Crushing and desorbing integrated device suitable for coal samples with different particle sizes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine safety, and particularly relates to a crushing and desorption integrated device suitable for coal samples with different particle sizes. The device comprises a rack, a cavity, a crushing mechanism and a smashing mechanism. The cavity is arranged on the rack, is used for placing a coal sample and is connected with a gas desorption amount measuring cylinder; the crushing mechanism is arranged at the top of the cavity and is used for crushing a coal sample; the crushing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cavity and is used for crushing the coal sample. According to the device, the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the gas desorption amount measuring cylinder are integrated, so that integrated treatment from crushing to crushing of a coal sample and gas desorption determination of the coal sample is realized, the problems of gas dissipation and complicated operation caused in a material transfer process are avoided, and the gas content testing efficiency and accuracy of the coal sample are improved. In addition, the device is light in size and convenient to carry, and can directly complete crushing and testing work on coal samples with different particle sizes in the underground field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground coal mine safety technology, specifically relating to an integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes. Background Technology

[0002] Coal, as my country's primary energy source and an important chemical raw material, presents a significant hazard during mining: coal seam gas is a major source of danger leading to gas outbursts, explosions, and other major disasters. Therefore, accurately determining the content of coal seam gas is a prerequisite for ensuring safe and efficient coal production. According to GB / T 23249-2009 "Methods for Determining Coal Seam Gas Content During Geological Exploration" and GB / T23250-2009 "Methods for Direct Underground Determination of Coal Seam Gas Content," coal samples, such as granular coal or coal cores, are placed in a coal sample container for natural desorption before being transported to the laboratory for pulverization and testing of the amount of gas desorbed during combustion. During transportation, the coal sample container is susceptible to loosening at the joints due to bumps and handling, leading to gas leakage and affecting the test results. Furthermore, the journey from underground to the laboratory increases the testing cycle, hindering the rapid assessment of gas content at the testing site.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated device that combines coal sample crushing with gas desorption measurement. This device would enable controlled and fine crushing of coal samples, and allow for the real-time and continuous collection and measurement of the amount of gas released throughout the entire process of coal sample particle size variation. This would allow for comprehensive and detailed observation of the gas desorption behavior of coal samples, minimizing gas loss, improving the accuracy and reliability of test data, simplifying the operation process, and increasing experimental efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated device for coal sample crushing and desorption suitable for different particle sizes, which can directly crush and desorb coal samples at the test site to achieve rapid and accurate on-site determination of coal seam gas content.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An integrated device for pulverizing and desorbing coal samples of different particle sizes, comprising: frame; The chamber is set on the frame and is used to hold coal samples. The chamber is connected to a measuring cylinder for measuring gas desorption. The crushing mechanism, located at the top of the cavity, is used to crush the coal sample. The crushing mechanism is located at the bottom of the cavity and is used to crush the coal sample.

[0006] Furthermore, a sealing cover is provided on the top of the cavity, and the sealing cover is fixed to the cavity by a snap fastener; a sealing gasket is embedded in the sealing cover, and the sealing gasket can fit against the edge of the cavity opening.

[0007] Furthermore, the sealing cap is equipped with a valve, which is connected to a gas desorption measuring cylinder via a connecting pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes a crank handle, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a driven gear, and a double-toothed roller; The crank is connected to the drive shaft, the drive gear is connected to the drive shaft, the drive gear meshes with the driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the double-toothed roller; The crank, drive shaft, drive gear, and driven gear are all located on the outside of the cavity, while the double-toothed roller is located inside the cavity, with both ends of the double-toothed roller rotatably connected to the side wall of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the double toothed roller includes a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller. Multiple rows of roller teeth are provided on both the first toothed roller and the second toothed roller. Each row of roller teeth is arranged along the axial direction of the first toothed roller / second toothed roller, and each row of roller teeth is spirally distributed on the first toothed roller / second toothed roller at a set angle. Each row of roller teeth contains multiple roller teeth, each roller tooth is configured as a trapezoidal structure, the tooth tip and tooth side of each roller tooth are sandblasted, and the tooth tip edge of each roller tooth is configured as a rounded corner structure.

[0010] Furthermore, a flywheel is also connected to the drive shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes blades, which are disposed at the bottom of the cavity. A power motor for driving the blades to rotate is connected to the bottom of the blades, and the power motor is disposed at the bottom of the outer side of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the blade is configured with a serrated multi-layered structure.

