Roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, vibration reduction control method and photovoltaic roof

Abstract

The invention provides a roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, a vibration reduction control method and a photovoltaic roof. The roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system comprises a vibration reduction component, a controller and a plurality of vibration sensors, the vibration reduction component comprises a first-layer vibration reduction framework, a second-layer vibration reduction framework and a third-layer vibration reduction framework, the first-layer vibration reduction framework is provided with a plurality of first cross nodes, all or part of the first cross nodes are provided with magnetorheological dampers, and the second-layer vibration reduction framework is provided with a plurality of second cross nodes. The second-layer vibration reduction framework is provided with a plurality of second cross nodes, all or part of the second cross nodes are connected with tuned mass dampers, the third-layer vibration reduction framework is provided with a plurality of third cross nodes, and all or part of the third cross nodes are provided with elastic damping pads; the multiple vibration sensors are arranged at intervals and connected to the first layer of vibration reduction framework, and all the vibration sensors and all the magnetorheological dampers are electrically connected with the controller. The vibration reduction system can dissipate vibration from a lower structure layer by layer, and the defect that a single fixed parameter damper is narrow in frequency band coverage is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, a vibration reduction control method, and a photovoltaic roof. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry and the intensive use of land resources, a large number of photovoltaic power stations have been built on the roofs of stations, maintenance depots, warehouses, and other buildings along high-speed railway lines, forming photovoltaic roofs. These photovoltaic roofs include roof panels and photovoltaic brackets and photovoltaic modules installed on the roof panels. However, the operation of high-speed trains or regular trains causes vibrations, and the vibration energy is conducted upwards through the path of "foundation - building structure - roof - photovoltaic bracket - photovoltaic module," ultimately acting on the photovoltaic brackets and photovoltaic modules on the roof, which can easily cause damage to the photovoltaic brackets and photovoltaic modules.

[0003] Currently, vibration reduction for rooftop photovoltaic systems mainly relies on single-type dampers. However, a single damper has fixed damping characteristics and can only effectively suppress vibrations whose frequencies fall within its set frequency range. It has minimal effect on vibrations at other frequencies outside this range. Furthermore, the vibration frequencies generated by high-speed trains of different models and speeds vary and change dynamically, making it difficult for dampers with fixed parameters to maintain a consistently effective vibration reduction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, a vibration reduction control method, and a photovoltaic roof, aiming to solve the problems of narrow frequency band coverage and small vibration reduction effect caused by the use of a single, fixed-parameter damper in the prior art.

[0005] The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by this invention includes vibration reduction components and a control component. The vibration reduction components are used to connect the roof panel and the rooftop photovoltaic support, and include a first layer vibration reduction frame, a second layer vibration reduction frame, and a third layer vibration reduction frame connected sequentially from bottom to top. The first layer vibration reduction frame has a plurality of first cross nodes, and all or some of the first cross nodes are provided with magnetorheological dampers. The second layer vibration reduction frame has a plurality of second cross nodes, and all or some of the second cross nodes are connected with tuned mass dampers. The third layer vibration reduction frame has a plurality of third cross nodes, and all or some of the third cross nodes are provided with elastic damping pads. The control component includes a controller and a plurality of vibration sensors. The plurality of vibration sensors are spaced apart from each other and connected to the first layer vibration reduction frame. Each vibration sensor and each magnetorheological damper are electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first vibration damping frame includes multiple first radial members extending outward from a first center portion in different directions, and several groups of first circumferential members surrounding the first center portion. Each group of first circumferential members surrounds the first center portion to form a circle, and the distance between each group of first circumferential members and the first center portion is different. The two ends of each first circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent first radial members, thereby forming several first intersection nodes. The vibration sensor is connected to the first radial members and / or the first circumferential members.

[0007] In one embodiment, the magnetorheological damper includes a cylinder, an excitation coil, a piston, and a piston rod. The excitation coil is fixed to the outside or inside of the cylinder and is electrically connected to the controller. The cylinder is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston is located inside the cylinder and divides the internal chamber of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber. A magnetorheological fluid flow channel is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber. The piston rod is connected to the piston and partially extends out of the cylinder. In the same magnetorheological damper, one end of the cylinder is connected to a first circumferential member, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to an intersecting first radial member; or, one end of the cylinder is connected to a first radial member, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to an intersecting first circumferential member.

