Multi-stage purification leopard-blotched grouper (epinephelus akaara) recirculating aquaculture system

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage purification leopard grouper circulating water aquaculture system and relates to the field of fish culture equipment; the system comprises a breeding pond body, a multi-stage purification treatment module, a water quality real-time monitoring module, an intelligent water circulation driving module, a dynamic regulation and control module, a precise feeding module and a sewage collection and treatment module; the breeding pond body is divided into zones and is adapted to the habitat and swimming of leopard groupers; the multi-stage purification treatment module is arranged in sequence to ensure clean water quality; the water quality real-time monitoring module collects parameters in the whole area and synchronizes the parameters to a control center; the intelligent water circulation driving module realizes efficient circulation of water bodies through a frequency conversion water pump and a pipeline; the dynamic regulation and control module adjusts breeding environment parameters based on monitoring data; the precise feeding module sets a feeding scheme according to the feeding habits; the sewage collection and treatment module realizes the recycling of waste; and the system monitoring and early warning module stores data in a classified manner and gives graded early warnings. Through multi-stage purification and intelligent regulation and control, the application stabilizes the breeding water quality, reduces the occurrence of diseases, improves the survival rate and product quality, reduces pollution through precise feeding and sewage design, saves costs through energy consumption optimization, realizes the recycling of waste, meets environmental protection requirements and helps large-scale efficient breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish farming equipment, and more particularly to a multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard gill sea bass. Background Technology

[0002] Leopard gill sea bass, a prized aquaculture fish, boasts tender flesh and high economic value, leading to continuously rising market demand. However, this species has stringent requirements for its aquaculture environment, exhibiting a narrow range of suitable water quality parameters. It is extremely sensitive to fluctuations in dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite levels. Deterioration in water quality can easily trigger stress responses and disease outbreaks, resulting in a significant drop in survival rates. Traditional leopard gill sea bass farming often employs an open-loop flow-through aquaculture system, relying on continuous replacement with large amounts of fresh seawater. This not only consumes significant water resources but also directly discharges pollutants such as uneaten feed and feces generated during the farming process, causing marine environmental pollution and failing to meet environmental protection policy requirements. Furthermore, open-loop aquaculture is significantly affected by the natural environment, making it difficult to stably control parameters such as water temperature and salinity. Extreme weather conditions can easily lead to large-scale mortality, resulting in high farming risks.

[0003] With tightening environmental regulations and increasing demand for large-scale aquaculture, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are gradually gaining popularity. However, existing RAS systems still have many shortcomings. Most systems have a single purification stage; pretreatment can only intercept large particulate impurities, the activity of microbial membranes in biological purification units is unstable, and the degradation efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is limited. The deep purification and disinfection stages lack coordinated design, making it difficult to maintain water quality within the suitable range for leopard gill spiny perch in the long term. Water quality monitoring often relies on fixed-point, low-frequency sampling, resulting in significant data lag and an inability to reflect differences in water quality across the entire pond in a timely manner. Furthermore, control strategies depend on human experience, and operations such as dissolved oxygen supplementation and pH adjustment lack precise data, easily leading to over- or under-regulation. In addition, the design of precision feeding and wastewater discharge systems is unreasonable. Feeding amounts do not match the feeding needs of the cultured organisms, leading to a large accumulation of uneaten feed, increasing the burden on purification. Inappropriate wastewater outlet layouts cause fecal deposition, further deteriorating water quality. At the same time, the system's high energy consumption and complex equipment maintenance hinder its large-scale promotion.

[0004] The industry currently demands higher levels of intelligence, efficiency, and environmental friendliness from recirculating aquaculture systems for leopard-gill perch. Existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet multiple requirements, including precise water purification, intelligent parameter control, resource recycling, and energy optimization. Problems such as incomplete purification, untimely control, high operating costs, and weak resilience lead to unstable survival rates, long farming cycles, and inconsistent product quality in leopard-gill perch farming. To achieve large-scale, standardized leopard-gill perch farming, there is an urgent need for a recirculating aquaculture system with multi-stage deep purification, intelligent dynamic control, precise feeding and wastewater discharge, and low-consumption, high-efficiency operation. This system would overcome the technical bottlenecks of traditional aquaculture and existing recirculating aquaculture systems, balancing farming efficiency with environmental requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard gills to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill sea bass, comprising:

[0007] The aquaculture pond body adopts a partitioned structural design, with the pond wall covered with a scratch-resistant smooth coating, and the bottom of the pond is inclined with a centralized sewage outlet. Microporous oxygenation devices and water flow disturbance devices are evenly deployed in the main aquaculture area.

[0008] The multi-stage purification module includes a pretreatment unit, a biological purification unit, a deep purification unit, and a disinfection unit. The pretreatment unit intercepts impurities in stages, the biological purification unit degrades harmful substances, the deep purification unit adsorbs suspended particles and odors, and the disinfection unit performs combined disinfection.

[0009] The real-time water quality monitoring module deploys multiple types of water quality sensors at a fixed density to collect water quality parameters, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency, and synchronizes the collected data to the system control center.

[0010] The intelligent water circulation drive module is equipped with a variable frequency water pump and circulation pipeline. The pipeline controls the water circulation flow through a flow regulating valve, and the variable frequency water pump dynamically adjusts the water flow speed according to the set speed regulation.

[0011] The dynamic control module establishes a water quality-control strategy mapping relationship. When dissolved oxygen is insufficient, it automatically starts the oxygenation device. When ammonia nitrogen or nitrite exceeds the threshold, it adjusts the water flow rate. When pH deviates from the threshold, it automatically adds acid-base regulators.

[0012] The precision feeding module is equipped with an infrared sensor and a feeding metering component. The feeding devices are evenly distributed in the main breeding area, and the infrared sensor covers the feeding area of ​​the main breeding area. The feeding time, feeding frequency and single feeding amount can be set, and the slow flow mode is turned on when feeding.

[0013] The sewage collection and treatment module connects the sewage outlet and the sludge outlet. It collects residual feed, feces and settled sludge through a screw conveyor and converts them into organic fertilizer raw materials through filter press dewatering.

