Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module preparation method, the photovoltaic module comprises a battery string and a confluence piece, the battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces and a plurality of interconnecting pieces, and in the battery string, the plurality of battery pieces are arranged along a first direction; the interconnecting piece and the confluence piece are welded to form a first welding area, and the interconnecting piece and the battery piece are welded to form a second welding area; the first surface of the first welding area is provided with a first texture structure, the second surface of the second welding area is provided with a second texture structure, the first texture structure is different from the second texture structure, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is larger than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface. In the embodiment of the invention, the reliability of the component can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic modules, solder ribbons are welded to the cells to form a cell string, and busbars are welded to the cell string via solder ribbons to form a photovoltaic module, which collects and outputs current to the outside.

[0003] Problems can easily occur at the connection between the busbar and the solder strip, such as poor soldering or poor connection due to tension. In addition, the connection between the busbar and the solder strip is prone to overheating due to the large current. All of these can reduce the reliability of the entire component. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, aiming to solve problems that easily occur in the connection between the busbar and the solder strip, such as poor soldering or poor connection due to tensile stress; and problems such as overheating at the connection between the busbar and the solder strip due to large current.

[0005] This invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a battery string and a busbar connected to the battery string. The battery string includes multiple battery cells and multiple interconnects. In the battery string, the multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction. The interconnect component is welded to the busbar to form a first welding area, and the interconnect component is welded to the battery cell to form a second welding area; The first surface of the first welding area has a first texture structure, and the second surface of the second welding area has a second texture structure. The first texture structure is different from the second texture structure, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface.

[0006] In this embodiment of the invention, when the first welding area contacts the adhesive film, the first textured structure increases the contact area between the end interconnect and the molten adhesive film during lamination, forming an interlocking structure between the end interconnect and the adhesive film. This improves the peel strength between the end interconnect and the adhesive film, thereby increasing the connection stability between the end interconnect and the busbar, and ultimately enhancing the reliability of the component. Furthermore, the first textured structure increases the surface area of ​​the end interconnect, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the first welding area and the adhesive film.

[0007] The second textured structure increases the contact area between the interconnect and the molten adhesive film during lamination, creating an interlocking structure that improves the peel strength between them. This, in turn, enhances the connection stability between the interconnect and the solar cell, thereby improving module reliability. Furthermore, the second textured structure increases the surface area of ​​the interconnect, improving the heat transfer efficiency between the second welding area and the adhesive film. Additionally, the weld area has a more pronounced textured structure, allowing for identification of the weld area using AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) technology, thus assessing weld quality.

[0008] Furthermore, the welding pressure and time are relatively high during the welding process between the end interconnects and the busbars, resulting in a tighter fit between them. Simultaneously, the molten solder achieves sufficient wetting and spreading at the interface, thereby increasing the contact surface area between the end interconnects and the busbars after welding. This enhances the tensile strength between them and reduces contact resistance, thus improving current transmission efficiency and helping the busbars collect current from the battery string. Additionally, the welding pressure and temperature are relatively low when welding the interconnects to the battery cells, reducing the risk of microcracks in the battery cells.

[0009] Optionally, the first surface is the surface of the interconnect that is away from the busbar, and the second surface is the surface of the interconnect that is away from the battery cell.

[0010] Optionally, the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is ≤9μm, and / or the roughness Ra2 of the second surface is ≤4μm.

[0011] Optionally, the plurality of interconnects include end interconnects electrically connected to the busbar, wherein along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area is greater than or equal to the overlap length S1 between the end interconnect and the busbar; And / or, the length L1 of the first welding area is between 4mm and 18mm.

[0012] Optionally, the battery cell includes a row of connecting portions for electrical connection with the interconnect, wherein along the first direction, the length L2 of the second welding area is greater than or equal to the length S2 of the row of connecting portions; And / or, S3-20≤L2≤S3-5mm, where S3 is the dimension of the battery cell along the first direction; And / or, 71mm≤L2≤110mm.

[0013] Optionally, along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area is greater than or equal to the width W4 of the busbar, and L1-W4≤10mm.

[0014] Optionally, the first texture structure includes a plurality of first protrusions, and the second texture structure includes a plurality of second protrusions, wherein the maximum height of the first protrusions is less than or equal to 100 μm, and the maximum height of the second protrusions is less than or equal to 40 μm.

[0015] Optionally, along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of the plurality of first protrusions to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first welding region is greater than or equal to 50%. And / or, along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of a plurality of the second protrusions to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second welding region is less than 50%.

[0016] Optionally, in the battery string, the plurality of interconnecting members further include intra-string interconnecting members connecting two adjacent battery cells, the intra-string interconnecting members having a first non-welded area; Along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the orthographic projection of the first non-welded area overlaps with the orthographic projections of two adjacent battery cells and is located between two adjacent second welded areas; The third surface of the first non-welded area has a third texture structure, which is different from the first texture structure and different from the second texture structure, and / or the roughness Ra3 of the third surface is less than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface, and / or the roughness Ra3 of the third surface is ≤2μm.

[0017] Optionally, the length L3 of the first non-welded area is between 1mm and 20mm; And / or, in one of the battery strings, the total length of the plurality of first welded regions is less than the total length of the plurality of first non-welded regions, and the total length of the plurality of first non-welded regions is less than the total length of the plurality of second welded regions.