[0008] In one embodiment, the second layer of vibration damping frame includes multiple second radial members extending outward from the second center portion in different directions, and several groups of second circumferential members surrounding the second center portion. Each group of second circumferential members surrounds the second center portion in a circle, and the distance between each group of second circumferential members and the second center portion is different. The two ends of each second circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent second radial members, thereby forming several second intersection nodes. The vibration damping member also includes a first central column and multiple first support columns disposed between the first layer of vibration damping frame and the second layer of vibration damping frame. The two ends of the first central column are respectively connected to the first center portion and the second center portion. One end of the first support column is connected to the end of the first radial member away from the first center portion, and the other end of the first support column is connected to the end of the second radial member away from the second center portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, the third-layer vibration damping frame includes multiple third radial members extending outward from a third center portion in different directions, and several groups of third circumferential members surrounding the third center portion. Each group of third circumferential members surrounds the third center portion in a circle, and the distance between each group of third circumferential members and the third center portion is different. The two ends of each third circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent third radial members, thereby forming several third intersection nodes. The vibration damping member also includes a second central column and multiple second support columns disposed between the second-layer vibration damping frame and the third-layer vibration damping frame. The two ends of the second central column are respectively connected to the second center portion and the third center portion. One end of the second support column is connected to the end of the second radial member away from the second center portion, and the other end of the second support column is connected to the end of the third radial member away from the third center portion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the tuned mass damper includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate disposed opposite each other, and a mass block, an elastic element, and a damping element disposed between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; the upper connecting plate is connected to the second cross node of the second layer of vibration damping frame.

[0011] In one embodiment, the natural frequency of each of the tuned mass dampers is defined as F, where 0.5Hz ≤ F ≤ 50Hz, and the natural frequencies of each of the tuned mass dampers are different.

[0012] The vibration reduction and control method for rooftop photovoltaic supports in high-speed railway stations provided by this invention is applied to the above-mentioned rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, and includes the following steps: S10: Vibration signals are collected by multiple vibration sensors installed on the vibration damping components; S20: Based on the collected vibration signals, identify the current dominant vibration frequency; S30: Based on the dominant vibration frequency, output a current control signal to the magnetorheological damper installed on the vibration damping component to adjust the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological damper.

[0013] In one embodiment, step S20 includes the following steps: S21: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signals from each vibration sensor to obtain the spectrum of each vibration signal; S22: In each spectrum, the frequency corresponding to the peak value of the amplitude spectrum is determined as the vibration dominant frequency of the corresponding vibration sensor; S23: Statistically analyze the dominant vibration frequencies of all vibration sensors, and identify the dominant vibration frequency that appears most frequently or has the highest degree of consistency as the current dominant vibration frequency.

[0014] The photovoltaic roof provided by the present invention includes a roof panel, the above-mentioned roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system, a photovoltaic support and photovoltaic modules. The first layer of vibration reduction frame is fixedly connected to the roof panel, the third layer of vibration reduction frame is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support, and the photovoltaic modules are arranged on the support surface of the photovoltaic support.

[0015] The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by this invention arranges a first layer of vibration reduction frame, a second layer of vibration reduction frame, and a third layer of vibration reduction frame sequentially from bottom to top between the roof panel and the photovoltaic support. A magnetorheological damper is installed at the first intersection node of the first layer of vibration reduction frame, a tuned mass damper is installed at the second intersection node of the second layer of vibration reduction frame, and an elastic damping pad is installed at the third intersection node of the third layer of vibration reduction frame. Vibration signals are collected in real time by vibration sensors connected to the first layer of vibration reduction frame. After the controller identifies the dominant vibration frequency, it immediately adjusts the excitation current of each magnetorheological damper to match its damping characteristics with the current dominant vibration frequency, thereby consuming most of the vibration energy. The tuned mass damper further absorbs and attenuates the residual vibration frequency that continues to propagate upwards after being attenuated by the first layer of vibration reduction frame and its magnetorheological damper; the elastic damping pad further absorbs and attenuates the residual vibration that continues to propagate upwards after being attenuated by the first two layers of frame. This rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system can dissipate vibrations from the lower structure layer by layer, broaden the vibration reduction frequency band, eliminate the shortcomings of single fixed parameter dampers with narrow frequency band coverage and large vibration reduction blind zone, and improve the vibration reduction performance of the rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of a photovoltaic roof provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the photovoltaic roof provided by the present invention after assembly; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by the present invention after assembly; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the vibration sensor array, the magnetorheological damper, and the controller in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first layer of vibration damping frame in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second layer of vibration damping frame in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the third layer of vibration damping frame in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetorheological damper in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tuned mass damper in one embodiment of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the vibration reduction control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of a high-speed railway station provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a flowchart of another embodiment of the vibration reduction control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of high-speed railway stations provided by the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 400. Photovoltaic roof; 100. Roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system; 10. Vibration damping component; 11. First layer vibration damping frame; 111. First radial component; 112. First circumferential component; 12. Second layer vibration damping frame; 121. Second radial component; 122. Second circumferential component; 13. Third layer vibration damping frame; 131. Third radial component; 132. Third circumferential component; 14. Magnetorheological damper; 141. Cylinder; 142. Excitation coil; 143. Piston; 1431. Magnetorheological... Liquid flow channel; 144, piston rod; 145, first lug; 146, second lug; 15, tuned mass damper; 151, upper connecting plate; 152, lower connecting plate; 153, mass block; 154, elastic element; 155, damping element; 16, elastic damping pad; 17, first central column; 18, first support column; 19, second central column; 20, second support column; 30, vibration sensor; 200, roof panel; 300, photovoltaic bracket; 301, support rod; 302, diagonal rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to direct setup or connection, or indirect setup or connection through centered components or centered structures.