[0013] Furthermore, a flow guide plate is provided on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the rack is equipped with foot pads.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: As described above, this invention relates to an integrated device for coal sample crushing and desorption suitable for different particle sizes. This device integrates a crushing mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, and a gas desorption measurement cylinder into a single unit, achieving integrated and continuous processing of coal samples from crushing to pulverizing and gas desorption measurement. This avoids gas escape caused by material transfer and cumbersome operation, significantly improving the testing efficiency and accuracy of coal sample gas content. Furthermore, the device is lightweight and portable, allowing for direct on-site crushing and testing of coal samples of different particle sizes underground, enhancing its versatility and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated coal sample crushing and desorption device suitable for different particle sizes according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism contained in the upper cavity of an integrated coal sample crushing and desorption device suitable for different particle sizes according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism contained in the lower cavity of an integrated coal sample crushing and desorption device suitable for different particle sizes according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flywheel in an integrated coal sample crushing and desorption device suitable for different particle sizes according to the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Frame, 11-Foot pad, 2-Cavity, 21-Sealing cover, 211-Valve, 22-Protective cover, 23-Guide plate, 3-Crushing mechanism, 31-Handle, 32-Drive shaft, 33-Drive gear, 34-Driven gear, 35-Double toothed roller, 351-Roller tooth, 36-Flywheel, 4-Pulverizing mechanism, 41-Blade, 42-Power motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] An integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples suitable for different particle sizes includes a frame 1, a cavity 2, a crushing mechanism 3, and a pulverizing mechanism 4. The bottom of the frame 1 is equipped with foot pads 11 to prevent the device from shaking and tipping over during operation. The cavity 2 is mounted on the frame 1 and is used to hold the coal sample; the crushing mechanism 3 is located at the top of the cavity 2 and is used to crush the coal sample; the pulverizing mechanism 4 is located at the bottom of the cavity 2 and is used to pulverize the coal sample.

[0021] Specifically, a sealing cover 21 is provided on the top of the cavity 2. The sealing cover 21 is fixed to the cavity 2 by a snap-fit, ensuring a quick and detachable connection. A sealing gasket is embedded in the sealing cover 21, which fits snugly against the edge of the opening of the cavity 2, ensuring the airtightness of the cavity 2. A valve 211 is provided on the sealing cover 21, wherein the valve 211 is a needle valve. The gas desorbed from the coal sample in the cavity 2 is discharged through this valve 211, and the valve 211 is connected to a gas desorption measurement cylinder through a connecting pipe. The gas released by the desorption of the coal sample in the cavity 2 after crushing and pulverizing is discharged into the gas desorption measurement cylinder for gas content measurement. The gas desorption measurement cylinder itself is a component of existing technology and can automatically and accurately measure the gas content of the desorbed coal sample.

[0022] The crushing mechanism 3 includes a crank handle 31, a drive shaft 32, a drive gear 33, a driven gear 34, and a double-toothed roller 35. The crank handle 31 is connected to the drive shaft 32, which is coaxially connected to the drive gear 33. The drive gear 33 meshes with the driven gear 34, which is connected to the double-toothed roller 35. The crank handle 31, drive shaft 32, drive gear 33, and driven gear 34 are all located outside the cavity 2. The double-toothed roller 35 is located inside the cavity 2, with both ends rotatably connected to the sidewalls of the cavity 2. A dynamic seal is maintained between the double-toothed roller 35 and the cavity 2. A protective cover 22 is provided outside the cavity 2 and is detachably connected to it. The drive gear 33 and driven gear 34 are both located inside the protective cover 22 to prevent coal samples from the field environment from entering the drive gear 33 and driven gear 34 and affecting transmission during on-site gas desorption testing. Figure 2 As shown, the double-toothed roller 35 includes a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller, with either the first or second toothed roller coaxially connected to the driven gear 34. A coal sample enters between the first and second toothed rollers, with one of the rollers rotating actively, and both rollers jointly crushing the coal sample. During the crushing process, the other toothed roller is also driven to rotate. The driving gear 33 and the driven gear 34 are arranged vertically, while the first and second toothed rollers are arranged horizontally.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, both the first and second toothed rollers are provided with multiple rows of roller teeth 351. Each row of roller teeth 351 is arranged along the axial direction of the first / second toothed roller, and each row of roller teeth 351 is spirally distributed on the first / second toothed roller at a set angle. Each row of roller teeth 351 contains multiple roller teeth 351, and the distance between adjacent roller teeth 351 is 5~8mm. The smaller distance can increase the crushing frequency. Each roller tooth 351 is designed with a trapezoidal structure, with a tooth root width of about 4mm, a tooth tip width of about 1mm, and a tooth height of 3~5mm. This ensures the amount of overlap between roller teeth 351, enhances the crushing ability of the coal sample, and reduces the gap between roller teeth 351 to prevent fine materials from passing through. In addition, the tooth inclination angle should preferably be 60° to enhance the shearing force and avoid slippage.

