Multi-mode intelligent protection battery changing cabinet

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a multi-mode intelligent protection battery changing cabinet. The multi-mode intelligent protection battery replacement cabinet comprises a cabinet body structure, a battery storage unit, a multi-mode monitoring module, an intelligent control module, an execution protection module, a communication module and a cloud management platform, and all the modules are connected in a circuit or wireless communication mode and work cooperatively to achieve safe operation and intelligent management and control of the battery replacement cabinet. According to the multi-mode intelligent protection battery changing cabinet, comprehensive perception of various safety risks in the running process of the battery changing cabinet is achieved, corresponding protection measures are triggered by conducting real-time analysis and intelligent decision making on multi-mode data, remote monitoring and operation and maintenance management of equipment are achieved through the Internet of Things, and the safety of the equipment is improved. Therefore, the problems of insufficient safety protection and low intelligent degree of the existing battery replacement cabinet are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery swapping equipment technology, and in particular to a multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy transportation industry, electric bicycles and electric motorcycles have become the mainstream means of short-distance urban travel due to their economic and convenient advantages. To solve the problems of long charging times and short battery range of electric vehicles, battery swapping stations have emerged, allowing users to quickly replace their batteries with fully charged ones, significantly improving travel efficiency.

[0003] Currently, most battery swapping cabinets on the market focus on "battery storage + basic power supply" as their core functions. Their protection design is relatively simple, mainly concentrated on electrical safety aspects such as overcurrent protection and short circuit protection, which is insufficient to cope with the diverse safety risks in complex usage scenarios. At the same time, the existing battery swapping cabinets have a low level of intelligence, relying heavily on manual inspections for equipment maintenance and safety monitoring. This not only results in high operation and maintenance costs but also leads to the problem of untimely detection of safety hazards.

[0004] Limited protection and incomplete coverage of safety risks: Existing battery swapping cabinets only provide basic protection against electrical faults in batteries and cannot effectively identify and handle non-electrical safety hazards, such as battery bulging, leakage, external impact, high temperature open flame, and illegal prying of cabinets, which can easily lead to safety accidents such as fires, battery explosions, and property damage.

[0005] Monitoring methods are outdated, and early warning of potential hazards is not timely: Most battery swapping cabinets adopt a "passive" monitoring mode, triggering the protection mechanism only after a fault occurs, lacking the ability to proactively predict and provide early warning of safety hazards. Although some equipment is equipped with a single sensor, the data acquisition accuracy is low and the false alarm rate is high, making it difficult to form a comprehensive safety monitoring closed loop.

[0006] Low level of intelligence and poor operation and maintenance efficiency: Monitoring the operation status of battery swapping cabinets, managing battery health, and troubleshooting largely rely on manual labor, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and slow response times. Furthermore, the lack of intelligent interaction capabilities with users and the operating platform makes it impossible to provide personalized services to users and hinders the operator from achieving refined management.

[0007] Poor environmental adaptability and limited application scenarios: The protection design of existing battery swapping cabinets does not fully consider the impact of different environmental factors. In harsh environments such as high temperature, high humidity, rainstorms, and dust, the equipment is prone to malfunctions and the protection performance is greatly reduced, which limits the promotion and application of battery swapping cabinets in complex scenarios such as outdoor and industrial parks.

[0008] To address the issues of insufficient safety protection and low level of intelligence in battery swapping cabinets, this invention proposes a multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a simple and efficient multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet.

[0010] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet includes a cabinet structure, a battery storage unit, a multimodal monitoring module, an intelligent control module, an execution protection module, a communication module, and a cloud management platform. The modules are connected through circuits or wireless communication to work together to achieve safe operation and intelligent management of the battery swapping cabinet. The cabinet structure adopts a modular and partitioned design, including independent battery storage compartments, equipment installation areas, and heat dissipation and ventilation areas. Each independent battery storage compartment corresponds to one battery storage unit, and the interior of the compartment is equipped with an insulating buffer layer to prevent damage to the battery due to collisions during storage and replacement. The cabinet is made of high-strength cold-rolled steel plate, with an anti-corrosion coating on the outside. The top is equipped with a rainproof and sunshade cover, and the bottom is equipped with drainage holes and an anti-slip base to improve the adaptability of the equipment to outdoor environments. The front of the cabinet is equipped with a touch screen and an identity recognition device for user interaction and identity verification. The battery storage unit includes a battery fixing mechanism, a conductive connection component, and a temperature and humidity control component. The conductive connection component integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a resistance sensor for real-time acquisition of battery electrical parameters. The battery fixing mechanism adopts an adaptive snap-on design, supporting compatibility with different models of electric vehicle batteries and ensuring stable battery installation. The conductive connection component uses an arc-proof plug and elastic contact structure, which has the functions of preventing mis-insertion and loosening, and at the same time collects the battery's electrical parameters in real time, including voltage, current and resistance. The temperature regulation component includes a miniature cooling fan and heating element, which automatically starts and stops according to the battery storage environment temperature, controlling the temperature inside the compartment at 15-35℃ and the humidity at 40%-85%RH, ensuring battery performance and safety.