[0021] Furthermore, in embodiments of this invention, terms such as "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or in a conventional placement or usage state. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structures, features, devices, or elements referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, nor that they must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the detailed embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different implementation methods can be formed by combining different specific technical features / embodiments. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the various specific technical features / embodiments in this invention will not be described separately.

[0023] Currently, vibration reduction for rooftop photovoltaic systems mainly relies on single-type dampers. However, a single damper has fixed damping characteristics and can only effectively suppress vibrations whose frequencies fall within its set frequency range. It has minimal effect on vibrations at other frequencies outside this range. Furthermore, the vibration frequencies generated by high-speed trains of different models and speeds vary and change dynamically, making it difficult for dampers with fixed parameters to maintain a consistently effective vibration reduction effect.

[0024] To address the issues of narrow frequency band coverage and limited vibration reduction effect caused by the use of single, fixed-parameter dampers in existing technologies, this invention proposes a rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a vibration reduction component 10 and a control component. The vibration reduction component 10 is used to connect the roof panel 200 and the roof photovoltaic support 300, and includes a first layer vibration reduction frame 11, a second layer vibration reduction frame 12 and a third layer vibration reduction frame 13 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The first layer vibration reduction frame 11 has a plurality of first cross nodes, and all or some of the first cross nodes are provided with magnetorheological dampers 14. The second layer vibration reduction frame 12 has a plurality of second cross nodes, and all or some of the second cross nodes are connected with tuned mass dampers 15. The third layer vibration reduction frame 13 has a plurality of third cross nodes, and all or some of the third cross nodes are provided with elastic damping pads 16. The control component includes a controller and a plurality of vibration sensors 30. The plurality of vibration sensors 30 are spaced apart from each other and connected to the first layer vibration reduction frame 11. Each vibration sensor 30 and each magnetorheological damper 14 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0026] Vibration damping component 10 is used to connect the roof panel 200 and the roof photovoltaic support 300 to dissipate mechanical vibrations from the lower structure layer by layer, reducing the impact of vibration on the photovoltaic support 300 and photovoltaic modules. Specifically, vibration damping component 10 has a three-layer frame structure, namely a first layer vibration damping frame 11, a second layer vibration damping frame 12, and a third layer vibration damping frame 13 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The first layer vibration damping frame 11 intersects to form a number of first intersection nodes, the second layer vibration damping frame 12 intersects to form a number of second intersection nodes, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 intersects to form a number of third intersection nodes.

[0027] Among them, all or part of the first intersection nodes are equipped with magneto-rheological dampers 14. The magneto-rheological damper 14 (MRD) is a "controllable" semi-active vibration reduction element, referring to... Figure 9The magnetorheological damper 14 includes a cylinder 141, an excitation coil 142, a piston 143, and a piston rod 144. The excitation coil 142 is fixed on the outside or inside of the cylinder 141 and is electrically connected to the controller. The cylinder 141 is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston 143 is located inside the cylinder 141 and divides the internal chamber of the cylinder 141 into a first chamber and a second chamber. A magnetorheological fluid flow channel 1431 is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber. The piston rod 144 is connected to the piston 143 and extends out of the cylinder 141 to connect with the first layer of vibration damping frame 11. The magnetorheological fluid is formed by suspending micron-sized soft magnetic particles in a carrier liquid (mineral oil / silicone oil). In a zero magnetic field state, the magnetorheological fluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid. When the excitation coil 142 is energized, a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid is generated within the flow channel 1431 (usually an annular channel). The soft magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid instantaneously form chains along the magnetic field lines, causing the fluid to generate controllable yield stress within milliseconds (response time ≤ 50ms). Therefore, adjusting the current in the excitation coil 142 changes the magnetic field strength in the flow channel 1431, thereby altering the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid and adjusting its damping force to match the vibration frequency to be suppressed.

