External safety protection device of five-axis machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to an external safety protection device of a five-axis machining center, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool protection. The protection device structurally comprises a working platform, and a milling device is arranged on one side of the working platform; the outer side of the working platform and the outer side of the milling device are sleeved with a protective shell, two sets of protective doors are symmetrically arranged on the protective shell, and the protective doors are in sliding connection with the protective shell. An observation window is arranged on the protection door; a slag discharging opening is formed in the protective shell below the protective door; a collecting unit is arranged at the slag discharging opening of the protective shell; a cleaning scraper is slidably arranged on the inner side of the observation window. A driving assembly is arranged between the collecting unit and the cleaning scraping plate and used for driving the cleaning scraping plate to slide; a gas spray head is arranged at the working end of the milling device and is used for spraying gas to the collecting unit; the device has the technical effects that the observation window can be automatically cleaned, and waste materials can be directionally collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of machine tool protection, and in particular to an external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis machining centers, as high-precision and highly automated processing equipment, are widely used in high-end manufacturing. During operation, metal scrap and cutting fluid splashing can easily pose safety hazards to operators. Therefore, external safety protection devices not only need to provide closed protection for the processing area, but also need to take into account the visual monitoring of the processing process and the orderly handling of scrap and cutting fluid. Existing external safety protection devices for five-axis machining centers mostly adopt an integrated protective shell with an opening and closing protective door as the basic structure. The protective door usually has a transparent observation window to monitor the processing status. Some protective devices have a simple slag discharge port at the bottom of the shell. However, the function of such protective devices is relatively simple, only providing basic closed protection. The observation window is easily contaminated by cutting fluid and metal dust, resulting in blurred vision. At the same time, the scrap collection lacks directional guidance and centralized treatment structure, and scrap can easily accumulate inside the protective shell, affecting the normal operation of the moving parts of the equipment.

[0003] Patent (CN 118385623 A) discloses a control device and system for a CNC lathe, comprising: a housing with a protective door on its surface; an L-shaped rod with a top support rod on its surface, a V-shaped rod on its surface, a first cleaning plate and a second cleaning plate on its surface, a through groove inside the housing with a movable plate on the inner wall of the through groove, and a receiving groove at the end of the through groove; and a piston rod disposed on the surface of the L-shaped rod. The beneficial effect is that the control device controls the piston rod to move, the piston rod drives the L-shaped rod to move, the L-shaped rod is connected to the protective door, realizing the opening and closing of the protective door, and during the movement of the L-shaped rod, the top support rod on the surface of the L-shaped rod... The support rod presses against the surface of the movable plate, causing the movable plate to move along the inner wall of the through groove. When the protective door is closed, the support rod presses the movable plate against the inner wall of the through groove, allowing debris to fall through the through groove. The above patent can realize the automatic opening and closing of the protective door of the CNC lathe control equipment. At the same time, when the protective door is closed, it drives the movable plate to move, allowing debris to fall through the through groove for simple chip removal. However, it is limited to the protection and simple chip removal functions of the CNC lathe control equipment, and the cleaning structure only targets debris in the through groove and does not involve cleaning the observation window. It cannot effectively meet the requirements of automatic cleaning of the observation window and directional collection of waste materials required for the external safety protection of a five-axis machining center.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that there are shortcomings such as the lack of an automatic cleaning structure for the observation window and the lack of a directional collection design for waste materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center.

[0006] This application provides an external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center, which adopts the following technical solution: An external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center includes a work platform with a cleaning device on one side. A protective shell is fitted over the work platform and the cleaning device, and two sets of protective doors are symmetrically arranged on the protective shell, with the protective doors slidably connected to the protective shell. An observation window is provided on each protective door. A slag discharge port is provided on the protective shell below the protective door. A collection unit is provided at the slag discharge port of the protective shell. A cleaning scraper is slidably arranged inside the observation window. A driving assembly is provided between the collection unit and the cleaning scraper, and the driving assembly is used to drive the cleaning scraper to slide. A gas nozzle is provided at the working end of the cleaning device, and the gas nozzle is used to spray air onto the collection unit.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective shell forms an overall external enclosure for the work platform and milling device. Combined with two sets of symmetrical protective doors slidably connected to the protective shell, the machining area can be quickly closed and opened, effectively preventing the splashing of cutting fluid and metal scrap during milling. It also reduces the impact of external dust and debris on machining accuracy, providing protection for the high-precision operation of the five-axis machining center. Observation windows are provided on the protective doors to monitor the internal milling status in real time. While achieving closed protection, the process is visualized. A cleaning scraper is installed inside the observation window to clean any dirt adhering to it, maintaining a clear view at all times. This resolves the contradiction between closed protection and visual monitoring, improving operational convenience. A gas nozzle is installed at the working end of the milling device, directing airflow towards the collection unit. Combined with the gravity of the scrap material, the solid waste generated during milling is quickly and directionally pushed into the collection unit, achieving centralized collection. A dedicated drive component is installed between the collection unit and the cleaning scraper, linking the waste collection action with the observation window cleaning action.