[0011] The multimodal monitoring module, as the core monitoring unit of the present invention, integrates an electrical parameter monitoring unit, an environmental sensing unit, a physical safety monitoring unit, and a visual recognition unit to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the battery swapping cabinet and the battery. The electrical parameter monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a resistance sensor, and a leakage current detector. It collects the voltage, current, internal resistance changes, and leakage current during the battery charging / discharging process in real time. The parameter acquisition frequency is 10Hz, and the acquisition accuracy is ±0.5%. When the detected parameters exceed the preset threshold, it immediately sends an early warning signal to the intelligent control module. The environmental sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, and a gas detector. The monitoring range covers the inside of the cabinet and the surrounding 1m area. The temperature monitoring range is -20℃ to 80℃, and the humidity monitoring range is 0% to 100%RH. When the internal temperature of the cabinet is detected to be >40℃, the humidity is detected to be >85%RH, or there is smoke concentration >0.1mg / m³ or combustible gas leakage, an environmental warning is triggered. The physical safety monitoring unit includes a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, and a magnetic door switch. The vibration sensor is installed on the side wall of the cabinet to detect external impacts, triggering an alarm when the cabinet's vibration acceleration exceeds 5 m / s². The pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the battery storage compartment, detecting battery bulging by monitoring changes in battery weight, triggering an alarm when the detected battery weight change rate exceeds 5%. The magnetic door switch is linked to each compartment door, immediately sending a safety alarm when a compartment door is not closed or is illegally opened. The visual recognition unit includes a high-definition camera and an infrared thermal imager. The high-definition camera is installed on the front of the cabinet and in the internal passageway to collect user operation behavior and images inside the cabinet in real time. It uses AI algorithms to identify custom illegal operations (such as forcibly prying open the cabinet or illegally placing foreign objects). The infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the surface temperature distribution of the battery. When an abnormal increase in local temperature of the battery is detected, i.e., a single point temperature > 60℃ or a temperature gradient > 10℃ / s, the faulty battery is accurately located and an early warning is sent.

[0012] The intelligent control module, serving as the "core brain" of the battery swapping cabinet, includes an edge computing chip, a data processing unit, and a control logic unit. The edge computing chip adopts the ARM Cortex-A9 architecture and is equipped with a deep learning model based on the CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm, possessing efficient data processing capabilities to achieve multimodal data fusion analysis and risk level assessment. The intelligent control module realizes the fusion analysis and risk level assessment of multimodal data, and the process is as follows: (1) Data fusion processing It receives various types of data transmitted from the multimodal monitoring module, performs noise reduction processing on the data using the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate sensor false alarm interference, and then performs fusion analysis on the multi-dimensional data using a deep learning model (based on the CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm) to achieve accurate identification of safety hazards and risk level assessment. (2) Intelligent decision control The system automatically triggers corresponding control commands based on the risk level, and simultaneously sends emergency alerts to the cloud management platform and nearby maintenance personnel. (3) Equipment operation management It enables status monitoring and automatic scheduling of each module in the battery swapping cabinet, intelligent allocation of charging priority based on the remaining battery power, and adjustment of the heat dissipation / heating system operation status according to the ambient temperature and humidity to ensure optimal equipment operating efficiency.

[0013] The risk levels of the intelligent control module are divided into Level 1 warning, Level 2 alarm and Level 3 emergency fault. When Level 1 warning is triggered, an audible and visual prompt is activated. When Level 2 alarm is triggered, the power supply circuit of the corresponding compartment is cut off and the compartment door is closed. When Level 3 emergency fault is triggered, the main power supply is cut off, the fire extinguishing device and the smoke exhaust system are activated. The response time of the protective action is ≤10ms.

[0014] The execution protection module is responsible for executing specific protection actions according to the instructions of the intelligent control module, including electrical protection unit, physical protection unit and fire protection unit; The electrical protection unit includes a relay, a fuse, and a residual current device (RCD). When an electrical fault is detected, the relay quickly cuts off the fault circuit with a response time of <10ms. The fuse triggers fuse protection when the current exceeds a custom threshold. The RCD trips immediately when it detects a leakage current, forming multiple layers of electrical safety protection. The physical protection unit includes an electromagnetic lock and a pry-resistant mechanical lock; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent electromagnetic lock, which can only be opened after the user's identity is verified or the maintenance is authorized; the main door of the cabinet uses a pry-resistant mechanical lock, which, together with a door magnetic switch, achieves double physical protection to prevent the equipment from being illegally disassembled; The fire protection unit includes an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device and a smoke exhaust fan; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device on its top. When an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds a custom threshold, the fire extinguishing device will automatically activate and suppress the spread of fire within 3-5 seconds; the smoke exhaust fan is located on the top of the cabinet and will be activated in conjunction with the fire to quickly exhaust toxic fumes from the cabinet and reduce safety risks.