[0018] Optionally, the difference between any two of the widths W1 of the first welding area, W2 of the second welding area, and W3 of the first non-welding area is less than or equal to 60 μm.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules, comprising: Arrange the battery cells; A connection structure is provided, wherein the connection structure includes an intra-serial interconnect, an end interconnect, and a busbar; The battery cells, the in-string interconnects, and the end interconnects are welded together. In the prepared photovoltaic module, the interconnect component is welded to the busbar to form a first welding area, and the interconnect component is welded to the solar cell to form a second welding area. The first surface of the first welding area has a first texture structure, and the second surface of the second welding area has a second texture structure. The first texture structure and the second texture structure are different, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface. Optionally, the placement connection structure includes: placing intra-string interconnects, and then placing a bus assembly, wherein the bus assembly includes end interconnects and a bus assembly welded together; Alternatively, the placement connection structure includes: placing intra-string interconnects, end interconnects, and busbars; after placing the intra-string interconnects, end interconnects, and busbars, and before welding the battery cells and the intra-string interconnects and end interconnects, the structure further includes: welding the busbars and the end interconnects.

[0020] Optionally, when the busbar assembly is positioned, the busbar faces the battery cell, or the end interconnect faces the battery cell.

[0021] Optionally, before arranging the battery cells, the method further includes: The front glass and the first adhesive film are pre-fixed to form a pre-fixed component; The arrangement of the battery cells includes: The battery cells are arranged on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixed member, wherein the front side of the battery cells is in contact with the first adhesive film; After the placement and connection structure is established, and before welding the battery cells, the intra-string interconnects, and the end interconnects, the process includes: A flexible membrane is laid on the connecting structure and the battery cell; wherein the flexible membrane covers the connecting structure and the battery cell; A vacuum is drawn to create a negative pressure between the flexible membrane and the pre-fixed member, causing the flexible membrane to press against the end interconnect and the intra-string interconnect.

[0022] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1A further detailed schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A further detailed schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between two adjacent cells in a photovoltaic module's cell string provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the connection between the second welding area and the solar cell in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial schematic diagram of the first welding area of ​​the end interconnect component in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the second welding area of ​​the interconnect component in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the first non-welded area of ​​the interconnect component in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of an edge busbar in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of an edge busbar in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic flowchart of a photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 A schematic flowchart of another photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another pre-fixing component provided in the manufacturing process of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement and local heating of solar cells during another photovoltaic module manufacturing process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 A schematic diagram of adhesive dispensing during another photovoltaic module manufacturing process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19A schematic diagram of the interconnecting components within a string during the fabrication process of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a pendulum insulation component during the fabrication of another photovoltaic module, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 A schematic diagram of a swivel busbar assembly during another photovoltaic module manufacturing process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 22 A schematic diagram illustrating laser welding of solar cells and interconnects during another photovoltaic module manufacturing process provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: 10-Battery cell, 11-Connecting part row, 111-Edge connecting part, 112-Middle connecting part, 113-First edge connecting part, 114-Second edge connecting part, P1-First battery cell, P2-Second battery cell; 20-Interconnector, 21-End interconnector, 211-First end interconnector, 212-Second end interconnector, 22-Inter-serial interconnector, 23-Base, 24-Second solder layer, 25-First textured structure, 251-First protrusion, 26-Second textured structure, 261-Second protrusion, R1-First solder area, R2-Second solder area, R3-First non-solder area; 30-Bus unit, 31-Edge bus unit, 32-Intermediate bus unit, 40-First insulating component, 50-Second insulating component, 60-Pre-fixing component; 70-Flexible film, 80-Carrier device, 81-First vacuum adsorption hole, 82-Second vacuum adsorption hole, 90-Laser welding device, 100-Arrangement device, 110-Melting device, 120-Dispensing device, 130-Swimming belt device, 140-Adhesive point. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0026] This invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a laminate, which comprises a front glass, a front encapsulating film, a battery module, a back encapsulating film, and a back glass or backsheet arranged sequentially. The encapsulating film can be made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polyolefin elastomer), etc. The front glass and back glass can be tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, or patterned glass.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 11 The battery module includes a battery string and a busbar 30 connected to the battery string. The battery string includes multiple battery cells 10 and multiple interconnects 20. In the battery string, the multiple battery cells 10 are arranged along a first direction. The interconnects 20 are welded to the busbar 30 to form a first welding area R1, and the interconnects 20 are welded to the battery cells 10 to form a second welding area R2. The first welding area R1 and the second welding area R2 are areas on the interconnects 20. The first surface of the first welding area R1 has a first texture structure 25, and the second surface of the second welding area R2 has a second texture structure 26. The first texture structure 25 and the second texture structure 26 are different. The roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface.

[0028] The first direction is the X direction in the figure, and the second direction is the Y direction in the figure. The busbar 30 extends along the second direction. The solar cell 10 can be a back-contact solar cell, with positive and negative electrodes on its back side. The solar cell 10 can be a full-size solar cell, a half-size solar cell, a three-part solar cell, a four-part solar cell, etc. The solar cell 10 can be a solar cell with a main grid or a solar cell without a main grid. The interconnecting element 20 is a solder ribbon, such as a flat solder ribbon, a round wire solder ribbon, a solder ribbon with an elliptical or other polygonal cross-section, an alloy solder ribbon, etc.

[0029] In the battery string, multiple interconnects 20 include end interconnects 21 electrically connected to the busbar 30 and intra-string interconnects 22 connecting two adjacent battery cells 10. The end interconnect 21 has a first welding area R1, and both the end interconnect 21 and the intra-string interconnect 22 have a second welding area R2. The first welding area R1 of the end interconnect 21 is electrically connected to the busbar 30, and the second welding area R2 of the interconnect 20 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10. The position of the first welding area R1 corresponds to the position of the busbar 30, and the first welding area R1 is also the area where the end interconnect 21 is heated when it is welded to the busbar 30. The second welding area R2 is the area where the interconnect 20 is heated when it is welded to the battery cell 10.