[0014] The system monitoring and early warning module uses a data storage server to classify and store information, establishes a multi-level early warning mechanism, and issues early warnings through audible and visual alarms and SMS notifications when anomalies occur, and records abnormal information.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a water quality adaptability control module, constructing a comprehensive optimization model for suitable water quality parameters for the leopard gill spiny perch, the formula being: ,in The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. The coefficient of the quadratic term of dissolved oxygen. This is the interaction coefficient between dissolved oxygen and temperature. The interaction coefficient between ammonia nitrogen and pH value. pH value weighting coefficient The coefficient of the quadratic term of temperature. Basic correction factor, This represents the ratio of the actual dissolved oxygen concentration to the optimal concentration. This is the adaptation factor between actual temperature and suitable temperature. It is the reciprocal of the ratio of the actual ammonia nitrogen concentration to the safe concentration. This is the correction factor for the deviation between the actual pH value and the median of the suitable pH range.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a biological purification unit enhancement module, which adopts an optimized design of composite microbial membrane carrier. The carrier surface is set with a honeycomb pore structure and loaded with modified zeolite powder. The pore size is adapted to the microbial attachment requirements. The thickness and activity of the biofilm are monitored regularly. When the thickness exceeds the threshold, the backwashing device is activated, and composite microbial agents are added according to the microbial membrane activity test results.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent temperature control module, in which distributed temperature sensors are installed at even intervals inside the aquaculture pond, and heating and cooling devices are set up in conjunction with them. The heating or cooling devices are automatically activated when the water temperature deviates from the set threshold through temperature control pipelines and water circulation system.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a precision feeding optimization module, which introduces a dynamic calculation model for the feeding requirements of the leopard gill spiny perch and constructs a feeding amount optimization formula. ,in For precise feeding amount per feeding, This represents the basal feeding coefficient corresponding to body weight. This is a growth rate correction factor. The factor representing the influence of feeding activity is... The water quality degradation coefficient is the coefficient of water quality status. The average weight of the farmed population For growth stage adaptation factors, The average weekly growth rate of the farmed population. This is a correction value for the difference between the actual water temperature and the suitable water temperature. The infrared sensor was used to detect feeding activity scores. The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. This is a correction value for the impact of water turbidity.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes an emergency response module, equipped with an emergency water storage tank, a backup purification unit and an emergency oxygenation device. It is connected to the main system pipeline through a three-way valve. When abnormal water quality or equipment failure is detected, it automatically switches to emergency mode and issues an emergency warning. After the fault is cleared, it switches back to normal operation mode.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a remote monitoring and control module, which allows users to remotely log in to the encrypted system control platform via terminal devices to view aquaculture pond data. The data update frequency is synchronized with the sampling frequency. The system also allows for remote setting of aquaculture system parameters, feedback of execution results after parameter adjustments, recording of remote operation information, and the creation of an operation log.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a stocking density adaptive adjustment module, which dynamically judges the rationality of the current stocking density, issues a density adjustment prompt when an anomaly is detected, and provides the optimal density suggestion value. During the density adjustment process, the water circulation flow rate and oxygenation intensity are adjusted simultaneously.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a deep purification unit maintenance module, which adopts an online backwashing and filter media regeneration combined mechanism to periodically detect the filtration resistance of quartz sand and activated carbon filter media and monitor the adsorption status of the filter media; when the filtration resistance exceeds the threshold, the backwashing program is started, and when the activated carbon adsorption saturation exceeds the threshold, the filter media regeneration device is started.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes an energy consumption optimization module, which uses frequency conversion control technology and energy recovery devices to dynamically adjust the operating power of the equipment; the energy recovery device recovers the kinetic energy of water flow and converts it into auxiliary power, the optimized pipeline design adopts a streamlined structure, and the solar panels collect electrical energy and store it in the backup power supply.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard gill sea bass of this invention, through modular collaborative design and technological innovation, comprehensively solves many pain points of traditional aquaculture and existing recirculating aquaculture systems, achieving all-round improvement in water quality protection, aquaculture efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving, and intelligent management, and has significant technical advantages and application value.

[0026] In terms of water purification, the multi-stage purification module constructs a complete purification system encompassing pretreatment, biological purification, deep purification, and disinfection. A graded interception filter and sedimentation tank efficiently separate impurities of different particle sizes. A porous biological carrier carrying a composite microbial membrane enhances the degradation of harmful substances. A dual-layer filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon deeply adsorbs fine particles and odors. Ultraviolet light and ozone work together to disinfect and reduce the content of harmful microorganisms. The synergistic effect of each purification unit achieves precise control of water quality parameters, maintaining the levels of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite at extremely low levels, and keeping indicators such as dissolved oxygen and pH stable within suitable ranges. This provides a stable and high-quality living environment for the leopard-gill spiny perch, significantly reducing stress and disease occurrence, and improving the survival rate and product quality of aquaculture.

[0027] In terms of intelligent control and adaptability, the real-time water quality monitoring module achieves full-area, high-frequency data collection, and encrypted transmission ensures data accuracy. The dynamic control module automatically adjusts parameters such as oxygenation intensity, water flow rate, and acid / alkali dosage based on monitoring data and aquaculture needs, responding to water quality fluctuations without manual intervention. The intelligent temperature control module addresses the suitable temperature requirements of juvenile and adult fish at different growth stages, using gradual temperature increases and decreases and uniform temperature control through circulating water flow to avoid localized temperature differences, adapting to the physiological needs of different growth stages of the leopard gill spiny perch. The adaptive stocking density adjustment module dynamically optimizes stocking density based on water quality changes and growth status. Combined with zonal structures and backup stocking ponds, it avoids water quality deterioration and growth competition caused by excessive density, adapting to the flexible adjustment needs of large-scale aquaculture.

[0028] In terms of breeding efficiency and cost control, the precision feeding optimization module combines infrared sensing and growth data to dynamically adjust the feeding amount and frequency. During feeding, a slow-flow mode is activated to reduce the diffusion of uneaten feed, thus reducing water pollution and feed waste. The wastewater collection and treatment module collects uneaten feed and feces and converts them into organic fertilizer, achieving resource utilization of waste and generating additional revenue while reducing environmental pollution. The energy consumption optimization module uses frequency conversion control and energy recovery technology to dynamically adjust the operating power of high-power equipment, recovering the kinetic energy of water flow and converting it into auxiliary electricity. Combined with solar-assisted power supply, this significantly reduces system energy consumption and breeding costs. The deep purification unit maintenance module extends the lifespan of the filter media and reduces equipment maintenance frequency and costs through online backwashing and filter media regeneration mechanisms.

