Formwork fixing device for preventing column foot from leaking slurry and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a formwork fixing device for preventing column foot slurry leakage and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The device is a closed positioning frame formed by mutually connecting a plurality of sections of profile steel components through splicing connecting pieces; the profile steel component comprises a first limb plate and a second limb plate which are perpendicular to each other, the first limb plate is used for limiting the formwork on the outer side of the formwork, and the second limb plate is used for making contact with the ground; a groove is formed in the bottom surface of the second limb plate of each section of the profile steel member, and the grooves extend and penetrate in the length direction of the profile steel member; a sealing rubber strip is embedded in the groove, and the bottom of the sealing rubber strip exceeds the lower edge of the second limb plate; and positioning nails for fixing the closed positioning frame on the ground are also arranged. During construction, the bottom of the formwork directly falls to the ground, and the device wraps the root of the formwork from the outer side for sealing. The device solves the problems of slurry leakage and root rotting of column feet in a traditional process, is reliable in sealing, adapts to uneven ground, is quick to mount and can be reused, and the concrete construction quality is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a formwork fixing device and construction method for preventing grout leakage at column bases. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of cast-in-place concrete walls and columns in building engineering, the installation and fixing of formwork is a crucial step in ensuring the dimensional accuracy and forming quality of the components. Traditional construction methods often use timber and steel pipe supports combined with tie rods to fix the formwork. However, this method often results in poor adhesion between the bottom of the formwork (i.e., the column base) and the ground (or floor), leaving gaps. When pouring concrete, cement slurry can easily leak out through these gaps, causing "grout leakage." Grout leakage not only leads to the waste of concrete materials and pollution of the construction environment, but more seriously, it can cause the concrete at the column base to be loose, forming a "rotten root" defect, significantly reducing the load-bearing capacity, durability, and appearance quality of the component.

[0003] To address the problem of grout leakage and root rot, existing technologies have proposed several improvements. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN220705165U discloses an "adjustable column positioning and anti-root rot tool." This tool uses multiple U-shaped angle steel units connected by bolts to assemble a frame that matches the column cross-section. Its key design feature is that during construction, one side unit group can be left uninstalled, creating an opening to allow for thorough cleaning of debris inside the column base after formwork erection and before concrete pouring, preventing root rot caused by slag inclusion. The opening is then closed after cleaning. However, this solution has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Firstly, its sealing mainly relies on the horizontal plate at the bottom of the unit to contact the plane of the ground, which requires a high degree of flatness of the ground. It cannot effectively adapt to common ground micro-bumps and unevenness, resulting in insufficient sealing reliability and limited grout leakage prevention effect.

[0005] Secondly, it requires the assembly of a large number of small unit components and follows a specific process of "leaving openings - cleaning - sealing", resulting in low installation efficiency and the small components are easily damaged or lost.

[0006] Thirdly, its main purpose is to clean up garbage and prevent slag from getting trapped. It does not provide an effective solution to the fundamental problem of actively sealing gaps to prevent grout leakage, and it is especially unable to cope with complex or uneven ground conditions.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a structurally sound, reliable, adaptable, and rapidly standardized anti-grout leakage device and method for column bases, in order to fundamentally solve the common quality problem of grout leakage and root rot in cast-in-place concrete column bases. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a simple, reliable, and adaptable anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases that can adapt to different ground conditions. It also provides a construction method using this anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device to ensure the stability and reliability of the anti-grout leakage effect, thereby improving construction quality and efficiency.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a column base grout leakage prevention formwork fixing device, comprising a closed positioning frame formed by multiple sections of steel components connected together by splicing connectors, wherein the shape of the closed positioning frame matches the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the wall column to be poured; the steel components include a first limb plate and a second limb plate that are perpendicular to each other, the first limb plate being used to limit the formwork on the outside of the formwork, and the second limb plate being used to contact the ground; the bottom surface of the second limb plate of each section of the steel component is provided with a groove, the groove extending along the length direction of the steel component and penetrating through; a sealing rubber strip is embedded in the groove, the bottom of the sealing rubber strip extending beyond the lower edge of the second limb plate; and multiple positioning nails are also provided for fixing the closed positioning frame to the ground.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing rubber strip has an inverted trapezoidal cross-section, with its bottom extending 3-5 mm beyond the lower edge of the steel component.