[0030] like Figure 7Along the second direction, the solar cell 10 includes a plurality of spaced-apart connection columns 11 for welding to the interconnect 20. The position of the second welding area R2 corresponds to the position of the connection column 11. When the solar cell 10 is a gridless solar cell, a connection column 11 includes two edge connection portions 111 and a plurality of intermediate connection portions 112. The edge connection portions 111 can be pads, and the intermediate connection portions 112 can be pads or portions on the grid of the solar cell 10 used for electrical connection with the interconnect 20.

[0031] like Figure 8 The interconnect component 20 includes a welding layer and a substrate 23. The welding layer is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the substrate 23, and the substrate can be made of copper. The first surface is the surface of the first welding area R1 away from the busbar 30, and the second surface is the surface of the second welding area R2 away from the battery cell 10. The first welding area R1 includes a first welding layer, and the second welding area R2 includes a second welding layer 24. Specifically, the first surface is the surface of the first welding layer away from the busbar 30, and the second surface is the surface of the second welding layer 24 away from the battery cell 10.

[0032] The welding layer is made of tin, comprising at least 50% by weight; for example, the welding layer is made of a tin alloy. When the battery cell 10 is a back-contact battery cell, the second surface of the second welding area R2 is the back side. The first surface of the first welding area R1 can be either the back side or the front side. The first surface of the first welding area R1 can be in full contact with the adhesive film or can be in partial contact with the adhesive film.

[0033] The welding processes for the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30, and the welding processes for the interconnect 20 and the battery cell 10, are different. For example, at least one of the welding method, welding temperature, welding pressure, and welding time may differ. Welding methods include laser welding, electromagnetic welding, lamination welding, and infrared welding. Electromagnetic welding is preferred for the welding of the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30. Laser welding is preferred for the welding of the interconnect 20 and the battery cell 10, in which case the second welding area R2 is the area irradiated by the laser during welding.

[0034] The first texture structure 25 and the second texture structure 26 may include several regularly or irregularly distributed protrusions, and may also include several regularly or irregularly distributed concave parts. The first texture structure 25 and the second texture structure 26 may be characterized by a surface roughness in the corresponding area that is significantly higher than the surface roughness in other areas of the interconnect 20, forming a uniformly distributed concave-convex morphology without a specific regular pattern.

[0035] Roughness Ra1 and Ra2 refer to the arithmetic mean roughness, which can be directly measured by measuring equipment. If direct measurement is not possible, the arithmetic mean roughness is represented by the average degree of unevenness. Values ​​are taken within a certain range on the surfaces of the first welding area R1 and the second welding area R2, and the degree of unevenness is observed under a microscope to calculate the average value.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, when the first welding area R1 contacts the adhesive film, the first textured structure 25 increases the contact area between the end interconnect 21 and the molten adhesive film during lamination, forming an interlocking structure between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film. This improves the peel strength between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film, thereby increasing the connection stability between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30, and ultimately enhancing the reliability of the component. Furthermore, the first textured structure 25 increases the surface area of ​​the end interconnect 21, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the first welding area R1 and the adhesive film.

[0037] The second textured structure 26 increases the contact area between the interconnect 20 and the molten adhesive film during lamination, creating an interlocking structure between them. This improves the peel strength between the interconnect 20 and the adhesive film, thereby increasing the connection stability between the interconnect 20 and the solar cell 10 and ultimately enhancing the reliability of the module. Furthermore, the second textured structure 26 increases the surface area of ​​the interconnect 20, improving the heat transfer efficiency between the second welding area R2 and the adhesive film. Additionally, the weld area has a more pronounced textured structure, allowing for identification of the weld area using AOI technology, thus assessing the weld quality.

[0038] Furthermore, during the welding process between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30, the welding pressure is relatively high and the welding time is relatively long, resulting in a tighter fit between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30. Simultaneously, the molten solder achieves sufficient wetting and spreading at the bonding interface, thereby increasing the contact surface area between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 after welding. This enhances the tensile strength between them and reduces contact resistance, thus improving current transmission efficiency and helping the busbar 30 collect the current from the battery string. Additionally, when welding the interconnect 20 to the battery cell 10, the welding pressure and welding temperature are relatively low, reducing the risk of microcracks in the battery cell 10.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 12The end interconnect 21 is located on the side of the busbar 30 opposite to the front side of the battery cell 10. The front side of the battery cell 10 is also the light-facing side of the battery cell 10. In this embodiment, the first texture structure 25 on the first welding area R1 of the end interconnect 21 can all form an interlocking structure with the back adhesive film. In addition, the welding parts of the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 can be directly seen on the back side of the assembly, which facilitates the inspection of the welding effect and makes it easy to identify welding defects.

[0040] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 13 The end interconnect 21 is located between the busbar 30 and the battery cell 10. When the busbar 30 is located on the back side of the first welding area R1 of the interconnect 20, its surface is relatively smooth and has good reflectivity. In addition, it can reduce the height difference between the end interconnect 21 and the battery cell 10, reduce the tension caused by the height difference, and help improve welding reliability.

[0041] The busbar 30 includes an edge busbar 31 near the edge of the photovoltaic module, and the end interconnect 21 includes a first end interconnect 211 electrically connected to the edge busbar 31. Figure 13 In the process, there is an adhesive film filling the space between the bent portion of the first end interconnect 211 and the back side of the first battery cell P1. The portion of the first welding area R1 of the first end interconnect 211 that extends beyond the busbar 30 contacts the adhesive film, so that the portion of the first welding area R1 and the adhesive film form an interlocking structure.