[0028] In order to sense changes in the vibration environment in real time and adaptively adjust the damping force of the magnetorheological damper array 14 to match the dominant vibration frequency to be suppressed, so as to achieve a good vibration reduction effect, the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100 also includes a control component. The control component includes a controller and multiple vibration sensors 30. The multiple vibration sensors 30 are spaced apart from each other and connected to the first layer vibration reduction frame 11. Each magnetorheological damper 14 and each vibration sensor 30 on the first layer vibration reduction frame 11 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0029] The vibration sensor 30 is used to collect vibration signals transmitted from the roof in real time and transmit the collected vibration signals to the controller. The controller identifies the current dominant vibration frequency according to a preset algorithm and adjusts the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological damper 14 by adjusting the output current of the excitation coil 142 in each magnetorheological damper 14 according to the dominant vibration frequency, so that its damping characteristics are in a better matching state with the current dominant vibration frequency.

[0030] In practical applications, the vibration sensor 30 can be a miniature triaxial accelerometer. This type of sensor is small in size, highly accurate, and easy to install. It can monitor vibrations in three orthogonal directions simultaneously, providing a more comprehensive detection of the vibration state.

[0031] In the second layer of the damping frame 12, the tuned mass damper 15 (TMD) is a "passive" damping element, as shown in the reference. Figure 10The tuned mass damper 15 includes an upper connecting plate 151 and a lower connecting plate 152 arranged opposite to each other, and a mass block 153, an elastic element 154, and a damping element 155 disposed between the upper connecting plate 151 and the lower connecting plate 152. The upper connecting plate 151 is connected to the second intersection node of the second layer of vibration damping frame 12. By selecting an elastic element 154 with appropriate stiffness, the natural frequency of the mass block 153 is made approximately equal to the external excitation frequency to be suppressed (deviation ≤ ±3%). When the external excitation frequency to be suppressed approaches the natural frequency of the tuned mass damper 15, the mass block 153 generates a displacement opposite to the vibration direction of the main structure due to inertial lag, thereby offsetting the vibration of the external main structure. The vibration energy is dissipated into heat energy through the damping element 155, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the main structure.

[0032] In the third layer of vibration damping frame 13, the elastic damping pad 16 can be made of rubber or silicone, etc., which can provide continuous damping force in the axial and shear directions, absorb and attenuate the residual vibration that continues to be transmitted upward after being attenuated by the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and the second layer of vibration damping frame 12, and further improve the vibration damping performance.

[0033] In summary, the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100 provided by the present invention arranges a first layer of vibration reduction frame 11, a second layer of vibration reduction frame 12, and a third layer of vibration reduction frame 13 sequentially from bottom to top between the roof panel 200 and the photovoltaic support 300. A magnetorheological damper 14 is set at the first intersection node of the first layer of vibration reduction frame 11, a tuned mass damper 15 is set at the second intersection node of the second layer of vibration reduction frame 12, and an elastic damping pad 16 is set at the third intersection node of the third layer of vibration reduction frame 13. Vibration signals are collected in real time by a vibration sensor 30 connected to the first layer of vibration reduction frame 11. After the controller identifies the dominant vibration frequency, it adjusts the excitation current of each magnetorheological damper 14 in real time so that its damping characteristics match the current dominant vibration frequency, thereby consuming most of the vibration energy. The tuned mass damper 15 performs secondary absorption and attenuation on the residual vibration frequency that continues to propagate upward after being attenuated by the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and its magnetorheological damper 14; the elastic damping pad 16 performs a third absorption and attenuation on the residual vibration that continues to propagate upward after being attenuated by the first two layers of frame. This roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system 100 can dissipate the vibration from the lower structure layer by layer, broaden the vibration damping frequency band, eliminate the defects of narrow frequency band coverage and large vibration damping blind zone of a single fixed parameter damper, and improve the vibration damping performance of the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system 100.

[0034] The external excitation frequency to be suppressed by the TMD array should be set as the residual vibration frequency that continues to propagate upwards after being attenuated by the first layer of damping frame 11 and the MRD on it. The natural frequency of each tuned mass damper 15 is defined as F, where 0.5Hz≤F≤50Hz, and the natural frequencies of each tuned mass damper 15 are different.

[0035] It is easy to understand that the dominant vibration frequencies excited by high-speed trains of different models and speeds vary, and the residual vibration frequencies that continue to propagate upwards after being attenuated by the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and its MRD array also change accordingly. If the TMD array uses a single natural frequency, it will only have effective vibration absorption capability in a fixed frequency band, and the residual energy in other frequency bands will continue to rise, resulting in a large vibration damping blind zone. By designing different natural frequencies for each TMD and making the TMD arrays collectively cover the vibration band of 0.5Hz-50Hz, the vibration damping frequency band of the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system 100 can be widened, achieving wideband vibration damping of 0.5Hz-50Hz. In other words, in the TMD array, there is at least one TMD with a natural frequency F=0.5Hz; and there is at least one TMD with a natural frequency F=50Hz; the natural frequencies F of the remaining TMDs are between 0.5Hz and 50Hz, and can be, but are not limited to, 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz, 15Hz, 20Hz, 25Hz, 30Hz, 35Hz, 40Hz, 45Hz, etc., thus collectively covering the frequency band vibration of 0.5Hz-50Hz.

