Stratified sampling device for water pollution detection
By designing control components and adjusting negative pressure suction using elastic ropes and helical grooves in a stratified sampling device, the problem of non-continuous water layer sampling that cannot be achieved by existing empty-type samplers has been solved, thus achieving simplified operation and constant flow water quality sampling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGZHIKE (NANTONG) TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing drain samplers cannot sample water layers at discontinuous depths on vertical cross sections, resulting in cumbersome and complex sampling operations.
A stratified sampling device for water pollution detection was designed. The piston is controlled to move intermittently upwards by the control component, so that water samples in discontinuous water layers can be automatically drawn into the sampling cylinder. The negative pressure suction is adjusted by elastic rope and solenoid groove to ensure that the sampling flow rate is constant in water layers at different depths.
It simplifies the sampling process, enables automatic sampling of discontinuous water layers, reduces cumbersome steps, and maintains a relatively constant sampling flow rate in water layers at different depths, thereby improving the representativeness and convenience of sampling.
Smart Images
Figure CN121877481A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution detection technology, and in particular to a stratified sampling device for water pollution detection. Background Technology
[0002] Water pollution detection refers to the qualitative and quantitative detection and analysis of the types, contents, and distribution of pollutants in various water bodies, as well as the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the water bodies, through scientific sampling, analysis, and monitoring techniques, ultimately assessing the degree of water pollution and determining whether the water quality meets the corresponding standards.
[0003] The sampling process often employs the comprehensive depth sampling method to understand the average water quality of a water body on a vertical cross section. The sampling equipment used in the comprehensive depth sampling method is mostly a drain sampler, which collects samples from each depth separately and then mixes them.
[0004] However, existing drain samplers have the following problems when sampling water bodies: drain samplers can only sample water quality within a continuous range on a vertical cross section, but cannot sample water quality within a discontinuous range on the vertical cross section. Therefore, in order to collect water quality samples at each depth on the vertical cross section, it is necessary to submerge the drain sampler into water layers of different depths multiple times for sampling, which is a rather cumbersome and complicated operation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a stratified sampling device for water pollution detection to address the problems existing in current drain-type samplers, in order to solve the problem that existing drain-type samplers cannot achieve water layer sampling at discontinuous depths on the vertical end face.
[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: A stratified sampling device for water pollution detection includes: The sampling tube has an internal cavity and a liquid inlet in the circumferential direction, which can be connected to the cavity. The piston is slidably disposed inside the cavity of the sampling cylinder, and an elastic element is provided between the piston and the top of the cavity. The elastic element is used to make the piston tend to move away from the bottom of the cavity. The control component is connected between the piston and the sampling cylinder. In the initial state, the control component restricts the piston position to the lower part of the cylinder cavity. During the sampling process, the control component intermittently restricts the piston from moving upward, thereby allowing the water sample in the discontinuous water layer to enter the cylinder cavity through the inlet.
[0007] Preferably, the control component includes a central rod, an upper end seat, a limit rod, and a locking switch. The lower end of the central rod is coaxially mounted on the piston, and the upper end extends out from the top of the sampling cylinder. The upper end seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central rod. There are multiple locking switches, which are spaced apart around the axis of the sampling cylinder at the top of the sampling cylinder. There are multiple limit rods, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple locking switches and are mounted on the upper end seat. The multiple limit rods are configured such that they can engage with one of the locking switches for a second set time period after a first set time period. The second set time period is longer than the first set time period.
[0008] Preferably, the locking switch includes a claw, a support, a lever, a first magnet, and a second magnet. The support is disposed on the top of the sampling cylinder, the lever is rotatably mounted on the support, the claw is disposed at the end of the lever near the limiting rod, the first magnet is disposed at the end of the lever away from the claw, and the second magnet is disposed on the top of the sampling cylinder and below the first magnet. The sides of the first magnet and the second magnet facing each other have opposite magnetic properties.
[0009] Preferably, the control component also includes multiple depth-fixing ropes, each with a different length, and each depth-fixing rope corresponds to a multiple lever and is connected to the end of the lever away from the chuck. When the depth-fixing rope is taut, the corresponding chuck disengages from the limit rod.