[0029] In terms of system stability and ease of management, the emergency response module is equipped with an emergency water storage tank, a backup purification unit, and emergency oxygenation equipment. It automatically switches to emergency mode in case of severe water quality abnormalities or equipment malfunctions, ensuring the safety of aquaculture species and reducing aquaculture risks. The remote monitoring and control module supports encrypted login and real-time data viewing, allowing for remote adjustment of various parameters and recording of operation logs. It enables batch management of multiple systems, allowing for daily control without on-site supervision, improving management efficiency and flexibility. The system monitoring and early warning module establishes a multi-level early warning mechanism, promptly issuing anomaly alerts and tracing the causes, providing clear guidance for troubleshooting and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0030] Overall, this system has enabled the transformation of leopard-gill perch farming from "extensive" to "intensive," from "open pollution" to "closed-loop environmental protection," and from "manual dependence" to "intelligent management." It not only meets the stringent requirements of leopard-gill perch for high-quality water, but also achieves the environmental goals of water conservation, pollutant reduction, and energy optimization. At the same time, it improves the survival rate and product quality, reduces farming risks and costs, and is compatible with the development trend of large-scale and standardized farming. It provides solid support for the high-quality development of the leopard-gill perch farming industry and has broad application value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard gill sea bass proposed in this invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram comparing ammonia nitrogen concentrations at different purification stages;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the change in survival rate of leopard-gill spiny perch over the breeding cycle;

[0034] Figure 4 A diagram comparing the energy consumption of systems operating at different scales of aquaculture;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram comparing feed utilization rate and uneaten feed production.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in waste resource utilization rate with different breeding batches. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 6 A multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard gill perch, comprising:

[0039] The aquaculture pond adopts a zoned structural design, divided into a main aquaculture area, a slow-flow adaptation area, and a residual feed and feces collection area. The area ratio of the main aquaculture area to the slow-flow adaptation area is set according to the aquaculture needs. The inner side of the pond wall is covered with a food-grade polymer anti-scratch smooth coating. The bottom of the pond is designed with a slope and a centralized sewage outlet is set at the lowest point. Microporous aeration devices and water flow disturbance devices are evenly deployed in the main aquaculture area. The water flow disturbance devices are arranged at fixed intervals. The slow-flow adaptation area is equipped with a guide plate to adjust the water flow speed, which is adapted to the habitat and swimming habits of the leopard gill spiny perch.

[0040] The multi-stage purification module is arranged along the water circulation path, consisting of a pretreatment unit, a biological purification unit, a deep purification unit, and a disinfection unit. The pretreatment unit uses a combination of graded interception filters and sedimentation tanks, with the pore size of the filters decreasing sequentially at different levels to intercept large particles of impurities such as uneaten feed and feces. The sedimentation tank has a sludge discharge port at the bottom that can be opened at a set time. The biological purification unit is filled with porous biological carriers at a specific density to cultivate a composite microbial membrane mainly composed of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, which degrades harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water. The deep purification unit uses a double-layer filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon, laid at a set thickness with the filter media particle size gradually increasing from top to bottom to adsorb small suspended particles and odor substances in the water. The disinfection unit uses a combination of ultraviolet disinfection and ozone disinfection. The ultraviolet disinfection device uses ultraviolet lamps with a specific wavelength range, and the ozone disinfection device controls the ozone concentration and contact time to reduce the impact on the aquaculture organisms.

[0041] The real-time water quality monitoring module deploys dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, temperature, and turbidity sensors at a fixed density in the main aquaculture area, slow-flow adaptation area, and at the inlet and outlet of the purification module in the aquaculture pond. It collects various water quality parameters in real time, and the sampling frequency is dynamically adjusted according to the aquaculture stage. The sampling frequency is increased in the juvenile stage and kept stable in the adult stage. The collected data is synchronized to the system control center through an encrypted wired transmission module to ensure the accuracy of data transmission.

[0042] The intelligent water circulation drive module is equipped with a variable frequency water pump and a circulation pipeline made of corrosion-resistant polymer material. The pipeline adopts an anti-clogging structure design and is equipped with multiple branch interfaces, connecting the aquaculture pond and the purification modules at all levels. The water circulation flow is controlled by a high-precision flow regulating valve. The variable frequency water pump dynamically adjusts its operating power according to the set speed range and dynamically adjusts the water flow speed according to the aquaculture density and water quality monitoring data, so as to achieve efficient operation of water between the aquaculture pond and the purification module.

[0043] The dynamic control module establishes a water quality-control strategy mapping relationship based on real-time water quality monitoring data and the suitable survival parameter range of the leopard gill spiny perch. When insufficient dissolved oxygen is detected, it automatically starts the oxygenation device that combines microporous aeration and surface aeration and increases the water circulation volume. When ammonia nitrogen or nitrite exceeds the standard, it enhances the operating efficiency of the biological purification unit and extends the water retention time by adjusting the water flow speed. When the pH deviates from the suitable range, it makes fine adjustments by automatically adding acid-base regulators to maintain the stability of the water environment.

[0044] The precision feeding module is equipped with an infrared sensor and a high-precision feeding metering component. The feeding devices are evenly distributed in the main breeding area, and the infrared sensor covers the feeding area of ​​the main breeding area. Based on the growth stage, weight data and feeding habits of the leopard gill spiny perch, the feeding time, feeding frequency and single feeding amount are set. When feeding, the slow flow mode is turned on to slow down the water flow speed to prevent uneaten food from spreading quickly with the water flow and reduce water pollution.

[0045] The sewage collection and treatment module is connected to the centralized sewage outlet at the bottom of the aquaculture pond and the sludge outlet of the pretreatment unit. The collected residual feed, feces and settled sludge are transported to the sludge thickening tank through a screw conveyor with adjustable conveying speed. After the sludge settles in the thickening tank for a set time, it is dewatered by pressure filtration and transformed into organic fertilizer raw material, realizing the resource utilization of waste.

[0046] The system monitoring and early warning module uses a data storage server with backup mechanism to classify and store water quality monitoring data, equipment operating parameters, control operation records, and other information. It establishes a multi-level water quality anomaly threshold database and classifies the anomalies into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 early warnings according to their severity. When a parameter is detected to exceed the threshold, the corresponding level of early warning is issued through audible and visual alarms and SMS notifications. At the same time, the time, location, relevant data, and triggering cause of the anomaly are recorded to provide clear guidance for troubleshooting.