[0011] Furthermore, the second limb plate has a plurality of mounting holes spaced apart along its length for mounting positioning pins, and the mounting holes are located outside the groove; the positioning pins are inserted into the mounting holes and driven into the ground.

[0012] Furthermore, the head of the positioning nail is provided with anti-slip texture, and the positioning nail is driven into the ground at an angle of 45°-60° with the ground.

[0013] Furthermore, the splicing connector includes metal clips and double-sided sealing strips disposed at the connection between two adjacent steel sections.

[0014] Furthermore, a waterproof sealant layer is applied to the outer side of the sealing rubber strip that contacts the ground.

[0015] The construction method using a formwork fixing device to prevent grout leakage at column bases includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Ground pretreatment: Clean the ground in the construction area and level any uneven areas;

[0017] S2. Device assembly: The sealing rubber strip is embedded into the groove of the steel component, and the splicing connectors are used to splice the multiple steel components into a closed positioning frame that matches the cross-sectional dimensions of the wall column.

[0018] S3. Positioning and fixing: Place the closed positioning frame in the preset position and calibrate it, then fix the frame to the ground with positioning nails;

[0019] S4. Sealing reinforcement: Apply waterproof sealant to the outside of the sealing rubber strip that contacts the ground;

[0020] S5. Template erection: The inner side of the template is attached to the inner side of the steel component of the closed positioning frame, and the template is fixed.

[0021] S6. Concrete pouring and curing;

[0022] S7. Removal: After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove the formwork support system, positioning nails, and the anti-leakage formwork fixing device at the column base in sequence.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the waterproof sealant is applied with a width of 20-30 mm and a thickness of 5-8 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S3, a laser rangefinder is used to calibrate the center line of the frame and the design center line of the wall column, and positioning nails are driven into the ground at 500mm intervals along the outside of the steel component.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S5, ensure that the bottom of the template is flush with the top of the closed positioning frame, the gap between the template and the inner side of the angle steel is ≤0.5mm, and the verticality error of the template is ≤2‰.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, by setting up a steel component + sealing rubber strip + external waterproof sealant layer, the sealing rubber strip actively adapts to uneven ground, and the sealant fills micro gaps, completely sealing the leakage path from two levels: physical elastic sealing and material filling sealing. The leakage prevention effect is improved, the root rot problem is effectively solved, and the concrete column base strength compliance rate is increased.

[0027] The elastic deformation capability of the sealing rubber strip can compensate for ground undulations within a certain range, thus broadening its application scope and solving the application limitations of traditional rigid sealing devices.

[0028] The closed positioning frame itself provides a precise bottom positioning reference for the template. The angled positioning nails provide resistance far exceeding that of vertical nailing, ensuring the absolute stability of the device during the pouring process and guaranteeing the accuracy of the column cross-sectional dimensions.

[0029] The supporting construction methods quantify key parameters, transforming traditional construction methods that rely on worker experience into standardized operations, avoiding subjective errors, and significantly improving the stability and traceability of construction quality.

[0030] The device is quick to assemble, eliminating the need for a complex "pre-cleaning-sealing" cycle. With fewer components, it is less prone to loss or damage, and can be reused, effectively reducing construction costs and material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases and the formwork disclosed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases and the formwork disclosed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of removing the sealing rubber strip;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a front view of the anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases disclosed in this invention, in conjunction with the formwork and the ground.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the anti-grout leakage template fixing device and template cooperation disclosed in this invention.

[0036] In the diagram, template 1, steel component 2, first limb plate 2-1, second limb plate 2-2, groove 2-3, positioning nail 3, sealing rubber strip 4, and waterproof sealant layer 5. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The terms "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the direction or positional relationship based on Figure 4 The orientations or positional relationships shown are for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the figures are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device disclosed in this invention, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it includes a closed positioning frame composed of multiple steel sections 2 connected together by splicing connectors. The shape of the closed positioning frame matches the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the wall column to be poured. For example, if the horizontal cross-section of the wall column to be poured is rectangular, then the closed positioning frame is rectangular; if the horizontal cross-section of the wall column to be poured is square, then the closed positioning frame is square. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 The example shown is square.

[0041] The steel component 2 can be made of carbon structural steel and includes a first limb plate 2-1 and a second limb plate 2-2 that are perpendicular to each other. The first limb plate 2-1 is used to limit the template 1 on the outside of the template 1, and the second limb plate 2-2 is used to contact the ground.

