Device and method for testing gas charging and discharging mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environment

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for testing gas charging and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environments. Comprising a carbon fiber winding gas cylinder, a visual anti-explosion heat insulation test system, an environment temperature regulation and control system, an inflation and deflation temperature / speed regulation and control circulation system, a high-pressure release recovery system, a temperature monitoring system, a strain acquisition system, a non-contact strain acquisition system, an acoustic emission acquisition system, a pressure monitoring system, a sound-light alarm system and a program control and data processing system. According to the invention, multi-parameter in-situ real-time monitoring of mechanical properties of inflation and deflation cycle carbon fibers and liner structures in high and low temperature environments is focused, the safety performance is comprehensively analyzed and judged through multi-point space-time parameters, and a real-time monitoring, comprehensive evaluation and safety early warning integrated test technology is formed; and the technical blank of multi-influence mechanism, multi-parameter dynamic monitoring comprehensive analysis, mechanical property judgment and safety early warning in the gas charging and discharging circulation process of the carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in the high and low temperature environment is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a testing device, and more particularly to a testing device and method for testing the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders under high and low temperature environments during filling and discharging. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure transitions towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, hydrogen energy, with its wide availability, high calorific value, and zero carbon emissions, is considered the most promising secondary energy source. In the hydrogen energy industry chain, safe, efficient, and economical storage and transportation technologies are a key bottleneck for large-scale application. Currently, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is the most mature and widely used hydrogen storage technology. In particular, carbon fiber composite wound hydrogen storage cylinders, with their lightweight, high strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance, have become core components of hydrogen storage devices in fields such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. However, in actual service, the cylinders are subjected to long-term high-pressure hydrogen filling and discharging cycles, and the working environment varies greatly, posing a severe challenge to the structural integrity of the cylinders and the mechanical properties of the materials during the filling and discharging processes.

[0003] Currently, research and testing on carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders mainly focus on design optimization, static strength analysis, room temperature fatigue performance, and burst pressure testing. Domestic and international scholars have conducted relevant experimental studies and achieved significant progress in cylinder layup design, stress analysis, burst prediction, and full-size failure. In terms of inspection, ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing, and infrared thermography have been used to conduct corresponding non-destructive testing for composite material defects (such as porosity, delamination, and wrinkles). However, existing research largely focuses on room temperature or a single stable environment, failing to fully consider the influence of ambient temperature on the mechanical properties of the cylinder material during actual filling and discharging. Furthermore, existing research on cylinder condition monitoring primarily focuses on post-experimental destructive inspection or offline monitoring of a single parameter (such as strain). Effective in-situ, real-time, and multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and evaluation of internal damage (such as microcracks and interfacial debonding) that may initiate and propagate during fatigue is lacking. This research focuses on the cyclic filling and discharging tests and multi-parameter in-situ real-time monitoring devices for carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders under high and low temperature environments. It enables cyclic simulation of fatigue mechanical performance testing of hydrogen storage cylinders in complex environments with varying operating conditions, allowing for simultaneous, in-situ, and real-time monitoring and acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters for comprehensive evaluation and safety early warning. Through fatigue testing under varying environmental temperatures and filling / discharging rates, and comprehensive analysis of multiple mechanical performance parameters, the research achieves online evaluation of the cylinder's structural mechanical performance response and provides early warning of potential failure risks. This provides crucial experimental data and theoretical basis for the reliability design, life prediction, and formulation of safe operating standards for hydrogen storage cylinders. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To provide a device and method for testing the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders under high and low temperature environments during filling and discharging, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention provides a testing device for the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders under high and low temperature environments, comprising a carbon fiber wound cylinder, a visual explosion-proof insulation testing system, an ambient temperature control system, a filling / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system, a high-pressure release and recovery system, a temperature monitoring system, a strain acquisition system, a non-contact strain acquisition system, an acoustic emission acquisition system, a pressure monitoring system, an audible and visual alarm system, and a program control and data processing system; the program control and data processing system includes a program control and data processor, a synchronous controller, a PID temperature controller, and a PID pressure controller;

[0006] The carbon fiber wound gas cylinder is horizontally installed within the visual explosion-proof insulation testing system, whose position is adjusted by the system. An ambient temperature control system regulates the ambient temperature of the system. A filling / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system fills and discharges the cylinder. A high-pressure release and recovery system releases high pressure from the cylinder. An audible and visual alarm system provides both. A temperature monitoring system monitors the internal temperature of the cylinder, its surface temperature, the ambient temperature within the system, the inlet temperature of the gas supplied to the system, and the temperature of the filling / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system. The system includes: a filling temperature monitoring system; a strain acquisition system for monitoring strain displacement on the local surface of the carbon fiber wound cylinder; a non-contact strain acquisition system for displaying images of the strain on the carbon fiber wound cylinder; an acoustic emission acquisition system for monitoring acoustic emission signals from the carbon fiber wound cylinder; a pressure monitoring system for monitoring the pressure of the filling / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system and the high-pressure relief and recovery system; and a programmable controller and data processor for controlling the operation of the ambient temperature control system, strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, filling / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system, high-pressure relief and recovery system, and audible and visual alarm system. The system is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring system via a PID temperature controller and to the pressure monitoring system via a PID pressure controller.

[0007] Furthermore, the visual explosion-proof insulation test system includes two scale rails, an explosion-proof chamber, a visual explosion-proof window, and ventilation ducts; a viewing window is provided on the front side of the explosion-proof chamber; the visual explosion-proof window is sealed and embedded in the viewing window; the two scale rails are installed parallel to each other on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof chamber; two movable horizontal supports for supporting carbon fiber wound gas cylinders are slidably and adjustablely installed on each scale rail; and the ventilation ducts are sealed and connected to the explosion-proof chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the ambient temperature control system includes a gas equalization plate, a solid-state relay, a tubular air heater, a coiled air cooler, a variable frequency centrifugal fan, a cryogenic refrigerator, an AC contactor, and an insulated gas delivery pipe. The gas equalization plate is installed on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin. An equipment installation compartment is located on the left side of the explosion-proof cabin. The solid-state relay, the tubular air heater, and the coiled air cooler are all located in the equipment installation compartment. The air inlets of the tubular air heater and the coiled air cooler are connected in parallel between the variable frequency centrifugal fan and the insulated gas delivery pipe. The insulated gas delivery pipe is connected to the gas equalization plate. The tubular air heater is electrically connected to the synchronous controller and the program control and data processor through the solid-state relay. The cryogenic refrigerator is used to circulate refrigerant to the coiled air cooler and is electrically connected to the synchronous controller and the program control and data processor through the AC contactor.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring system includes multiple temperature sensors, multiple patch thermocouples, and multiple platinum resistance temperature sensors. Each temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the ambient temperature control system, the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder, and the temperature / speed control circulation system for charging and discharging. Each patch thermocouple is attached to the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder. Each platinum resistance temperature sensor is installed inside the explosion-proof chamber. Each temperature sensor, each patch thermocouple, and each platinum resistance temperature sensor are electrically connected to a PID temperature controller, a synchronization controller, and a program control and data processor.

