R-series speed reducer with load self-adaption function

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of speed reducers, and provides an R-series speed reducer with a load self-adaption function, which comprises a shell, an input component and an output component are mounted on the shell, the input component is meshed with the output component, an auxiliary output component is movably connected to the input component, and the auxiliary output component is meshed with the output component. The other end of the auxiliary output assembly is connected with the output assembly, when the load is increased, the auxiliary output assembly increases the torque of the output assembly, an overload protection assembly is arranged on the output assembly, and the position of the overload protection assembly moves along with the change of the load. The device solves the problem that an overload protection structure cannot achieve self-recovery and guarantee improvement of transmission torque at the same time, the threshold value of the output torque is increased through the auxiliary output assembly and the overload protection assembly, overload protection is achieved at the same time, parts do not need to be replaced frequently, and use is convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer technology, and more specifically, to an R-series speed reducer with load adaptive function. Background Technology

[0002] R-series reducers are helical gear reducers with hardened tooth surfaces, belonging to the general-purpose reduction devices in the industrial transmission field. They reduce speed and increase output torque through gear transmission, and are widely used in equipment requiring speed reduction or high torque in various industries. During the operation of the reducer, mechanical loads may exceed the rated range or there may be connection problems such as power supply issues, i.e., the reducer may become overloaded, leading to damage to transmission components or the motor. Therefore, reducers commonly found on the market are usually equipped with overload protection mechanisms.

[0003] Common overload protection devices typically include shear type, friction type, and spring type.

[0004] Among them, the shearing type has a shearing pin installed on the shaft. When the load exceeds the set value, the shearing pin will be sheared, thereby cutting off the power transmission and realizing overload protection. However, its shearing force is relatively fixed and not easy to adjust. Moreover, after cutting, a new shearing pin needs to be replaced to restore the operation, which is more cumbersome to use. Friction-type transmission transmits torque through friction. When the load exceeds the set friction force, relative sliding occurs between the transmission components, thereby limiting power transmission and achieving overload protection. It can automatically resume transmission after the overload is removed. However, long-term use will cause wear on the friction plates, which need to be replaced regularly. Spring-type transmissions use the elastic force of a spring to limit the transmission of torque. When the load exceeds the set value, the spring will deform, causing relative displacement between transmission components and cutting off the power transmission. Its structure is simple, but because the elastic force is limited and changes with temperature, it is only suitable for applications with low speed and low torque, and its reliability is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an R-series reducer with load self-adaptation function that can adapt to a large torque range, can recover on its own, and does not require frequent replacement of parts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An R-series reducer with load adaptive function includes a housing, on which an input component and an output component are mounted. The input component meshes with the output component. An auxiliary output component is movably connected to the input component, and the other end of the auxiliary output component is connected to the output component. When the load increases, the auxiliary output component increases the torque of the output component. An overload protection component is provided on the output component, and the position of the overload protection component moves with the load change. By adjusting the output torque of the reducer within a certain range through the auxiliary output component, the load that the reducer can bear is increased, and the occurrence of overload is reduced. At the same time, the overload protection component can interrupt transmission in the event of overload, realizing the protection function.

[0007] The invention is further configured such that: the input component includes an input shaft and a gear shaft; the auxiliary output component includes a movable shaft one; one end of the movable shaft one is provided with a tooth three; one end of the input shaft inside the housing is correspondingly provided with a tooth one; both tooth one and tooth three are wedge-shaped structures and mesh with each other; tooth one and tooth three transmit torque through the wedge-shaped surface; the other end of the movable shaft one is a connecting end two; the connecting end two is movably connected to the gear shaft; a transition piece is provided on the movable shaft one; the other end of the transition piece is connected to a driving piece; the driving piece is connected to the output component; both the transition piece and the driving piece can realize bidirectional conversion between linear motion and circular motion; when the torque on the input shaft increases, the mating surface of tooth one and tooth three shifts, that is, the movable shaft one can move axially; the movable shaft one increases the torque on the output component through the transition piece and the driving piece. Further configuration: the second connecting end is a polygonal column, a connecting groove is correspondingly provided on the end face of the gear shaft, the second connecting end is slidably connected to the first connecting groove, a spring is provided between the second connecting end and the bottom of the first connecting groove, a friction disc is provided on the first movable shaft, and the friction disc can abut against the adapter when the input shaft pushes the first movable shaft; Further configured as follows: the adapter includes a bushing, the bushing is rotatably sleeved on a movable shaft, a bracket is fixed on the housing base, the bushing is rotatably mounted on the bracket, a flywheel is provided on the bushing, the flywheel is an eccentric wheel, a driven ring is sleeved on the outer side of the flywheel, a slide rail is provided on the housing cover, the upper and lower sides of the driven ring are slidably connected to the slide rail and the bracket respectively, and the driving component is connected to the driven ring; During normal operation, the friction disc does not contact the flywheel, meaning the flywheel is in a free state. At this time, the output component drives the drive component to move, and the drive component drives the flywheel to rotate through the driven ring. When the torque on the input shaft increases to the set value, tooth three and tooth one move in opposite directions along the axial direction. Movable shaft one drives the friction disc to abut against flywheel one. At this time, flywheel one is driven by the input shaft, and the driving component is the output end. The additional torque added to the output component by the driving component can increase the output load of the reducer.