[0008] Preferably, the collection unit includes a guide plate and a collection box; the bottom of one side of the collection box is connected to the slag discharge port of the protective shell; an inlet is provided at the top of one side of the collection box, and a push-out port is provided at the bottom of one side of the collection box; one end of the guide plate is provided on the working platform, and the other end of the guide plate is provided on the collection box; a weighing component and a pressing component are provided inside the collection box; the weighing component is slidably disposed inside the collection box; one end of the pressing component is disposed on the drive component; and the other end of the pressing component is slidably disposed inside the collection box.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide plate is connected to the working platform and the inlet of the collection box at both ends, respectively. With the directional air jet from the gas nozzle, a waste guiding channel is formed from the processing area to the collection box, so that the milling waste enters the collection box accurately along the preset path, avoiding the accumulation of waste inside the protective device or in the processing area. The collection box integrates a weighing component and a pressing component to realize the integrated processing of waste collection, measurement and compaction. The weighing component can sense the weight of the accumulated waste by sliding itself, providing a precise trigger signal for subsequent compaction and cleaning actions. The pressing component can squeeze and compact the accumulated waste, effectively reducing the waste volume, greatly increasing the actual waste storage capacity of the collection box and reducing the frequency of waste cleaning.

[0010] Preferably, the weighing assembly includes two sets of guide rods, a support plate, and two sets of return springs; the two sets of guide rods are respectively fixedly disposed on both sides of the collection box, the two ends of the support plate are slidably disposed on the two sets of guide rods, and the two sets of return springs are respectively sleeved on the bottom of the two sets of guide rods; one end of the return spring is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the collection box, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the support plate; the support plate is provided with multiple sets of drainage holes; and the sides of both ends of the support plate are provided with drive grooves.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, relying on the sliding guidance of the guide rod and the elastic support of the return spring, the bearing plate slides smoothly along the guide rod as the weight of the accumulated waste changes. When the weight reaches the preset value, the downward movement is completed. The two sets of drive components set on both sides of the collection box are precisely triggered by the side drive groove. Multiple sets of drainage holes are opened on the bearing plate. After the mixture of milling waste and cutting fluid falls into the bearing plate, the cutting fluid can quickly seep downward through the drainage holes, realizing the synchronous separation of solid waste and cutting fluid. This avoids the accumulation of cutting fluid in the waste, which would cause the waste weight sensing deviation. At the same time, it improves the dryness of the collected waste, which is convenient for subsequent compaction and cleaning of the waste.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a top-force mechanism and a linkage mechanism; the top-force mechanism includes a mounting frame, a top rod, and a top-force spring; one end of the mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the protective housing, and the top rod is slidably mounted on the other end of the mounting frame; the top-force spring is sleeved on the top rod, one end of the top-force spring is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, and the other end of the top-force spring is fixedly mounted on the collection box; one end of the top rod passes through the collection box, and the top rod is slidably connected to the collection box, and one end of the top rod abuts against the side of the support plate; one end of the linkage mechanism is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod, and the other end of the linkage mechanism is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the top rod abuts against the side of the bearing plate, and the other end of the top rod is connected to the cleaning scraper through a linkage mechanism. When the bearing plate slides down due to the gravity of the waste, it directly pushes against the top rod. Through the transmission of the top force mechanism and the linkage mechanism, the weight sensing action of the weighing component is directly converted into the sliding cleaning action of the cleaning scraper. This achieves the synchronous triggering of the observation window being automatically cleaned by the cleaning scraper when the waste accumulates to a preset amount. The top force spring is sleeved on the top rod and connects the mounting bracket and the collection box. On the one hand, it provides elastic pushing force to the top rod, so that the top rod always remains in contact with the bearing plate. On the other hand, when the bearing plate resets, the elastic force drives the top rod to slide back and reset, thereby pulling the linkage mechanism to drive the cleaning scraper to clean again and automatically return to the initial position.