[0047] This invention also includes a water quality adaptability control module, which constructs a comprehensive optimization model for suitable water quality parameters for the leopard-gill spiny perch, using the following formula: ,in The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. The coefficient of the quadratic term of dissolved oxygen. The interaction coefficient between dissolved oxygen and temperature. The interaction coefficient between ammonia nitrogen and pH value. pH value weighting coefficient The coefficient of the quadratic term of temperature. The basic correction coefficients, and the weights of each coefficient, were determined through orthogonal experiments. This is the ratio of the actual dissolved oxygen concentration to the suitable concentration. This is the fit coefficient between the actual temperature and the suitable temperature. It is the reciprocal of the ratio of the actual ammonia nitrogen concentration to the safe concentration. This is a correction coefficient for the deviation between the actual pH value and the median of the suitable pH range. The overall water quality suitability is determined by a comprehensive index. When the index falls below a set threshold, targeted control measures are automatically initiated. The control priority is adjusted based on the interaction of various parameters to achieve a high degree of matching between the aquatic environment and the physiological needs of the leopard-gill spiny perch.

[0048] This invention also includes a biological purification unit enhancement module, employing an optimized design of a composite microbial membrane carrier. The carrier surface features a honeycomb-like porous structure loaded with modified zeolite powder, with pore sizes adapted to microbial attachment requirements, thereby increasing microbial attachment and metabolic efficiency. Biofilm thickness and activity are periodically monitored using a biofilm thickness sensor and activity detection device. When the biofilm thickness exceeds a set value, a backwashing device is activated, using pulsed water flow at a set pressure and frequency to peel away the aging biofilm. Backwash wastewater is discharged into a wastewater collection system through a dedicated pipeline. Simultaneously, composite microbial agents are automatically replenished based on the microbial membrane activity detection results. The amount of agent replenished is positively correlated with the degree of biofilm activity decay, maintaining stable degradation capacity of the biological purification unit and ensuring that the removal efficiency of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite meets aquaculture requirements.

[0049] This invention also includes an intelligent temperature control module. Distributed temperature sensors are deployed within the aquaculture pond, with sensors spaced at uniform intervals to monitor the water temperature distribution in different areas in real time. Heating and cooling devices are also installed, linked to the water circulation system via temperature control pipelines. Based on the suitable temperature range for different growth stages of the leopard gill spiny perch, the water temperature is maintained within the appropriate range during the juvenile stage and controlled within the corresponding suitable range during the adult stage. When the water temperature deviates from the set range, the heating or cooling device automatically activates, achieving uniform water temperature regulation through circulating water flow. The heating device uses a gradual heating method, and the cooling device achieves cooling through heat exchange, avoiding excessive localized temperature differences that could negatively impact the growth of the cultured organisms.

[0050] This invention also includes a precision feeding optimization module, which introduces a dynamic calculation model of the feeding requirements of the leopard gill spiny perch and constructs a feeding amount optimization formula as follows: ,in For precise feeding amount per feeding, This is the basal feeding coefficient corresponding to body weight. This is a growth rate correction factor. The factor representing the influence of feeding activity is... The water quality degradation coefficient is the coefficient of water quality status. The average weight of the farmed population The values ​​for growth stage adaptation factors are higher in juvenile fish than in adult fish. The average weekly growth rate of the farmed population. This is a correction value for the difference between the actual water temperature and the suitable water temperature. The feeding activity score is detected by an infrared sensor. The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. This is a correction value for the impact of water turbidity. The feeding amount and frequency are dynamically adjusted based on feeding activity data. During the juvenile stage, fish are fed 3 to 4 times a day, and during the adult stage, they are fed twice a day. The feeding amount is gradually adjusted according to the feeding situation of the cultured fish to reduce water pollution caused by overfeeding, while ensuring that the cultured fish have sufficient nutritional intake.

[0051] This invention also includes an emergency response module, equipped with an emergency water storage tank, a backup purification unit, and an emergency oxygenation device. It is connected to the main system pipeline via a three-way valve. The emergency water storage tank pre-stores suitable water that has undergone pretreatment and disinfection. When the system detects a severe water quality anomaly or equipment malfunction, it automatically switches to emergency mode, shuts off the connection between the main aquaculture tank and the faulty purification module, opens the emergency water storage tank to replenish the aquaculture tank with suitable water at a dynamically adjusted rate based on the tank's water volume, activates the backup purification unit to maintain basic water circulation, and the emergency oxygenation device operates at maximum power to ensure dissolved oxygen supply. Simultaneously, an emergency warning is issued to alert staff to handle the malfunction. After the malfunction is resolved, the system automatically switches back to normal operation mode, gradually restoring the main system's functions.

[0052] This invention also includes a remote monitoring and control module, which supports remote login to the encrypted system control platform via computers, mobile phones, and other terminal devices. Users can view water quality parameters in the aquaculture ponds, equipment operating status, feeding records, and early warning information in real time, with data update frequency synchronized with sampling frequency. It features remote control functionality, allowing for remote adjustment of water circulation flow, feeding parameters, oxygenation intensity, and disinfection duration. It supports batch setting of multiple sets of aquaculture system parameters, and the system automatically provides feedback on the execution results after parameter adjustments. Simultaneously, it automatically records all remote operation commands, executors, execution time, and execution results, forming a traceable operation log, thus improving the flexibility and convenience of system management.

[0053] This invention also includes a stocking density adaptive adjustment module, which dynamically judges the rationality of the current stocking density by combining water quality monitoring data and the growth status assessment results of the cultured organisms with the effective water volume of the stocking pond. When an accelerated rate of dissolved oxygen consumption and a significant trend of ammonia nitrogen accumulation are detected, a density adjustment prompt is issued and an optimal density recommendation value is provided. Combined with the zoning structure of the stocking pond, it supports adjusting the effective area of ​​the main stocking area through movable temporary partitions, or maintaining a suitable stocking density by transferring some cultured organisms to a backup stocking pond. During the density adjustment process, the water circulation flow rate and oxygenation intensity are adjusted simultaneously to avoid water quality fluctuations caused by density changes and reduce growth competition among cultured organisms.

[0054] This invention also includes a deep purification unit maintenance module, employing a combined online backwashing and filter media regeneration mechanism. The module periodically detects the filtration resistance of the quartz sand and activated carbon filter media using pressure sensors, and monitors the adsorption status of the filter media using an adsorption saturation detection device. When the filtration resistance reaches a set threshold, the backwashing program is automatically initiated, using reverse water flow at a set velocity to impact the filter media and remove surface-attached impurities. The backwash wastewater is discharged into a sewage collection system. When the activated carbon adsorption saturation exceeds its upper limit, the filter media regeneration device is activated, restoring the activated carbon's adsorption performance through high-temperature activation. The activation temperature and time are set according to the filter media type. If regeneration fails, a filter media replacement prompt is issued. During the replacement process, the system automatically switches to a backup filter media unit, ensuring the deep purification unit continues to function stably.