[0024] To further prevent slippage between the double-toothed roller 35 and the coal sample surface during rotation, the tooth surface of the roller teeth 351 is roughened. The tooth tips and sides of the roller teeth 351 are sandblasted to increase the friction between the roller teeth 351 and the coal sample surface. In addition, the edges of the tooth tips of the roller teeth 351 are rounded to reduce the probability of coal dust getting stuck between the teeth and to prevent tooth breakage.

[0025] According to GB / T 23250-2009 "Direct Determination Method of Coal Seam Gas Content in Mines", more than 95% of the coal sample particles after crushing must be below 0.25 mm. To avoid insufficient subsequent crushing to meet the national standard requirements, the particle size of the crushed coal sample should not be too large. After multiple tests, the particle size of the crushed coal sample should be around 5 mm. Therefore, the spacing between the double-toothed rollers 35 is designed to be 5 mm.

[0026] The operation process of crushing mechanism 3 is as follows: The operator rotates a 200-300mm long crank handle 31 (i.e., a lever arm length of 200-300mm) at a speed of 20-40 r / min (to maintain a relatively comfortable operating state). The crank handle 31 has a diameter of 8-10mm and is fixed to the drive shaft 32. The drive shaft 32 is connected to the drive gear 33 via a key. The rotation of the crank handle 31 drives the drive gear 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear 34 to rotate. A double-toothed roller 35 is connected to the driven gear 34, which in turn drives the double-toothed roller 35 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby crushing the coal sample. The transmission path is as follows: crank handle 31, drive shaft 32, drive gear 33, driven gear 34, and double-toothed roller 35. The transmission ratio should ideally be 5-8, which ensures that the operator can crush the coal sample to a particle size of approximately 3mm within 5 minutes. Taking the manual crank 31 with a rotation speed of 30 r / min and a transmission ratio of 6, and the double toothed roller 35 with a rotation speed of 180 r / min as an example, in order to ensure the overall structure is compact, the module of the driving gear 33 is 1.5 mm, the number of teeth is designed to be 15, and the pitch circle diameter is 22.5 mm. Then the driven gear 34 has 90 teeth and a pitch circle diameter of 135 mm.

[0027] Considering the instability of torque input by human (e.g., fluctuating arm strength), and the instantaneous increase in resistance when the double-toothed roller 35 suddenly encounters a hard material (at which point the required torque exceeds the instantaneous output capacity of human power), such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, to ensure stable output of the entire transmission system, a flywheel 36 is also installed on the drive shaft 32. The flywheel 36 has a circular hollow structure with a diameter of 120mm and a weight of 0.5kg, with the weight concentrated at the edge. The flywheel 36 stores excess energy (when the speed increases) or releases energy (when the speed decreases) through inertia, making the speed of the drive shaft 32 more stable, thereby ensuring the stability of the driven gear 34 and the double-toothed roller 35 transmission. Therefore, the flywheel 36 provides assistance during sudden load changes, preventing transmission interruption. When crushing coal samples, the crank handle 31 is rotated in one direction. If jamming occurs, the crank handle 31 can be rotated in the opposite direction multiple times, and then rotated in the original direction to resume normal operation.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the crushing mechanism 4 includes blades 41, which are configured with a serrated multi-layer structure. Blades 41 are located at the bottom of the cavity 2, and a power motor 42 is connected to the bottom of blades 41. The power motor 42 is located on the outer bottom of the cavity 2 and in the middle of the frame 1. The central axis of the blades 41 is connected to the output shaft of the power motor 42. The power motor 42 is preferably a miniature pneumatic motor, but an electric motor meeting explosion-proof requirements can also be used. The motor speed should be 8000~10000 r / min, and the torque should be 1.5~2 N·m. When using a pneumatic motor, the air source pressure (relative pressure) should not be less than 0.5 MPa. In this embodiment, a pneumatic motor is used as the power motor 42.

