has a Morse taper-shaped conical hole, and the upper end of the connecting rod 53 has a Morse taper-shaped inclined conical surface. The inclined conical surface is located in the conical hole and fits against it. The Morse taper-shaped inclined surface facilitates alignment and installation.

[0036] In this invention, a flange plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spindle box 4, and a connecting plate 56 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 51. A positioning hole 43 is provided on the flange plate 42, and a positioning pin 57 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 56. The positioning pin 57 is inserted into the positioning hole 43. A fastening block 58 is hinged to the side end of the connecting plate 56. The fastening block 58 has an L-shaped structure. The upper end of the fastening block 58 flips and fastens to the upper part of the flange plate 42. A screw 59 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the fastening block 58. A pressing plate 510 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw 59. The pressing plate 510 clamps the upper end of the flange plate 42 to clamp the flange plate 42 and the connecting plate 56. By flipping the fastening block 58 onto the flange plate 42 and tightening the pressing plate 510 with bolts, the conversion shaft mechanism 5 can be locked at the bottom of the spindle box 4, maintaining structural stability. The flipping and locking of the fastening block 58 makes locking more convenient and reduces operation time.

[0037] In this invention, the flange plate 42 has an installation cavity located on one side of the positioning hole 43. A locking pin 44 and a second compression spring 45 are provided in the installation cavity. A locking hole 511 is provided on the side wall of the positioning pin 57. The end of the locking pin 44 is inserted into the locking hole 511 to lock the positioning pin 57. A slider 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the locking pin 44 away from the positioning pin 57. The slider 46 is located in the installation cavity and slides along the inner wall of the installation cavity. The second compression spring 45 is located on the side of the slider 46 closer to the positioning pin 57. One end of the second compression spring 45... The second compression spring 45 abuts against the inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the other end of the second compression spring 45 abuts against the slider 46, providing elastic force to the slider 46 in the direction away from the positioning pin 57. The upper end of the slider 46 on the side away from the positioning pin 57 is provided with a sliding inclined surface 47. An extrusion block 48 is slidably connected to the flange plate 42. The lower end of the extrusion block 48 extends into the mounting cavity. The lower end of the extrusion block 48 is provided with an extrusion inclined surface 49. The extrusion inclined surface 49 fits against the sliding inclined surface 47. The extrusion block 48 is located below the extrusion plate 510 and, under the downward extrusion action of the extrusion block 48, the locking pin 44 is squeezed into the positioning hole 43. Flange plate 42 and housing 51 are positioned by locking pin 44 to prevent misalignment of the first spindle 41 and connecting rod 53 from affecting transmission and to ensure accurate reassembly of the first spindle 41 and second spindle 52. When the fastening block 58 is fastened to the flange plate 42 and the pressing plate 510 clamps the flange plate 42, the pressing plate 510 presses the pressing block 48, which in turn presses the slider 46. The slider 46 drives the locking pin 44 to move toward the positioning pin 57 and insert it into the positioning hole 43. The locking pin locks the positioning pin 57, making the connection more secure and the operation more convenient. During disassembly, by loosening the screw 59 and flipping the fastening block 58, the pressing plate 510 is disengaged from the flange plate 42. The second compression spring 45 pushes the locking pin 44 away from the positioning pin 57, disengaging the locking pin 44 from the positioning pin 57. This allows the housing 51 and its internal components to be separated from the spindle box 4, facilitating disassembly and replacement of the cutting method.

[0038] In this invention, the upper end of the screw 59 is rotatably connected to a hinge shaft arranged radially along the screw 59, and the end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to a lever 512. The lever 512 is used to rotate the screw 59, thereby turning the screw 59 downward so that the pressing plate 510 clamps the flange plate 42.

[0039] In this invention, a baffle 7 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The baffle 7 is located on both sides of the base 1 near the vertical frame of the gantry 2. The baffle 7 is used to block debris generated during the processing of workpieces on the base 1, thereby preventing foreign objects from entering the sliding area of ​​the gantry 2.

[0040] In this invention, the base 1 has horizontally arranged first guide rails 11 on both sides, and the two side uprights of the gantry frame 2 are slidably connected to the first guide rails 11. A first lead screw 12 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base 1, and the gantry frame 2 is connected to the first lead screw 12 via lead screw transmission. A first drive motor 13 is installed on the base 1, and the output shaft of the first drive motor 13 is tractively connected to the first lead screw 12 and drives the first lead screw 12 to rotate, thereby driving the gantry frame 2 to move longitudinally. A horizontally arranged second guide rail 21 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the gantry frame 2. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a base plate 31, which is slidably connected to the second guide rail 21. A second lead screw 22 is rotatably connected to the gantry frame 2, and a lead screw transmission is formed between the second lead screw 22 and the base plate 31. A second drive motor 23 is installed, the output shaft of which is connected to the end of a second lead screw 22 and drives the lead screw 22 to rotate, thereby driving the feed mechanism 3 to move laterally. A vertically arranged third guide rail 32 is fixedly connected to the base plate 31, and the spindle box 4 is slidably connected to the third guide rail 32. A rotating third lead screw 33 is installed on the base plate 31, and the third lead screw 33 and the spindle box 4 form a lead screw drive. A third drive motor 34 is installed on the base plate 31, the output shaft of which is connected to the third lead screw 33 and drives the lead screw 33 to rotate, thereby driving the spindle box 4 to move up and down. A spindle motor 410 is installed on the spindle box 4, and the output shaft of the spindle motor 410 is connected to the upper end of the first spindle 41 and is used to drive the first spindle 41 to rotate. By driving different directions through different drive mechanisms, the spindle can move along the X, Y, and Z axes.