[0036] In practical applications, the first layer vibration damping frame 11, the second layer vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 can be respectively set as a bidirectional orthogonal grid, a honeycomb grid, a radial-circular grid, or other grid structures with intersecting nodes. The grid shapes of the first layer vibration damping frame 11, the second layer vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 can be the same or different. The vibration damping component 10 as a whole can be made of materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or galvanized thin-walled steel.

[0037] In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the first layer of vibration damping frame 11, the second layer of vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer of vibration damping frame 13 have the same mesh shape and are all radial-circular meshes.

[0038] Reference Figure 6The first-layer vibration damping frame 11 includes multiple first radial members 111 extending outward from the first center in different directions, and several sets of first circumferential members 112 surrounding the first center. Each set of first circumferential members 112 forms a circle around the first center, and the distance between each set of first circumferential members 112 and the first center is different. The two ends of each first circumferential member 112 are respectively connected to two adjacent first radial members 111, thereby forming several first intersection nodes. At this time, the vibration sensor 30 is connected to the first radial members 111 and / or the first circumferential members 112.

[0039] Reference Figure 7 The second vibration damping frame 12 includes multiple second radial members 121 extending outward from the second center in different directions, and several groups of second circumferential members 122 surrounding the second center. Each group of second circumferential members 122 surrounds the second center to form a circle, and the distance between each group of second circumferential members 122 and the second center is different. The two ends of each second circumferential member 122 are respectively connected to two adjacent second radial members 121, thereby forming several second intersection nodes.

[0040] Reference Figure 8 The third layer of vibration damping frame 13 includes multiple third radial members 131 extending outward from the third center in different directions, and several groups of third circumferential members 132 surrounding the third center. Each group of third circumferential members 132 surrounds the third center to form a circle, and the distance between each group of third circumferential members 132 and the third center is different. The two ends of each third circumferential member 132 are respectively connected to two adjacent third radial members 131, thereby forming several third intersection nodes.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first layer vibration damping frame 11, the second layer vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 are respectively designed as biomimetic spider web topologies. Under the same vibration excitation, the steady-state energy dissipation power of the spider web topology is higher than that of the bidirectional orthogonal grid and the honeycomb grid, resulting in better vibration damping effect. In the embodiment shown in the attached figure, the first layer vibration damping frame 11, the second layer vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 each have three sets of circumferential members. However, in specific applications, the number of circumferential members in each layer of vibration damping frame can be two, four, or more, which can be adjusted according to the area of ​​the roof panel 200 and is not limited here.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 9The magnetorheological damper 14 includes a cylinder 141, an excitation coil 142, a piston 143, and a piston rod 144. The excitation coil 142 is fixed on the outside or inside of the cylinder 141 and is electrically connected to the controller. The cylinder 141 is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston 143 is located inside the cylinder 141 and divides the internal chamber of the cylinder 141 into a first chamber and a second chamber. A magnetorheological fluid flow channel 1431 is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber. The piston rod 144 is connected to the piston 143 and extends out of the cylinder 141.

[0043] In the same magnetorheological damper 14, one end of the cylinder 141 is connected to a first circumferential member 112, and the protruding end of the piston rod 144 is connected to an intersecting first radial member 111; or, one end of the cylinder 141 is connected to a first radial member 111, and the protruding end of the piston rod 144 is connected to the intersecting first circumferential member 112. Specifically, the two ends of the cylinder 141 are respectively provided with a first end plate and a second end plate. The first end plate is provided with a first lug 145, and the piston rod 144 passes through the second end plate and extends outward, with a second lug 146 at the protruding end of the piston rod 144. One of the first lug 145 and the second lug 146 is fixed to the first circumferential member 112, and the other is connected to the first radial member 111 forming the intersection point. The two lugs can be fixed by screws and / or angle steel, or by welding.

[0044] Regarding the connection between the first-layer vibration damping frame 11 and the roof panel 200, the roof panel 200 is provided with a support interface and peripheral anchor points set around the support interface. When the vibration damping component 10 is installed, the first central part is connected to the support interface, and the end of the first radial component 111 away from the first central part is connected to the peripheral anchor point. That is to say, the vibration damping component 10 can be installed simply by arranging the support interface and peripheral anchor points on the existing roof structure, without the need for major modifications to the original roof structure, thus having high versatility. The first radial component 111 connects the support interface and peripheral anchor point of the roof panel 200, serving as a force and energy transmission component. Each group of first circumferential components 112 respectively surrounds the first central part to form a closed loop and connects to each radial component, thereby decomposing the vibration energy transmitted to the first radial component 111 in a circumferential manner, forming multi-path energy dissipation, and realizing gradient and multi-modal dissipation of vibration energy.