[0008] Further configured as follows: the driving component includes a second flywheel, the second flywheel is an eccentric wheel, the second flywheel is fixed on the transmission shaft of the output component, the long end of the second flywheel is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the driven ring, the housing is provided with a second bracket, and the transmission shaft is rotatably mounted on the second bracket.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the output component includes a drive shaft and an output shaft, a drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft, the drive gear meshes with the input component, the overload protection component connects the drive shaft and the output shaft, and when the torque on the output shaft is overloaded, the overload protection component disconnects the drive shaft from the output shaft; Further configured as follows: the overload protection component includes a second movable shaft, one end of which is provided with a fourth tooth, and the shaft end of the transmission shaft is correspondingly provided with a second tooth. The second tooth and the fourth tooth mesh with each other. Both the second tooth and the fourth tooth are wedge-shaped structures. The second tooth and the fourth tooth transmit torque through the wedge-shaped surface. The other end of the second movable shaft is provided with a second connecting groove. One end of the output shaft inside the housing is provided as a first connecting end. The first connecting end is a polygonal columnar structure. The first connecting end and the second connecting groove are connected by a sliding interference fit. A second spring is provided between the first connecting end and the bottom of the second connecting groove. When the load on the output shaft exceeds a certain value, the shaft body heats up severely, the elastic force of spring two decreases, and tooth two overcomes the elastic force of spring two and the friction between connecting end one and connecting groove two to push movable shaft two towards the output shaft. Movable shaft two maintains a state of disconnection from the transmission shaft under the action of friction, so as to achieve transmission interruption. Once the overload problem is resolved and the shaft temperature drops, the elastic force of spring two recovers until it can overcome the friction on the connecting end one and push the movable shaft two back to its original position, at which point the transmission is restored.

[0010] The advantages of this invention are: 1. An auxiliary output component is set between the input component and the output component. When the torque exceeds the preset value of the spring, the friction disc and the flywheel come into contact. At this time, the input component drives the auxiliary output component to run through friction, and the auxiliary output component drives the output component to rotate. That is, there is an additional torque acting on the output component, thereby increasing the maximum torque that the reducer can output and reducing the overload rate. 2. An overload protection component is provided on the output shaft, which is different from the spring-type protection structure in the existing technology. It is equipped with an interference-fit connecting groove two and connecting end one. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of spring two is greater than the frictional force between connecting groove two and connecting end one. The elastic force and frictional force work together to limit the overload threshold, thereby increasing the load threshold on the output shaft. When the elastic force and frictional force act in opposite directions, it restores the transmission. That is, it can simultaneously achieve overload protection and transmission restoration without replacing parts. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For along Figure 1 The cross-sectional view along line AA is shown below; Figure 3 This is a top view of the transmission component mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For along Figure 3 The BB line cross-section shown; Figure 5 For along Figure 3 The CC line cross-section shown; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of part D shown; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The main view shown; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the movable shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second movable shaft structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Housing base; 12. Housing cover; 13. Slide rail; 14. Bracket 1; 15. Bracket 2; 2. Input component; 21. Input shaft; 211. Gear 1; 23. Gear shaft; 231. Connecting groove 1; 3. Output component; 31. Drive shaft; 311. Gear 2; 32. Drive gear; 33. Output shaft; 331. Connecting end 1; 4. Auxiliary output component; 41. Movable shaft 1; 411. Connecting end 2; 412. Gear 3; 413. Friction disc; 414. Spring 1; 42. Adapter; 421. Bushing; 422. Flywheel 1; 423. Driven ring; 43. Drive component; 431. Flywheel 2; 432. Connecting rod; 5. Overload protection component; 51. Movable shaft 2; 511. Gear 4; 512. Connecting groove 2; 52. Spring 2. Detailed Implementation