[0042] In some embodiments, the busbar 30 includes an intermediate busbar 32 located in the middle of the photovoltaic module, and the end interconnect 21 includes a second end interconnect 212 electrically connected to the intermediate busbar 32. A second insulating member 50 is correspondingly provided at the intermediate busbar 32. The second insulating member 50 can achieve insulation between the intermediate busbar 32 and the grid lines on the cell 10, prevent the intermediate busbar 31 from contacting two grid lines of opposite polarity at the same time, and prevent the intermediate busbar 31 from contacting the interconnect of opposite polarity.

[0043] In some embodiments, the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is ≤9 μm. The roughness Ra1 of the first surface can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, etc.

[0044] The roughness Ra2 of the second surface is ≤ 4 μm. The roughness Ra2 of the second surface can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, etc. In this embodiment, excessive roughness of the first and second surfaces can be avoided, which would result in visually observable traces, thus preventing the appearance quality from being affected.

[0045] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5The first end interconnect 211 is connected to the edge bus 31. Figure 6 The second end interconnect 212 is connected to the middle busbar 32. Along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area R1 is greater than or equal to the overlap length S1 of the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30. The length L1 of the first welding area is between 4mm and 18mm.

[0046] The overlap length S1 between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 is also the length by which the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 overlap. The length L1 of the first welding area is preferably between 5mm and 13mm. The length L1 of the first welding area can be 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 15mm, 18mm, etc. In this embodiment, a certain welding length can be ensured between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30, thereby ensuring the welding reliability of both.

[0047] Reference Figure 7 Along the first direction, the length L2 of the second welding area R2 is greater than or equal to the length S2 of the connecting portion column 11. Preferably, the length L2 of the second welding area R2 is greater than the length S2 of the connecting portion column 11, that is, along the first direction, both ends of the second welding area R2 extend beyond the edge connecting portion 111. In this embodiment, it can be ensured that the second welding area R2 is welded to all the connecting portions.

[0048] S3-20≤L2≤S3-5mm, where S3 is the dimension of the battery cell 10 along the first direction.

[0049] When cell 10 is a half-cell, S3 can be 91mm-115mm, and correspondingly, 71mm≤L2≤110mm. S3 can be 91mm, 96mm, 105mm, 115mm, etc., and correspondingly, L2 can be 71mm, 76mm, 85mm, 86mm, 91mm, 95mm, 100mm, 110mm, etc.

[0050] When the solar cell 10 is divided into four sections, S3 can be 45.5mm-57.5mm, corresponding to 25.5mm≤L2≤52.5mm. S3 can be 45.5mm, 48mm, 52.5mm, 57.5mm, etc., and the corresponding L2 can be 25.5mm, 28mm, 32.5mm, 37.5mm, 40.5mm, 43mm, 47.5mm, 52.5mm, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 Along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area R1 is greater than or equal to the width W4 of the busbar 30, and L1-W4≤10mm.

[0052] The length L1 of the first welding area R1 is the heated area when the end interconnect 21 is welded to the busbar 30. L1-W4 is preferably greater than or equal to 1 mm. The busbar 30 also includes an intermediate busbar 30, and the end interconnect 21 includes a second end interconnect 212 electrically connected to the intermediate busbar 32. For the second end interconnect 212, 1 mm ≤ L1-W4 ≤ 6 mm, and for the first end interconnect 211, 5 mm ≤ L1-W4 ≤ 8 mm.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the length L1 of the first welding area R1 is within the above range, on the one hand, the welding length between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 can be guaranteed, and on the other hand, the peel strength between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film can be further improved by the first welding area R1 with a certain length, thereby increasing the connection stability between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30.

[0054] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 8 to 10 The first texture structure 25 includes several first protrusions 251, and the second texture structure 26 includes several second protrusions 261. The maximum height of the first protrusions 251 is less than or equal to 100 μm, and the maximum height of the second protrusions 261 is less than or equal to 40 μm. The first welding area R1, where the end interconnect 21 connects to the busbar 30, is the main current transmission area. The relatively large height of the protrusions here increases the surface area of ​​the first welding area R1, avoiding problems such as increased interface resistance and localized temperature rise caused by an excessively thin tin alloy layer in the main current transmission area.

[0055] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 Along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of a plurality of first protrusions 251 to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first welding region R1 is greater than or equal to 50%; along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of a plurality of second protrusions 261 to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second welding region R2 is less than 50%.

[0056] In the first welding area R1, the protrusion of the first protrusion 251 is very obvious, and it is piled up over a large area with an irregular shape. In the second welding area R2, the degree of protrusion of the second protrusion 261 is less than that of the first protrusion 251, and the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of several second protrusions 261 is less than the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of several first protrusions 251.

[0057] In this embodiment, in the first welding region R1, the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the plurality of first protrusions 251 is greater than the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the plurality of second protrusions 261. This further enhances the peel strength between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film, thereby increasing the connection stability between the end interconnect 21 and the bus 30. Furthermore, in the second welding region R2, the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the plurality of second protrusions 261 is less than the proportion of the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the plurality of first protrusions 251. Current tends to be transmitted more within the copper substrate, effectively eliminating the current shunting effect of the tin alloy layer, reducing the resistance of the current transmission path, and improving current transmission efficiency. In addition, the second welding region R2 has a certain reflectivity, which can reduce the heat absorption rate and lower the surface temperature of the interconnect 20.