[0015] The communication module adopts a multi-mode communication method combining 5G, WiFi, and Bluetooth to realize bidirectional data transmission between the battery swapping cabinet and the cloud management platform, user terminals, and maintenance equipment. Among them, 5G communication is used to realize high-speed, low-latency transmission of massive monitoring data, with a transmission rate of ≥100Mbps and a latency of ≤20ms. The WiFi and Bluetooth modules are used for short-range data interaction, such as users using Bluetooth to quickly authenticate their identity for battery replacement, and maintenance personnel using WiFi to connect to the equipment for local debugging.

[0016] The cloud management platform is based on a cloud computing architecture and includes a real-time monitoring module, a remote operation and maintenance module, a user service module, and a data analysis module. The real-time monitoring module is used to receive the operating data and monitoring information uploaded by all battery swapping cabinets, and to display the equipment status, battery health and safety warnings through a visual interface, supporting single device query and batch management. The remote operation and maintenance module is responsible for automatically generating an operation and maintenance work order when the battery swapping cabinet malfunctions, and pushing it to nearby operation and maintenance personnel via the APP. The work order includes the fault location, fault type and handling suggestions. It also supports remote upgrades of equipment firmware and adjustment of operating parameters to reduce on-site operation and maintenance workload. The user service module is responsible for implementing user registration, identity verification, battery reservation, battery swapping record query and payment settlement functions, and also pushes battery safety usage tips and equipment failure notifications to users. The data analysis module is responsible for statistically analyzing the battery swapping cabinet's operation data and battery usage data based on big data technology, predicting battery life and equipment failure risks, and providing decision support for operators in equipment optimization and battery scheduling.

[0017] The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet of this invention has the following user battery swapping process: (1) Users initiate a battery swap request through the battery swap APP or cabinet touch screen and complete identity verification through face recognition, mobile phone verification code or Bluetooth authorization; (2) After the intelligent control module receives the verification information and passes the verification, it issues a command to open the electromagnetic lock of the battery storage compartment, and the user puts in the battery to be charged. (3) After the battery is placed, the physical safety monitoring unit detects the closed status of the compartment door, and the electrical parameter monitoring unit starts the battery parameter acquisition. If the battery is normal, the intelligent control module issues an instruction to open the battery storage compartment where the fully charged battery is located. (4) When the user removes the fully charged battery, the compartment automatically closes and locks, and the cloud management platform completes the fee settlement and sends a battery swap success notification to the user.

[0018] The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet of this invention has the following safety protection process: (1) The multimodal monitoring module collects electrical parameters, environmental data, physical status and image information in real time and transmits them to the intelligent control module; (2) The intelligent control module performs data fusion analysis to determine whether there are any safety hazards and risk levels; If it is a Level 1 warning, the cabinet's audio and visual alerts will be activated, and a warning message will be sent to the cloud platform. If it is a Level 2 alarm, the power supply to the faulty compartment will be cut off, the compartment door will be locked, and an alarm notification will be sent. If it is a Level 3 emergency fault, the main power supply will be cut off immediately, the fire extinguishing device and smoke exhaust system will be activated, and an emergency alarm will be sent to the cloud platform, maintenance personnel, and the fire department. (3) After troubleshooting, the maintenance personnel can reset the equipment status through authorization, and the battery swapping cabinet will resume normal operation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet realizes comprehensive perception of various safety risks during the operation of the battery swapping cabinet, triggers corresponding protection measures through real-time analysis and intelligent decision-making of multimodal data, and realizes remote monitoring and operation and maintenance management of the equipment through the Internet of Things, thereby solving the problems of insufficient safety protection and low level of intelligence of existing battery swapping cabinets. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet of the present invention.

[0022] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery storage unit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] This multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet includes a cabinet structure, a battery storage unit, a multimodal monitoring module, an intelligent control module, an execution protection module, a communication module, and a cloud management platform. The modules are connected through circuits or wireless communication to work together to achieve safe operation and intelligent management of the battery swapping cabinet. The cabinet structure adopts a modular and partitioned design, including independent battery storage compartments, equipment installation areas, and heat dissipation and ventilation areas. Each independent battery storage compartment corresponds to one battery storage unit, and the interior of the compartment is equipped with an insulating buffer layer to prevent damage to the battery due to collisions during storage and replacement. The cabinet is made of high-strength cold-rolled steel plate, with an anti-corrosion coating on the outside. The top is equipped with a rainproof and sunshade cover, and the bottom is equipped with drainage holes and an anti-slip base to improve the adaptability of the equipment to outdoor environments. The front of the cabinet is equipped with a touch screen and an identity recognition device for user interaction and identity verification. The battery storage unit includes a battery fixing mechanism, a conductive connection component, and a temperature and humidity control component. The conductive connection component integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a resistance sensor for real-time acquisition of battery electrical parameters. The battery fixing mechanism adopts an adaptive snap-on design, supporting compatibility with different models of electric vehicle batteries and ensuring stable battery installation. The conductive connection component uses an arc-proof plug and elastic contact structure, which has the functions of preventing mis-insertion and loosening, and at the same time collects the battery's electrical parameters in real time, including voltage, current and resistance. The temperature regulation component includes a miniature cooling fan and heating element, which automatically starts and stops according to the battery storage environment temperature, controlling the temperature inside the compartment at 15-35℃ and the humidity at 40%-85%RH, ensuring battery performance and safety.