[0042] Each section of the steel component 2 has a groove 2-3 on the bottom surface of its second limb plate 2-2. The bottom surface of the second limb plate 2-2 is the side that contacts the ground, and the top surface is opposite to it. The first limb plate 2-1 is fixed to the top surface. The groove 2-3 extends and penetrates along the length of the steel component 2. The groove 2-3 can be an indented groove formed by machining on the bottom surface of the second limb plate 2-2, or it can be a grooved strip component fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second limb plate 2-2.

[0043] A sealing rubber strip 4 is embedded in the groove 2-3. After being embedded in the groove 2-3, the sealing rubber strip 4 extends beyond the lower edge of the second limb plate 2-2. The cross-section of the sealing rubber strip 4 is an inverted trapezoid, and its bottom extends 3-5 mm beyond the lower edge of the steel component 2 to meet the requirements of fitting the uneven bottom surface. This overhanging arrangement of the sealing rubber strip 4 allows it to contact the ground before the steel component 2, using its elastic deformation to fill and seal the minor unevenness of the ground, achieving active adaptive sealing.

[0044] To securely fix the entire closed positioning frame and prevent it from shifting under the lateral pressure of concrete, multiple positioning nails 3 are provided to fix the closed positioning frame to the ground. Multiple mounting holes for installing the positioning nails 3 are spaced apart along the length of the second limb plate 2-2, and the mounting holes are located outside the grooves 2-3, meaning the area enclosed by all the grooves 2-3 is within the area enclosed by all the mounting holes. The positioning nails 3 pass through the pre-reserved mounting holes on the steel member 2 and are driven into the ground at an angle of 45°-60°, providing reliable pull-out and lateral displacement restraint.

[0045] Furthermore, the splicing connector includes metal clips and double-sided sealing strips (not shown in the figure) installed at the connection between two adjacent steel components 2. The clips enable quick mechanical locking of adjacent steel components 2, while the sealing strips fill the splice joint, ensuring the sealing continuity of the entire frame splice and preventing grout from seeping out from the joint.

[0046] To further improve sealing and prevent grout from seeping out from the joints. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a waterproof sealant layer 5 is coated on the outer side of the sealing rubber strip 4 that contacts the ground, forming a dual guarantee of elastomeric compression sealing and sealant filling.

[0047] The construction method for preventing grout leakage at column bases using a formwork fixing device includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Ground pretreatment:

[0049] Clean the construction area, removing debris, dust, and standing water; level uneven areas, including grinding down protruding lumps and filling severely sunken areas with C20 leveling mortar. After curing for 24 hours, ensure the ground is flat.

[0050] S2. Device assembly:

[0051] Embed the sealing rubber strip 4 into the grooves 2-3 of the steel component 2, ensuring the embedding depth is in place and there is no looseness. Then, use splicing connectors to splice the multiple sections of the steel component 2 into a closed positioning frame that matches the cross-sectional dimensions of the wall column. Press and seal the joints with sealing rubber strips.

[0052] S3. Fixed Position:

[0053] Place the closed positioning frame in the preset position and calibrate the center line of the frame with the design center line of the wall column using a laser rangefinder. Drive positioning nails 3 into the ground at an angle of 45°-60° every 500mm along the outer side of the steel member 2 to fix the closed positioning frame.

[0054] S4. Sealing Enhancement:

[0055] Apply a 20-30mm wide and 5-8mm thick waterproof sealant to the outer side of the sealing rubber strip 4 that contacts the ground. Press and close the positioning frame to make the sealing rubber strip fit tightly to the ground, and use the elasticity of the sealing rubber strip to compensate for the slight deformation of the ground.

[0056] S5. Template erection:

[0057] Attach the template to the inside of the steel component 2, such as Figure 5As shown, the bottom of the template is supported by the part of the second limb plate 2-2 located within the closed positioning frame, and the width of the part of the second limb plate 2-2 located within the closed positioning frame is adapted to the thickness of the template to avoid direct contact with the ground. At the same time, the part of the second limb plate 2-2 located within the closed positioning frame is completely covered by the bottom surface of the template, so that during the concrete pouring process, the grout only contacts the template 1 and does not contact the top surface of the second limb plate 2-2 of the steel component 2. The templates are fixed to the steel pipe support system by tie rods to ensure that the gap between the template and the angle steel is ≤0.5mm and the verticality error of the template is ≤2‰.