[0010] Preferably, a float is provided at the end of the depth-fixing rope away from the lever.
[0011] Preferably, an elastic rope is provided between the lower end of the sampling cylinder and the lower end of the limiting rod, and a fixed pulley is provided at the upper part of the sampling cylinder, with the fixed pulley slidably connected to the elastic rope.
[0012] Preferably, the liquid inlet is a spiral groove, which is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sampling cylinder, and flexible strips are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the spiral groove; In the initial state, the facing surfaces of the two flexible strips are in contact with each other; When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder exceeds the preset value, the two flexible bands are squeezed and separated from each other, at which point the helical groove opens.
[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the flexible strip is a circular arc surface.
[0014] Preferably, a pull rope is provided at the upper end of the center rod.
[0015] Preferably, the sampling tube has a drain port at the bottom.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention includes a control component that controls the piston to move upward intermittently, drawing water samples from multiple discontinuous target water layers into the cylinder cavity. Compared to existing technologies, when sampling water from discontinuous target water layers, the piston automatically draws samples whenever the sampling cylinder reaches the target water layer and stops drawing samples when the sampling cylinder leaves the target water layer. Therefore, it is not necessary to pull the sampling cylinder out of the water to sample water from multiple discontinuous target water layers, making this device simpler and more convenient to use.
[0017] 2. This invention incorporates an elastic rope and a helical groove. When the target water layer is shallow, the water pressure is low, the flow area of the helical groove is small, and the elasticity of the elastic rope is high. Therefore, the negative pressure suction of the piston on the water sample is large. Conversely, when the target water layer is deep, the water pressure is high, the flow area of the helical groove is large, and the elasticity of the elastic rope is low. Therefore, the negative pressure suction of the piston on the water sample is small. This allows the sampling tube to maintain a relatively constant flow rate in target water layers at different depths, resulting in smaller differences in the amount of water sample collected by the sampling tube in each target water layer. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a stratified sampling device for water pollution detection according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the stop switch in a stratified sampling device for water pollution detection according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The front view; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Top view; Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB section view; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 5 CC section view; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point F.
[0019] in: 100. Sampling cylinder; 110. Cylinder cavity; 120. Drain outlet; 200. Piston; 300. Control component; 310. Center rod; 320. Upper end seat; 330. Limit rod; 331. Limit block; 340. Locking switch; 350. Depth-keeping rope; 360. Float; 341. Claw; 342. Support; 343. Lever; 344. First magnet; 345. Second magnet; 346. Rope connection hole; 400. Elastic rope; 410. Fixed pulley; 500, helical groove; 600, Flexible strip; 610, Arc surface; 700. Pull rope. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
[0021] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0023] Water samples for water pollution testing must meet requirements such as representativeness and standardization. For deep, enclosed water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs, pollutants tend to accumulate vertically due to gravity and water stratification after pollution. Therefore, stratified sampling of such deep, enclosed water bodies is particularly important for water quality assessment and water pollution source tracing. Currently, empty-type samplers used for water stratification can only sample water quality within a continuous range on a vertical cross-section, and cannot sample water quality within discontinuous ranges on a vertical cross-section. Therefore, in order to collect water quality samples at each depth on a vertical cross-section, it is necessary to submerge the empty-type sampler into water layers of different depths multiple times for sampling, which is a cumbersome and complex operation. To address this problem, this invention provides a stratified sampling device for water pollution testing, such as... Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the stratified sampling device for water pollution detection includes a sampling cylinder 100, a piston 200, and a control component 300. The sampling cylinder 100 has a cavity 110 inside, and a liquid inlet is provided on the circumference of the sampling cylinder 100, which can be connected to the cavity 110. The piston 200 is slidably disposed in the cavity 110 of the sampling cylinder 100. An elastic element is provided between the piston 200 and the top of the cavity 110, which is used to make the piston 200 tend to move away from the bottom of the cavity 110. The control component 300 is connected between the piston 200 and the sampling cylinder 100. In the initial state, the control component 300 restricts the piston 200 to the lower part of the cavity 110. During the sampling process, the control component 300 intermittently restricts the piston 200 from moving upward, so that the piston 200 moves upward intermittently under the pulling force of the elastic element, thereby allowing the water sample in the discontinuous water layer to enter the cavity 110 through the liquid inlet.