[0029] To facilitate maintenance of the internal mechanisms of cavity 2, cavity 2 is designed as a split structure, consisting of upper and lower cavities 2. The upper and lower cavities 2 are connected by bolts, with a rubber gasket sandwiched between them for sealing. The double-toothed roller 35 is located in the upper cavity 2, while the blade 41 is located in the lower cavity 2. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, a guide plate 23 is provided on the inner wall of the lower half of the cavity 2. The guide plate 23 is arranged vertically, and multiple guide plates 23 are provided. In this embodiment, the number of guide plates 23 is set to four. The guide plate 23 facilitates the movement of the crushed coal sample in the cavity 2 towards the blade 41, thereby fully and uniformly crushing the coal sample.

[0030] The coal sample crushing and desorption integrated device in this embodiment operates as follows: After obtaining the coal sample required for the gas content test according to relevant standards, the coal sample is placed in chamber 2, and the sealing cap 21 is closed. The valve 211 on the sealing cap 21 is connected to the gas desorption capacity measuring cylinder through a connecting pipe. First, natural desorption is performed before crushing. After the natural gas desorption capacity test is completed, the coal sample is crushed. For granular coal with a particle size of less than 5mm, it can be directly crushed by the crushing mechanism 4. For granular coal or columnar coal core with a particle size of more than 5mm, the operator needs to turn the crank handle 31 to crush the coal sample. Generally, a complete columnar coal core can be completely crushed to below 5mm after about 5 minutes of rotation. For large granular coal, the required time is even shorter. After crushing, the power motor 42 is started for further crushing. Generally, the coal sample can be crushed to below 0.25mm within 5 minutes. After crushing, the gas desorption capacity under crushing conditions is tested until the test is completed.

[0031] The present embodiment has now been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the present invention. Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the content of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal sample crushing and desorbing integrated device suitable for different particle sizes, characterized in that, include: frame; The chamber is set on the frame and is used to hold coal samples. The chamber is connected to a measuring cylinder for measuring gas desorption. The crushing mechanism, located at the top of the cavity, is used to crush the coal sample. The crushing mechanism is located at the bottom of the cavity and is used to crush the coal sample.

2. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cavity is provided with a sealing cover, which is fixed to the cavity by a snap fastener; a sealing gasket is embedded in the sealing cover, which can fit against the edge of the cavity opening.

3. The integrated device for pulverizing and desorbing coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing cap is equipped with a valve, which is connected to a gas desorption measuring cylinder via a connecting pipe.

4. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a crank handle, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a driven gear, and a double-toothed roller; The crank is connected to the drive shaft, the drive gear is connected to the drive shaft, the drive gear meshes with the driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to the double-toothed roller; The crank, drive shaft, drive gear, and driven gear are all located on the outside of the cavity, while the double-toothed roller is located inside the cavity, with both ends of the double-toothed roller rotatably connected to the side wall of the cavity.

5. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The double toothed roller includes a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller. Multiple rows of roller teeth are provided on both the first toothed roller and the second toothed roller. Each row of roller teeth is arranged along the axial direction of the first toothed roller / second toothed roller, and each row of roller teeth is spirally distributed on the first toothed roller / second toothed roller at a set angle. Each row of roller teeth contains multiple roller teeth, each roller tooth is configured as a trapezoidal structure, the tooth tip and tooth side of each roller tooth are sandblasted, and the tooth tip edge of each roller tooth is configured as a rounded corner structure.

6. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 4, characterized in that, A flywheel is also connected to the drive shaft.

7. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes blades, which are located at the bottom of the cavity. A power motor for driving the blades to rotate is connected to the bottom of the blades, and the power motor is located at the bottom of the outer side of the cavity.

8. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blade is configured with a serrated multi-layer structure.

9. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow guide plate is provided on the inner wall of the cavity.

10. The integrated device for crushing and desorption of coal samples of different particle sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the rack is equipped with feet.

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