[0010] Furthermore, the strain acquisition system includes a strain signal acquisition instrument and multiple strain acquisition units; each strain acquisition unit is installed on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder to acquire the strain displacement of the local surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder, and each is electrically connected to the synchronous controller and the program control and data processor through the strain signal acquisition instrument.

[0011] The non-contact strain acquisition system includes a lighting lamp and two high-speed cameras; both the lighting lamp and the two high-speed cameras are located on the front side of the explosion-proof cabin; the lighting lamp is used to illuminate the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder; the two high-speed cameras are used to acquire images of the strain of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder.

[0012] The lighting fixtures are electrically connected to the synchronization controller; two high-speed cameras are electrically connected to the synchronization controller, program control, and data processor via a strain signal acquisition device.

[0013] Furthermore, the acoustic emission acquisition system includes an AE signal amplifier, an AE signal acquisition unit, and multiple acoustic emission sensors; each acoustic emission sensor is mounted on the surface of a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder to acquire acoustic emission signals, and is electrically connected to a synchronization controller and a program control and data processor in sequence through the AE signal amplifier and the AE signal acquisition unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the charging / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system includes an explosion-proof gas buffer tank, an explosion-proof vacuum pump, an explosion-proof gas recovery tank, and an explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank;

[0015] The outlet of the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank is connected in series via a gas filling pipe to an explosion-proof gas filter, a fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve, an explosion-proof booster pump, an explosion-proof gas dryer, a second flow sensor, a second flow control valve, an explosion-proof shut-off valve, an explosion-proof gas heat exchanger, and a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder; the temperature on both sides of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger is monitored by a temperature monitoring system.

[0016] The gas inlet of the explosion-proof gas recovery tank is connected in series with a first flow control valve, a first flow sensor, an explosion-proof pressure reducing valve, and a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder through a gas venting pipe.

[0017] The explosion-proof gas buffer tank is connected in series with the explosion-proof vacuum pump, the explosion-proof vacuum pump with the explosion-proof gas recovery tank, and the explosion-proof gas recovery tank with the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank via a first explosion-proof solenoid valve, a second explosion-proof solenoid valve, and a third explosion-proof solenoid valve, respectively.

[0018] The first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, the first explosion-proof solenoid valve, the second explosion-proof solenoid valve, the third explosion-proof solenoid valve, and the fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the synchronous controller and the program control and data processor; the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor are all electrically connected to the synchronous controller and the program control and data processor through the PID pressure controller.

[0019] The high-pressure relief and recovery system includes an explosion-proof spring safety valve and a hydrogen relief pipe; one end of the hydrogen relief pipe is connected to the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder through the explosion-proof spring safety valve, and the other end is connected to the explosion-proof gas recovery tank.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure monitoring system includes three capacitive pressure sensors; the three capacitive pressure sensors are used to monitor the pressure on the inflation side and the deflation side of the high-pressure relief and recovery system, the inflation / deflation temperature / speed control circulation system, respectively, and are all electrically connected to the PID pressure controller, the synchronization controller, the program control and the data processor through a PID pressure controller.

[0021] Furthermore, the audible and visual alarm system includes two audible and visual alarms; both audible and visual alarms are electrically connected to a synchronization controller and a program control and data processor.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a test method for a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging mechanical performance testing device under high and low temperature environments, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Instrument Inspection: Check and confirm that the connections of each system are intact; check and confirm that the components in each system are working properly; check and ensure that the synchronous controller, program control and data processor can effectively and accurately control the program and acquire data.

[0024] Step 2: System Adjustment: Adjust each system to the experimental state and debug each system to ensure that each system can work stably and reliably;

[0025] Step 3: Set experimental parameters: Set the corresponding start and stop control program in the program control and data processor, and determine the data acquisition frequency of the temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system, the charging and discharging rate / temperature of the charging and discharging temperature / rate regulation circulation system, and the ambient temperature of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system.

[0026] Step 4: Conduct the experiment: The ambient temperature control system and the charge / discharge temperature / speed control cycle system are controlled in coordination by the program control, data processor and synchronous controller. The temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system are controlled to acquire and record data.

[0027] Step 5: Shut down the device: After the experiment is completed, shut down all system components and purge the gas from the visual explosion-proof insulation test system.

[0028] Step Six: Check and maintain equipment: Check the components of each system for damage and perform maintenance.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, this invention can establish a fully automated environmental temperature control, gas filling and discharging rate control, and gas inlet temperature control simulation of complex conditions under high and low temperature loading, as well as its testing method; by integrating a high and low temperature variable environment and a gas filling and discharging cycle fatigue loading system, based on multi-parameter in-situ real-time dynamic response change data, it explores the influence of environmental temperature on the mechanical properties of gas cylinder materials during the hydrogen filling and discharging process, and helps to analyze the mechanism of action of gas filling and discharging rate and gas inlet temperature on the structural integrity of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders;

[0030] Second, this invention can establish a fully automated multi-parameter synchronous in-situ real-time monitoring system; by real-time synchronous monitoring of the dynamic changes of multi-dimensional parameters, it helps to realize the spatiotemporal correlation analysis of multi-dimensional parameters such as the mechanical response, damage monitoring and environmental control of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders.

[0031] Third, this invention helps to build a multi-source monitoring data fusion and analysis system by collecting multi-dimensional data in real time; through the fusion and analysis of multi-source monitoring data, it helps to realize real-time online assessment and analysis of the structural integrity and mechanical performance stability of gas cylinders during service; by judging damage through acoustic emission signals, it can provide early and accurate warning of potential structural failure risks, avoid safety hazards in advance, and provide experimental reference data and theoretical basis for the reliability design, life prediction and safety use standards of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders.