[0024] Initially, the control component 300 positions the piston 200 at the lower part of the cylinder cavity 110. Next, the operator places the sampling cylinder 100 at the target sampling point in the water area to be sampled. The sampling cylinder 100 sinks under its own weight. Simultaneously, the control component 300 is activated. During the sinking process, when the sampling cylinder 100 reaches the target water layer, the control component 300 releases the restriction, and the piston 200 moves upward along the axis of the cylinder cavity 110. Under the elastic force of the elastic element, the piston 200 moves upward, creating a negative pressure within the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200. Under negative pressure suction, water samples from the target water layer enter the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 through the inlet. As the sampling cylinder 100 continues to sink, when it leaves the current target water layer, the control component 300 restricts the movement of the piston 200. At this time, the volume inside the cylinder cavity 110 no longer increases, so water from non-target water layers will not enter the cylinder cavity 110 through the inlet. Furthermore, because the sampling cylinder 100 remains submerged, water in the cylinder cavity 110 will not flow out. When the sampling cylinder 100 continues to sink to the next target water layer, the control component 300... When the piston 200 continues to move upward, the control component 300 removes the restriction, and the volume of the cylinder 110 below the piston 200 continues to increase. Under the negative pressure suction, water from the current target water layer enters the cylinder 110 through the inlet. Similarly, after the sampling cylinder 100 continues to sink beyond the current target water layer, the control component 300 restricts the movement of the piston 200, and sampling stops. When the sampling cylinder 100 sinks to the next target water layer, the control component 300 removes the restriction on the piston 200 to continue moving upward, and sampling continues. In this way, the control component 300 intermittently restricts the upward movement of the piston 200. This causes the piston 200 to move upward intermittently under the tension of the elastic element, thus drawing water samples from multiple discontinuous target water layers into the cylinder cavity 110. Compared with the prior art, when sampling water samples from discontinuous target water layers, the piston 200 automatically draws samples whenever the sampling cylinder 100 reaches the target water layer, and automatically stops drawing samples whenever the sampling cylinder 100 leaves the target water layer. Therefore, it is not necessary to pull the sampling cylinder 100 out of the water to sample water samples from multiple discontinuous target water layers. Thus, this device is simpler and more convenient to use.
[0025] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the control component 300 includes a central rod 310, an upper end seat 320, a limit rod 330, and a locking switch 340. The lower end of the central rod 310 is coaxially mounted on the piston 200, and the upper end extends out from the top of the sampling cylinder 100. The upper end seat 320 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central rod 310. There are multiple locking switches 340, and the multiple locking switches 340 are spaced apart around the axis of the sampling cylinder 100 at the top of the sampling cylinder 100. There are multiple limit rods 330, and the multiple limit rods 330 correspond one-to-one with the multiple locking switches 340, and are mounted on the upper end seat 320. The multiple limit rods 330 are configured such that after a first set time interval, they can selectively engage with one of the locking switches 340 for a second set time interval, the second set time interval being longer than the first set time interval. In the initial state, one of the limit rods 330 engages with the corresponding locking switch 340.