[0045] To achieve the connection between the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and the second layer of vibration damping frame 12, refer to... Figure 3The vibration damping component 10 also includes a first central column 17 and multiple first support columns 18 disposed between the first layer vibration damping frame 11 and the second layer vibration damping frame 12. The two ends of the first central column 17 are respectively connected to the first central portion and the second central portion. One end of each first support column 18 is connected to the end of the first radial component 111 away from the first central portion, and the other end of each first support column 18 is connected to the end of the second radial component 121 away from the second central portion. It should be noted that the terms "multiple" and "multiple" as used herein refer to at least three columns.

[0046] The first central column 17 and the first support column 18 serve as both connecting components between the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and the second layer of vibration damping frame 12, and force transmission components from the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 to the second layer of vibration damping frame 12. In the connection between the first layer of vibration damping frame 11 and the second layer of vibration damping frame 12, this embodiment only connects the first central part and the second central part, as well as the outer ends of the first radial member 111 and the second radial member 121. This ensures the continuity of force transmission while avoiding excessive rigid constraints between the first and second layers of frames, allowing the first and second layers of frames to undergo certain displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions, thus consuming vibration energy.

[0047] Similarly, in order to achieve the connection between the second layer vibration damping frame 12 and the third layer vibration damping frame 13, the vibration damping component 10 also includes a second central column 19 and multiple second support columns 20 disposed between the second layer vibration damping frame 12 and the third layer vibration damping frame 13. The two ends of the second central column 19 are respectively connected to the second central part and the third central part. One end of the second support column 20 is connected to the end of the second radial component 121 away from the second central part, and the other end of the second support column 20 is connected to the end of the third radial component 131 away from the third central part.

[0048] The second central column 19 and the second support column 20 serve as both connecting components between the second-layer vibration damping frame 12 and the third-layer vibration damping frame 13, and force transmission components from the second-layer vibration damping frame 12 to the third-layer vibration damping frame 13. In the connection between the second-layer vibration damping frame 12 and the third-layer vibration damping frame 13, this embodiment only connects the second central portion and the third central portion, as well as the outer end of the second radial member 121 and the outer end of the third radial member 131. This ensures the continuity of force transmission while avoiding excessive rigid constraints between the second and third layers of the frame, allowing the second and third layers to undergo certain displacements in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thus consuming vibration energy.

[0049] This invention also proposes a vibration reduction control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of a high-speed railway station. This vibration reduction control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of a high-speed railway station is applied to the roof photovoltaic bracket vibration reduction system 100 mentioned above. Since this vibration reduction control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of a high-speed railway station adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0050] Reference Figure 11 The vibration reduction and control method for photovoltaic brackets on the roof of high-speed railway stations provided by this invention includes the following steps: S10: Vibration signals are collected by multiple vibration sensors 30 installed on the vibration damping member 10; S20: Based on the collected vibration signals, identify the current dominant vibration frequency; S30: Based on the dominant vibration frequency, output a current control signal to the magnetorheological damper 14 installed on the vibration damping member 10 to adjust the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological damper 14.

[0051] Vibration sensor 30 is used to collect vibration signals transmitted from the roof in real time and transmit the collected vibration signals to the controller. The controller identifies the current dominant vibration frequency according to a preset algorithm and adjusts the output current of the excitation coil 142 in each magnetorheological damper 14 according to the dominant vibration frequency, thereby adjusting the excitation current of each magnetorheological damper 14 in real time to keep its damping characteristics matched with the current dominant vibration frequency, thus consuming most of the vibration energy. This vibration reduction control method for the photovoltaic support of the high-speed railway station roof can realize the dynamic adjustment of the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological damper 14, eliminating the defects of narrow frequency band coverage and large vibration reduction blind zone of a single fixed parameter damper, and improving the vibration reduction performance of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100.

[0052] Furthermore, in Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, step S20 includes the following steps: S21: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signals from each vibration sensor 30 to obtain the spectrum of each vibration signal; S22: In each spectrum, the frequency corresponding to the peak value of the amplitude spectrum is determined as the vibration dominant frequency of the corresponding vibration sensor 30; S23: Statistically analyze the dominant vibration frequencies of all vibration sensors 30, and identify the dominant vibration frequency that appears most frequently or has the highest degree of consistency as the current dominant vibration frequency.