[0032] IV. The main function of this invention is to perform multi-parameter in-situ real-time monitoring and performance evaluation testing during the fatigue test of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders under different ambient temperatures, filling and discharging rates and inlet temperatures. Based on the multi-parameter working condition environmental parameter control, it proposes key technical methods for testing the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders under high and low temperature environments during filling and discharging, and helps to establish a quantitative relationship model between multiple influencing parameters and mechanical performance response change parameters.

[0033] V. Compared with traditional experimental devices, this invention has the characteristics of novel design and diverse experimental content, namely, many measurement parameters and intuitive experimental results, which provide experimental reference data and theoretical basis for the reliability design, life prediction and safety use standard formulation of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders.

[0034] VI. The present invention has a reasonable structure, stable performance, and is easy to operate, making it convenient for conducting research on the mechanical performance testing of carbon fiber wound gas cylinders under high and low temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing buffer layer of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the composite heat insulation layer of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a peak frequency distribution diagram of the acoustic emission signal corresponding to the damage mode of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the temperature variation of the internal temperature of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder of the present invention with different inlet air temperatures.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the environmental temperature control process of the present invention;

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Carbon fiber wound gas cylinder; 2. Gas flow equalization plate; 3. Scale slide rail; 4. Movable horizontal support; 5. Rubber buffer pad; 6. Surface mount thermocouple; 7-1. First metal foil strain gauge; 7-2. Second metal foil strain gauge; 8. Acoustic emission sensor; 9. Explosion-proof spring safety valve; 10. Platinum resistance temperature sensor; 11. Energy-absorbing buffer layer; 11-3. Reinforced back plate; 11-2. Spring energy-absorbing array; 11-1. Honeycomb aluminum plate; 12. Composite insulation layer; 12 -1. Outer stainless steel plate; 12-2. Polyurethane foam filling layer; 12-3. Middle stainless steel plate; 12-4. Vacuum insulation panel; 12-5. Inner stainless steel plate; 13. Explosion-proof cabin; 14. Visual explosion-proof window; 15. Ventilation duct; 16. Solid-state relay; 17. Tubular air heater; 18. Coil-type air cooler; 19. Variable frequency centrifugal fan; 20. Cryogenic refrigerator; 21. AC contactor; 22. High-speed camera; 23. Lighting lamp; 24. PI 25. Temperature controller; 26. Program control and data processor; 27. Synchronization controller; 28. Strain signal acquisition instrument; 29. ​​AE signal amplifier; 30. AE signal acquisition device; 31. PID pressure controller; 32. Explosion-proof gas heat exchanger; 33. Explosion-proof pressure reducing valve; 34. Explosion-proof shut-off valve; 34-1. First flow control valve; 34-2. Second flow control valve; 35-1. First flow sensor; 35-2. Second flow sensor; 36. Explosion-proof gas buffer tank; 37-1 First explosion-proof solenoid valve; 37-2 Second explosion-proof solenoid valve; 37-3 Third explosion-proof solenoid valve; 37-4 Fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve; 38 Explosion-proof vacuum pump; 39 Explosion-proof gas recovery tank; 40 Explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank; 41 Explosion-proof gas filter; 42 Explosion-proof booster pump; 43 Explosion-proof gas dryer; 44 Audible and visual alarm; 45 Capacitive pressure sensor; 46 Temperature sensor; 47-1 Insulated gas delivery pipe; 47-2 Refrigerant delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description of this invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a high and low temperature environment carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging mechanical performance testing device, comprising: a carbon fiber wound cylinder 1, a visual explosion-proof insulation test system, an ambient temperature control system, a filling and discharging temperature / rate control circulation system, a high pressure release and recovery system, a temperature monitoring system, a strain acquisition system, a non-contact strain acquisition system, an acoustic emission acquisition system, a pressure monitoring system, an audible and visual alarm system, and a program control and data processing system; the program control and data processing system includes a program control and data processor 25, a synchronous controller 26, a PID temperature controller 24, and a PID pressure controller 30;

[0047] A carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 is horizontally installed within a visual explosion-proof insulation testing system, whose position is adjusted by the system. An ambient temperature control system regulates the ambient temperature of the system. A charging / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system charges and discharges the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. A high-pressure release and recovery system releases high pressure from the cylinder. An audible and visual alarm system issues alarms. A temperature monitoring system monitors the temperature inside the cylinder, its surface temperature, the ambient temperature within the system, the inlet temperature of the gas supplied by the system, and the charging temperature of the system. A strain acquisition system monitors the strain displacement of a local surface of the cylinder. A non-contact strain acquisition system displays images of the strain in the cylinder. An acoustic emission acquisition system monitors the acoustic emission signals of the cylinder. A pressure monitoring system monitors the pressure of the charging / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system and the high-pressure release and recovery system.

[0048] The program control and data processor 25 and the synchronization controller 26 control the operation of the ambient temperature control system, strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system, high pressure relief and recovery system and audible and visual alarm system. They are electrically connected to the temperature monitoring system through the PID temperature controller 24 and to the pressure monitoring system through the PID pressure controller 30.

[0049] The program control and data processing system enables coordinated control of various systems. The filling and discharging temperature / rate regulation circulation system enables the filling and discharging of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. The high-pressure release and recovery system enables the high-pressure release of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. The ambient temperature control system enables the regulation of the ambient temperature inside the visualized explosion-proof insulation test system. The temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system, and pressure monitoring system enable the monitoring of key parameter data during the experiment. The program control and data processing system collects and records the data to help researchers perform data analysis.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0051] I. This invention enables the establishment of a fully automated testing device and method for the mechanical property response of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 under simulated complex conditions of high and low temperature loading, including ambient temperature control, filling and discharging rate control, and inlet temperature control. By integrating a high and low temperature variable environment and a filling and discharging cycle fatigue loading system, and based on multi-parameter in-situ real-time dynamic response change data, the invention explores the influence of ambient temperature on the mechanical properties of gas cylinder materials during the hydrogen filling and discharging process, and helps to analyze the mechanism of the filling and discharging rate and inlet temperature on the structural integrity of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1.