[0055] This invention also includes an energy consumption optimization module, employing variable frequency control technology and an energy recovery device. This module dynamically adjusts the operating power of high-power equipment such as water pumps and aeration devices based on the aquaculture stage and water quality conditions. During off-peak hours, it reduces water circulation flow and aeration intensity, while concentrating power during peak hours to ensure critical needs are met. The energy recovery device recovers the kinetic energy of the water flow and converts it into auxiliary electricity via an energy conversion module, powering system monitoring equipment and lighting. Simultaneously, the optimized pipeline design, using a streamlined structure, reduces water flow resistance and lowers equipment operating energy consumption. Combined with a solar-assisted power supply module, which collects and stores electrical energy in a backup power source via solar panels, this further improves system energy efficiency and reduces aquaculture costs.

[0056] The following two examples further illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention:

[0057] Example 1: Application in a large-scale recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill spiny perch

[0058] This embodiment is applied to a large-scale marine fish farming base, targeting the cultivation of adult leopard gill sea bass. The total water volume of the cultivation ponds is 1000 cubic meters, divided into 10 independent cultivation ponds. Each cultivation pond adopts a zoned structure design, with the area ratio of the main cultivation area, the slow-flow adaptation area, and the uneaten feed and feces collection area being 7:2:1. The system requirements are to achieve efficient multi-stage purification, intelligent and precise control, low-energy consumption and stable operation, adapt to the needs of high-density farming, and ensure that the water recycling rate reaches more than 95%, reducing water resource consumption and pollutant emissions.

[0059] I. Execution of Core Processes and Key Steps

[0060] The inner wall of the aquaculture pond is coated with a 3mm thick food-grade polymer anti-scratch smooth coating. The bottom of the pond is inclined at a 3° angle, with a centralized sewage outlet of 30cm in diameter at the lowest point. Sixteen microporous aeration devices and eight water flow disturbance devices are evenly distributed in the main aquaculture area, spaced 5 meters apart. Six guide plates are installed in the slow-flow adaptation zone. By adjusting the angle of the guide plates, the water flow velocity is controlled between 0.1 and 0.3 m / s, adapting to the habitat and swimming habits of adult leopard gill sea bass.

[0061] The multi-stage purification module is arranged along the water circulation path, consisting of a pretreatment unit, a biological purification unit, a deep purification unit, and a disinfection unit. The pretreatment unit uses a three-stage interception filter combined with a sedimentation tank. The first-stage filter has a 5mm pore size, the second stage has a 3mm pore size, and the third stage has a 1mm pore size, intercepting residual feed and feces of different particle sizes. The sedimentation tank has a volume of 50 cubic meters and two timed sludge discharge ports at the bottom, automatically opening at 2 AM daily for 30 minutes. The biological purification unit is filled with a porous ceramic biological carrier at a density of 60%, with modified zeolite powder loaded on the carrier surface to cultivate a composite microbial membrane of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The water residence time in the biological purification unit is 2 hours. The deep purification unit uses a double-layer filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon. The quartz sand filter media is 80cm thick, and the activated carbon filter media is 50cm thick, with particle sizes ranging from 2-3mm and 3-5mm from top to bottom. The disinfection unit uses a combination of 12 ultraviolet lamps of specific wavelengths and an ozone generator. The ozone concentration is controlled at 0.1 to 0.3 mg / L, and the contact time is 10 minutes.

[0062] The real-time water quality monitoring module is equipped with 4 dissolved oxygen sensors, 2 pH sensors, 2 ammonia nitrogen sensors, 2 nitrite sensors, 3 temperature sensors, and 2 turbidity sensors in each main aquaculture area and slow-flow adaptation area of ​​each aquaculture pond. The purification module has 3 integrated water quality sensors at both its inlet and outlet. Sampling is performed every 30 minutes, and the collected data is synchronized to the system control center via an encrypted wired transmission module.

[0063] The intelligent water circulation drive module is equipped with four variable frequency water pumps and corrosion-resistant polymer material circulation pipelines. The pipelines are 150 mm in diameter and have eight branch interfaces, connecting the aquaculture ponds to the purification modules at each level. The water circulation flow rate is controlled by high-precision flow regulating valves, with a single pond circulation flow rate of 50 cubic meters per hour. The operating power of the variable frequency water pumps is dynamically adjusted between 1.5 and 3 kilowatts based on the aquaculture density and water quality data to ensure efficient water circulation.

[0064] The dynamic control module is based on water quality monitoring data and suitable parameter ranges for adult leopard gill sea bass. When dissolved oxygen is below 6 mg / L, it automatically starts a combination of microporous aeration and surface aeration to increase oxygenation and increase the water circulation volume to 60 cubic meters / hour. When ammonia nitrogen is above 0.2 mg / L or nitrite is above 0.1 mg / L, it extends the water residence time in the biological purification unit to 2.5 hours and supplements compound microbial agents. The amount of agent supplemented is positively correlated with the degree of biofilm activity decay. When the pH deviates from the range of 7.8 to 8.5, it automatically adds hydrochloric acid or sodium bicarbonate solution for fine adjustment through the acid-base adjustment device.

[0065] The precision feeding module evenly deploys four feeding devices in the main rearing area of ​​each pond. Each feeding device is equipped with an infrared sensor and a high-precision metering component. The infrared sensor covers a feeding area with a radius of 5 meters. Based on the average weight and feeding habits of adult leopard gill perch, feeding is conducted twice daily. The amount of feed given each time is dynamically adjusted according to the average weight of the rearing population, water temperature, and feeding activity. During feeding, a slow-flow mode is activated, reducing the water flow speed to 0.1 meters per second.

[0066] The sewage collection and treatment module connects the centralized sewage outlet of the aquaculture pond to the sludge discharge outlet of the pretreatment unit through a 200 mm diameter pipe. An adjustable conveying speed screw conveyor transports uneaten feed, feces and settled sludge to a 100 cubic meter sludge thickening tank. After the sludge settles in the tank for 12 hours, it is dewatered by a filter press. The water content of the dewatered sludge is reduced to 60%, and it is converted into raw material for organic fertilizer.

[0067] The system monitoring and early warning module uses a data storage server with a backup mechanism to classify and store water quality data, equipment parameters, control records, etc., and establishes a three-level early warning mechanism. A level three early warning is triggered when ammonia nitrogen exceeds 0.3 mg / L, a level two early warning is triggered when nitrite exceeds 0.15 mg / L, and a level one early warning is triggered when dissolved oxygen is below 5 mg / L. Staff are notified via audible and visual alarms and SMS messages.