[0014] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes a first link, a rotating rod, a support rod, and a second link; one end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the protective housing, and the rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the other end of the support rod; one end of the first link is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod, and the other end of the first link is rotatably mounted on one end of the rotating rod; one end of the second link is rotatably mounted on the other end of the rotating rod, and the other end of the second link is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, relying on the support rod to limit the rotation of the rotating rod on a fixed axis, the first connecting rod receives the horizontal linear displacement of the top rod and converts it into the fixed-axis rotational motion of the rotating rod. Then, the second connecting rod restores the rotational power of the rotating rod to the sliding power of the cleaning scraper along the observation window, completing two precise motion conversions from horizontal linear motion to fixed-axis rotation and then to directional sliding. This perfectly adapts to the differences in spatial position and motion trajectory between the top rod and the cleaning scraper. The support rod limits the motion of the rotating rod to a fixed axis rotation around a fixed fulcrum, preventing the rotating rod from deviating or wobbling. This ensures that the displacement of the top rod, the rotation angle of the rotating rod, and the sliding stroke of the cleaning scraper form a fixed transmission ratio, achieving a precise correspondence of displacement.

[0016] Preferably, the pressing assembly includes a first push rod, a second push rod, a guide rail, two sets of sliders, and a pressure plate; both ends of the pressure plate are slidably disposed on the two sets of guide rods, and the pressure plate is located above the bearing plate; the guide rail is fixedly disposed on the top of the pressure plate, and the two sets of sliders are slidably disposed on the guide rail; one end of the first push rod is rotatably disposed on the rotating rod of one set of the linkage mechanism, and the other end of the first push rod is rotatably disposed on one set of the sliders; one end of the second push rod is rotatably disposed on the rotating rod of another set of the linkage mechanism, and the other end of the second push rod is rotatably disposed on another set of the sliders.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second push rods are directly hinged to the rotating rods of the linkage mechanism on both sides. The rotational power of the rotating rods provides the drive for the pressing action, so that the observation window cleaning action triggered by the accumulation of waste material is synchronized with the waste material compaction action. The fixed-axis rotation of the rotating rod drives the push rod to perform push-pull motion, and then the slider on the guide rail converts the swinging power of the push rod into the vertical directional sliding of the pressure plate along the guide rod. The transmission power of the linkage mechanism is efficiently converted into the downward pressure of waste material compaction, so as to achieve uniform compaction of waste material.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom of the collection box is provided with a drain outlet, and a drain pipe is provided on the drain outlet. One end of the drain pipe is connected to the collection box through the drain outlet, and the other end of the drain pipe is located outside the protective shell.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the drain pipe connects the drain outlet to the outside of the protective shell, allowing the separated cutting fluid to be directed to the collection container outside the equipment. This prevents the cutting fluid from leaking into the inside of the protective shell or the workshop floor from the slag discharge port, push port, or other locations, effectively maintaining the cleanliness of the processing area and the surrounding environment of the equipment, reducing operational safety hazards caused by oil stains and water accumulation on the workshop floor, and reducing the frequency of workshop cleaning and labor intensity.

[0020] Preferably, a baffle is slidably disposed on the slag discharge port, and a pushing component is disposed inside the slag discharge port. One end of the pushing component is slidably disposed in the pushing port, and the other end of the pushing component is rotatably disposed on the baffle.

[0021] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a pushing rod, a pushing plate, a third connecting rod, and a fourth connecting rod; the pushing plate is slidably disposed inside the collection box, one end of the pushing rod is fixedly disposed on the pushing plate, and the other end of the pushing rod is disposed outside the collection box through a pushing port; one end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the pushing rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to one side of the upper part of the baffle; one end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the pushing rod, and the other end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper part of the baffle.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the third and fourth links are symmetrically hinged between the upper two sides of the baffle and the end of the push rod, so that the vertical sliding power of the baffle is transmitted to the push rod synchronously and evenly, so that the force on both ends of the push rod is consistent, avoiding the push rod deflection and jamming caused by unilateral force, and ensuring that the push rod slides horizontally and linearly along the push opening, thereby driving the push plate to smoothly push the waste. Through the swinging motion of the third and fourth links, the vertical sliding displacement of the baffle along the slag discharge port is accurately converted into the horizontal linear displacement of the push rod along the push opening, so that the push plate pushes the compacted waste on the bearing plate as a whole and in a directional manner towards the slag discharge port, cleaning the waste in the collection box.