[0026] During the sampling process, the staff places the sampling cylinder 100 at the target sampling point in the water area to be sampled. At this time, the sampling cylinder 100 sinks under its own gravity. After the sampling cylinder 100 has been sinking for a second set time, it sinks to the first target water layer. At this time, the limiting rod 330 disengages from the corresponding locking switch 340. Then, the piston 200, together with the central rod 310, the upper end seat 320, and multiple limiting rods 330, moves upward under the action of elastic force. As a result, the volume of the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 increases. In addition, water samples from the target water layer enter the cylinder cavity 110 through the inlet. After the piston 200 moves upward for a first set time, one of the multiple limit rods 330 engages with its corresponding locking switch 340. At this time, the piston 200 stops moving upward, and the volume of the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 no longer increases. Water samples from non-target water layers will not enter the cylinder cavity 110. As the sampling cylinder 100 continues to sink, after a second set time interval, the sampling cylinder 100 sinks to the second target water layer. At this time, the limit... The position lever 330 disengages from the corresponding locking switch 340. Under the same elastic force, the piston 200 continues to move upward along the cylinder 110, thus increasing the volume of the cylinder 110. Water samples from the second target water layer enter the cylinder 110 through the inlet. Similarly, after a first set time interval, the sampling cylinder 100 descends to leave the second target water layer. At this point, one of the multiple position levers 330 engages with the corresponding locking switch 340, stopping the piston 200 from moving upward, and the sampling cylinder 100 continues to descend. After sinking and then after a second set time interval, the sampling cylinder 100 reaches the third target water layer. At this time, the limit rod 330 and the corresponding locking switch 340 disengage. Under the action of the elastic force, the piston 200 continues to move upward along the cylinder cavity 110. At this time, the water sample in the third target water layer enters the cylinder cavity 110. The above process is repeated until the water samples in multiple target water layers are all drawn into the cylinder cavity 110. Finally, the sampling cylinder 100 is pulled out from underwater, and the water sample in the cylinder cavity 110 is poured into the storage container.
[0027] It is understandable that the second preset duration is longer than the first preset duration because the maximum volume of the cavity 110 is limited. Reducing the first preset duration can maximize the number of target water layers sampled.
[0028] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 10As shown, the locking switch 340 includes a claw 341, a support 342, a lever 343, a first magnet 344, and a second magnet 345. The support 342 is disposed on the top of the sampling cylinder 100, and the lever 343 is rotatably disposed on the support 342. The claw 341 is disposed at the end of the lever 343 near the limiting rod 330, the first magnet 344 is disposed at the end of the lever 343 away from the claw 341, and the second magnet 345 is disposed on the top of the sampling cylinder 100 and below the first magnet 344. The faces of the first magnet 344 and the second magnet 345 have opposite magnetic properties. In addition, limiting blocks 331 are provided at different height positions of the multiple limiting rods 330. When the limiting block 331 abuts against the claw 341, the limiting rod 330 is locked and cannot move upward.
[0029] Initially, the piston 200 is located in the lower part of the cylinder cavity 110. At this time, the limiting block 331 on it is in the highest position, and the limiting rod 330 and the corresponding claw 341 are locked. Since multiple limiting rods 330, the center rod 310, the upper end seat 320 and the piston 200 are connected as one unit, the piston 200 cannot move upward under the action of elastic force. When the sampling cylinder 100 sinks underwater for the second set time, the sampling cylinder 100 reaches the first target water layer. At this time, the operator causes the lever 343 corresponding to the limiting rod 330 in the highest position of the limiting block 331 to swing upward at the end away from the claw 341. At this time, the lever 343 rotates counterclockwise around its hinge point with the support 342, and the claw 341 follows. Lever 343 rotates synchronously, causing pawl 341 to press down limit block 331, which in turn causes limit block 331 to move limit rod 330 downwards synchronously. When limit block 331 moves down to the point where it no longer interferes with the rotation of pawl 341, piston 200 moves upwards under the action of elastic force. Piston 200 then moves center rod 310, upper end seat 320, and limit rod 330 upwards simultaneously. At this time, the water sample from the first target water layer enters the cylinder cavity 110 through the inlet. After a first set time interval, multiple limit rods 330 move upwards until the limit block 331 on them is at the second highest position, where the limit rod 330 and the corresponding pawl 341 are locked. At this time, under the locking action of pawl 341 and limit block 331, The limiting rod 330 cannot move upwards further, therefore the piston 200 also cannot move upwards further. At this point, water samples from non-target water layers stop entering the cylinder cavity 110. After a second set time interval, the sampling cylinder 100 sinks to the second target water layer. Similarly, at this time, the operator causes the lever 343, corresponding to the limiting rod 330 at the second highest position, to swing upwards at the end furthest from the pawl 341. The lever 343 then rotates counterclockwise around its hinge point with the support 342. The pawl 341 rotates synchronously with the lever 343, thus pressing the limiting block 331 downwards, causing the limiting block 331 to move the limiting rod 330 downwards synchronously. When the limiting block 331 moves down to the point where it no longer presses against the pawl 341... When the rotation of piston 1 causes interference, piston 200 moves upward under the action of elastic force. Piston 200 then drives the central rod 310, upper end seat 320, and limiting rod 330 to move upward simultaneously. At this time, the water sample from the second target water layer enters the cylinder cavity 110 through the inlet. Similarly, after a first set time interval, multiple limiting rods 330 move upward until the limiting block 331 on top of them is in the third highest position, where the limiting rod 330 and the corresponding claw 341 are locked. At this time, water samples from non-target water layers stop entering the cylinder cavity 110. After another second set time interval, the operator then causes the lever 343 corresponding to the limiting rod 330 at the third highest position, away from the claw 341, to swing upward.The process continues until the limiting block 331 on the limiting rod 330 is no longer interfered with by the claw 341. This process is repeated until the limiting block 331 is at its lowest position, and the limiting rod 330 and corresponding claw 341 are locked. At this point, the piston 200 has moved upwards to its upper limit position, and sampling of the deepest target water layer is complete. Next, the operator pulls the sampling cylinder 100 out of the water and pours out the water sample from the cylinder cavity 110.