[0068] In addition, the system is equipped with a remote monitoring and control module, which supports encrypted login via computer and mobile terminal, real-time data viewing, and remote parameter adjustment; the energy consumption optimization module adopts frequency conversion control and energy recovery device to recover the kinetic energy of water flow and convert it into auxiliary power, combined with solar panel power supply, to reduce operating energy consumption; the emergency treatment module is equipped with a 200-cubic-meter emergency water storage tank to store pre-treated and disinfected water, and automatically switches to replenish in case of failure.

[0069] II. Data Representation and Interpretation

[0070] Table 1: Comparison of Application Effects in Large-Scale Breeding Bases

[0071]

[0072] Table 1 clearly demonstrates the core advantages of this invention's system in large-scale aquaculture. Traditional recirculating aquaculture systems have a single purification stage and insufficient biological purification efficiency, resulting in high ammonia nitrogen concentrations and affecting survival rates. Poor energy control and low feed utilization also increase aquaculture costs. This invention, through three-stage pretreatment, enhanced biological purification, and synergistic deep purification, significantly reduces ammonia nitrogen levels in the water, providing a stable water quality environment for leopard gill spiny perch and improving survival rates by 11 to 13 percentage points. The application of variable frequency control and energy recovery technology, combined with solar-assisted power supply, reduces energy consumption by over 40%. The precision feeding module dynamically adjusts the feeding amount based on feeding status, reducing feed waste and improving feed utilization by 20 percentage points, significantly reducing operating costs for large-scale aquaculture and meeting the needs of high-density, low-pollution aquaculture.

[0073] Example 2: Application in small-to-medium-sized premium leopard gill spiny perch farming base

[0074] This embodiment is applied to a small-to-medium-sized premium marine fish farming base, targeting the entire life cycle of leopard-gill sea bass from juvenile to adult. The total water volume of the farming ponds is 300 cubic meters, divided into 6 independent ponds. Each pond has flexible zoning; the area ratio of the main farming area, the slow-flow adaptation area, and the uneaten feed and feces collection area can be adjusted according to the growth stage: 6:3:1 for juveniles and 7:2:1 for adults. The system requirements are to achieve precise water quality control, flexible feeding management, resource utilization of waste, ensure the quality of farmed products, and adapt to the flexible operational needs of small-to-medium-sized aquaculture.

[0075] I. Execution of Core Processes and Key Steps

[0076] The inner wall of the aquaculture pond is coated with a 2.5 mm thick food-grade polymer anti-scratch smooth coating. The pond bottom has a 2.5° inclination angle, with a 20 cm diameter centralized sewage outlet at the lowest point. Equipment deployment in the main aquaculture area is adjusted according to the growth stage: 8 micro-pore aerators and 4 water flow disturbance devices are deployed during the juvenile stage, with the water flow velocity controlled between 0.05 and 0.15 m / s; this is increased to 10 micro-pore aerators and 6 water flow disturbance devices during the adult stage, with the water flow velocity adjusted to 0.1 to 0.25 m / s. Four movable guide vanes are installed in the slow-flow adaptation zone to flexibly adjust the water flow.

[0077] The multi-stage purification module is arranged along the water circulation path, comprising a pretreatment unit, a biological purification unit, a deep purification unit, and a disinfection unit. The pretreatment unit uses a two-stage interceptor filter combined with a sedimentation tank. The first-stage filter has a 4mm pore size, and the second stage has a 2mm pore size, intercepting residual feed and feces. The sedimentation tank has a volume of 15 cubic meters and a timed sludge discharge port at the bottom, automatically opening at 3:00 AM daily for 20 minutes. The biological purification unit is filled with modified zeolite porous biological carrier at a density of 50%, with a composite microbial agent loaded on the carrier surface. The water retention time is 1.5 hours, and the biofilm thickness is monitored periodically by a biofilm thickness sensor. When the thickness exceeds 5mm, backwashing is initiated with a pulse water flow pressure of 0.3 MPa and a frequency of 5 times / minute, while simultaneously replenishing the composite microbial agent. The deep purification unit uses a double-layer filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon. The quartz sand is 60cm thick, and the activated carbon is 40cm thick, with filter media particle sizes ranging from 1-2mm and 2-4mm from top to bottom. The disinfection unit uses a combination of 6 ultraviolet lamps and a small ozone generator, with an ozone concentration of 0.1 to 0.2 mg / L and a contact time of 8 minutes.

[0078] The real-time water quality monitoring module is equipped with two dissolved oxygen sensors, one pH sensor, one ammonia nitrogen sensor, one nitrite sensor, two temperature sensors, and one turbidity sensor in each main aquaculture area and slow-flow adaptation area of ​​each aquaculture pond. Two integrated water quality sensors are deployed at the inlet and outlet of the purification module. Sampling is performed every 30 minutes, and data is transmitted to the control center via encrypted wired connection.

[0079] The intelligent water circulation drive module is equipped with two variable frequency water pumps and corrosion-resistant pipelines with a diameter of 100 mm and four branch interfaces. The circulation flow rate in a single pool is 20 cubic meters per hour for juvenile fish and 30 cubic meters per hour for adult fish. The operating power of the variable frequency water pumps is dynamically adjusted between 0.8 and 1.5 kilowatts.

[0080] The dynamic control module, combined with a comprehensive water quality adaptability index, maintains dissolved oxygen at 7-8 mg / L and pH at 7.9-8.6 during the juvenile stage, and 6-7 mg / L and pH at 7.8-8.5 during the adult stage. When the water temperature is below 26℃, the heating device is activated to gradually raise the temperature at a rate of 0.5℃ / hour; when the temperature is above 28℃, the cooling device is activated to lower the temperature and ensure water temperature stability.

[0081] The precision feeding module deploys two feeding devices in each breeding pond, equipped with infrared sensors and metering components. During the juvenile stage, the fish are fed three times a day, and during the adult stage, they are fed twice a day. The feeding amount is dynamically adjusted according to the average body weight, average weekly growth rate, and feeding activity. The infrared sensors detect the feeding activity, and the feeding amount is reduced when the activity level is below 60.

[0082] The sewage collection and treatment module connects the sewage outlet and the sludge outlet through a 150 mm diameter pipe. A small screw conveyor is used to transport the sludge to a 30 cubic meter sludge thickening tank. After settling for 8 hours, the sludge is processed by a small dewatering machine. The dewatered sludge is mixed with the green planting substrate in the breeding area to make organic planting soil, thus realizing the resource utilization of waste.