[0053] Fourier transform is a mathematical method that converts a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain. It is a common method for vibration frequency analysis and will not be elaborated upon here. This method generates the spectrum of each vibration signal by performing a Fourier transform on the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor 30. Each frequency point in the spectrum corresponds to an amplitude, and the frequency corresponding to the peak value of the amplitude spectrum is the frequency with the most concentrated energy in the signal, which is the dominant vibration frequency at that point. By performing spectral analysis on the signals collected by multiple vibration sensors 30, multiple dominant vibration frequencies can be obtained. To determine the current dominant vibration frequency of the entire system, frequency statistics or consistency judgment methods can be used. For example, the dominant vibration frequency that appears most frequently among multiple sensors can be identified as the current dominant vibration frequency; or, after processing with weighted average or other algorithms, the frequency with the highest degree of consistency can be identified as the current dominant vibration frequency. This can effectively suppress misjudgments caused by local noise or sensor errors, and improve the robustness and accuracy of dominant vibration frequency identification.

[0054] At this point, the complete steps of the vibration reduction control method for the photovoltaic support on the roof of the high-speed railway station are as follows: Real-time vibration signals from the roof are collected by multiple vibration sensors 30 installed on the vibration reduction component 10; Fourier transforms are performed on the vibration signals from each vibration sensor 30 to obtain the spectrum of each vibration signal; the vibration dominant frequency corresponding to the peak value of the amplitude spectrum in each spectrum is extracted; the vibration dominant frequencies of all vibration sensors 30 are statistically analyzed, and the vibration dominant frequency with the highest frequency of occurrence or the highest degree of consistency is identified as the current dominant vibration frequency; according to the dominant vibration frequency, a corresponding current control signal is output to the magnetorheological damper 14 to dynamically adjust its damping coefficient so that its damping characteristics are optimally matched with the current excitation frequency, thereby achieving efficient and adaptive broadband vibration reduction.

[0055] The vibration sensor 30 is used to collect vibration signals transmitted from the roof in real time and transmit the collected vibration signals to the controller. The controller identifies the current dominant vibration frequency according to a preset algorithm and adjusts the excitation current of each magnetorheological damper 14 in real time according to the dominant vibration frequency, so that its damping characteristics are matched with the current dominant vibration frequency.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention also proposes a photovoltaic roof 400, which includes a roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100. The specific structure of the roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the photovoltaic roof 400 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The photovoltaic roof 400 also includes a roof panel 200, a photovoltaic bracket 300, and photovoltaic modules (not shown). The first layer of vibration damping frame 11 is fixedly connected to the roof panel 200, the third layer of vibration damping frame 13 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic bracket 300, and the photovoltaic modules are arranged on the support surface of the photovoltaic bracket 300.

[0058] Specifically, the roof panel 200 is provided with a support interface and peripheral anchor points located around the support interface. When the vibration damping component 10 is installed, the first central part is connected to the support interface, and the end of the first radial component 111 away from the first central part is connected to the peripheral anchor points. In other words, the vibration damping component 10 can be installed simply by arranging the support interface and peripheral anchor points on the existing roof structure, without requiring major modifications to the original roof structure, thus exhibiting high versatility.

[0059] Regarding the connection between the vibration damping component 10 and the photovoltaic support 300, refer to... Figure 1 The photovoltaic bracket 300 includes a support rod 301 and inclined rods 302 connected to the support rod 301 and set at an angle to the support rod 301. The inclined surface formed by each inclined rod 302 is the support surface of the photovoltaic bracket 300. During assembly, the support rod 301 is placed above the third layer vibration damping frame 13 and has an intersection with the third layer vibration damping frame 13. The support rod 301 and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 can be welded and fixed at these intersections, or connectors (such as angle steel and screws) can be set at these intersections to fix the support rod 301 and the third layer vibration damping frame 13.

[0060] A photovoltaic module is a basic unit that achieves photoelectric conversion and power output, composed of multiple photovoltaic panels connected by electrical connections and mechanical fixation. These photovoltaic panels are arranged on the support surface of the photovoltaic bracket 300 and are fixed to the photovoltaic bracket 300.