[0052] Second, this invention can establish a fully automated multi-parameter synchronous in-situ real-time monitoring system; by real-time synchronous monitoring of the dynamic changes of multi-dimensional parameters, it helps to realize the spatiotemporal correlation analysis of multi-dimensional parameters such as mechanical response, damage monitoring and environmental control of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1.

[0053] Third, this invention helps to build a multi-source monitoring data fusion analysis system by collecting multi-dimensional data in real time; through the fusion analysis of multi-source monitoring data, it helps to realize real-time online assessment and analysis of the structural integrity and mechanical performance stability of gas cylinders during service; by judging damage through acoustic emission signals, it can provide early and accurate warning of potential structural failure risks, avoid safety hazards in advance, and provide experimental reference data and theoretical basis for the reliability design, life prediction and safety use standards of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1.

[0054] IV. The main function of this invention is to perform multi-parameter in-situ real-time monitoring and performance evaluation testing during the fatigue test of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 under different ambient temperatures, filling and discharging rates and inlet temperatures. Based on the multi-parameter working condition environmental parameter control, it proposes key technical methods for testing the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 under high and low temperature environments during filling and discharging, and helps to establish a quantitative relationship model between multiple influencing parameters and mechanical performance response change parameters.

[0055] V. Compared with traditional experimental devices, the present invention has the characteristics of novel scheme design and diverse experimental content, namely, many measurement parameters and intuitive experimental results, which provide experimental reference data and theoretical basis for the reliability design, life prediction and safety use standard formulation of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1.

[0056] VI. The present invention has a reasonable structure, stable performance, and is easy to operate, making it convenient for conducting research on the mechanical performance testing of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 under high and low temperature environments.

[0057] Furthermore, the visual explosion-proof insulation test system includes two scale slide rails 3, an explosion-proof chamber 13, a visual explosion-proof window 14, and a ventilation duct 15;

[0058] A viewing window is provided on the front side of the explosion-proof cabin 13; a sealed explosion-proof viewing window 14 is installed on the viewing window; a composite heat insulation layer 12 and an energy-absorbing buffer layer 11 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside on each inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin 13; the composite heat insulation layer 12 consists of an outer stainless steel plate 12-1, a polyurethane foam filling layer 12-2, a middle stainless steel plate 12-3, a vacuum insulation board 12-4, and an inner stainless steel plate 12-5 from the outside to the inside; the energy-absorbing buffer layer 11 consists of a reinforced back plate 11-3, a spring energy-absorbing array 11-2, and a honeycomb aluminum plate 11-1 from the inside to the outside;

[0059] Two scale slide rails 3 are installed horizontally in parallel on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof cabin 13; two movable horizontal supports 4 are slidably and adjustablely installed on each scale slide rail 3; each movable horizontal support 4 has a mounting slot at its upper end; a rubber buffer pad 5 is provided on the groove wall of each mounting slot; the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 is horizontally supported on the upper end of the four movable horizontal supports 4, with the cylinder opening facing the right; one end of the ventilation duct 15 is sealed and connected to the lower side of the explosion-proof cabin 13; rollers are provided on the lower side of the explosion-proof cabin 13.

[0060] By utilizing the cooperation between the scale slide rail 3 and the movable horizontal support 4, the support point of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 and its position within the explosion-proof chamber 13 can be adjusted as needed, and the scale graduations on the scale slide rail 3 allow for more precise adjustment; the rubber buffer pad 5 reduces contact friction and prevents damage to the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; when the pressure of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 is too high, causing fragments to burst out, the energy-absorbing buffer layer 11 can reduce the impact of the fragments on the explosion-proof chamber 13; the composite heat insulation layer 12 can increase the heat insulation performance of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system; the visual explosion-proof window 14 facilitates image acquisition by the non-contact strain acquisition system; and the rollers enable convenient movement of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system.

[0061] Furthermore, the ambient temperature control system includes a gas flow equalization plate 2, a solid-state relay 16, a tubular air electric heater 17, a coil air cooler 18, a variable frequency centrifugal fan 19, a cryogenic refrigerator 20, an AC contactor 21, and an insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1.

[0062] The gas distribution plate 2 is installed on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof compartment 13;

[0063] An equipment installation compartment is provided on the left side of the explosion-proof compartment 13; the solid-state relay 16, the tubular air electric heater 17, and the coil air cooler 18 are all located in the equipment installation compartment.

[0064] The air inlets of the tubular air heater 17 and the coiled air cooler 18 are connected in parallel to the air outlet of the variable frequency centrifugal fan 19, and the air outlets are connected in parallel to the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1; plug valves are installed on the ventilation duct 15, the charging and discharging sides of the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system, and the air inlets and outlets of the tubular air heater 17 and the coiled air cooler 18; the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1 extends into the explosion-proof cabin 13 in a sealed manner and is connected to the gas equalization plate 2; the tubular air heater 17 is electrically connected to the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 through the solid-state relay 16;

[0065] The output port and return port of the low-temperature refrigeration unit 20 are respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet and refrigerant outlet of the coil-type air cooler 18 through two refrigerant delivery pipes 47-2;

[0066] The cryogenic refrigerator 20 is electrically connected to the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 via the AC contactor 21.

[0067] Gas equalization plate 2 ensures uniform gas flow into the test environment space; program control and data processor 25 according to... Figure 6 The ambient temperature control flowchart shown is used to control the ambient temperature so that the explosion-proof cabin 13 reaches the required ambient temperature.

[0068] The inlet and outlet valves of the tubular air heater 17 and the coiled air cooler 18 are used to control the flow direction of the gas and heat or cool the gas to achieve the temperature environment required by the explosion-proof chamber 13. The air drawn in by the variable frequency centrifugal fan 19 passes through the tubular air heater 17 or the coiled air cooler 18, and after being heated or cooled, it enters the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1, and is then delivered to the main test chamber by the gas flow equalization plate 2. The low temperature refrigerator 20 circulates refrigerant into the coiled air cooler 18 to ensure the cooling effect of the coiled air cooler 18 on the air.

[0069] By using the plug valve installed on the exhaust pipe 15, the gas exchange between the inside and outside of the explosion-proof chamber 13 and the control of the ambient temperature can be assisted when adjusting the test environment temperature.

[0070] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring system includes four temperature sensors 46, eight patch thermocouples 6, and eight platinum resistance temperature sensors 10.