[0083] The system also features an adaptive stocking density adjustment module. Based on water quality data and growth status assessments, it issues a density adjustment prompt when the dissolved oxygen consumption rate exceeds 0.5 mg / L / hour. This allows for adjustment of the main stocking area using movable temporary partitions, or the transfer of some fish to backup stocking ponds. The remote monitoring and control module supports encrypted login via mobile terminal, enabling real-time viewing of data and equipment status, and remote adjustment of feeding parameters and water circulation flow. The emergency response module includes a 50 cubic meter emergency water storage tank to store suitable water, automatically replenishing it in case of failure to maintain a stable stocking environment.

[0084] II. Data Representation and Interpretation

[0085] Table 2: Comparison of Application Effects in Small and Medium-Sized Breeding Bases

[0086]

[0087] Table 2 data highlights the application value of the system of this invention in small and medium-sized high-quality aquaculture. Traditional aquaculture systems suffer from incomplete wastewater discharge, low removal rates of uneaten feed and feces, and large fluctuations in water quality, leading to prolonged aquaculture cycles, low waste resource utilization, and environmental pollution. This invention, through two-stage pretreatment and efficient wastewater collection, improves the removal rate of uneaten feed and feces by 17 to 20 percentage points. Combined with enhanced biological purification and dynamic control, the stability of water quality parameters is improved by 20 to 23 percentage points, providing a stable growth environment for leopard gill spiny perch and shortening the aquaculture cycle by 2 to 3 months. The sludge after wastewater treatment is mixed with green plant substrate to create organic planting soil, increasing the waste resource utilization rate by 55 to 57 percentage points, achieving environmentally friendly aquaculture. The precise feeding and density adaptive adjustment modules are adapted to the quality requirements of high-quality aquaculture, while remote monitoring and flexible control reduce labor costs, perfectly meeting the precise, environmentally friendly, and efficient operational needs of small and medium-sized aquaculture bases.

[0088] Reference Figure 2This diagram visually illustrates the core advantages of the multi-stage purification module of this invention, directly addressing the pain points of incomplete purification and poor water quality stability in traditional aquaculture systems. Traditional aquaculture systems have a single purification stage; pretreatment can only simply intercept large particles of impurities, biological purification efficiency is limited, and deep purification lacks a synergistic design. This results in a high ammonia nitrogen concentration in the returned water, reaching 0.15 mg / L even after multi-stage treatment, easily triggering stress in the leopard-gill spiny perch. This invention, through a synergistic design of the entire process—pretreatment-biological purification-deep purification-disinfection—utilizes a three-stage interception filter for efficient impurity separation, a porous biological carrier to enhance microbial degradation, and a dual-layer filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon for deep adsorption. Ultimately, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the returned water is controlled at 0.03 mg / L, far lower than traditional systems. This stable low-ammonia-nitrogen environment provides suitable living conditions for the leopard-gill spiny perch, significantly reducing the probability of disease and laying the foundation for a high survival rate.

[0089] Reference Figure 3 The figure clearly demonstrates the significant effect of the system of this invention in ensuring the stability and survival rate of aquaculture, solving the problems of large water quality fluctuations and rapid decline in survival rate in traditional aquaculture systems. Traditional aquaculture systems lack precise water quality control and stable purification capabilities. As the aquaculture cycle extends, the accumulation of uneaten feed and feces leads to water quality deterioration, with harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite exceeding the standards. The survival rate drops from 92% initially to 65% after 12 months. This invention uses a real-time water quality monitoring module to collect data at high frequency, a dynamic control module to adjust parameters such as oxygenation, water flow, and bacterial agent supplementation in a timely manner, and a multi-stage purification module to continuously maintain water quality stability. At the same time, precise feeding reduces pollution load, resulting in a long-term stable survival rate in the range of 93%-97%. Even with an aquaculture cycle of 12 months, the survival rate remains at 93%, fully demonstrating the system's long-term control capability over the aquaculture environment and providing a guarantee for stable returns from large-scale aquaculture.

[0090] Reference Figure 4 This diagram highlights the core value of the energy consumption optimization module in this invention, addressing the shortcomings of high energy consumption and high operating costs in traditional aquaculture systems. Traditional aquaculture systems use fixed-power equipment, with water circulation and aeration equipment operating continuously at full load. Lacking energy consumption control mechanisms, energy consumption increases linearly with the expansion of aquaculture scale, reaching 820 kWh per day for a 1000 cubic meter scale, significantly increasing aquaculture costs. This invention integrates variable frequency control technology, an energy recovery device, and solar-assisted power supply. The variable frequency water pump dynamically adjusts its power based on water quality and aquaculture density. The energy recovery device converts the kinetic energy of water flow into auxiliary electricity, actively reducing circulation and aeration intensity during off-peak hours, resulting in energy consumption only 45%-50% of traditional systems. Daily energy consumption for a 1000 cubic meter scale is reduced to 385 kWh, saving significant electricity costs over the long term. It is particularly suitable for the cost control needs of large-scale aquaculture, enhancing industry competitiveness.

[0091] Reference Figure 5This diagram visually demonstrates the significant effects of the precision feeding module of this invention, addressing the pain points of severe feed waste and water pollution caused by uneaten feed in traditional aquaculture. Traditional aquaculture relies on manual experience for feeding, lacking dynamic adaptation to feeding habits and water quality conditions. Feed utilization is only 58%-70%, resulting in a large amount of uneaten feed, reaching up to 45 kg per day in adult fish. This not only increases aquaculture costs but also burdens water purification. This invention, equipped with an infrared sensor and feeding metering component, dynamically adjusts the feeding time, frequency, and amount based on growth data and feeding activity at different stages of the leopard gill spiny perch. A slow-flow mode is activated during feeding to prevent feed diffusion, increasing feed utilization to 86%-91%. Uneaten feed production is significantly reduced, reaching only 11.8 kg per day in adult fish. This lowers feed costs, reduces water pollution from uneaten feed, alleviates the operational pressure on multi-stage purification modules, and creates a virtuous cycle of "precise feeding - less pollution - efficient purification."