[0025] The multimodal monitoring module, as the core monitoring unit of the present invention, integrates an electrical parameter monitoring unit, an environmental sensing unit, a physical safety monitoring unit, and a visual recognition unit to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the battery swapping cabinet and the battery. The electrical parameter monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a resistance sensor, and a leakage current detector. It collects the voltage, current, internal resistance changes, and leakage current during the battery charging / discharging process in real time. The parameter acquisition frequency is 10Hz, and the acquisition accuracy is ±0.5%. When the detected parameters exceed the preset thresholds (such as voltage > 48V, current > 10A, leakage current > 5mA), it immediately sends an early warning signal to the intelligent control module. The environmental sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, and a gas detector. The monitoring range covers the inside of the cabinet and the surrounding 1m area. The temperature monitoring range is -20℃ to 80℃, and the humidity monitoring range is 0% to 100%RH. When the internal temperature of the cabinet is detected to be >40℃, the humidity is detected to be >85%RH, or there is a smoke concentration >0.1mg / m³ or a combustible gas leak (such as methane concentration >0.5%), an environmental warning is triggered. The physical safety monitoring unit includes a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, and a magnetic door switch. The vibration sensor is installed on the side wall of the cabinet to detect external impacts, triggering an alarm when the cabinet's vibration acceleration exceeds 5 m / s². The pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the battery storage compartment, detecting battery bulging by monitoring changes in battery weight, triggering an alarm when the detected battery weight change rate exceeds 5%. The magnetic door switch is linked to each compartment door, immediately sending a safety alarm when a compartment door is not closed or is illegally opened. The visual recognition unit includes a high-definition camera and an infrared thermal imager. The high-definition camera is installed on the front of the cabinet and in the internal passageway to collect user operation behavior and images inside the cabinet in real time. It uses AI algorithms to identify custom illegal operations (such as forcibly prying open the cabinet or illegally placing foreign objects). The infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the surface temperature distribution of the battery. When an abnormal increase in local temperature of the battery is detected, i.e., a single point temperature > 60℃ or a temperature gradient > 10℃ / s, the faulty battery is accurately located and an early warning is sent.

[0026] The intelligent control module, serving as the "core brain" of the battery swapping cabinet, includes an edge computing chip, a data processing unit, and a control logic unit. The edge computing chip adopts the ARM Cortex-A9 architecture and is equipped with a deep learning model based on the CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm, possessing efficient data processing capabilities to achieve multimodal data fusion analysis and risk level assessment. The intelligent control module realizes the fusion analysis and risk level assessment of multimodal data, and the process is as follows: (1) Data fusion processing It receives various types of data transmitted from the multimodal monitoring module, performs noise reduction processing on the data using the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate sensor false alarm interference, and then performs fusion analysis on the multi-dimensional data using a deep learning model (based on the CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm) to achieve accurate identification of safety hazards and risk level assessment. (2) Intelligent decision control The system automatically triggers corresponding control commands based on the risk level, and simultaneously sends emergency alerts to the cloud management platform and nearby maintenance personnel. (3) Equipment operation management It enables status monitoring and automatic scheduling of each module in the battery swapping cabinet, intelligent allocation of charging priority based on the remaining battery power, and adjustment of the heat dissipation / heating system operation status according to the ambient temperature and humidity to ensure optimal equipment operating efficiency.

[0027] The risk levels of the intelligent control module are divided into Level 1 warning, Level 2 alarm and Level 3 emergency fault. When Level 1 warning is triggered, an audible and visual prompt is activated. When Level 2 alarm is triggered, the power supply circuit of the corresponding compartment is cut off and the compartment door is closed. When Level 3 emergency fault is triggered, the main power supply is cut off, the fire extinguishing device and the smoke exhaust system are activated. The response time of the protective action is ≤10ms.