[0023] Preferably, the contact point between the cleaning scraper and the observation window is a rubber strip.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the rubber strip has good elastic deformation ability. When the cleaning scraper slides, it can rely on its own elasticity to closely fit the glass surface of the observation window, eliminate the gap between the scraper and the observation window, and remove various stains such as cutting fluid, metal dust, and waste debris from the observation window in one go, avoiding scraping residue or cleaning dead corners, and always ensuring a clear field of vision in the observation window.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Relying on the sliding guidance of the guide rod and the elastic support of the return spring, the bearing plate slides smoothly along the guide rod as the weight of the accumulated waste changes. When the weight reaches the preset value, the downward movement is completed. The two sets of drive components set on both sides of the collection box are precisely triggered by the side drive groove. Multiple sets of drainage holes are opened on the bearing plate. After the mixture of milling waste and cutting fluid falls into the bearing plate, the cutting fluid can quickly seep downward through the drainage holes, realizing the synchronous separation of solid waste and cutting fluid. This avoids the accumulation of cutting fluid in the waste, which would cause the waste weight sensing deviation. At the same time, it improves the dryness of the collected waste, which is convenient for subsequent compaction and cleaning of the waste.

[0026] 2. One end of the push rod abuts against the side of the support plate, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the cleaning scraper through a linkage mechanism. When the support plate slides down due to the weight of the waste, it directly pushes against the push rod. Through the transmission of the push force mechanism and the linkage mechanism, the weight sensing action of the weighing component is directly converted into the sliding cleaning action of the cleaning scraper. This achieves the synchronous triggering of the observation window to be automatically cleaned by the cleaning scraper when the waste accumulates to a preset amount. The push force spring is sleeved on the push rod and connects the mounting bracket and the collection box. On the one hand, it provides elastic pushing force to the push rod, so that the push rod always remains in contact with the support plate. On the other hand, when the support plate resets, the elastic force drives the push rod to slide back and reset, thereby pulling the linkage mechanism to drive the cleaning scraper to clean again and automatically return to the initial position. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell in the embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collection box in the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing component in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the push component in the embodiment.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Working platform; 2. Washing device; 21. Gas nozzle; 3. Protective housing; 31. Protective door; 311. Observation window; 32. Slag discharge port; 321. Baffle; 4. Collection unit; 41. Guide plate; 42. Collection box; 421. Push-out port; 422. Drain outlet; 423. Drain pipe; 424. Inlet; 5. Weighing assembly; 51. Guide rod; 52. Bearing plate; 521. Drain hole; 522. Drive groove; 53. Return spring; 6. 61. Pressing assembly; 62. First push rod; 63. Second push rod; 64. Guide rail; 65. Slider; 76. Pressure plate; 77. Drive assembly; 71. Top force mechanism; 711. Mounting bracket; 712. Top rod; 713. Top force spring; 72. Linkage mechanism; 721. First link; 722. Rotating rod; 723. Support rod; 724. Second link; 8. Cleaning scraper; 98. Pushing assembly; 91. Pushing rod; 92. Push plate; 93. Third link; 94. Fourth link. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0035] This application discloses an external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2The system includes a work platform 1, with a cleaning device 2 installed on one side of the work platform 1. A protective housing 3 is fitted over the work platform 1 and the cleaning device 2. Two sets of protective doors 31 are symmetrically arranged on the protective housing 3, and the protective doors 31 are slidably connected to the protective housing 3. An observation window 311 is provided on the protective door 31. The symmetrical protective doors 31 on the protective housing 3 are slid open to place the workpiece to be processed on the work platform 1, and the protective doors 31 are slid closed in the opposite direction. The internal processing status is monitored through the observation window 311 on the protective door 31. A slag discharge port 32 is provided on the protective housing 3 below the protective door 31. A collection unit 4 is provided at the slag discharge port 32 of the protective housing 3. A cleaning scraper 8 is slidably arranged on the inner side of the observation window 311, and the cleaning scraper 8 abuts against the observation window 311. The cleaning unit 4 is equipped with a rubber strip; a drive assembly 7 is provided between the collection unit 4 and the cleaning scraper 8, which is used to drive the cleaning scraper 8 to slide; a gas nozzle 21 is provided at the working end of the washing device 2, which is used to spray air onto the collection unit 4. The solid waste generated by milling moves towards the collection unit 4 under the thrust of the airflow from the gas nozzle 21 and its own gravity, and falls into the collection unit 4 at the slag discharge port 32, thus completing the centralized collection of waste. The drive assembly 7 between the collection unit 4 and the cleaning scraper 8 operates synchronously, driving the cleaning scraper 8 inside the observation window 311 to slide along the surface of the observation window 311. The rubber strip that abuts the cleaning scraper 8 against the observation window 311 fits against the inside of the observation window 311, scraping away the stains that adhered to the observation window 311 during the processing.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The collection unit 4 includes a guide plate 41 and a collection box 42. The bottom of one side of the collection box 42 is connected to the slag discharge port 32 of the protective shell 3. An inlet 424 is provided at the top of one side of the collection box 42. The mixture of solid waste generated by milling and cutting fluid is pushed into the collection box 42 through the thrust of the gas nozzle 21 and the directional guidance of the guide plate 41. A push-out port 421 is provided at the bottom of one side of the collection box 42. One end of the guide plate 41 is set on the working platform 1, and the other end of the guide plate 41 is set on the collection box 42. A weighing component 5 and a pressing component 6 are provided inside the collection box 42. The weighing component 5 is slidably set inside the collection box 42. One end of the pressing component 6 is set on the drive component 7. The other end of the pressing component 6 is slidably set inside the collection box 42. When the waste collected by the weighing component 5 reaches a certain weight, it means that the working time has reached the set length. At this time, the drive component 7 is activated to make the cleaning scraper 8 slide, so that the observation window 311 is cleaned periodically.