[0012] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Please see Figure 1-10 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: An R-series reducer with load adaptive function includes a housing 1, on which an input component 2 and an output component 3 are mounted. The input component 2 and the output component 3 mesh with each other to form the transmission component of the reducer. An auxiliary output component 4 is movably connected to the input component 2. The other end of the auxiliary output component 4 is connected to the output component 3. When the load increases, the input component 2 drives the auxiliary output component 4. The output end of the auxiliary output component 4 acts on the output component 3, thereby increasing the torque of the output component 3, raising the threshold of the overall output torque of the reducer, and thus reducing the overload occurrence rate. The output component 3 is equipped with an overload protection component 5. When the output component 3 is overloaded, the overload protection component 5 is pushed, which blocks the transmission of the output component 3, thereby realizing overload protection. After the overload is released, the overload protection component 5 automatically resets, thus enabling the transmission to be restored by itself.

[0014] The input component 2 includes an input shaft 21 and a gear shaft 23. The auxiliary output component 4 includes a movable shaft 41. One end of the movable shaft 41 is provided with a tooth 412. One end of the input shaft 21 inside the housing 1 is provided with a tooth 211. Both the tooth 211 and the tooth 412 are wedge-shaped structures and mesh with each other. The tooth 211 and the tooth 412 transmit torque through the wedge-shaped surface. The other end of the movable shaft 41 is the connecting end 411, which is movably connected to the gear shaft 23. The connecting end 411 is a polygonal column. A connecting groove 231 is correspondingly opened on the end face of the gear shaft 23. The connecting end 411 is slidably connected to the connecting groove 231. A spring 414 is provided between the connecting end 411 and the bottom of the groove 231. A friction disc 413 is provided on the movable shaft 41. A converter 42 is sleeved on the movable shaft 41. The other end of the converter 42 is connected to a drive component 43. The drive component 43 is connected to the output component 3. Both the converter 42 and the drive component 43 can realize bidirectional conversion between linear motion and circular motion. When the torque on the input shaft 21 exceeds the preset value, a relative displacement occurs between tooth 211 and tooth 412. Tooth 211 overcomes the elastic force of spring 414 and pushes the movable shaft 41, causing the friction disc 413 to abut against the adapter 42. At this time, the input shaft 21 can drive the adapter 42 to rotate. The adapter 42 applies torque to the output component 3 through the drive component 43, thereby increasing the torque on the output component 3, increasing the maximum load of the reducer, and reducing the overload rate.

[0015] The adapter 42 includes a bushing 421, which is rotatably sleeved on the movable shaft 41. A bracket 14 is fixed on the housing seat 11 of the housing 1. The bushing 421 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 14. A flywheel 422 is provided on the bushing 421. The flywheel 422 is an eccentric wheel. A driven ring 423 is sleeved on the outer side of the flywheel 422. A slide rail 13 is provided on the housing cover 12 of the housing 1. The upper and lower sides of the driven ring 423 are slidably connected to the slide rail 13 and the bracket 14, respectively. The driving component 43 is connected to the driven ring 423. The drive component 43 includes a second flywheel 431, which is an eccentric wheel. The second flywheel 431 is fixed on the drive shaft 31 of the output component 3. The long end of the second flywheel 431 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 432. The other end of the connecting rod 432 is rotatably connected to the driven ring 423. A second bracket 15 is provided inside the housing 1, and the drive shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the second bracket 15. The circular motion on the input shaft 21 is converted into linear motion by the adapter 42, and then restored to circular motion by the drive 43 and applied to the output component 3. By configuring the deflection direction of flywheel 1 422 and flywheel 2 431, the direction of motion can be changed to adapt to different rotation directions on the input shaft 21 and the output component 3.