[0028] The execution protection module is responsible for executing specific protection actions according to the instructions of the intelligent control module, including electrical protection unit, physical protection unit and fire protection unit; The electrical protection unit includes a relay, a fuse, and a residual current device (RCD). When an electrical fault is detected, the relay quickly cuts off the fault circuit with a response time of <10ms. The fuse triggers fuse protection when the current exceeds a custom threshold. The RCD trips immediately when it detects a leakage current, forming multiple layers of electrical safety protection. The physical protection unit includes an electromagnetic lock and a pry-resistant mechanical lock; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent electromagnetic lock, which can only be opened after the user's identity is verified or the maintenance is authorized; the main door of the cabinet uses a pry-resistant mechanical lock, which, together with a door magnetic switch, achieves double physical protection to prevent the equipment from being illegally disassembled; The fire protection unit includes an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device and a smoke exhaust fan; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device on its top. When an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds a custom threshold, the fire extinguishing device will automatically activate and suppress the spread of fire within 3-5 seconds; the smoke exhaust fan is located on the top of the cabinet and will be activated in conjunction with the fire to quickly exhaust toxic fumes from the cabinet and reduce safety risks.

[0029] The communication module adopts a multi-mode communication method combining 5G, WiFi, and Bluetooth to realize bidirectional data transmission between the battery swapping cabinet and the cloud management platform, user terminals, and maintenance equipment. Among them, 5G communication is used to realize high-speed, low-latency transmission of massive monitoring data, with a transmission rate of ≥100Mbps and a latency of ≤20ms. The WiFi and Bluetooth modules are used for short-range data interaction, such as users using Bluetooth to quickly authenticate their identity for battery replacement, and maintenance personnel using WiFi to connect to the equipment for local debugging.

[0030] The cloud management platform is based on a cloud computing architecture and includes a real-time monitoring module, a remote operation and maintenance module, a user service module, and a data analysis module. The real-time monitoring module is used to receive the operating data and monitoring information uploaded by all battery swapping cabinets, and to display the equipment status, battery health and safety warnings through a visual interface, supporting single device query and batch management. The remote operation and maintenance module is responsible for automatically generating an operation and maintenance work order when the battery swapping cabinet malfunctions, and pushing it to nearby operation and maintenance personnel via the APP. The work order includes the fault location, fault type and handling suggestions. It also supports remote upgrades of equipment firmware and adjustment of operating parameters to reduce on-site operation and maintenance workload. The user service module is responsible for implementing user registration, identity verification, battery reservation, battery swapping record query and payment settlement functions, and also pushes battery safety usage tips and equipment failure notifications to users. The data analysis module is responsible for statistically analyzing the battery swapping cabinet operation data and battery usage data based on big data technology, predicting battery life (prediction accuracy ≥90%) and equipment failure risks, and providing decision support for equipment optimization and battery scheduling for operators.

[0031] The user battery swapping process for this multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet is as follows: (1) Users initiate a battery swap request through the battery swap APP or cabinet touch screen and complete identity verification through face recognition, mobile phone verification code or Bluetooth authorization; (2) After the intelligent control module receives the verification information and passes the verification, it issues a command to open the electromagnetic lock of the battery storage compartment, and the user puts in the battery to be charged. (3) After the battery is placed, the physical safety monitoring unit detects the closed status of the compartment door, and the electrical parameter monitoring unit starts the battery parameter acquisition. If the battery is normal, the intelligent control module issues an instruction to open the battery storage compartment where the fully charged battery is located. (4) When the user removes the fully charged battery, the compartment automatically closes and locks, and the cloud management platform completes the fee settlement and sends a battery swap success notification to the user.

[0032] The safety protection process for this multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet is as follows: (1) The multimodal monitoring module collects electrical parameters, environmental data, physical status and image information in real time and transmits them to the intelligent control module; (2) The intelligent control module performs data fusion analysis to determine whether there are any safety hazards and risk levels; If it is a Level 1 warning, the cabinet's audio and visual alerts will be activated, and a warning message will be sent to the cloud platform. If it is a Level 2 alarm, the power supply to the faulty compartment will be cut off, the compartment door will be locked, and an alarm notification will be sent. If it is a Level 3 emergency fault, the main power supply will be cut off immediately, the fire extinguishing device and smoke exhaust system will be activated, and an emergency alarm will be sent to the cloud platform, maintenance personnel, and the fire department. (3) After troubleshooting, the maintenance personnel can reset the equipment status through authorization, and the battery swapping cabinet will resume normal operation. Example

[0033] In a certain application scenario, the equipment selection and assembly are implemented first, as follows: Cabinet structure: It is made of 1.5mm thick cold-rolled steel plate welded together, and the exterior is coated with epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating. The dimensions are 1800mm (height) × 800mm (width) × 600mm (depth). The interior is divided into 12 independent battery compartments, each with dimensions of 300mm × 200mm × 400mm.

[0034] Multimodal monitoring module: Voltage / current sensor uses ACS712 series, accuracy ±1%; temperature / humidity sensor uses DHT11, measurement range 0-50℃, 20%-90%RH; smoke sensor uses MQ-2, sensitivity ≥0.1mg / m³; high-definition camera uses 2-megapixel CMOS camera; infrared thermal imager uses FLIR Lepton 3.5; vibration sensor uses ADXL345, measurement range ±16g.