[0037] The weighing assembly 5 includes two sets of guide rods 51, a support plate 52, and two sets of return springs 53. The two sets of guide rods 51 are fixedly installed on both sides inside the collection box 42. The two ends of the support plate 52 are slidably mounted on the two sets of guide rods 51. The two sets of return springs 53 are respectively sleeved on the bottom of the two sets of guide rods 51. One end of each return spring 53 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the collection box 42, and the other end is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support plate 52. The support plate 52 has multiple sets of drainage holes 521. Drive grooves 522 are provided on the sides at both ends of the support plate 52. A drain outlet 422 is provided at the bottom of the collection box 422, and a drain pipe 4 is installed on the drain outlet 422. 23. One end of the drain pipe 423 is connected to the collection box 42 through the drain outlet 422, and the other end of the drain pipe 423 is set outside the protective shell 3. After the waste falls onto the support plate 52 inside the collection box, the cutting fluid seeps downward through the multiple sets of drainage holes 521 on the support plate 52 and is discharged to the outside of the protective shell 3 through the drain outlet 422 and drain pipe 423 at the bottom of the collection box 42. The solid waste is left on the support plate 52. When the solid waste accumulates on the support plate 52 and the weight of the waste is greater than the supporting force of the return spring 53, the support plate 52 slides downward along the two sets of guide rods 51, and the gravity sensing of the waste accumulation is completed simultaneously, providing a trigger basis for the subsequent pressing action.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 Two sets of drive components 7 are respectively located on both sides of the collection box 42. Each drive component 7 includes a lifting mechanism 71 and a linkage mechanism 72. The lifting mechanism 71 includes a mounting frame 711, a lifting rod 712, and a lifting spring 713. One end of the mounting frame 711 is fixedly mounted on the protective housing 3, and the lifting rod 712 is slidably mounted on the other end of the mounting frame 711. The lifting spring 713 is sleeved on the lifting rod 712, with one end fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 711 and the other end fixedly mounted on the collection box 42. One end of the lifting rod 712 penetrates the collection box 42 and is slidably connected to it. One end of the lifting rod 712 is connected to the support plate 52. Side contact; one end of the linkage mechanism 72 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod 712, and the other end of the linkage mechanism 72 is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper 8; the linkage mechanism 72 includes a first connecting rod 721, a rotating rod 722, a support rod 723, and a second connecting rod 724; one end of the support rod 723 is fixedly mounted on the protective housing 3, and the rotating rod 722 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the support rod 723; one end of the first connecting rod 721 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod 712, and the other end of the first connecting rod 721 is rotatably mounted on one end of the rotating rod 722; one end of the second connecting rod 724 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the rotating rod 722, and the other end of the second connecting rod 724 is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper 8.