[0041] This invention provides a flexible machining center for structural components. In use, by installing a conversion axis mechanism 5 and mounting a tool on the second spindle 52, horizontal spindle machining is achieved; by removing the conversion axis mechanism 5 and mounting a tool on the first spindle 41, vertical spindle machining is achieved. When the conversion axis mechanism 5 is installed, the upper end of the connecting rod 53 is inserted into the inner cavity of the first spindle 41, and the elastic ejection mechanism 6 keeps the connecting rod 53 connected to the first spindle 41. The positioning pin 57 engages with the positioning hole 43 to position the conversion axis mechanism 5 and the spindle box 4. The fastening block 58 is pressed onto the flange plate 42, and the screw 59 is tightened. The screw 59 moves downward, driving the pressing plate 510 to move downward and abut against the upper surface of the flange plate 42. The pressing plate 510 presses the flange plate 42... When clamped with the connecting plate 56, the pressing plate 510 moves downward, pressing the pressing block 48 downward. During the downward movement of the pressing block 48, the pressing inclined surface 49 and the sliding inclined surface 47 cooperate to move the locking pin 44 closer to the positioning pin 57, so that the locking pin 44 is inserted into the positioning hole 43, thereby locking the positioning pin 57, thus making the main spindle box 4 and the conversion shaft mechanism 5 firmly and stably connected. When disassembling, loosen the screw 59, flip the fastening block 58 outward, and the pressing block 48 automatically moves upward under the elastic force of the second compression spring 45. The locking pin 44 retracts into the installation cavity, so that the locking pin 44 automatically disengages from the positioning pin 57 and engages the locking of the positioning pin 57, thus facilitating the disassembly of the conversion shaft mechanism 5.

[0042] A drill bit, milling cutter, and boring tool are mounted on the first spindle 41, allowing for vertical drilling, milling, and boring of the workpiece mounted on the base 1. A second spindle 52 is mounted, and drill bits, milling cutters, and boring tools are mounted on it, allowing for horizontal drilling, milling, and boring of the workpiece fixed on the base 1. A horizontal rotary clamping device, such as a rotary chuck, is mounted on the base 1 to clamp the workpiece. A polishing wheel is mounted on the second spindle 52 (horizontal axis), which polishes the workpiece. The vertical surface is polished; by fixing the profile to be processed, such as angle steel, on the base 1, and installing a cutting tool on the horizontal second spindle 52, the profile can be cut; by removing the second spindle 52 and installing a drill bit on the first spindle 41, holes can be machined on the profile; the overall structure system can adopt a modular structure, making the machine tool system very convenient to adjust and combine; clamps, accessories, and cutting tools can be selected according to the parts being processed to form a new processing hardware system; giving the machine tool great flexibility, i.e., adaptability.

[0043] During the use of this invention, changing the cutting tool can alter the machine tool's processing capabilities. It can be used as a drilling machine or a milling machine. Changing the tool holder enables the machine tool to have boring capabilities. When a company's products change, the equipment can select different clamps, accessories, cutting tools, and software to form a new processing system based on the product form, enabling automated production of the new product. In other words, it has the ability to change the product processing system.

[0044] The parts not covered in this technical solution can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and characteristics of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flexible machining center for structural components, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1) and a gantry (2) slidably connected to the base (1). A horizontally moving feed mechanism (3) is slidably connected to the gantry (2). A vertically moving spindle box (4) is slidably connected to the feed mechanism (3). A vertically arranged first spindle (41) is provided in the spindle box (4). The first spindle (41) is rotatably connected to the spindle box (4). A detachable conversion shaft mechanism (5) is provided at the lower end of the spindle box (4). The conversion shaft mechanism (5) includes a housing (51) and a second spindle (52) rotatably connected to the housing (51). The second spindle (52) is arranged horizontally. The first spindle (41) and the second spindle (52) are connected in a transmission connection to drive the second spindle (52) to rotate.

2. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the conversion shaft mechanism (5), the housing (51) is detachably connected to the bottom of the spindle housing (4). The interior of the housing (51) is hollow. A connecting rod (53) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the housing (51). The upper end of the connecting rod (53) passes through the housing (51) and extends into the inner cavity of the first spindle (41) and engages with the first spindle (41). The lower end of the first spindle (41) is located in the housing (51) and is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (54). The end of the second spindle (52) is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear (55), and the second bevel gear (55) and the first bevel gear (54) are driven by gear meshing; the housing (51) is provided with an elastic ejection mechanism (6), which is located below the first bevel gear (54) and the upper end of the elastic ejection mechanism abuts against the lower end of the first bevel gear (54). The elastic ejection mechanism (6) provides an upward elastic force to the first bevel gear (54).

3. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic ejection mechanism (6) includes a fixed cylinder (61), a movable cylinder (62), and a first compression spring (63). The fixed cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (51). The movable cylinder (62) that moves up and down along the fixed cylinder (61) is sleeved inside the fixed cylinder (61). The upper end of the movable cylinder (62) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the first bevel gear (54) through a thrust bearing. The first compression spring (63) is provided inside the fixed cylinder (61). The upper end of the first compression spring (63) abuts against the inner wall of the movable cylinder (62). The first compression spring (63) pushes the movable cylinder (62) upward.

4. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the first spindle (41) has a Morse taper in the inner hole, and the upper end of the connecting rod (53) is set as a Morse taper oblique cone surface, which is located in the taper and fits against the taper.

5. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flange plate (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spindle box (4), and a connecting plate (56) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing (51). A positioning hole (43) is provided on the flange plate (42), and a positioning pin (57) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (56). The positioning pin (57) is inserted into the positioning hole (43). A fastening block (58) is hinged to the side end of the connecting plate (56). The fastening block (58) has an L-shaped structure. The upper end of the fastening block (58) is flipped and fastened to the upper part of the flange plate (42). A screw (59) is threaded to the upper end of the fastening block (58). A pressing plate (510) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw (59). The pressing plate (510) clamps the upper end of the flange plate (42) to clamp the flange plate (42) and the connecting plate (56).

6. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that: An installation cavity is provided on the flange plate (42), which is located on one side of the positioning hole (43). A locking pin (44) and a second compression spring (45) are provided in the installation cavity. A locking hole (511) is provided on the side wall of the positioning pin (57). The end of the locking pin (44) is inserted into the locking hole (511) to lock the positioning pin (57). A slider (46) is fixedly connected to the end of the locking pin (44) away from the positioning pin (57). The slider (46) is located in the installation cavity and slides along the inner wall of the installation cavity. The second compression spring (45) is located on the side of the slider (46) closer to the positioning pin (57). One end of the second compression spring (45) abuts against the mounting hole (43). On the inner wall of the cavity, the other end of the second compression spring (45) abuts against the slider (46) and provides elastic force to the slider (46) in the direction away from the positioning pin (57). The upper end of the slider (46) away from the positioning pin (57) is provided with a sliding inclined surface (47). A pressing block (48) is slidably connected to the flange plate (42). The lower end of the pressing block (48) extends into the cavity. The lower end of the pressing block (48) is provided with a pressing inclined surface (49). The pressing inclined surface (49) fits against the sliding inclined surface (47). The pressing block (48) is located below the pressing plate (510) and, under the downward pressing action of the pressing block (48), the locking pin (44) is squeezed into the positioning hole (43).

7. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the screw (59) is rotatably connected to a hinge shaft arranged radially along the screw (59), and the end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to a lever (512).

8. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (7) is fixedly connected to the base (1). The baffle (7) is located on both sides of the base (1) near the vertical frame of the gantry (2). The baffle (7) is used to block the debris generated by the processing of the workpiece on the base (1).

9. The flexible machining center for structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with horizontally arranged first guide rails (11) on both sides. The two side uprights of the gantry frame (2) are slidably connected to the first guide rails (11). The first lead screw (12) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base (1). The gantry frame (2) is connected to the first lead screw (12) by lead screw transmission. The base (1) is equipped with a first drive motor (13). The output shaft of the first drive motor (13) is connected to the first lead screw (12) and drives the first lead screw (12) to rotate, thereby driving the gantry frame (2) to move longitudinally. The upper part of the gantry (2) is fixedly connected to a second guide rail (21) arranged laterally. The feeding mechanism (3) includes a base plate (31). The base plate (31) is slidably connected to the second guide rail (21). A second lead screw (22) is rotatably connected to the gantry (2). A lead screw drive is formed between the second lead screw (22) and the base plate (31). A second drive motor (23) is installed on the gantry (2). The output shaft of the second drive motor (23) is connected to the end of the second lead screw (22) and drives the second lead screw (22) to rotate, thereby driving the feeding mechanism (3) to move laterally. A vertically arranged third guide rail (32) is fixedly connected to the base plate (31). The spindle box (4) is slidably connected to the third guide rail (32). A rotating third lead screw (33) is installed on the base plate (31). The third lead screw (33) and the spindle box (4) form a lead screw drive. A third drive motor (34) is installed on the base plate (31). The output shaft of the third drive motor (34) is driven to the third lead screw (33) and drives the third lead screw (33) to rotate, thereby driving the spindle box (4) to move up and down. A spindle motor (410) is installed on the spindle box (4). The output shaft of the spindle motor (410) is driven to the upper end of the first spindle (41) and is used to drive the first spindle (41) to rotate. By driving different directions through different drive mechanisms, the spindle can move along the X, Y, and Z axes.

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