[0035] Intelligent control module: The edge computing chip is NVIDIA Jetson Nano, which runs on Linux and integrates a CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm model; the data processing unit uses an STM32H743 microcontroller to realize sensor data acquisition and command output.

[0036] The protection module is designed as follows: the electromagnetic lock is a DC12V electromagnetic lock with a pulling force ≥500N; the aerosol fire extinguishing device is an S-type aerosol fire extinguisher with a fire extinguishing efficiency ≥99%; and the smoke exhaust fan is a 12V DC fan with an air volume ≥100m³ / h.

[0037] Communication module: Huawei MH5000-31 5G module is used, supporting 5G NR SA / NSA dual mode; WiFi module is ESP8266, and Bluetooth module is HC-05.

[0038] Secondly, complete the software system deployment as follows: Edge computing algorithm: The CNN-LSTM fusion model is trained based on the TensorFlow framework. The input data is time-series data (electrical parameters, temperature, humidity, vibration value, etc.) collected by multimodal sensors. The output is the risk level and fault type. The model training set contains 100,000 sets of normal operation data and 50,000 sets of fault data, and the recognition accuracy reaches 98.5%.

[0039] Cloud-based management platform: Deployed on Alibaba Cloud ECS servers, the front end uses the Vue.js framework to develop the visual interface, the back end uses the Spring Boot framework to develop business logic, and the database uses MySQL to store device data and user information, supporting the simultaneous online management of more than 10,000 battery swapping cabinets.

[0040] User App: Supports iOS and Android systems, and features functions such as user registration, facial recognition, battery swap reservation, and payment. It also synchronizes data with the cloud platform in real time.

[0041] Finally, the performance test was completed, as follows: Performance tests were conducted on the deployed multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet. Test scenarios included normal operation, battery failure simulation, external damage simulation, and extreme environment testing. The test results are as follows: Normal operation test: The equipment runs continuously for 720 hours, each module works stably, data transmission latency is ≤15ms, the average battery swapping process takes 45 seconds, and the user operation success rate is 100%.

[0042] Battery fault simulation: Simulates battery overcharge (voltage rises to 55V), short circuit, bulging and other faults. The equipment can accurately identify these faults within 3-8 seconds and trigger corresponding protective measures. The fault identification accuracy rate is 100%.

[0043] External damage simulation: Simulates acts such as forcibly prying open the cabinet and impacting the cabinet. The physical security monitoring unit immediately triggers an alarm, and the electromagnetic lock and mechanical lock remain locked, with no damage to the equipment.

[0044] Extreme environment test: The equipment operated normally in environments with low temperature of -20℃, high temperature of 80℃, and high humidity of 90%RH. The temperature regulation system stabilized the cabin temperature at 20-30℃, and the battery charging efficiency did not decrease significantly.

[0045] This multimodal intelligent protective battery swapping cabinet can be modularly adjusted according to actual application scenarios. For example, considering the large size of electric motorcycle batteries, the battery compartment size can be increased, and a battery fixing mechanism with stronger load-bearing capacity can be selected. For cold northern regions, an insulation layer can be added to the outside of the cabinet to increase the heating power of the temperature regulation components. For high-density operation scenarios, the number of battery compartments can be increased to 24, increasing the battery swapping capacity of the equipment. All adjustments do not depart from the core concept and scope of protection of this invention.

[0046] Compared with existing technologies, this multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet has the following characteristics: (1) Comprehensive protection dimensions By integrating multimodal monitoring methods such as electrical, environmental, physical, and visual monitoring, it achieves comprehensive coverage of various safety risks such as battery failure, environmental anomalies, and external damage. Compared with the existing single-protection battery swapping cabinet, the safety hazard identification rate is increased to over 99%, and the incidence of safety accidents such as fires and explosions is reduced by 80%, significantly improving safety performance.

[0047] (2) Outstanding intelligent prediction ability By using deep learning algorithms to fuse and analyze multimodal data, potential hazards such as battery bulging and localized overheating can be predicted 5-10 minutes in advance, upgrading from "passive response" to "proactive early warning," allowing sufficient time for fault handling, significantly reducing safety risks, and achieving proactive protection.

[0048] (3) Improved operation and maintenance efficiency The cloud-based management platform enables remote monitoring, fault warning, and batch maintenance of battery swapping cabinets, reducing the frequency of manual inspections by more than 80%. Based on data analysis, battery life prediction and equipment fault prediction can be used to schedule maintenance plans in advance, reducing equipment repair costs by 30%-50% and lowering operating costs.

[0049] (4) Strong environmental adaptability The cabinet is designed to be corrosion-resistant, rainproof, and dustproof. With the temperature and humidity adaptive adjustment system, it can operate stably in environments ranging from -20℃ to 80℃ and 0% to 100%RH. It is suitable for various scenarios such as outdoor residential areas, industrial parks, and commercial districts, thus expanding the scope of application of battery swapping cabinets.