[0092] Reference Figure 6 This diagram reveals the core value of the wastewater collection and treatment module of this invention, solving the industry problem of extensive and low resource utilization in traditional livestock waste treatment. Traditional livestock systems lack efficient wastewater discharge design, resulting in incomplete collection of uneaten feed and feces, rudimentary sludge dewatering treatment, and waste being mostly discarded directly or simply composted, with a resource utilization rate of only 25%-35%, polluting the environment and wasting resources. This invention efficiently collects uneaten feed and feces through the inclined bottom of the livestock pond and centralized wastewater discharge outlet. A screw conveyor transports the sludge to a thickening tank for sedimentation and dewatering. After dewatering, the sludge is mixed with organic substrate to produce planting soil or organic fertilizer raw materials. The system forms a complete waste treatment chain, unaffected by the number of livestock batches, with a stable resource utilization rate of 86%-90%. This design reduces environmental pollution and creates additional revenue, aligning with environmentally friendly livestock policies, while reducing the environmental pressure and overall costs of livestock farming, achieving a win-win situation for both economic and ecological benefits.

[0093] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill spiny perch, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The aquaculture pond body adopts a partitioned structural design, with the pond wall covered with a scratch-resistant smooth coating, and the bottom of the pond is inclined with a centralized sewage outlet. Microporous oxygenation devices and water flow disturbance devices are evenly deployed in the main aquaculture area. The multi-stage purification module includes a pretreatment unit, a biological purification unit, a deep purification unit, and a disinfection unit. The pretreatment unit intercepts impurities in stages, the biological purification unit degrades harmful substances, the deep purification unit adsorbs suspended particles and odors, and the disinfection unit performs combined disinfection. The real-time water quality monitoring module deploys multiple types of water quality sensors at a fixed density to collect water quality parameters, dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency, and synchronizes the collected data to the system control center. The intelligent water circulation drive module is equipped with a variable frequency water pump and circulation pipeline. The pipeline controls the water circulation flow through a flow regulating valve, and the variable frequency water pump dynamically adjusts the water flow speed according to the set speed regulation. The dynamic control module establishes a water quality-control strategy mapping relationship. When dissolved oxygen is insufficient, it automatically starts the oxygenation device. When ammonia nitrogen or nitrite exceeds the threshold, it adjusts the water flow rate. When pH deviates from the threshold, it automatically adds acid-base regulators. The precision feeding module is equipped with an infrared sensor and a feeding metering component. The feeding devices are evenly distributed in the main breeding area, and the infrared sensor covers the feeding area of ​​the main breeding area. The feeding time, feeding frequency and single feeding amount can be set, and the slow flow mode is turned on when feeding. The sewage collection and treatment module connects the sewage outlet and the sludge outlet. It collects residual feed, feces and settled sludge through a screw conveyor and converts them into organic fertilizer raw materials through filter press dewatering. The system monitoring and early warning module uses a data storage server to classify and store information, establishes a multi-level early warning mechanism, and issues early warnings through audible and visual alarms and SMS notifications when an anomaly occurs, and records abnormal information. The water quality adaptability control module constructs a comprehensive optimization model for suitable water quality parameters for the leopard gill spiny perch, and the formula is as follows: ,in The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. The coefficient of the quadratic term of dissolved oxygen. This is the interaction coefficient between dissolved oxygen and temperature. The interaction coefficient between ammonia nitrogen and pH value. pH value weighting coefficient The coefficient of the quadratic term of temperature, Basic correction factor, This represents the ratio of the actual dissolved oxygen concentration to the optimal concentration. This is the adaptation factor between actual temperature and suitable temperature. It is the reciprocal of the ratio of the actual ammonia nitrogen concentration to the safe concentration. This is a correction factor for the deviation between the actual pH value and the median of the suitable pH range; The enhanced module of the biological purification unit adopts an optimized design of composite microbial membrane carrier. The carrier surface is set with a honeycomb pore structure and loaded with modified zeolite powder. The pore size is adapted to the microbial attachment requirements. The thickness and activity of the biofilm are monitored regularly. When the thickness exceeds the threshold, the backwashing device is activated and the composite microbial agent is added according to the microbial membrane activity test results. The precision feeding optimization module introduces a dynamic calculation model for the feeding requirements of the leopard gill spiny perch, and constructs a formula for optimizing the feeding amount. ,in For precise feeding amount per feeding, This represents the basal feeding coefficient corresponding to body weight. This is a growth rate correction factor. The factor representing the influence of feeding activity is... The water quality degradation coefficient is the coefficient of water quality status. The average weight of the farmed population For growth stage adaptation factors, The average weekly growth rate of the farmed population. This is a correction value for the difference between the actual water temperature and the suitable water temperature. The infrared sensor was used to detect feeding activity scores. The comprehensive index of water quality suitability. This is a correction value for the impact of water turbidity; The deep purification unit maintenance module adopts a combination of online backwashing and filter media regeneration mechanism. It periodically detects the filtration resistance of quartz sand and activated carbon filter media and monitors the adsorption status of the filter media. When the filtration resistance exceeds the threshold, the backwashing program is started; when the activated carbon adsorption saturation exceeds the threshold, the filter media regeneration device is started.

2. The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent temperature control module, which deploys distributed temperature sensors at even intervals inside the aquaculture pond, and is equipped with heating and cooling devices. It is linked to the water circulation system through temperature control pipelines, and the heating or cooling devices are automatically activated when the water temperature deviates from the set threshold.

3. The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an emergency response module, which is equipped with an emergency water storage tank, a backup purification unit and an emergency oxygenation device. It is connected to the main system pipeline through a three-way valve. When abnormal water quality or equipment failure is detected, it automatically switches to emergency mode and issues an emergency warning. After the fault is cleared, it switches back to normal operation mode.

4. The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill sea bass according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a remote monitoring and control module, which allows users to remotely log in to the encrypted system control platform via terminal devices to view aquaculture pond data. The data update frequency is synchronized with the sampling frequency. The system parameters can be set remotely, and the results of parameter adjustments are fed back. Remote operation information is recorded to form an operation log.

5. The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a stocking density adaptive adjustment module, which dynamically judges the rationality of the current stocking density, issues a density adjustment prompt when an anomaly is detected, and provides the optimal density suggestion value. During the density adjustment process, the water circulation flow rate and oxygenation intensity are adjusted simultaneously.

6. The multi-stage purification recirculating aquaculture system for leopard-gill perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an energy consumption optimization module, which uses frequency conversion control technology and energy recovery device to dynamically adjust the equipment's operating power; the energy recovery device recovers the kinetic energy of water flow and converts it into auxiliary power, the optimized pipeline design adopts a streamlined structure, and collects electrical energy through solar panels and stores it in the backup power supply.

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