[0030] It is understandable that the distance the piston 200 moves upward along the cylinder cavity 110 each time depends on the first preset time, which in turn depends on the height difference between two adjacent limiting blocks 331. When the number of target water layers sampled is small, the height difference between two adjacent limiting blocks 331 is large, and vice versa.
[0031] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control component 300 also includes multiple depth-fixing ropes 350, each with a different length, and each depth-fixing rope 350 corresponds one-to-one with a multiple lever 343, and is connected to the end of the lever 343 away from the pawl 341. Specifically, the end of the lever 343 away from the pawl 341 has a rope connection hole 346 for connecting the depth-fixing rope 350. When the depth-fixing rope 350 is taut, the corresponding pawl 341 disengages from the limiting rod 330.
[0032] In use, the operator positions the ends of the multiple depth-fixing ropes 350 away from the lever 343 at the same height in the initial state. Since the lengths of the multiple depth-fixing ropes 350 are different and correspond to the depths of the multiple target sampling water layers, whenever the sampling tube 100 sinks to a target water layer, the corresponding length of the depth-fixing rope 350 becomes taut. At this time, the depth-fixing rope 350 pulls the corresponding end of the lever 343 away from the chuck 341 upward, causing the end of the lever 343 away from the chuck 341 to swing upward. This causes the chuck 341 to disengage from the limiting block 331 on the corresponding limiting rod 330, and the piston 200 can then move upward under the action of the elastic force.
[0033] To ensure that the ends of the multiple fixed-depth ropes 350 away from the lever 343 are at the same height in the initial state, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in a further embodiment, a float 360 is provided at the end of the depth-fixing rope 350 away from the lever 343.
[0034] In use, the depth-fixing rope 350 and the float 360 are deployed together at the target sampling point in the water area to be sampled. At this time, all the floats 360 float on the water. Whenever the sampling tube 100 reaches a target water layer, a corresponding depth-fixing rope 350 is taut. At this time, the depth-fixing rope 350 pulls the corresponding lever 343, causing the end of the lever 343 away from the pawl 341 to swing upward. At this time, the pawl 341 disengages from the limiting block 331 on the corresponding limiting rod 330. Thus, under the action of elasticity, the piston 200 can move upward.
[0035] It is understandable that the height difference between two adjacent target water layers depends on the second preset time, and the size of the second preset time depends on the length difference between two adjacent depth ropes 350. When it is necessary to increase the height difference between two adjacent target water layers, the length difference between the two adjacent depth ropes 350 is increased; conversely, the length difference between the two adjacent depth ropes 350 is decreased.
[0036] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, an elastic rope 400 is provided between the lower end of the sampling cylinder 100 and the lower end of the limiting rod 330, and a fixed pulley 410 is provided on the upper part of the sampling cylinder 100. The fixed pulley 410 is slidably connected to the elastic rope 400.
[0037] In the initial state, the piston 200 is located at the lower part of the cylinder cavity 110. At this time, the elastic rope 400 is in a stretched state, so the piston 200 is subjected to the upward pulling force of the elastic rope 400. When the pawl 341 and the limiting block 331 are disengaged, the elastic rope 400 pulls the lower end of the limiting rod 330 to move upward. Then the limiting rod 330 drives the piston 200 to move upward through the upper end seat 320 and the center rod 310. At this time, the volume of the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 increases, and the water sample in the target water layer enters the cylinder cavity 110 through the liquid inlet.