[0050] (5) User experience optimization Through multi-mode communication and intelligent interaction design, it achieves rapid user identity verification and simplifies the battery swapping process (battery swapping time ≤ 60 seconds). At the same time, through battery health monitoring and safety prompts, it improves service quality, thereby enhancing user safety and satisfaction.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely one specific implementation of the present invention. Ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet, characterized in that: It includes a cabinet structure, battery storage unit, multi-modal monitoring module, intelligent control module, execution protection module, communication module and cloud management platform. The modules are connected through circuit or wireless communication to work together to achieve safe operation and intelligent management of the battery swapping cabinet. The cabinet structure adopts a modular partition design, including an independent battery storage compartment, an equipment installation area, and a heat dissipation and ventilation area. Each independent battery storage compartment corresponds to one battery storage unit. The compartment is equipped with an insulating buffer layer to prevent damage to the battery due to collision during storage and replacement. The exterior of the cabinet is equipped with an anti-corrosion coating, a rainproof and sunshade cover on the top, and drainage holes and an anti-slip base on the bottom. The front of the cabinet is equipped with a touch screen and an identity recognition device for user interaction and identity verification. The battery storage unit includes a battery fixing mechanism, a conductive connection component, and a temperature and humidity control component. The conductive connection component integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a resistance sensor for real-time acquisition of battery electrical parameters. The multimodal monitoring module integrates an electrical parameter monitoring unit, an environmental sensing unit, a physical safety monitoring unit, and a visual recognition unit to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the battery swapping cabinet and batteries. The intelligent control module includes an edge computing chip, a data processing unit, and a control logic unit. The edge computing chip adopts the ARM Cortex-A9 architecture and is equipped with a deep learning model based on the CNN-LSTM fusion algorithm, which is used to realize the fusion analysis of multimodal data and risk level assessment. The execution protection module is responsible for executing specific protection actions according to the instructions of the intelligent control module, including electrical protection unit, physical protection unit and fire protection unit; The communication module adopts a multi-mode communication method combining 5G, WiFi and Bluetooth to realize bidirectional data transmission between the battery swapping cabinet and the cloud management platform, user terminals and maintenance equipment. The cloud management platform is based on a cloud computing architecture and includes a real-time monitoring module, a remote operation and maintenance module, a user service module, and a data analysis module. The real-time monitoring module is used to receive the operating data and monitoring information uploaded by all battery swapping cabinets, and to display the equipment status, battery health and safety warnings through a visual interface, supporting single device query and batch management. The remote operation and maintenance module is responsible for automatically generating operation and maintenance work orders when the battery swapping cabinet malfunctions, and pushing them to operation and maintenance personnel via the APP. The work orders include the location of the malfunction, the type of malfunction, and handling suggestions. It also supports remote upgrades of equipment firmware and adjustments to operating parameters to reduce on-site operation and maintenance workload. The user service module is responsible for implementing user registration, identity verification, battery reservation, battery swapping record query and payment settlement functions, and also pushes battery safety usage tips and equipment failure notifications to users. The data analysis module is responsible for statistically analyzing the battery swapping cabinet's operation data and battery usage data based on big data technology, predicting battery life and equipment failure risks, and providing decision support for operators in equipment optimization and battery scheduling.

2. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery fixing mechanism adopts an adaptive snap-on design, supporting compatibility with different models of electric vehicle batteries and ensuring stable battery installation. The conductive connection component uses an arc-proof plug and elastic contact structure, which has the functions of preventing mis-insertion and loosening, and at the same time collects the battery's electrical parameters in real time, including voltage, current and resistance. The temperature regulation component includes a miniature cooling fan and heating element, which automatically starts and stops according to the battery storage environment temperature, controlling the temperature inside the compartment at 15-35℃ and the humidity at 40%-85%RH, ensuring battery performance and safety.

3. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical parameter monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a resistance sensor, and a leakage current detector. It collects the voltage, current, internal resistance changes, and leakage current during the battery charging / discharging process in real time. The parameter acquisition frequency is 10Hz, and the acquisition accuracy is ±0.5%. When the detected parameters exceed the preset threshold, it immediately sends an early warning signal to the intelligent control module. The environmental sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, and a gas detector. The monitoring range covers the inside of the cabinet and the surrounding 1m area. The temperature monitoring range is -20℃ to 80℃, and the humidity monitoring range is 0% to 100%RH. When the internal temperature of the cabinet is detected to be >40℃, the humidity is detected to be >85%RH, or there is smoke concentration >0.1mg / m³ or combustible gas leakage, an environmental warning is triggered. The physical safety monitoring unit includes a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, and a magnetic door switch. The vibration sensor is installed on the side wall of the cabinet to detect external impacts, triggering an alarm when the cabinet's vibration acceleration exceeds 5 m / s². The pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the battery storage compartment, detecting battery bulging by monitoring changes in battery weight, triggering an alarm when the detected battery weight change rate exceeds 5%. The magnetic door switch is linked to each compartment door, immediately sending a safety alarm when a compartment door is not closed or is illegally opened. The visual recognition unit includes a high-definition camera and an infrared thermal imager. The high-definition camera is installed on the front of the cabinet and in the internal passage to collect user operation behavior and images inside the cabinet in real time, and to identify custom illegal operations through AI algorithms. The infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the surface temperature distribution of the battery. When an abnormal increase in local temperature of the battery is detected, i.e., a single point temperature > 60℃ or a temperature gradient > 10℃ / s, the faulty battery is located and an early warning is sent.

4. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module realizes the fusion analysis and risk level assessment of multimodal data, and the process is as follows: (1) Data fusion processing It receives various types of data transmitted from the multimodal monitoring module, performs noise reduction processing on the data through the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate sensor false alarm interference, and then performs fusion analysis on the multi-dimensional data through a deep learning model to achieve accurate identification of safety hazards and risk level assessment. (2) Intelligent decision control The system automatically triggers corresponding control commands based on the risk level, and simultaneously sends emergency alerts to the cloud management platform and nearby maintenance personnel. (3) Equipment operation management It enables status monitoring and automatic scheduling of each module in the battery swapping cabinet, intelligent allocation of charging priority based on the remaining battery power, and adjustment of the heat dissipation / heating system operation status according to the ambient temperature and humidity to ensure optimal equipment operating efficiency.

5. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The risk levels of the intelligent control module are divided into Level 1 warning, Level 2 alarm and Level 3 emergency fault. When Level 1 warning is triggered, an audible and visual prompt is activated. When Level 2 alarm is triggered, the power supply circuit of the corresponding compartment is cut off and the compartment door is closed. When Level 3 emergency fault is triggered, the main power supply is cut off, the fire extinguishing device and the smoke exhaust system are activated. The response time of the protective action is ≤10ms.

6. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical protection unit includes a relay, a fuse, and a residual current device (RCD). When an electrical fault is detected, the relay quickly cuts off the fault circuit with a response time of <10ms. The fuse triggers fuse protection when the current exceeds a custom threshold. The RCD trips immediately when it detects a leakage current, forming multiple layers of electrical safety protection. The physical protection unit includes an electromagnetic lock and a pry-resistant mechanical lock; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent electromagnetic lock, which can only be opened after the user's identity is verified or the maintenance is authorized; the main door of the cabinet uses a pry-resistant mechanical lock, which, together with a door magnetic switch, achieves double physical protection to prevent the equipment from being illegally disassembled; The fire protection unit includes an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device and a smoke exhaust fan; each battery storage compartment is equipped with an independent aerosol fire extinguishing device on its top. When an open flame is detected or the temperature exceeds a custom threshold, the fire extinguishing device will automatically activate and suppress the spread of fire within 3-5 seconds; the smoke exhaust fan is located on the top of the cabinet and will be activated in conjunction with the fire to quickly exhaust toxic fumes from the cabinet and reduce safety risks.

7. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The user battery swapping process is as follows: (1) Users initiate a battery swap request through the battery swap APP or cabinet touch screen and complete identity verification through face recognition, mobile phone verification code or Bluetooth authorization; (2) After the intelligent control module receives the verification information and passes the verification, it issues a command to open the electromagnetic lock of the battery storage compartment, and the user puts in the battery to be charged. (3) After the battery is placed, the physical safety monitoring unit detects the closed status of the compartment door, and the electrical parameter monitoring unit starts the battery parameter acquisition. If the battery is normal, the intelligent control module issues an instruction to open the battery storage compartment where the fully charged battery is located. (4) When the user removes the fully charged battery, the compartment automatically closes and locks, and the cloud management platform completes the fee settlement and sends a battery swap success notification to the user.

8. The multimodal intelligent protection battery swapping cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The security protection process is as follows: (1) The multimodal monitoring module collects electrical parameters, environmental data, physical status and image information in real time and transmits them to the intelligent control module; (2) The intelligent control module performs data fusion analysis to determine whether there are any safety hazards and risk levels; If it is a Level 1 warning, the cabinet's audio and visual alerts will be activated, and a warning message will be sent to the cloud platform at the same time. If it is a Level 2 alarm, the power supply to the faulty compartment will be cut off, the compartment door will be locked, and an alarm notification will be sent; if it is a Level 3 emergency fault, the main power supply will be cut off immediately, the fire extinguishing equipment and smoke exhaust system will be activated, and an emergency alarm will be sent to the cloud platform, maintenance personnel, and fire department. (3) After troubleshooting, the maintenance personnel can reset the equipment status through authorization, and the battery swapping cabinet will resume normal operation.

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