[0071] Eight detection points are spaced apart on the outer surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. The eight detection points are A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and A8.

[0072] One temperature sensor 46 is installed on the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1, one temperature sensor 46 is installed at the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, and the remaining two temperature sensors 46 are used to detect the temperature of the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system.

[0073] Eight patch thermocouples 6 are respectively attached to points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and A8 on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; eight platinum resistance temperature sensors 10 are respectively installed at the eight corners inside the explosion-proof chamber 13.

[0074] Four temperature sensors 46, eight surface mount thermocouples 6, and eight platinum resistance temperature sensors 10 are all electrically connected to a PID temperature controller 24, a synchronization controller 26, and a program control and data processor 25.

[0075] The surface-mount thermocouple 6 is used to assist the program control and data processor 25 in real-time monitoring and acquisition of the temperature of different local surfaces of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; the platinum resistance temperature sensor 10 is used to assist the program control and data processor 25 in real-time detection of the ambient temperature value inside the explosion-proof chamber 13; the temperature sensor 46 installed at the cylinder mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 is used to assist the program control and data processor 25 in monitoring the internal temperature of the gas cylinder and providing information feedback and early warning; the temperature sensor 46 installed on the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1 is used to help monitor the gas temperature inside the input gas flow equalization plate 2, i.e., the inlet temperature.

[0076] Furthermore, the strain acquisition system includes a strain signal acquisition instrument 27 and eight strain acquisition units; the eight strain acquisition units are respectively installed at points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and A8 on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, and are used to acquire the local surface strain displacement at the corresponding positions; each strain acquisition unit includes a first metal foil strain gauge 7-1 and a second metal foil strain gauge 7-2; the first metal foil strain gauge 7-1 and the eight second metal foil strain gauges 7-2 are all attached to the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 and are perpendicular to each other, and are electrically connected to the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 through the strain signal acquisition instrument 27;

[0077] The non-contact strain acquisition system includes an illumination lamp 23 and two high-speed cameras 22; a central plane B is provided on the front side of the outer side of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; speckle pattern is sprayed on the central plane B; the illumination lamp 23 and the two high-speed cameras 22 are all located on the front side of the explosion-proof cabin 13; the illumination lamp 23 is used to illuminate the central plane B of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; the two high-speed cameras 22 are located on both sides of the illumination lamp 23, and are used to acquire images of the central plane B of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; the illumination lamp 23 is electrically connected to the synchronization controller 26; the two high-speed cameras 22 are electrically connected to the synchronization controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 through the strain signal acquisition instrument 27.

[0078] By using the perpendicular installation of the first metal foil strain gauge 7-1 and the second metal foil strain gauge 7-2 at eight acquisition points, the program control and data processor 25 can monitor and acquire the strain displacement of different local surfaces of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 in real time, thereby monitoring the circumferential and axial strain displacement of the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 during the filling and discharging process and making information synchronous control feedback and early warning.

[0079] Based on this, radial displacement formula (1) and axial displacement formula (2) are proposed to analyze the relationship between strain and strain displacement in different directions of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 in the filling and discharging cycle experiment, and to quantify the evolution process of gas cylinder damage failure.

[0080] Radial displacement formula:

[0081]

[0082] Axial displacement formula:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, This is radial expansion displacement. Where N is the circumferential strain, D is the number of cycles, and D is the diameter of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder. This refers to the overall axial elongation. The average axial strain is L, which is the effective length of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, i.e., the cylinder length.

[0085] Using a high-speed camera 22, the program control and data processor 25 monitors the real-time changes in strain displacement parameters on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 during the filling and discharging process under different ambient temperatures. By acquiring image data of the changes in the sprayed speckle in the central plane B region of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 before and after the process, researchers can achieve trackable, unique and high-precision grayscale information change analysis, and convert the physical signals of displacement and deformation on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 into digital signals for real-time storage and display.

[0086] Furthermore, the acoustic emission acquisition system includes an AE signal amplifier 28, an AE signal acquisition unit 29, and eight acoustic emission sensors 8;

[0087] Eight acoustic emission sensors 8 are respectively installed at points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and A8 on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, and are electrically connected to the synchronization controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 through the AE signal amplifier 28 and the AE signal acquisition device 29 in sequence.

[0088] Acoustic emission sensor 8 is used to assist program control and data processor 25 in monitoring acoustic emission signals on different local surfaces of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. This helps to analyze the structural deformation and delamination degree of the bladder structure and composite material in the local area during the expansion and contraction recovery process under stress during the inflation and deflation of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 at different ambient temperatures.

[0089] Furthermore, the charging / discharging temperature / rate control circulation system includes an explosion-proof gas buffer tank 36, an explosion-proof vacuum pump 38, an explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39, an explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40, a charging pipeline, and a discharging pipeline.

[0090] The outlet of the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40 is connected to the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 through a gas filling pipe. An explosion-proof gas filter 41, a fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-4, an explosion-proof booster pump 42, an explosion-proof gas dryer 43, a second flow sensor 35-2, a second flow control valve 34-2, an explosion-proof shut-off valve 33, and an explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31 are connected in series along the gas filling pipe from the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40 to the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. Two temperature sensors 46 are respectively installed on the gas filling pipes on both the inlet and outlet sides of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31.

[0091] The inlet of the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 is connected to the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 through the vent pipe. The vent pipe from the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 to the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 is connected in series with a first flow control valve 34-1, a first flow sensor 35-1 and an explosion-proof pressure reducing valve 32.

[0092] Two stopcocks are connected in series on the venting pipe between the explosion-proof pressure reducing valve 32 and the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, and on the filling pipe between the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31 and the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, respectively.

[0093] The explosion-proof gas buffer tank 36 is connected to the explosion-proof vacuum pump 38 through the first explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-1, the explosion-proof vacuum pump 38 is connected to the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 through the second explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-2, and the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 is connected to the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40 through the third explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-3.

[0094] The first flow control valve 34-1, the second flow control valve 34-2, the first explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-1, the second explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-2, the third explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-3, and the fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-4 are all electrically connected to the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25.

[0095] Both the first flow sensor 35-1 and the second flow sensor 35-2 are electrically connected to the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 through the PID pressure controller 30.

