Thermal management water-cooling condenser, design method and new energy automobile
By setting turbulence protrusions in the condenser channel and controlling their shape using the Bernstein-Bézier polynomial, the problem of uneven refrigerant flow in traditional condensers is solved, achieving uniform heat exchange and efficient heat transfer in the condenser.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional condensers in new energy vehicles tend to form stable liquid films or laminar boundary layers during refrigerant flow, leading to a decrease in heat transfer coefficient, a large temperature gradient along the flow direction in the condensation section, low condensation efficiency in the later stage, and increased fin density or flow velocity to enhance heat transfer, which will affect refrigeration efficiency.
Turbulence protrusions are installed in the condenser channel, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is controlled by the Bernstein-bézier polynomial to make them gradually change along the coolant flow direction, thereby disrupting the laminar flow structure, enhancing heat transfer, and increasing the number of turbulence protrusions in the downstream region to compensate for the weakening of heat transfer capacity.
This achieves uniform heat exchange in the condenser, improves the optimized balance between heat transfer performance and flow resistance, and enhances the condenser's heat exchange capacity and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121855103A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radiator technology, specifically relating to a thermal management water-cooled condenser, its design method, and new energy vehicles. Background Technology
[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] The power batteries of new energy vehicles generate a lot of heat during charging, discharging and high-power operation. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, the battery temperature will be too high or the temperature difference will be too large, which will lead to safety problems such as performance degradation, shortened life and even thermal runaway.
[0004] The thermal management system of new energy vehicles achieves efficient cooling of the power battery through refrigerant circulation. The condenser, as a key heat exchange component, is used to condense the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor into a liquid for subsequent throttling and evaporative cooling.
[0005] Traditional condensers typically employ parallel flow or microchannel structures, using fins or baffles to enhance heat transfer. However, these structures generally suffer from the following problems: the refrigerant tends to form a stable liquid film or laminar boundary layer during flow, leading to a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient; the temperature gradient along the flow direction in the condensation section is large, resulting in a significant reduction in condensation efficiency in the later stages; and arbitrarily increasing fin density or flow velocity to enhance heat transfer can lead to increased pressure drop, affecting refrigeration efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a thermal management water-cooled condenser, its design method, and its application in new energy vehicles. This invention involves incorporating turbulence protrusions within the condenser channels and parametrically controlling the cross-sectional shape of these protrusions using Bernstein-Bézier polynomials. This allows the cross-sectional shape and number of the protrusions to gradually change along the coolant flow direction. This design effectively disrupts the laminar flow structure within the channels, thereby enhancing heat transfer. Simultaneously, by increasing the number of turbulence protrusions in the downstream region, the reduced heat transfer capacity is compensated for, achieving a uniform heat exchange effect along the flow direction and achieving an optimized balance between heat transfer performance and flow resistance.
[0007] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A thermal management water-cooled condenser includes a condenser body having a plurality of cooling channels. The cooling channels are provided with a plurality of turbulence protrusions for enhancing heat transfer. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is formed by a Bernstein-bézier polynomial, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions varies with the flow direction of the coolant in the channels.
[0008] As an alternative implementation, the cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion within the channel is an axisymmetric figure, and the profile curve on one side of the axis of symmetry is formed by a Bernstein-bézier polynomial, with the curve formula as follows:
[0009] in, It is the x-coordinate in a normalized Cartesian coordinate system. The range of values for is [0,1]; These are the normalized coordinates of the refrigerant flow direction in the channel. The range of values for is [0,1]; These are control point coefficients. It is the degree of the Bernstein-Bézier polynomial; It is the first indivual Bernstein basis functions; The formula for the nth-order Bernstein basis function is:
[0010] in, The coefficients are binomial coefficients; The degree of the Bernstein basis functions The value can be:
[0011] in, It is an integer function.
[0012] As an alternative implementation, the control point coefficients for:
[0013] in, Initial control point coefficients:
[0014] In the above formula, for A random number between i, where i is 1, 2, ..., n+1; yes Random variables between yes Random variables between and The formula for generating it is:
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
[0018] and These are random numbers generated using the modular multiplication congruence method with prime numbers:
[0019] Among them, multipliers The value is 48271, modulo 48271. .