[0016] Output component 3 includes drive shaft 31 and output shaft 33. Drive gear 32 is mounted on drive shaft 31 and meshes with input component 2. Overload protection component 5 connects drive shaft 31 and output shaft 33. When the torque on output shaft 33 is overloaded, overload protection component 5 disconnects drive shaft 31 and output shaft 33. The overload protection component 5 includes a second movable shaft 51, one end of which is provided with a fourth tooth 511, and the shaft end of the transmission shaft 31 is correspondingly provided with a second tooth 311. The second tooth 311 and the fourth tooth 511 mesh with each other. Both the second tooth 311 and the fourth tooth 511 are wedge-shaped structures. The second tooth 311 and the fourth tooth 511 transmit torque through the wedge-shaped surface. The other end of the second movable shaft 51 is provided with a second connecting groove 512. One end of the output shaft 33 inside the housing 1 is provided as a first connecting end 331. The first connecting end 331 is a polygonal columnar structure. The first connecting end 331 and the second connecting groove 512 are connected by a sliding interference fit. A second spring 52 is provided between the first connecting end 331 and the bottom of the second connecting groove 512. An interference-fit connection end 331 and a connection groove 512 are added to the second spring 52. The elastic force of the second spring 52 is greater than the frictional force between the first connection end 331 and the second connection groove 512. When overloaded, the second tooth 311 needs to overcome the synergistic effect of the second spring 52 and the frictional force to achieve transmission disconnection, which increases the torque threshold on the output shaft 33 and can be applied to a larger torque range. After the overload abnormality is handled, the second spring 52 recovers and can push the movable shaft 51 to reset, thereby realizing automatic transmission recovery.

[0017] Needless to say, the solution in this application includes a lubrication and cooling mechanism in a conventional manner.

[0018] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Under normal conditions, the torque on the input shaft 21 is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the spring 414 to push the movable shaft 41 to the designated position. At this time, the flywheel 422 is not in contact with the input component 2, and the output component 3 drives the drive component 43 to move. The drive component 43 drives the adapter 42 to move freely on the bracket 14 and the slide rail 13. When the torque on the input shaft 21 exceeds the range, the tooth 211 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 414 and pushes the movable shaft 41 to move, causing the friction disc 413 to abut against the flywheel 422. The input shaft 21 drives the adapter 42 to run through the friction disc 413. The adapter 42 acts on the transmission shaft 31 through the drive component 43, thereby increasing the torque on the transmission shaft 31, which increases the maximum output torque of the reducer and reduces the occurrence of overload. The friction disc 413 and the flywheel 422 only make frictional contact when the torque on the shaft exceeds a certain value, resulting in less wear, less damage, and less need for frequent replacement of parts.

[0019] The preset elastic force of spring 52 is greater than the frictional force between connecting end 331 and connecting groove 512. Under normal conditions, the movable shaft 51 abuts against the transmission shaft 31 under the elastic force of spring 52. When the torque on the shaft increases, it is necessary to overcome the combined force of spring 52 and the frictional force between connecting end 331 and connecting groove 512 to disconnect the shaft. Compared with the conventional spring structure, the threshold of torque on the shaft is increased. When the torque on the output shaft 33 exceeds a certain range, or when it operates under high load for a long time, the transmission components heat up rapidly. Under the action of high temperature, the elastic force of spring 2 52 decreases until the thrust of spring 2 52 on movable shaft 2 51 is less than the friction between connecting end 1 331 and connecting groove 2 512. The combined force of spring 2 52 and the friction between connecting end 1 331 and connecting groove 2 512 decreases, and the torque on the transmission shaft 31 can easily overcome the combined force. This causes tooth 2 311 to push movable shaft 2 51 towards the output shaft 33 side through tooth 4 511 until the transmission shaft 31 and the output shaft 33 are separated. At this time, the position of movable shaft 2 51 is relatively fixed under the action of friction between connecting end 1 331 and connecting groove 2 512, which can maintain the disconnection state of the transmission, thereby realizing overload protection. When the overload abnormality disappears or the reducer temperature drops after a certain period of time, the elasticity of spring 2 52 recovers, so that the thrust of spring 2 52 on movable shaft 2 51 can overcome the friction between connecting end 1 331 and connecting groove 2 512. At this time, spring 2 52 pushes movable shaft 2 51 to move towards the transmission shaft 31 until tooth 4 511 and tooth 2 311 are fully engaged, and the transmission is restored by itself.

[0020] Specifically, an auxiliary output component 4 is provided between the input component 2 and the output component 3. When the torque exceeds the preset value of the spring 414, the friction disc 413 abuts against the flywheel 422. At this time, the input component 2 drives the auxiliary output component 4 to run through friction, and the auxiliary output component 4 drives the output component 3 to rotate. That is, there is an additional torque acting on the output component 3, thereby increasing the maximum torque that the reducer can output and reducing the overload rate. An overload protection component 5 is provided on the output shaft 33. Unlike the spring-type protection structure in the prior art, it is equipped with an interference-connected connecting groove 2 512 and connecting end 1 331. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of spring 2 52 is greater than the frictional force between connecting groove 2 512 and connecting end 1 331. The elastic force and frictional force work together to limit the overload threshold, thereby increasing the load threshold on the output shaft 33. When the elastic force and frictional force act in opposite directions, it restores the transmission. That is, overload protection and transmission restoration can be achieved simultaneously without replacing parts.