[0039] Reference Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 5 Waste accumulates on the support plate 52 inside the collection box 42, causing the support plate 52 to slide downwards along the guide rod 51 under its weight. When the support plate 52 slides downwards to a preset position, the drive groove 522 on the side of the support plate 52 connects with the end of the top rod 712 that penetrates the collection box 42. Under the pushing force of the drive groove 522 and the elastic force of the top spring 713, the top rod 712 slides directionally into the collection box 42 along the mounting frame 711. The sliding of the top rod 712 drives the movement of the first connecting rod 721, and the first connecting rod 721 pushes the first connecting rod 721 to rotate around the end of the support rod 723. The rotating rod 722 rotates... Simultaneously, the second connecting rod 724 is driven to rotate synchronously, converting the linear displacement of the top rod 712 into the sliding power of the cleaning scraper 8, causing the cleaning scraper 8 to clean the observation window 311. After the waste in the collection box 42 is cleaned, the gravity on the bearing plate 52 disappears, and it slides upward along the guide rod 51 under the elastic restoring force of the return spring 53. The drive groove 522 disengages from the push against the top rod 712, and the top rod 712 slides back to its reset under the action of the top force spring 713. The connecting rod mechanism 72 moves in the opposite direction as the top rod 712 resets, causing the cleaning scraper 8 to slide in the opposite direction to clean and reset again.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The pressing assembly 6 includes a first push rod 61, a second push rod 62, a guide rail 63, two sets of sliders 64, and a pressure plate 65. Both ends of the pressure plate 65 are slidably mounted on two sets of guide rods 51, and the pressure plate 65 is located above the bearing plate 52. The guide rail 63 is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure plate 65, and the two sets of sliders 64 are slidably mounted on the guide rail 63. One end of the first push rod 61 is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod 722 of a linkage mechanism 72, and the other end of the first push rod 61 is rotatably mounted on one set of sliders 64. One end of the second push rod 62 is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod 722 of another linkage mechanism 72, and the other end of the second push rod 62 is rotatably mounted on another set of sliders 64. The accumulation of milling waste causes the support plate 52 to slide down, triggering the sliding of the top rods 712 of the two drive components 7 and driving their respective rotating rods 722 to rotate around the fixed axis of the support rod 723. When the rotating rods 722 rotate, they push the first push rod 61 and the second push rod 62 to perform push-pull movements respectively. The pushing and pulling force of the first push rod 61 and the second push rod 62 is converted into sliding displacement along the guide rail 63 through the slider 64. The combined sliding force of the two sets of sliders 64 along the guide rail 63 drives the pressure plate 65, causing the pressure plate 65 to slide vertically downward along the two sets of guide rods 51 in the collection box 42. After the pressure plate 65 slides down to contact the milling waste on the support plate 52, it continuously applies downward pressure to squeeze and compact the waste.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6A baffle 321 is slidably disposed on the slag discharge port 32, and a pushing component 9 is disposed inside the slag discharge port 32. One end of the pushing component 9 is slidably disposed on the pushing port 421, and the other end of the pushing component 9 is rotatably disposed on the baffle 321. The pushing component 9 includes a pushing rod 91, a pushing plate 92, a third connecting rod 93, and a fourth connecting rod 94. The pushing plate 92 is slidably disposed inside the collection box 42, and one end of the pushing rod 91 is fixedly disposed on the pushing plate 92. The other end of the pushing rod 91 is pushed by a pushing mechanism. The outlet 421 is located outside the collection box 42; one end of the third connecting rod 93 is rotatably connected to the other end of the push rod 91, and the other end of the third connecting rod 93 is rotatably connected to one side of the upper part of the baffle 321; one end of the fourth connecting rod 94 is rotatably connected to the other end of the push rod 91, and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 94 is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper part of the baffle 321; when the waste in the collection box 42 is compacted and needs to be cleaned, the baffle 321 at the slag discharge outlet 32 ​​is pulled upwards to block... The baffle 321 slides upward along the slag discharge port 32. The upper sides of the baffle 321 respectively drive the hinged third link 93 and fourth link 94 to move synchronously. The other ends of the third link 93 and fourth link 94 are hinged to the end of the push rod 91 located outside the collection box 42. The push rod 91 is limited by the push port 421 and can only slide horizontally. The rotational force of the link is converted into a horizontal thrust of the push rod 91 along the push port 421 into the collection box 42. The collection box 42 moves inside, causing the push plate 92 to slide horizontally along the inside of the collection box 42. The push plate 92 pushes against the compacted waste material and pushes the waste material in a directional direction toward the slag discharge port 32, so that the compacted waste material is pushed out through the slag discharge port 32. After the waste material is pushed out, the baffle 321 slides along the slag discharge port 32 back to the initial position. The baffle 321 drives the third connecting rod 93 and the fourth connecting rod 94 to swing in the opposite direction, pulling the push rod 91 to horizontally reset along the push port 421 to the outside of the collection box 42.