[0038] It is understandable that when the sampling cylinder 100 is at different depths underwater, the water pressure varies, which affects the speed at which the water sample enters the cylinder cavity 110 through the inlet. This results in a significant difference in the amount of water sample entering the cylinder cavity 110 for each target water layer. To solve this problem, in a further embodiment, the inlet is a helical groove 500. The helical groove 500 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sampling cylinder 100 and extends radially into the interior of the sampling cylinder 100. Flexible bands 600 are provided on both the upper and lower groove surfaces of the helical groove 500. In the initial state, the facing surfaces of the two flexible bands 600 are in contact with each other. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder cavity 110 is greater than a preset value, the two flexible bands 600 are squeezed and separated from each other, at which point the helical groove 500 opens.
[0039] When the sampling cylinder 100 is in a relatively shallow target water layer, as the piston 200 moves upward, a negative pressure gradually forms in the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200. At this time, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 gradually increases. When the pressure difference exceeds a preset value, the facing surfaces of the two flexible bands 600 separate under the squeezing action of the pressure difference. At this time, the helical groove 500 located below the piston 200 opens, and the water sample enters the cylinder cavity 110 below the piston 200 through this part of the helical groove 500. Within 0°C, due to the relatively low water pressure, the flow cross-section of the solenoid 500 is relatively small, resulting in a slower inflow velocity of the water sample through the solenoid 500. Simultaneously, due to the greater elasticity of the elastic rope 400, the piston 200 moves upwards more rapidly. Therefore, under the action of the elastic rope 400, the negative pressure suction in the cylinder 110 below the piston 200 is greater, leading to a faster flow velocity of the water sample entering the cylinder 110 through the solenoid 500. This combination of "fast and slow" ensures that the flow rate of the water sample into the cylinder 110 is maintained at a certain level. Within a suitable range to facilitate the collection of an appropriate amount of water sample, as the piston 200 moves upward, the pressure in the cylinder 110 above the piston 200 gradually increases. This ensures that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder 110 above the piston 200 never exceeds a preset value, preventing water samples from entering the cylinder 110 above the piston 200. When the sampling cylinder 100 is in a relatively deep target water layer, the water pressure is relatively high, resulting in a relatively large flow cross-section of the helical groove 500. The water sample passes through the helical groove 500... The flow rate of water sample 00 is relatively fast. At the same time, because the elasticity of the elastic rope 400 is relatively small, the negative pressure suction of the cylinder 110 below the piston 200 is relatively small. Therefore, the water sample enters the cylinder 110 through the helical groove 500 at a relatively slow speed. Similarly, this "fast and slow" combination ensures that when the sampling cylinder 100 is located at different target water layers, the flow rate of water sample entering the cylinder 110 is maintained within a suitable range. This ensures that the amount of water sampled by the sampling cylinder 100 at different target water layers will not differ too much.
[0040] It should also be noted that, compared to the existing technology which opens the liquid inlet on one side of the sampling cylinder 100, the present invention designs the liquid inlet as a spiral groove 500, which allows water samples from all parts of the sampling cylinder 100 to enter the cylinder cavity 110 evenly. This makes the collected water samples more representative, less random, and better able to reflect the true state of water pollution.
[0041] It should also be noted that, since the fixed pulley 410 is located at the upper part of the sampling cylinder 100, and the elastic rope 400 is slidably connected to the fixed pulley 410, the upper part of the sampling cylinder 100 is subjected to twice the tension from the elastic rope 400. One end of the elastic rope 400 is located at the lower part of the sampling cylinder 100, and the other end is located on the limiting rod 330. Therefore, the lower part of the sampling cylinder 100 is subjected to twice the tension from the elastic rope 400. This results in a greater pressure on the upper part of the sampling cylinder 100. Furthermore, as the piston 200 gradually moves upward inside the cylinder cavity 110, the pressure on the cylinder above the piston 200 increases. Positive pressure gradually forms inside cavity 110. Under the combined action of both, the upper part of sampling cylinder 100 can maintain good sealing to prevent water sample from entering the cylinder cavity 110 above piston 200. The lower part of sampling cylinder 100 is subjected to less pressure. As piston 200 gradually moves upward inside cylinder cavity 110, negative pressure gradually forms inside cylinder cavity 110 below piston 200. Under the combined action of both, the helical groove 500 in the area of cylinder cavity 110 below piston 200 is more easily opened by force, so that water sample can enter cylinder cavity 110 below piston 200.