[0058] S6. Concrete pouring and curing:

[0059] After checking the tightness of the positioning nails, the tightness of the joints of the steel components, and the stability of the formwork, a layered pouring method was adopted. During the pouring process, the column base seal was monitored in real time. If leakage was found, the pouring was stopped immediately and the seal was replenished.

[0060] S7. Demolition:

[0061] After the concrete reaches the required strength (usually 70% of the design strength), first remove the formwork support system and tie rods, then pull out the positioning nails 3, and finally remove the steel components 2 and sealing rubber strips. The device can be reused after cleaning.

[0062] This construction method changes the traditional, complex process of first sealing and then setting up formwork or leaving cleaning openings. The construction sequence is: preparing the ground → assembling the fixing device → positioning and anchoring → applying external sealant → erecting formwork → pouring concrete. The sealing function is entirely handled by the specially designed fixing device, with the formwork serving only as a forming mold. This clear division of labor greatly improves construction efficiency and the controllability of the sealing quality.

[0063] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to embodiments thereof, the above embodiments are merely general implementations of the present invention, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formwork fixing device for preventing mortar leakage at a column foot, characterized in that, It includes a closed positioning frame consisting of multiple steel sections (2) connected to each other by splicing connectors, the shape of which matches the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the wall column to be poured; The steel member (2) includes a first limb plate (2-1) and a second limb plate (2-2) that are perpendicular to each other. The first limb plate (2-1) is used to limit the template (1) on the outside of the template (1), and the second limb plate (2-2) is used to contact the ground. The bottom surface of the second limb plate (2-2) of each section of the steel member (2) is provided with a groove (2-3), which extends and penetrates along the length of the steel member (2); A sealing rubber strip (4) is embedded in the groove (2-3), and the bottom of the sealing rubber strip (4) extends beyond the lower edge of the second limb plate (2-2); a plurality of positioning nails (3) are also provided for fixing the closed positioning frame to the ground.

2. The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the sealing rubber strip (4) is an inverted trapezoid, and its bottom extends 3-5 mm beyond the lower edge of the steel component (2).

3. The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second limb plate (2-2) has a plurality of mounting holes for mounting positioning pins (3) spaced apart along its length, and the mounting holes are located outside the groove (2-3); the positioning pins (3) are inserted into the mounting holes and driven into the ground.

4. The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases according to claim 3, characterized in that, The head of the positioning nail (3) is provided with anti-slip texture, and the positioning nail (3) is driven into the ground at an angle of 45°-60° with the ground.

5. The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing connector includes a metal buckle and a double-sided sealing strip at the connection between two adjacent steel components (2).

6. The anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A waterproof sealant layer (5) is applied to the outer side of the sealing rubber strip (4) that is in contact with the ground.

7. A construction method using the anti-grout leakage formwork fixing device for column bases as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Ground pretreatment: Clean the ground in the construction area and level any uneven areas; S2. Assembly of the device: The sealing rubber strip (4) is embedded in the groove (2-3) of the steel component (2), and the multiple steel components (2) are spliced ​​together to form a closed positioning frame that matches the cross-sectional dimensions of the wall column using splicing connectors. S3, Positioning and Fixing: Place the closed positioning frame in the preset position and calibrate it, and fix the frame to the ground by positioning nails (3); S4. Sealing reinforcement: Apply waterproof sealant to the outside of the sealing rubber strip (4) that is in contact with the ground; S5. Template erection: The inner side of the template (1) is attached to the inner side of the steel component (2) of the closed positioning frame, and the template (1) is fixed. S6. Concrete pouring and curing; S7. Removal: After the concrete strength reaches the required level, remove the formwork (1) support system, positioning nails (3) and the anti-column base grout leakage formwork fixing device in sequence.

8. The construction method for preventing grout leakage at column bases according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the waterproof sealant is applied with a width of 20-30 mm and a thickness of 5-8 mm.

9. The construction method for preventing grout leakage at column bases according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, a laser rangefinder is used to calibrate the center line of the frame and the design center line of the wall column, and positioning nails (3) are driven into the ground at 500mm intervals along the outside of the steel component (2).

10. The construction method for preventing grout leakage at column bases according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S5, ensure that the bottom of the template (1) is flush with the top of the closed positioning frame, the gap between the template (1) and the inner side of the angle steel is ≤0.5mm, and the verticality error of the template is ≤2‰.

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