[0058] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 The interconnecting element 22 has a first non-welded region R3. In the interconnecting element 22, along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10, the orthographic projection of the first non-welded region R3 overlaps with the orthographic projection of two adjacent battery cells 10 and is located between two adjacent second welded regions R2. The first non-welded region R3 has a third surface facing away from the battery cell 10. The third surface has a third texture structure, which is different from the first texture structure and also different from the second texture structure. The roughness Ra3 of the third surface is less than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface, and the roughness Ra3 of the third surface is ≤2μm.

[0059] The non-welded area refers to the area in the interconnect 20 that is not heated, i.e., not irradiated by the laser beam. The first non-welded area R3 has a third welding layer, and the surface of the third welding layer facing away from the battery cell 10 is the third surface. Before welding, the surface of the first non-welded area R3 already has a third texture structure. Since the first non-welded area R3 is not irradiated by the laser beam during the welding process, the third texture structure remains basically unchanged after welding.

[0060] Before and after welding, the surface of the first non-welded area R3 is a continuous tin alloy layer. Compared with the surfaces of the first welded area R1 and the second welded area R2, the surface of the first non-welded area R3 is relatively smooth and flat, with better reflectivity, which can improve the utilization rate of light, thereby increasing the power generation of the module. It can also reduce the heat absorption rate and lower the overall operating temperature of the module, so that the module has better power generation capacity in high-temperature environments.

[0061] In one embodiment, the battery cell 10 is a gridless battery cell. When the battery cell 10 is a gridless battery cell, in the end interconnect 21, along the first direction, there is no gap or no gap between the first welding area R1 and the second welding area R2. For example, refer to... Figure 4In the first end interconnect 211, there is a gap between the first welding area R1 and the second welding area R2.

[0062] In another embodiment, the battery cell 10 is a battery cell with a main grid. In this case, on a single battery cell 10, two adjacent second welding areas R2 are spaced apart, and the area between two adjacent second welding areas R2 is a second non-welded area. Along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10, the orthographic projection of the second non-welded area overlaps only with the orthographic projection of one battery cell 10. Both the end interconnect 21 and the in-string interconnect 22 have a second non-welded area.

[0063] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the length L3 of the first non-welded area R3 is 1mm-20mm, preferably 8mm-14mm.

[0064] In a battery string, the total length of multiple first welded areas R1 is less than the total length of multiple first non-welded areas R3, and the total length of multiple first non-welded areas R3 is less than the total length of multiple second welded areas R2. In a battery string, the total length of multiple second welded areas R2 is the largest. At the second welded area R2, through the second texture structure 26, it can form an interlocking structure with the adhesive film and also has a certain reflective ability, thus achieving both.

[0065] In some embodiments, the difference between any two of the widths W1 of the first welding region R1, W2 of the second welding region R2, and W3 of the first non-welding region R3 is less than or equal to 60 μm. The difference between any two of W1, W2, and W3 can be less than or equal to 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, etc. In this embodiment, the width difference of the interconnect 20 is extremely small, resulting in good electrical performance consistency and flatness of the interconnect 20.

[0066] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The busbar 30 is hidden. In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bus 30 setting is not hidden.

[0067] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The solar cell 10 is a back-contact solar cell and is a gridless solar cell. The solar cell 10 includes a plurality of fine grids, which extend along a second direction and are spaced apart along a first direction.

[0068] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 12 and Figure 13In the battery string, multiple battery cells 10 include a first battery cell P1 electrically connected to the first end interconnect 211 and a second battery cell P2 adjacent to the first battery cell P1; an edge busbar 31 is disposed on the back side of the first battery cell P1 and / or the second battery cell P2, and a first insulating member 40 is provided on the back side of the first battery cell P1 and / or the second battery cell P2. Along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10, the orthographic projection of the first insulating member 40 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge busbar 31.

[0069] The first insulating member 40 can be a one-piece strip structure or a separate structure. When the first insulating member 40 is a one-piece strip structure, along the first direction, the width of the first insulating member 40 is greater than or equal to the width of the edge busbar 31, and along the second direction, the length of the first insulating member 40 is greater than or equal to the length of the edge busbar 31. The first insulating member 40 is used to achieve insulation with the grid lines on the first battery cell P1 and / or the second battery cell P2, prevent the edge busbar 31 from contacting two grid lines of opposite orientation simultaneously, and prevent the edge busbar 31 from contacting interconnecting components of opposite orientation. The first insulating member 40 can be an adhesive insulating tape or an insulating adhesive that needs to be cured, such as thermosetting adhesive or UV (ultraviolet) curing adhesive.

[0070] Reference Figure 14 This invention also provides a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules, comprising: S101, with battery cells arranged.

[0071] The solar cells 10 can be arranged on the first adhesive film or on a platform. During the arrangement of multiple solar cells 10, they are arranged according to the module layout. The solar cells 10 are back-contact cells; when arranging the solar cells 10, their back sides face upwards.

[0072] S102, placement connection structure.

[0073] The connection structure includes an intra-string interconnect 22, an end interconnect 21, and a bus 30.

[0074] S103 involves welding the battery cells, in-string interconnects, and end interconnects.

[0075] The welding method for the battery cell 10 to the in-string interconnect 22 and the end interconnect 21 can be laser welding, electromagnetic welding, lamination welding, infrared welding, etc. Preferably, the welding method for the battery cell 10 to the in-string interconnect 22 and the end interconnect 21 is laser welding.