[0020] As an alternative implementation, the formula for the change in the number of turbulence protrusions in the refrigerant flow direction is:
[0021] In the above formula, It refers to the row number of the turbulence protrusions in the direction from the refrigerant inlet to the outlet. It is an integer function.
[0022] As an alternative implementation, the distance between adjacent turbulence protrusions in the refrigerant flow direction is:
[0023] It refers to the row number of the turbulence protrusions in the direction from the refrigerant inlet to the outlet. It is an integer function.
[0024] As an alternative implementation, the cooling channel is provided with several fins or heat sinks. The fins or heat sinks increase the heat dissipation area, thereby accelerating heat dissipation.
[0025] As an alternative implementation, the cooling channel is made of copper alloy or stainless steel.
[0026] A design method for a thermally managed water-cooled condenser includes the following steps: The condenser body has several cooling channels, and multiple turbulence protrusions for enhancing heat transfer are arranged in the cooling channels. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is formed by Bernstein-bézier polynomials, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions varies with the flow direction of the coolant in the channel.
[0027] A thermal management system for new energy vehicles includes the aforementioned thermal management water-cooled condenser.
[0028] A new energy vehicle includes the aforementioned new energy vehicle thermal management system.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The condenser proposed in this invention replaces the traditional single-shaped turbulence protrusions with Bernstein-Bézier polynomial control, effectively promoting refrigerant phase change and disrupting the channel structure of the laminar boundary layer, thus significantly increasing the condenser's heat transfer capacity. This invention optimizes the fixed number of turbulence protrusions by increasing their number along the flow direction, fully utilizing the downstream heat transfer region and improving upstream and downstream temperature uniformity and heat transfer efficiency.
[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.
[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the turbulence protrusion in the novel new energy vehicle thermal management condenser provided by the present invention when the Bernstein-bézier polynomial degree is 5. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the turbulence protrusion in a novel thermal management condenser for new energy vehicles provided by the present invention, when the single Bernstein-bézier polynomial degree is 4. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0035] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0036] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application may be combined with each other.
[0037] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a novel thermal management condenser for new energy vehicles, including a coolant channel. Numerous turbulence protrusions are arranged within the coolant channel to enhance heat transfer. The cross-sectional shape of these protrusions is formed by a Bernstein-Bézier polynomial, and the cross-sectional shape varies with the coolant flow direction within the channel. This design effectively disrupts the laminar flow structure within the channel, thereby enhancing heat transfer. Simultaneously, by increasing the number of turbulence protrusions in the downstream region, the reduced heat transfer capacity is compensated for, achieving a uniform heat transfer effect along the flow direction of the condenser and achieving an optimized balance between heat transfer performance and flow resistance.
[0038] The turbulence protrusions inside the channel are made of copper alloy or 304 stainless steel, and the refrigerant inside the channel is R134a (tetrafluoroethane), R134yf, R290, etc.
[0039] To achieve the above technical effects, the cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion in the channel in this embodiment meets the following requirements: The cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion within the channel is an axisymmetric figure. The profile curve on one side of the axis of symmetry is formed by a Bernstein-bézier polynomial, and the curve formula is:
[0040] in, The x-coordinate of a normalized Cartesian coordinate system The range of values for is [0,1]; These are the normalized coordinates of the refrigerant flow direction in the channel. The range of values for is [0,1]; These are control point coefficients. It is the degree of the Bernstein-Bézier polynomial; It is the first indivual Bernstein basis functions.
[0041] The formula for the nth-degree Bernstein basis function is:
[0042] in, The coefficients are binomial coefficients.
[0043] The degree of Bernstein basis functions The value can be:
[0044] in, It is an integer function.
[0045] The control point coefficient for:
[0046] in, Initial control point coefficients:
[0047] In the above formula, for A random number between i and n, where i is 1, 2, ..., n+1.
[0048] yes Random variables between yes Random variables between [a certain range]. and The formula for generating it is:
[0049]
[0050]
[0051]
[0052] and These are random numbers generated using the modular multiplication congruence method with prime numbers:
[0053] Among them, multipliers The value is 48271, modulo 48271. .