[0096] The high-pressure relief and recovery system includes an explosion-proof spring safety valve 9 and a hydrogen relief pipe;

[0097] One end of the hydrogen venting pipe is connected to the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 via an explosion-proof spring safety valve 9, and the other end is connected to the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39.

[0098] Temperature sensors 46 on both sides of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31 are used to help the program control and data processor 25 monitor the hydrogen temperature before entering the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 and the hydrogen temperature before entering the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31, and provide temperature feedback to achieve regulation of hydrogen temperature.

[0099] By controlling the opening degree of the second flow control valve 34-2, the hydrogen charging rate can be regulated.

[0100] Figure 5 The temperature change relationship between the hydrogen temperature before entering the gas cylinder monitored by the temperature sensor 46 on the outlet side of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31 and the internal temperature of the gas cylinder monitored by the temperature sensor 46 at the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1.

[0101] The combined use of explosion-proof gas filter 41 and explosion-proof gas dryer 43 can purify gas components and reduce the water content of hydrogen.

[0102] Controlling the opening of the first flow control valve 34-1 can regulate the hydrogen release rate and prevent damage caused by excessive pipeline pressure. The first explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-1, the second explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-2, the third explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-3, and the fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-4 can be used to automate the gas delivery between the explosion-proof gas buffer tank 36, the explosion-proof vacuum pump 38, the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39, and the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40.

[0103] When the total pressure of the recovered hydrogen exceeds the design pressure, in order to prevent the pressure of the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 from being too high, the first explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-1 and the second explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-2 can be opened to pump the overpressured hydrogen into the explosion-proof gas buffer tank 36 through the explosion-proof vacuum pump 38, ensuring that the pressure of the venting pipeline is within the safe range. At the same time, the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40 can also obtain the recovered hydrogen from the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 by opening the third explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-3, so as to realize the recycling and buffering of hydrogen.

[0104] When the internal pressure of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 exceeds the limit, the explosion-proof spring safety valve 9 will be automatically triggered to release the hydrogen gas exceeding the threshold in the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 into the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 and preventing an accident caused by excessive internal pressure.

[0105] Furthermore, the pressure monitoring system includes three capacitive pressure sensors 45; the three capacitive pressure sensors 45 are respectively installed between the explosion-proof gas dryer 43 and the second flow control valve 34-2, between the first flow control valve 34-1 and the explosion-proof pressure reducing valve 32, and at the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; the three capacitive pressure sensors 45 are all electrically connected to the PID pressure controller 30, the synchronization controller 26, and the program control and data processor 25.

[0106] The capacitive pressure sensor 45 at the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 helps the program control and data processor 25 monitor the internal pressure value of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 and provide information feedback and warnings. The other two capacitive pressure sensors 45 help the program control and data processor 25 monitor the pressure values ​​of the hydrogen filling pipe and the venting pipe, respectively, and provide information feedback and warnings in real time.

[0107] Furthermore, the audible and visual alarm system includes two audible and visual alarms 44; both audible and visual alarms 44 are electrically connected to the synchronization controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25.

[0108] Based on real-time temperature monitoring, data processing, and information feedback, when any temperature value exceeds the set value, the program control and data processor 25 controls a sound and light alarm 44 to issue a sound and light alarm through the synchronization controller 26; based on real-time pressure monitoring, data processing, and information feedback, when any pressure value exceeds the set value, the program control and data processor 25 controls another sound and light alarm 44 to issue a sound and light alarm through the synchronization controller 26.

[0109] After the experiment, the researchers systematically identified and judged the damage state of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1, and clarified the critical conditions for damage evolution, thereby providing key data support for the construction of the safety protection system of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1. Taking strain data as an example, the starting time and initiation location of gas cylinder damage can be quantitatively analyzed and accurately determined based on the maximum strain theory. The specific expressions are shown in Equations (3), (4), and (5):

[0110] Fiber damage:

[0111]

[0112] Matrix damage:

[0113]

[0114] Interface layer damage:

[0115]

[0116] in, , as well as All are in strain state. , as well as All are the maximum allowable strain that the composite material can withstand in this direction before failure, F f F m and F t Let X and Y represent the damage factors of the fiber, matrix, and interface layer, respectively, and let X and Y represent the fiber strength and matrix strength, respectively. T X C Y T Y C These are fiber tensile strength, matrix tensile strength, fiber compressive strength, and matrix compressive strength, respectively, E 11 E 22 These represent the strain along the fiber direction and the strain perpendicular to the fiber direction, respectively.

[0117] After the damage factors are calculated, the results of various damage factors can be compared, and the damage factor whose value is closest to 1 can be used as the criterion to determine the preferred damage mode of carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1; for example, if the fiber damage factor F f If the calculated value is closest to 1, it indicates that the fiber is the structural component that first shows damage during the test. Based on the above judgment results, the test data can be systematically archived and organized to establish a gas cylinder damage characteristic database, thereby providing data support for the optimized design of gas cylinder safety protection schemes.

[0118] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a test method for a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging mechanical performance testing device under high and low temperature environments, comprising the following steps:

[0119] Step 1: Instrument Inspection: Check and confirm that the connections of each system are intact; check and confirm that the components in each system are working properly; check and ensure that the synchronous controller 26 and the program control and data processor 25 can effectively and accurately perform program control and data acquisition.

[0120] Step 2: Adjust the system: Adjust each system to the experimental state and debug each system to ensure that each system can work stably and reliably; adjust the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder 1 to the required position for the experiment through each scale slide rail 3 and the movable horizontal support 4.

[0121] The positions of the high-speed camera 22 and the lighting lamp 23 are fixed, and the shooting angle is adjusted to ensure the required image is presented in full; the optimal shooting clarity is obtained by adjusting the focal length of the high-speed camera 22 and the position of the light source generated by the lighting lamp 23; the synchronization controller 26 is adjusted to enable the various systems to perform operations synchronously.

[0122] Step 3: Set experimental parameters: Set the corresponding start and stop control program in the program control and data processor 25, and determine the data acquisition frequency of the temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system, the charging and discharging rate / temperature of the charging and discharging temperature / rate regulation cycle system, and the ambient temperature of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system.

[0123] Step 4: Conduct the experiment: The ambient temperature control system and the charge / discharge temperature / speed control cycle system are controlled in coordination by the program control and data processor 25 and the synchronous controller 26. The temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system are controlled to acquire and record data.