[0076] Specifically through Figure 22The laser welding device 900 in the middle performs welding on the battery cell 10, the intra-string interconnect 22, and the end interconnect 21. During laser welding, the intra-string interconnect 22 and the end interconnect 21 can be pressed down by a clamp, or... Figure 22 The flexible membrane 70 presses down on the intra-string interconnect 22 and the end interconnect 21.

[0077] In the prepared photovoltaic module, the interconnect 20 and the busbar 30 are welded to form a first welding area R1, and the interconnect 20 and the cell 10 are welded to form a second welding area R2. The first surface of the first welding area R1 has a first texture structure 25, and the second surface of the second welding area R2 has a second texture structure 26. The first texture structure 25 and the second texture structure 26 are different, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, when the first welding area R1 contacts the adhesive film, the first textured structure 25 increases the contact area between the end interconnect 21 and the molten adhesive film during lamination, forming an interlocking structure between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film. This improves the peel strength between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film, thereby enhancing the reliability of the component. Furthermore, the first textured structure 25 increases the surface area of ​​the end interconnect 21, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the end interconnect 21 and the adhesive film.

[0079] The second textured structure 26 increases the contact area between the interconnect 20 and the molten adhesive film during lamination, creating an interlocking structure between them. This improves the peel strength between the interconnect 20 and the adhesive film, thereby enhancing component reliability. Furthermore, the second textured structure 26 increases the surface area of ​​the interconnect 20, improving the heat transfer efficiency between the interconnect 20 and the adhesive film. Additionally, the welded area has a more pronounced textured structure, allowing for identification of the welded area using AOI technology, thus assessing weld quality.

[0080] Furthermore, in the first welding area R1, the welding process is subject to greater pressure, resulting in a tighter fit between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30, and a longer welding time. The resulting contact surface area between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 is larger, increasing the tensile strength between them and reducing contact resistance, thereby improving current transmission and facilitating the collection of current from the battery string by the busbar 30. Additionally, the roughness Ra2 of the second surface in the second welding area R2 is relatively small. When the photovoltaic module is subjected to localized external forces, the interconnect 20 experiences less pressure in the second welding area R2, reducing the risk of microcracks in the battery cell 10.

[0081] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 15 The placement of the connection structure includes: placing the interconnecting components within the string, followed by placing the bus assembly.

[0082] The bus assembly includes an end interconnect 21 and a bus 30 welded together. Figure 21 The image shows the busbar assembly after placement. If the busbar 30 needs to be hidden, refer to the following instructions before placing the busbar assembly: Figure 20 Insulating components also need to be placed. When the busbar 30 does not need to be hidden, insulating components are not required before placing the busbar assembly. When placing the series interconnect components, it can be done through... Figure 19 The swaying device 130 is used to place the interconnecting components within the string. In this embodiment, the end interconnecting component 21 and the busbar 30 are welded together before placement, which enables the busbar 30 to be hidden.

[0083] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 23 The placement of the connection structure includes: placing the intra-string interconnects and the end interconnects, and placing the busbars; after placing the intra-string interconnects, the end interconnects, and the busbars, and before welding the battery cells and the end interconnects and the intra-string interconnects, the process also includes: welding the busbars and the end interconnects.

[0084] This embodiment is applicable to photovoltaic modules that do not require hiding the busbar 30. The welding methods for the cell 10 and the end interconnect 21, the intra-string interconnect, and the busbar 30 and the end interconnect 21 are different. In this embodiment, the busbar 30 and the end interconnect 21 are welded separately, allowing for flexible adjustment of the welding method and welding parameters.

[0085] The welding method between the busbar 30 and the end interconnect 21 can be laser welding, electromagnetic welding, lamination welding, infrared welding, etc. Preferably, the welding method between the busbar 30 and the end interconnect 21 is electromagnetic welding.

[0086] In some embodiments, the welding method between the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 in the busbar assembly is electromagnetic welding. In some embodiments, refer to... Figure 23 Welding of the busbar and the end interconnect includes welding the busbar and the end interconnect using an electromagnetic welding device.

[0087] During electromagnetic welding, the end interconnect 21 and the busbar 30 can be pressed down by a ceramic clamp. The welding method of the battery cell 10 to the end interconnect 21 and the in-string interconnect is laser welding, while the welding method of the end interconnect 21 to the busbar 30 is electromagnetic welding. The two welding methods are different, which makes the surface texture structure of the first welding area R1 and the second welding area R2 different.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the busbar assembly is placed, the busbar 30 faces the solar cell 10. In this placement, the first surface of the end interconnect 21 in the resulting photovoltaic module faces the back of the module. In some embodiments, when the busbar assembly is placed, the end interconnect 21 faces the solar cell 10. In this placement, the first surface of the end interconnect 21 in the resulting photovoltaic module faces the front of the module.

[0089] In some embodiments, when arranging the connection structure, the intra-string interconnects and end interconnects are placed first, followed by the busbars. In this arrangement, the first surface of the end interconnect 21 faces the front of the photovoltaic module. In some embodiments, when arranging the busbars, the busbars are placed first, followed by the intra-string interconnects and end interconnects. In this arrangement, the first surface of the end interconnect 21 faces the back of the photovoltaic module.

[0090] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 22 and Figure 23 Before arranging the battery cells, the process includes: pre-fixing the front glass and the first adhesive film to form a pre-fixing component; arranging the battery cells, including: arranging the battery cells on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixing component, wherein the front side of the battery cell 10 contacts the first adhesive film; after placing the connecting structure, before welding the battery cells and the end interconnects and the in-string interconnects, the process includes: laying a flexible film on the connecting structure and the battery cells; wherein the flexible film 70 covers the connecting structure and the battery cell 10; drawing a vacuum to create a negative pressure between the flexible film and the pre-fixing component, so that the flexible film presses the end interconnects and the in-string interconnects.