[0054] The formula for the change in the number of turbulence protrusions in the direction of refrigerant flow is:
[0055] The distance between adjacent turbulence protrusions in the refrigerant flow direction is:
[0056] in, It refers to the row number of the turbulence protrusions in the direction from the refrigerant inlet to the outlet. It is an integer function.
[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 1 Control point coefficients The value is [0, 1.4, 0.1, 1.8, 0.5, 0], representing the degree of the Bernstein-Bézier polynomial. The cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion when the value is 5.
[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 2 Control point coefficients The value is [0, 1.22, 0.28, 1.62, 0], representing the degree of the Bernstein-Bézier polynomial. The cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion when the value is 4.
[0059] Preferably, the condenser is made of copper alloy or 304 stainless steel.
[0060] Preferably, the refrigerant in the condenser channel is R134a (tetrafluoroethane), R134yf, R290, etc.
[0061] Preferably, the condenser is provided with multiple fins.
[0062] Example 2 A design method for a thermally managed water-cooled condenser includes the following steps: The condenser body has several cooling channels, and multiple turbulence protrusions for enhancing heat transfer are arranged in the cooling channels. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is formed by Bernstein-bézier polynomials, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions varies with the flow direction of the coolant in the channel.
[0063] For specific details, please refer to the condenser design details provided in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.
[0064] Example 3 A thermal management system for new energy vehicles includes the condenser provided in Embodiment 1.
[0065] Example 4 A new energy vehicle includes the new energy vehicle thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3.
[0066] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. CD - ROM It takes the form of a computer program product implemented on (such as optical memory, etc.).
[0067] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0068] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0069] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art without creative effort within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A water-cooled condenser with thermal management, characterized in that, The device includes a condenser body having several cooling channels, and multiple turbulence protrusions for enhancing heat transfer are provided in the cooling channels. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is formed by a Bernstein-bézier polynomial, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions varies with the flow direction of the coolant in the channel.
2. The thermal management water-cooled condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional profile of the turbulence protrusion within the channel is an axisymmetric figure. The profile curve on one side of the axis of symmetry is formed by a Bernstein-bézier polynomial, and the curve formula is: in, It is the x-coordinate in a normalized Cartesian coordinate system. The range of values for is [0,1]; These are the normalized coordinates of the refrigerant flow direction in the channel. The range of values for is [0,1]; These are control point coefficients. It is the degree of the Bernstein-bézier polynomial; It is the first indivual Bernstein basis functions; The formula for the nth-order Bernstein basis function is: in, The coefficients are binomial coefficients; The degree of the Bernstein basis functions The value can be: in, It is an integer function.
3. The thermal management water-cooled condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control point coefficient for: in, Initial control point coefficients: In the above formula, for A random number between i, where i is 1, 2, ..., n+1; yes Random variables between yes Random variables between and The formula for generating it is: and These are random numbers generated using the modular multiplication congruence method with prime numbers: Among them, multipliers The value is 48271, modulo 48271. .
4. A water-cooled condenser with thermal management as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the change in the number of turbulence protrusions in the refrigerant flow direction is: In the above formula, It refers to the row number of the turbulence protrusions in the direction from the refrigerant inlet to the outlet. It is an integer function.
5. A water-cooled condenser with thermal management as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent turbulence protrusions in the refrigerant flow direction is: It refers to the row number of the turbulence protrusions in the direction from the refrigerant inlet to the outlet. It is an integer function.
6. A water-cooled condenser with thermal management as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several fins or heat sinks are provided outside the cooling channel.
7. A water-cooled condenser with thermal management as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling channel is made of copper alloy or stainless steel.
8. A design method for a thermal management water-cooled condenser, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The condenser body has several cooling channels, and multiple turbulence protrusions for enhancing heat transfer are arranged in the cooling channels. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions is formed by Bernstein-bézier polynomials, and the cross-sectional shape of the turbulence protrusions varies with the flow direction of the coolant in the channel.
9. A thermal management system for new energy vehicles, characterized in that, Includes a thermal management water-cooled condenser as described in any one of claims 1-7.
10. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the new energy vehicle thermal management system as described in claim 9.