[0061] It should be noted that the roof panel 200 shown in the attached diagram is a flat roof panel. Of course, this photovoltaic roof 400 is not limited to flat roofs and can also be a pitched roof. When a pitched roof is used, the axial directions of the first layer vibration damping frame 11, the second layer vibration damping frame 12, and the third layer vibration damping frame 13 in the vibration damping component 10 can be consistent with the normal direction of the roof. The first central column 17, the first support column 18, the second central column 19, and the second support column 20 are tilted accordingly with the roof slope to ensure that vibration energy is effectively transmitted and dissipated along the axial direction. In other words, the roof photovoltaic support vibration damping system 100 provided by this invention can flexibly adapt to various roof forms such as flat roofs, single-slope or multi-slope roofs, and has wide application adaptability.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration reduction system for rooftop photovoltaic supports, characterized in that, include: A vibration damping component, used to connect between a roof panel and a roof photovoltaic support, includes a first layer of vibration damping frame, a second layer of vibration damping frame and a third layer of vibration damping frame connected sequentially from bottom to top. The first layer of vibration damping frame has a plurality of first cross nodes, and all or some of the first cross nodes are provided with magnetorheological dampers. The second layer of vibration damping frame has a plurality of second cross nodes, and all or some of the second cross nodes are connected with tuned mass dampers. The third layer of vibration damping frame has a plurality of third cross nodes, and all or some of the third cross nodes are provided with elastic damping pads. A control component, comprising a controller and a plurality of vibration sensors, wherein the plurality of vibration sensors are spaced apart from each other and connected to the first layer of vibration damping frame, and each vibration sensor and each magnetorheological damper are electrically connected to the controller. The first layer of vibration damping frame includes multiple first radial members extending outward from the first center in different directions, and several groups of first circumferential members surrounding the first center. Each group of first circumferential members surrounds the first center in a circle, and the distance between each group of first circumferential members and the first center is different. The two ends of each first circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent first radial members, thereby forming several first intersection nodes. The vibration sensor is connected to the first radial members and / or the first circumferential members.

2. The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological damper includes a cylinder, an excitation coil, a piston, and a piston rod. The excitation coil is fixed to the outside or inside of the cylinder and is electrically connected to the controller. The cylinder is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston is located inside the cylinder and divides the internal chamber of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber. A magnetorheological fluid flow channel is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber. The piston rod is connected to the piston and extends partially out of the cylinder. In the same magnetorheological damper, one end of the cylinder is connected to a first circumferential member, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to an intersecting first radial member; or, one end of the cylinder is connected to a first radial member, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to an intersecting first circumferential member.

3. The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second layer of vibration damping frame includes multiple second radial members extending outward from the second center in different directions, and several groups of second circumferential members surrounding the second center. Each group of second circumferential members surrounds the second center to form a circle, and the distance between each group of second circumferential members and the second center is different. The two ends of each second circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent second radial members, thereby forming several second intersection nodes. The vibration damping component further includes a first central column and multiple first support columns disposed between the first layer vibration damping frame and the second layer vibration damping frame. The two ends of the first central column are respectively connected to the first central part and the second central part. One end of the first support column is connected to the end of the first radial component away from the first central part, and the other end of the first support column is connected to the end of the second radial component away from the second central part.

4. The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The third layer of vibration damping frame includes multiple third radial members extending outward from the third center in different directions, and several groups of third circumferential members surrounding the third center. Each group of third circumferential members surrounds the third center to form a circle, and the distance between each group of third circumferential members and the third center is different. The two ends of each third circumferential member are respectively connected to two adjacent third radial members, thereby forming several third intersection nodes. The vibration damping component further includes a second central column and multiple second support columns disposed between the second layer vibration damping frame and the third layer vibration damping frame. The two ends of the second central column are respectively connected to the second central part and the third central part. One end of the second support column is connected to the end of the second radial component away from the second central part, and the other end of the second support column is connected to the end of the third radial component away from the third central part.

5. The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tuned mass damper includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate arranged opposite to each other, and a mass block, an elastic element and a damping element disposed between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; The upper connecting plate is connected to the second intersection node of the second layer of vibration damping frame.

6. The rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The natural frequency of each tuned mass damper is defined as F, where 0.5Hz≤F≤50Hz, and the natural frequencies of each tuned mass damper are different.

7. A vibration reduction and control method for photovoltaic support brackets on the roof of a high-speed railway station, characterized in that, The system applied to the rooftop photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 includes the following steps: S10: Vibration signals are collected by multiple vibration sensors installed on the vibration damping components; S20: Based on the collected vibration signals, identify the current dominant vibration frequency; S30: Based on the dominant vibration frequency, output a current control signal to the magnetorheological damper installed on the vibration damping component to adjust the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological damper.

8. The vibration reduction and control method for photovoltaic supports on the roof of high-speed railway station buildings as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S20 includes the following steps: S21: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signals from each vibration sensor to obtain the spectrum of each vibration signal; S22: In each spectrum, the frequency corresponding to the peak value of the amplitude spectrum is determined as the vibration dominant frequency of the corresponding vibration sensor; S23: Statistically analyze the dominant vibration frequencies of all vibration sensors, and identify the dominant vibration frequency that appears most frequently or has the highest degree of consistency as the current dominant vibration frequency.

9. A photovoltaic roof, characterized in that, The system includes a roof panel, a roof photovoltaic support vibration reduction system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, a photovoltaic support, and photovoltaic modules. The first layer of vibration reduction frame is fixedly connected to the roof panel, the third layer of vibration reduction frame is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support, and the photovoltaic modules are arranged on the support surface of the photovoltaic support.

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