[0091] In the pre-fixed component 60, the first adhesive film is on top, and the front glass is on the bottom. Pre-fixation methods include, but are not limited to, bonding, clamping, and pressing. The pre-fixation of the front glass and the first adhesive film can be partial or area-wide. This can be achieved through... Figure 17 The arrangement device 100 arranges the battery cells 10 on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixed member 60.

[0092] After the connecting structure is placed and before the flexible membrane 70 is laid, the pre-fixed member 60, the battery cells 10 on the pre-fixed member 60, and the connecting structure can be transferred to the supporting device 80. Then, the pre-fixed member 60 is adsorbed through the first vacuum adsorption hole 81 on the supporting device 80. After the flexible membrane 70 is laid, the flexible membrane 70 can be flexibly laid through the second vacuum adsorption hole 82 on the supporting device 80, so that a negative pressure is formed between the flexible membrane 70 and the pre-fixed member 60.

[0093] The flexible film 70 is transparent to laser light. The size of the flexible film 70 can be larger than the size of the pre-fixed member 60; for example, the width of the flexible film 70 is greater than the width of the pre-fixed member 60, and the length of the flexible film 70 is greater than the length of the pre-fixed member 60. The flexible film 70 can be laid on the connecting structure and the battery cell 10 using a film-laying device.

[0094] In this embodiment, the front glass and the first adhesive film are first pre-fixed to form a pre-fixed component 60. Then, the battery cells 10 are arranged on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixed component 60, and the connecting structure is arranged. Finally, the battery cells 10 and the interconnecting component 20 are welded. During and after the welding of the battery cells 10 and the interconnecting component 20, the first adhesive film and the front glass are fixed, that is, the position of the first adhesive film is fixed and will not shrink. During the welding of the battery cells 10 and the interconnecting component 20, heat is transferred from the battery cells 10 to the first adhesive film. The first adhesive film is heated and bonded to the battery cells 10, so that the battery cells 10, the first adhesive film, and the front glass are fixed as one. Therefore, when the battery cells 10 tend to warp, the front glass will hold the battery cells 10, which can effectively prevent the battery cells 10 from warping, thereby significantly reducing the degree of warping of the battery cells 10.

[0095] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 15 , Figure 17 and Figure 23 After arranging the battery cells on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixed component and before arranging the connecting structure, the process also includes: locally heating the battery cells.

[0096] During the localized heating of the battery cell 10, a corresponding portion of the first adhesive film is heated, causing the first adhesive film to partially bond to the battery cell 10. This can be achieved through... Figure 17 The melting device 110 in the middle heats the battery cell 10 locally. After the battery cell 10 is placed, the battery cell 10 is pre-fixed to the first adhesive film by local heating, which can prevent the battery cell 10 from shifting during subsequent transfer.

[0097] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 15 , Figure 18 and Figure 23 This also includes: applying adhesive at designated points on the battery cells to form adhesive dots; and curing the adhesive dots after the interconnect components 20 are placed. This can be achieved through... Figure 18 The dispensing device 120 dispenses adhesive. The adhesive dots 140 formed after dispensing can be located on the edge connection portion 111, that is, at the beginning and end of the connection portion row 11. In this embodiment, by pre-dispensing adhesive to form adhesive dots 140, and then curing the adhesive dots 140 after the interconnecting component 20 is placed, the interconnecting component 20 can be pre-fixed, preventing the interconnecting component 20 from shifting position during subsequent transmission.

[0098] Reference Figure 15Another photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided by this invention is used to manufacture a photovoltaic module including a hidden busbar 30. The photovoltaic module manufacturing method includes: S201, pre-fixing the front glass and the first adhesive film to form a pre-fixing component; S202, arranging the solar cells on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixing component; S203, locally heating the solar cells; S204, applying adhesive at designated points on the solar cells to form adhesive dots; S205, placing the string interconnects; S206, curing the adhesive dots corresponding to the string interconnects; S207, placing the first insulating component and the second insulating component; S208, placing the busbar component; S209, curing the adhesive dots corresponding to the end interconnects; S210, combining the pre-fixing component and the pre-fixing component... The battery cells and connecting structures are transferred to the carrier device; S211, the pre-fixed component is adsorbed through the first vacuum adsorption hole on the carrier device; S212, the flexible film is laid on the connecting structure and the battery cells; S213, the flexible film is adsorbed through the second vacuum adsorption hole on the carrier device, so that a negative pressure is formed between the flexible film and the pre-fixed component, so that the flexible film presses the in-string interconnect and the end interconnect; S214, the battery cells, in-string interconnect and end interconnect are welded; S215, the flexible film is removed; S216, the pre-fixed component and the battery cells and connecting structures on the pre-fixed component are transferred to the lamination station; S217, the second adhesive film and the back glass are sequentially laid on the battery cells and the connecting structure to form the component to be laminated, and the component to be laminated is laminated.