[0124] Temperature control during the experiment:

[0125] Ⅰ. When simulating a high-temperature environment, open the stopcock valves at the air inlet and outlet of the tubular air electric heater 17, and ensure that the stopcock valves at the air inlet and outlet of the coil air cooler 18 are in the closed state.

[0126] The gas drawn in by the variable frequency centrifugal fan 19 is heated by the tubular air electric heater 17 and then enters the heat-insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1, and then is evenly diffused into the test chamber by the gas flow equalization plate 2.

[0127] While delivering heating gas, temperature sensor 46 monitors and provides feedback on the intake gas temperature in real time, and platinum resistance temperature sensor 10 monitors and provides feedback on the ambient temperature in real time.

[0128] When the set temperature value is reached, the PID temperature controller 24 and the program control and data processor 25 control the solid-state relay 16 to shut down the tubular air electric heater 17 to stop heating based on the feedback of the intake air temperature and ambient temperature.

[0129] II. When simulating a low-temperature environment, open the stopcock valves at the inlet and outlet of the coil-type air cooler 18, ensure that the stopcock valves at the inlet and outlet of the tubular air electric heater 17 are closed, and open the stopcock valve on the refrigerant delivery pipe 47-2.

[0130] The gas drawn in by the variable frequency centrifugal fan 19 is cooled by the coil air cooler 18 and then enters the insulated gas delivery pipe 47-1, and then is evenly diffused into the test chamber by the gas flow equalization plate 2.

[0131] While delivering cooling gas, temperature sensor 46 monitors and provides feedback on the intake air temperature in real time, and platinum resistance temperature sensor 10 monitors and provides feedback on the ambient temperature in real time. When the set temperature value is reached, PID temperature controller 24 and program control and data processor 25 control AC contactor 21 to shut off coil air cooler 18 to stop cooling based on the feedback intake air temperature and ambient temperature.

[0132] Control of charging and discharging temperature and rate in the experiment:

[0133] III. During filling, the hydrogen in the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank 40 is first purified by the explosion-proof gas filter 41 to remove impurities, then pressurized by the explosion-proof booster pump 42, and then the hydrogen is purified by the explosion-proof gas dryer 43 to remove moisture.

[0134] The program control and data processor 25 and the synchronization controller 26 adjust the opening of the second flow control valve 34-2 according to the real-time monitoring and information feedback of the capacitive pressure sensor 45 and the second flow sensor 35, thereby controlling the inflation rate.

[0135] IV. During venting, the program control and data processor 25 and the synchronization controller 26 adjust the opening of the first flow control valve 34-1 based on the real-time monitoring and information feedback of the capacitive pressure sensor 45 and the first flow sensor 35-1 to control the venting rate.

[0136] At the same time, the first explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-1 and the second explosion-proof solenoid valve 37-2 are opened, the explosion-proof gas buffer tank 36 and the explosion-proof vacuum pump 38 are turned on, and the excess hydrogen in the explosion-proof gas recovery tank 39 is transferred to ensure that the pressure of the gas filling pipe and the gas venting pipe will not be too high and cause damage.

[0137] V. When adjusting the hydrogen temperature in the gas filling path, the program control and data processor 25 and the synchronous controller 26 adjust the temperature of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31 based on the real-time monitoring and information feedback from the temperature sensors 46 on both sides of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger 31.

[0138] Step 5: Shut down the device: After the experiment is completed, shut down all system components; open the stopcock valve on the ventilation duct 15, and the visual explosion-proof insulation test system exhausts through the ventilation duct 15.

[0139] Step Six: Check and maintain equipment: Check the components of each system for damage and perform maintenance.

[0140] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder under high and low temperature environments, characterized in that: It includes a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1), a visual explosion-proof insulation test system, an ambient temperature control system, a charging and discharging temperature / rate control circulation system, a high-pressure discharge and recovery system, a temperature monitoring system, a strain acquisition system, a non-contact strain acquisition system, an acoustic emission acquisition system, a pressure monitoring system, an audible and visual alarm system, and a program control and data processing system; the program control and data processing system includes a program control and data processor (25), a synchronous controller (26), a PID temperature controller (24), and a PID pressure controller (30); The carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) is horizontally installed in the visual explosion-proof insulation test system, and the position of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) is adjusted by the visual explosion-proof insulation test system; the ambient temperature control system is used to adjust the ambient temperature of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system; the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system is used to charge and discharge the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the high-pressure relief and recovery system is used to release high pressure from the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the audible and visual alarm system is used to issue audible and visual alarms; the temperature monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature inside the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1), the surface temperature of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1), the ambient temperature inside the visual explosion-proof insulation test system, the inlet temperature of the gas supplied by the ambient temperature control system to the ambient temperature control system, and the charging temperature of the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system; strain The acquisition system is used to monitor the strain displacement of the local surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the non-contact strain acquisition system is used to monitor the strain image of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the acoustic emission acquisition system is used to monitor the acoustic emission signal of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the pressure of the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system and the high pressure relief and recovery system; the program control and data processor (25) and the synchronous controller (26) control the operation of the ambient temperature control system, the strain acquisition system, the acoustic emission acquisition system, the non-contact strain acquisition system, the charging and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system, the high pressure relief and recovery system and the audible and visual alarm system, and are electrically connected to the temperature monitoring system through the PID temperature controller (24) and the pressure monitoring system through the PID pressure controller (30).

2. The device for testing the mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders under high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual explosion-proof insulation test system includes two scale slide rails (3), an explosion-proof chamber (13), a visual explosion-proof window (14), and a ventilation duct (15); a viewing window is provided on the front side of the explosion-proof chamber (13); the visual explosion-proof window (14) is sealed and embedded in the viewing window; the two scale slide rails (3) are installed in parallel on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof chamber (13); two movable horizontal supports (4) supporting the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) are slidably and adjustablely installed on each scale slide rail (3); the ventilation duct (15) is sealed and connected to the explosion-proof chamber (13).

3. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ambient temperature control system includes a gas equalization plate (2), a solid-state relay (16), a tubular air heater (17), a coiled air cooler (18), a variable frequency centrifugal fan (19), a cryogenic refrigerator (20), an AC contactor (21), and an insulated gas delivery pipe (47-1); the gas equalization plate (2) is installed on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (13); an equipment installation compartment is set on the left side of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the solid-state relay (16), the tubular air heater (17), and the coiled air cooler (18) are all located in the equipment installation compartment; the tubular air heater (19) is installed on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the equipment installation compartment is located ... inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (14); the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (15); the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (16), the solid-state relay (16), the tubular air heater (17), and the coiled air cooler (18) are all located in the equipment installation compartment; the equipment installation compartment is located on the left inner wall of the explosion-proof cabin (16), the solid-state relay (16), the tubular air heater (17), the coiled air cooler (18), the solid-state relay (16), the tubular air heater (17), the coiled 7) The air inlet of the coil air cooler (18) is installed in parallel between the variable frequency centrifugal fan (19) and the insulated gas delivery pipe (47-1); the insulated gas delivery pipe (47-1) is connected to the gas equalization plate (2); the tubular air electric heater (17) is electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the solid-state relay (16); the cryogenic refrigerator (20) is used to circulate refrigerant to the coil air cooler (18) and is electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the AC contactor (21).

4. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring system includes multiple temperature sensors (46), multiple patch thermocouples (6), and multiple platinum resistance temperature sensors (10); each temperature sensor (46) is used to detect the ambient temperature in the ambient temperature control system, the temperature at the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1), and the filling temperature of the filling and discharging temperature / speed control circulation system; each patch thermocouple (6) is attached to the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); each platinum resistance temperature sensor (10) is installed in the explosion-proof cabin (13); each temperature sensor (46), each patch thermocouple (6), and each platinum resistance temperature sensor (10) are electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the PID temperature controller (24).

5. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain acquisition system includes a strain signal acquisition instrument (27) and multiple strain acquisition units; each strain acquisition unit is installed on the surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) to acquire the strain displacement of the local surface of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1), and is electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the strain signal acquisition instrument (27). The non-contact strain acquisition system includes a lighting lamp (23) and two high-speed cameras (22); the lighting lamp (23) and the two high-speed cameras (22) are both located on the front side of the explosion-proof cabin (13); the lighting lamp (23) is used to illuminate the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the two high-speed cameras (22) are used to acquire images of the strain of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); The lighting lamp (23) is electrically connected to the synchronization controller (26); two high-speed cameras (22) are electrically connected to the synchronization controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) via the strain signal acquisition instrument (27).

6. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic emission acquisition system includes an AE signal amplifier (28), an AE signal collector (29), and multiple acoustic emission sensors (8); each acoustic emission sensor (8) is mounted on the surface of a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) for acquiring acoustic emission signals, and is electrically connected to a synchronization controller (26) and a program control and data processor (25) in sequence through the AE signal amplifier (28) and the AE signal collector (29).

7. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging temperature / rate control circulation system includes an explosion-proof gas buffer tank (36), an explosion-proof vacuum pump (38), an explosion-proof gas recovery tank (39), and an explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank (40). An explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank (40) is connected in series via a gas filling pipe to an explosion-proof gas filter (41), a fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-4), an explosion-proof booster pump (42), an explosion-proof gas dryer (43), a second flow sensor (35-2), a second flow control valve (34-2), an explosion-proof shut-off valve (33), an explosion-proof gas heat exchanger (31), and a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1); the temperature on both sides of the explosion-proof gas heat exchanger (31) is monitored by a temperature monitoring system. The gas inlet of the explosion-proof gas recovery tank (39) is connected in series with a first flow control valve (34-1), a first flow sensor (35-1), an explosion-proof pressure reducing valve (32), and a carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) through a gas venting pipe. The explosion-proof gas buffer tank (36) is connected in series with the explosion-proof vacuum pump (38), the explosion-proof vacuum pump (38) is connected with the explosion-proof gas recovery tank (39), and the explosion-proof gas recovery tank (39) is connected with the explosion-proof hydrogen storage tank (40) in sequence through the first explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-1), the second explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-2), and the third explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-3); The first flow control valve (34-1), the second flow control valve (34-2), the first explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-1), the second explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-2), the third explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-3), and the fourth explosion-proof solenoid valve (37-4) are all electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25); the first flow sensor (35-1) and the second flow sensor (35-2) are all electrically connected to the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the PID pressure controller (30); The high-pressure relief and recovery system includes an explosion-proof spring safety valve (9) and a hydrogen relief pipe; one end of the hydrogen relief pipe is connected to the mouth of the carbon fiber wound gas cylinder (1) through the explosion-proof spring safety valve (9), and the other end is connected to the explosion-proof gas recovery tank (39).

8. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinders in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring system includes three capacitive pressure sensors (45); the three capacitive pressure sensors (45) are used to monitor the pressure of the high pressure relief and recovery system, the charging side and the venting side of the charging and discharging temperature / speed control cycle system, respectively, and are electrically connected to the PID pressure controller (30), the synchronization controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) through the synchronization controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25).

9. The device for testing the filling and discharging mechanical properties of a carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder in high and low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audible and visual alarm system includes two audible and visual alarms (44); both audible and visual alarms (44) are electrically connected to a synchronization controller (26) and a program control and data processor (25).

10. The test method for the high and low temperature environment carbon fiber wound hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging mechanical performance testing device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Instrument check: Check to ensure that the connections of each system are intact; check to ensure that the components in each system are working properly; check to ensure that the synchronous controller (26) and the program control and data processor (25) can effectively and accurately control the program and acquire data; Step 2: System Adjustment: Adjust each system to the experimental state and debug each system to ensure that each system can work stably and reliably; Step 3: Set experimental parameters: Set the corresponding start and stop control program in the program control and data processor (25), and determine the data acquisition frequency of the temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system, the charging and discharging rate / temperature of the charging and discharging temperature / rate regulation cycle system, the ambient temperature of the visual explosion-proof insulation test system and other parameters. Step 4: Conduct the experiment: The ambient temperature control system and the charge / discharge temperature / speed control cycle system are controlled in coordination by the program control and data processor (25) and the synchronous controller (26), and the temperature monitoring system, strain acquisition system, non-contact strain acquisition system, acoustic emission acquisition system and pressure monitoring system are controlled to acquire and record data; Step 5: Shut down the device: After the experiment is completed, shut down all system components and purge the gas from the visual explosion-proof insulation test system; Step Six: Check and maintain equipment: Check the components of each system for damage and perform maintenance.

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