[0042] To increase the sampling versatility of the device, enabling it to sample even in relatively shallow target water layers (relatively shallow water refers to target water layers with a sampling depth of approximately two meters), in a further embodiment, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the outer surface of the flexible strip 600 is an arc surface 610.
[0043] This design is intended to increase the contact area between the water sample and the flexible band 600, making it easier for the two flexible bands 600 to separate after being squeezed, thus allowing the helical groove 500 to open.
[0044] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a pulling rope 700 is provided at the upper end of the center rod 310, and the length of the pulling rope 700 is greater than that of the longest fixed-depth rope 350.
[0045] The pull rope 700 is installed to facilitate the staff to pull the sampling tube 100 out of the water.
[0046] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a drain port 120 is provided at the lower part of the sampling cylinder 100.
[0047] The drain outlet 120 is provided to facilitate staff in pouring the mixed water sample after sampling into the storage container.
[0048] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0049] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A layered sampling device for water pollution detection, characterized by, include: The sampling tube has an internal cavity and a liquid inlet in the circumferential direction, which can be connected to the cavity. The piston is elastically slidably disposed inside the cavity of the sampling cylinder, and an elastic element is provided between the piston and the top of the cavity. The elastic element is used to make the piston tend to move away from the bottom of the cavity. The control component is connected between the piston and the sampling cylinder. In the initial state, the control component restricts the piston position to the lower part of the cylinder cavity. During the sampling process, the control component intermittently restricts the piston from moving upward, thereby allowing the water sample in the discontinuous water layer to enter the cylinder cavity through the inlet.
2. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control assembly includes a central rod, an upper seat, limit rods, and locking switches. The lower end of the central rod is coaxially mounted on the piston, and the upper end extends through the top of the sampling cylinder. The upper seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central rod. There are multiple locking switches, which are spaced apart around the axis of the sampling cylinder at the top of the sampling cylinder. There are multiple limit rods, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple locking switches and are mounted on the upper seat. The multiple limit rods are configured such that they can engage with one of the locking switches after a first set time interval for a second set time interval, the second set time interval being longer than the first set time interval.
3. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking switch includes a claw, a support, a lever, a first magnet, and a second magnet. The support is located on the top of the sampling cylinder, the lever is rotatably mounted on the support, the claw is located at the end of the lever near the limit rod, the first magnet is located at the end of the lever away from the claw, and the second magnet is located on the top of the sampling cylinder and below the first magnet. The sides of the first magnet and the second magnet facing each other have opposite magnetic properties.
4. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control component also includes multiple depth-fixing ropes, each with a different length, and each depth-fixing rope corresponds to a lever. The ropes are connected to the end of the lever furthest from the chuck. When the depth-fixing rope is taut, the corresponding chuck disengages from the limit rod.
5. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 4, wherein, A float is installed at the end of the depth-fixing rope away from the lever.
6. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that, An elastic rope is installed between the lower end of the sampling cylinder and the lower end of the limiting rod, and a fixed pulley is installed at the upper part of the sampling cylinder, with the fixed pulley slidably connected to the elastic rope.
7. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid inlet is a helical groove, which is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sampling cylinder, and flexible strips are provided on both the upper and lower groove surfaces of the helical groove. In the initial state, the facing surfaces of the two flexible strips are in contact with each other; When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder exceeds the preset value, the two flexible bands are squeezed and separated from each other, at which point the helical groove opens.
8. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer surface of the flexible strip is a circular arc surface.
9. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 2, wherein A pull rope is installed at the upper end of the center rod.
10. The layered sampling device for water pollution detection according to claim 1, wherein The sampling tube has a drain port at the bottom.