[0099] Reference Figure 23The present invention provides another method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, which is used to manufacture a photovoltaic module including a non-concealed busbar 30. The method includes: S301, pre-fixing the front glass and the first encapsulant film to form a pre-fixed component; S302, arranging the solar cells on the first encapsulant film of the pre-fixed component; S303, locally heating the solar cells; S304, applying adhesive at designated points on the solar cells to form adhesive points; S305, placing the string interconnects and end interconnects; S306, curing the adhesive points; S307, placing the busbar; S308, welding the busbar and the end interconnects using an electromagnetic welding device; S309, connecting the pre-fixed component and the solar cells on the pre-fixed component to the string interconnects. The connection structure is transferred to the carrier device; S310, the pre-fixed component is adsorbed through the first vacuum adsorption hole on the carrier device; S311, the flexible film is laid on the connection structure and the battery cell; S312, the flexible film is adsorbed through the second vacuum adsorption hole on the carrier device, so that a negative pressure is formed between the flexible film and the pre-fixed component, so that the flexible film presses the in-string interconnect and the end interconnect; S313, the battery cell, the in-string interconnect, and the end interconnect are welded; S314, the flexible film is removed; S315, the pre-fixed component and the battery cell and connection structure on the pre-fixed component are transferred to the lamination station; S316, the second adhesive film and the back glass are sequentially laid on the battery cell and the connection structure to form the component to be laminated, and the component to be laminated is laminated.

[0100] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0101] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all of these modifications are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, The device includes a battery string and a busbar connected to the battery string. The battery string includes multiple battery cells and multiple interconnects. In the battery string, the multiple battery cells are arranged along a first direction. The interconnect component is welded to the busbar to form a first welding area, and the interconnect component is welded to the battery cell to form a second welding area; The first surface of the first welding area has a first texture structure, and the second surface of the second welding area has a second texture structure. The first texture structure is different from the second texture structure, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The first surface is the surface of the interconnect that is away from the busbar, and the second surface is the surface of the interconnect that is away from the battery cell.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The roughness Ra1 of the first surface is ≤9μm, and / or the roughness Ra2 of the second surface is ≤4μm.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of interconnects include end interconnects electrically connected to the busbar, wherein along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area is greater than or equal to the overlap length S1 between the end interconnect and the busbar; And / or, the length L1 of the first welding area is between 4mm and 18mm.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The battery cell includes a column of connectors for electrical connection with the interconnecting member, and along the first direction, the length L2 of the second welding area is greater than or equal to the length S2 of the column of connectors. And / or, S3-20≤L2≤S3-5mm, where S3 is the dimension of the battery cell along the first direction; And / or, 71mm≤L2≤110mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the length L1 of the first welding area is greater than or equal to the width W4 of the busbar, and L1-W4≤10mm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first texture structure includes a plurality of first protrusions, and the second texture structure includes a plurality of second protrusions. The maximum height of the first protrusions is less than or equal to 100 μm, and the maximum height of the second protrusions is less than or equal to 40 μm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of the plurality of first protrusions to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first welding area is greater than or equal to 50%; And / or, along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the ratio of the total area of ​​the orthographic projection of a plurality of the second protrusions to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second welding region is less than 50%.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, In the battery string, the plurality of interconnecting members further include intra-string interconnecting members that connect two adjacent battery cells, and the intra-string interconnecting members have a first non-welded area; Along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the orthographic projection of the first non-welded area overlaps with the orthographic projections of two adjacent battery cells and is located between two adjacent second welded areas; The third surface of the first non-welded area has a third texture structure, which is different from the first texture structure and different from the second texture structure, and / or the roughness Ra3 of the third surface is less than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface, and / or the roughness Ra3 of the third surface is ≤2μm.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The length L3 of the first non-welded area is between 1mm and 20mm; And / or, in one of the battery strings, the total length of the plurality of first welded regions is less than the total length of the plurality of first non-welded regions, and the total length of the plurality of first non-welded regions is less than the total length of the plurality of second welded regions.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The difference between any two of the widths W1 of the first welding area, W2 of the second welding area, and W3 of the first non-welding area is less than or equal to 60 μm.

12. A method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Arrange the battery cells; A connection structure is provided, wherein the connection structure includes an intra-serial interconnect, an end interconnect, and a busbar; The battery cells, the in-string interconnects, and the end interconnects are welded together. In the photovoltaic module prepared therein, the interconnect component is welded to the busbar to form a first welding area, and the interconnect component is welded to the solar cell to form a second welding area; the first surface of the first welding area has a first texture structure, and the second surface of the second welding area has a second texture structure. The first texture structure is different from the second texture structure, and the roughness Ra1 of the first surface is greater than the roughness Ra2 of the second surface.

13. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The placement connection structure includes: placing intra-string interconnects, and then placing a bus assembly, wherein the bus assembly includes end interconnects and a bus assembly welded together; Alternatively, the placement connection structure includes: placing intra-string interconnects, end interconnects, and busbars; after placing the intra-string interconnects, end interconnects, and busbars, and before welding the battery cells and the intra-string interconnects and end interconnects, the structure further includes: welding the busbars and the end interconnects.

14. The photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to claim 13, characterized in that, When the busbar assembly is positioned, the busbar faces the battery cell, or the end interconnect faces the battery cell.

15. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, Before arranging the battery cells, the following is also included: The front glass and the first adhesive film are pre-fixed to form a pre-fixed component; The arrangement of the battery cells includes: The battery cells are arranged on the first adhesive film of the pre-fixed member, wherein the front side of the battery cells is in contact with the first adhesive film; After the placement and connection structure is established, and before welding the battery cells, the intra-string interconnects, and the end interconnects, the process includes: A flexible membrane is laid on the connecting structure and the battery cell; wherein the flexible membrane covers the connecting structure and the battery cell; A vacuum is drawn to create a negative pressure between the flexible membrane and the pre-fixed member, causing the flexible membrane to press against the end interconnect and the intra-string interconnect.

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