[0021] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

Claims

1. An R-series reducer with load adaptive function, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: An input component (2) and an output component (3) are installed on the housing (1). The input component (2) and the output component (3) are engaged. An auxiliary output component (4) is movably connected to the input component (2). The other end of the auxiliary output component (4) is connected to the output component (3). When the load increases, the auxiliary output component (4) increases the torque of the output component (3). An overload protection component (5) is provided on the output component (3). The position of the overload protection component (5) moves with the load.

2. The R-series speed reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input component (2) includes an input shaft (21) and a gear shaft (23). The auxiliary output component (4) includes a movable shaft (41). One end of the movable shaft (41) is provided with a toothed gear (412). One end of the input shaft (21) inside the housing (1) is correspondingly provided with a toothed gear (211). Both the toothed gear (211) and the toothed gear (412) are wedge-shaped structures and mesh with each other. The toothed gear (211) and the toothed gear (412) are connected by... The wedge-shaped surface transmits torque. The other end of the first movable shaft (41) is the second connecting end (411). The second connecting end (411) is movably connected to the gear shaft (23). The first movable shaft (41) is provided with a converter (42). The other end of the converter (42) is connected to a drive (43). The drive (43) is connected to the output component (3). Both the converter (42) and the drive (43) can realize bidirectional conversion between linear motion and circular motion.

3. The R-series reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting end (411) is a polygonal column, and a connecting groove (231) is correspondingly provided on the end face of the gear shaft (23). The second connecting end (411) is slidably connected to the first connecting groove (231). A spring (414) is provided between the bottom of the groove of the second connecting end (411) and the first connecting groove (231). A friction disk (413) is provided on the first movable shaft (41). When the input shaft (21) pushes the first movable shaft (41), the friction disk (413) can abut against the adapter (42).

4. The R-series reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adapter (42) includes a bushing (421), which is rotatably sleeved on the movable shaft (41). A bracket (14) is fixed on the housing seat (11) of the housing (1). The bushing (421) is rotatably mounted on the bracket (14). A flywheel (422) is provided on the bushing (421). The flywheel (422) is an eccentric wheel. A driven ring (423) is sleeved on the outer side of the flywheel (422). A slide rail (13) is provided on the cover (12) of the housing (1). The upper and lower sides of the driven ring (423) are slidably connected to the slide rail (13) and the bracket (14) respectively. The driving component (43) is connected to the driven ring (423).

5. The R-series reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive component (43) includes a second flywheel (431), which is an eccentric wheel. The second flywheel (431) is fixed on the drive shaft (31) of the output component (3). The long end of the second flywheel (431) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (432). The other end of the connecting rod (432) is rotatably connected to the driven ring (423). A second bracket (15) is provided inside the housing (1), and the drive shaft (31) is rotatably mounted on the second bracket (15).

6. The R-series reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output component (3) includes a drive shaft (31) and an output shaft (33). A drive gear (32) is mounted on the drive shaft (31). The drive gear (32) meshes with the input component (2). The overload protection component (5) connects the drive shaft (31) and the output shaft (33). When the torque on the output shaft (33) is overloaded, the overload protection component (5) disconnects the drive shaft (31) from the output shaft (33).

7. The R-series reducer with load adaptive function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The overload protection component (5) includes a second movable shaft (51), one end of which is provided with a fourth tooth (511), and the shaft end of the transmission shaft (31) is correspondingly provided with a second tooth (311). The second tooth (311) and the fourth tooth (511) mesh with each other. Both the second tooth (311) and the fourth tooth (511) are wedge-shaped structures. The second tooth (311) and the fourth tooth (511) transmit torque through the wedge-shaped surface. The other end of the second movable shaft (51) is provided with a second connecting groove (512). One end of the output shaft (33) inside the housing (1) is provided as a first connecting end (331). The first connecting end (331) is a polygonal columnar structure. The first connecting end (331) and the second connecting groove (512) are connected by a sliding interference fit. A second spring (52) is provided between the bottom of the first connecting end (331) and the second connecting groove (512).

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