[0042] The working principle of the external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center in this application is as follows: The symmetrical protective door 31 of the protective housing 3 is slid open, the workpiece to be processed is placed on the work platform 1, and then the protective door 31 is closed to form a closed milling space. The internal processing status is monitored in real time through the observation window 311 of the protective door 31. The milling device 2 performs milling processing on the workpiece. During the processing, the gas nozzle 21 continuously sprays air towards the collection unit 4. The solid waste generated during milling, mixed with the cutting fluid, enters the collection box 42 from the top inlet 424 under the thrust of the airflow, the gravity of the waste itself, and the directional guidance of the guide plate 41, completing the initial collection of waste. After the mixture falls into the support plate 52 of the collection box 42, the cutting fluid leaks through the support plate 52. Through hole 521, the solid waste permeates and is discharged to the outside through drain outlet 422 and drain pipe 423 at the bottom of collection box 42, achieving solid-liquid separation. Solid waste continuously accumulates on the support plate 52. When the weight overcomes the supporting force of the return spring 53 at the bottom of guide rod 51, the support plate 52 slides downward along guide rod 51, completing the gravity sensing of the waste accumulation. The support plate 52 slides down to the preset position, and the drive groove 522 on the side of the support plate 52 pushes against the top rods 712 on both sides of the collection box 42. Under the action of the top force spring 713, the top rods 712 slide into the box, driving the first connecting rod 721, rotating rod 722, and second connecting rod 724 of the linkage mechanism 72 to drive in sequence, converting the linear displacement of the top rod 712 into the sliding power of the cleaning scraper 8, so that the cleaning scraper 8 moves along the observation path. The inner side of window 311 slides, and the rubber strip scrapes away the stains on the observation window 311. At the same time, the rotating rods 722 on both sides rotate synchronously to push the first push rod 61 and the second push rod 62 of the pressing assembly 6. The first push rod 61 and the second push rod 62 convert the rotational power into the vertical downward pressure of the pressure plate 65 through the slider 64 on the guide rail 63, so that the pressure plate 65 slides down along the guide rod 51 to squeeze and compact the accumulated solid waste. When the waste in the collection box 42 is compacted, the baffle 321 at the slag discharge port 32 is pulled upward. The sliding of the baffle 321 drives the third connecting rod 93 and the fourth connecting rod 94 to swing, converting the vertical power of the baffle 321 into the horizontal thrust of the push rod 91. The push rod 91 moves into the box along the push port 421, causing the push plate 92 to slide horizontally. The compacted waste is pushed out along the slag discharge port 32. After the waste is cleaned, the baffle 321 is pushed down to cover the slag discharge port 32. The baffle 321 drives the connecting rod to swing in the opposite direction, pulling the push rod 91 and the push plate 92 back to the initial position, completing the overall reset of the slag discharge assembly. After the compacted waste in the collection box 42 is cleaned, the bearing plate 52 slides upward and resets under the action of the reset spring 53. The drive groove 522 disengages from the push against the top rod 712. The top rod 712 slides in the opposite direction under the action of the top force spring 713, driving the connecting rod mechanism 72 to reverse transmission, so that the cleaning scraper 8 slides in the opposite direction to clean the observation window 311 again and returns to the initial position. At the same time, the rotating rod 722 rotates in the opposite direction, pulling the pressure plate 65 upward along the guide rod 51 through the push rod.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center, characterized in that: The device includes a working platform (1), a washing device (2) is provided on one side of the working platform (1); a protective shell (3) is fitted on the outside of the working platform (1) and the washing device (2), two sets of protective doors (31) are symmetrically arranged on the protective shell (3), and the protective doors (31) are slidably connected to the protective shell (3); an observation window (311) is provided on the protective door (31); a slag discharge port (32) is provided on the protective shell (3) below the protective door (31); a collection unit (4) is provided at the slag discharge port (32) of the protective shell (3); a cleaning scraper (8) is slidably arranged on the inside of the observation window (311); a driving component (7) is provided between the collection unit (4) and the cleaning scraper (8), and the driving component (7) is used to drive the cleaning scraper (8) to slide; a gas nozzle (21) is provided at the working end of the washing device (2), and the gas nozzle (21) is used to spray air onto the collection unit (4).

2. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection unit (4) includes a guide plate (41) and a collection box (42); the bottom of one side of the collection box (42) is connected to the slag discharge port (32) of the protective shell (3); an inlet (424) is provided on the top of one side of the collection box (42), and a push-out port (421) is provided on the bottom of one side of the collection box (42); one end of the guide plate (41) is provided on the working platform (1), and the other end of the guide plate (41) is provided on the collection box (42); a weighing component (5) and a pressing component (6) are provided inside the collection box (42); the weighing component (5) is slidably disposed inside the collection box (42); one end of the pressing component (6) is disposed on the driving component (7); and the other end of the pressing component (6) is slidably disposed inside the collection box (42).

3. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weighing assembly (5) includes two sets of guide rods (51), a support plate (52), and two sets of return springs (53). The two sets of guide rods (51) are fixedly installed on both sides inside the collection box (42). The two ends of the support plate (52) are slidably installed on the two sets of guide rods (51). The two sets of return springs (53) are respectively sleeved on the bottom of the two sets of guide rods (51). One end of the return spring (53) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the collection box (42), and the other end of the return spring (53) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support plate (52). The support plate (52) is provided with multiple sets of drainage holes (521). The sides of both ends of the support plate (52) are provided with drive grooves (522).

4. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly (7) includes a force-lifting mechanism (71) and a linkage mechanism (72); the force-lifting mechanism (71) includes a mounting bracket (711), a push rod (712), and a force-lifting spring (713); one end of the mounting bracket (711) is fixedly mounted on the protective housing (3), and the push rod (712) is slidably mounted on the other end of the mounting bracket (711); the force-lifting spring (713) is sleeved on the push rod (712), and one end of the force-lifting spring (713) is fixedly mounted on the push rod (712). On the mounting bracket (711), the other end of the top force spring (713) is fixedly mounted on the collection box (42); one end of the top rod (712) passes through the collection box (42), the top rod (712) is slidably connected to the collection box (42), and one end of the top rod (712) abuts against the side of the bearing plate (52); one end of the linkage mechanism (72) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod (712), and the other end of the linkage mechanism (72) is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper (8).

5. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (72) includes a first link (721), a rotating rod (722), a support rod (723), and a second link (724); one end of the support rod (723) is fixedly mounted on the protective housing (3), and the rotating rod (722) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the support rod (723); one end of the first link (721) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the top rod (712), and the other end of the first link (721) is rotatably mounted on one end of the rotating rod (722); one end of the second link (724) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the rotating rod (722), and the other end of the second link (724) is rotatably mounted on the cleaning scraper (8).

6. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (6) includes a first push rod (61), a second push rod (62), a guide rail (63), two sets of sliders (64), and a pressure plate (65); the two ends of the pressure plate (65) are slidably disposed on two sets of guide rods (51), and the pressure plate (65) is located above the bearing plate (52); the guide rail (63) is fixedly disposed on the top of the pressure plate (65), and the two sets of sliders (64) are slidably disposed on the guide rail (63); one end of the first push rod (61) is rotatably disposed on the rotating rod (722) of one set of the linkage mechanism (72), and the other end of the first push rod (61) is rotatably disposed on one set of sliders (64); one end of the second push rod (62) is rotatably disposed on the rotating rod (722) of another set of the linkage mechanism (72), and the other end of the second push rod (62) is rotatably disposed on another set of sliders (64).

7. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the collection box (42) is provided with a drain outlet (422), and a drain pipe (423) is provided on the drain outlet (422). One end of the drain pipe (423) is connected to the collection box (42) through the drain outlet (422), and the other end of the drain pipe (423) is located outside the protective shell (3).

8. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (321) is slidably disposed on the slag discharge port (32), and a pushing component (9) is disposed inside the slag discharge port (32). One end of the pushing component (9) is slidably disposed on the pushing port (421), and the other end of the pushing component (9) is rotatably disposed on the baffle (321).

9. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (9) includes a pushing rod (91), a pushing plate (92), a third connecting rod (93), and a fourth connecting rod (94); the pushing plate (92) is slidably disposed inside the collection box (42), one end of the pushing rod (91) is fixedly disposed on the pushing plate (92), and the other end of the pushing rod (91) is disposed outside the collection box (42) through the pushing port (421); one end of the third connecting rod (93) is rotatably connected to the other end of the pushing rod (91), and the other end of the third connecting rod (93) is rotatably connected to one side of the upper part of the baffle (321); one end of the fourth connecting rod (94) is rotatably connected to the other end of the pushing rod (91), and the other end of the fourth connecting rod (94) is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper part of the baffle (321).

10. The external safety protection device for a five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact point between the cleaning scraper (8) and the observation window (311) is a rubber strip.

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