Soil conservation device and method applied to agricultural photoelectric station

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil conservation device applied to an agricultural photoelectric station and a conservation method, and relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation. The soil conservation device comprises a water collection mechanism and a buffer unit, and the detachable water collection mechanism is arranged at the lower end of a photovoltaic panel and the buffer unit is arranged on the soil surface; rainwater originally dripping along the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel in a concentrated mode can be effectively collected and dispersed, scouring and erosion to soil are remarkably reduced, and the surface structure of cultivated land is protected. According to the device, part of rainwater is guided into the soil below the photovoltaic panel through the recharge channel, the problem of drought under the panel caused by shielding is relieved, and the uniformity of soil moisture distribution is improved. The device is simple in structure and convenient to install and maintain, and the agricultural photoelectric station does not need to be transformed. The conservation method comprises the steps of parameter setting, installation and operation, external energy is not needed, maintenance is easy and convenient, the soil structure is effectively conserved, the cultivated land quality is improved, and meanwhile engineering feasibility and economical efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation technology, and in particular to a soil conservation device and method for use in agricultural photovoltaic power stations. Background Technology

[0002] Existing agricultural photovoltaic power stations generally use fixed supports. Under rainfall conditions, a concentrated "rain curtain" forms at the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules. Long-term dripping causes severe soil erosion at the drip line, while the central area under the panels becomes a dry zone due to shading, exacerbating spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture and degrading arable land quality. Current solutions mainly fall into three categories: first, using rainwater collection troughs combined with pipes to collect and drain rainwater, but this suffers from problems such as easy clogging, high maintenance requirements, and the risk of secondary erosion; second, modifying the module frame to integrate a water collection structure, but this requires replacing modules or damaging the encapsulation, making it unsuitable for existing power stations; third, adjusting the module tilt angle to distribute water evenly, but this involves high costs and poor reliability for modifying existing fixed supports. None of these solutions can simultaneously achieve peak shaving and erosion prevention, as well as water conservation, without modifying the modules, relying on external energy sources, or requiring low maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a soil conservation device and method suitable for existing fixed agricultural photovoltaic power stations, capable of achieving on-site rainwater infiltration and spatial optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a soil conservation device and method for agricultural photovoltaic power stations, which can achieve rainwater management without modifying the photovoltaic power station, avoid soil erosion, and ensure uniform rainwater infiltration.

[0004] A soil conservation device for an agricultural photovoltaic power station according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:

[0005] The water collection mechanism is detachably installed at the lower end of the photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic power station. The water collection mechanism includes a container and a recharge channel. The bottom of the container is provided with multiple drainage outlets, and the upper side wall of the container is provided with an overflow outlet. The recharge channel includes a drainage pipe and a recharge device. The drainage pipe is connected to the container, and the recharge device is connected to one side of the container and inserted into the soil. The recharge device has multiple seepage holes. The buffer unit is located on the soil surface and corresponds to the lower part of the water collection mechanism. The buffer unit is made of crushed stone piled to a predetermined thickness. Rainwater discharged from the drainage outlet can enter the buffer unit and infiltrate into the soil.

[0006] A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This embodiment features a water collection mechanism and a buffer unit. By installing a detachable water collection mechanism at the lower end of the photovoltaic panel and a buffer unit on the soil surface, rainwater that would otherwise drip along the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively collected and dispersed. This allows the rainwater to penetrate deeper into the soil through the gravel in the buffer unit, significantly reducing the impact on the soil and thus inhibiting erosion at the drip line, protecting the surface structure of the farmland. Simultaneously, the device guides some rainwater into the soil beneath the photovoltaic panel through a recharge channel, alleviating drought caused by shading and improving the uniformity of soil moisture distribution, which is beneficial for balanced crop growth. The recharge device has multiple seepage holes, preventing sand and soil from entering the drainage pipes during irrigation, thus avoiding blockages and reducing maintenance frequency. This device has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, requires no modification to the agricultural photovoltaic power station itself, is particularly suitable for retrofitting existing fixed photovoltaic power stations, and has no complex power components, ensuring reliable operation and low cost.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a receiving cavity is provided in the soil for containing gravel. The buffer unit includes an isolation layer, which is laid on the outer periphery of the bottom of the gravel to prevent soil from being directly washed away, causing soil particles to clog the gaps in the gravel and ensuring that the structure of the receiving cavity remains stable.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a permeable layer is laid on top of the buffer unit, which can keep the soil surface flat and further disperse the water flow.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the inner peripheral wall of the container is provided with a plurality of guide plates, which extend in a vertical direction.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the overflow outlet and the drain pipe are located on the same side of the container, and the overflow outlet is connected to the drain pipe. When the water flow is large, rainwater can enter the recharge channel through the overflow outlet, thereby improving drainage efficiency and preventing rainwater from directly eroding the soil surface.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the photovoltaic power station includes a photovoltaic panel, a support frame and purlins. Multiple purlins are arranged around the outer periphery of the photovoltaic panel, and multiple supports for mounting the photovoltaic panel are installed on the purlins. The water collection mechanism is provided with a mounting base that is detachably connected to the support frame.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the water collection mechanism has a plurality of spaced-apart reinjection channels along the width direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the length direction of the reinjector is perpendicular to the length direction of the drain pipe.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a coarse filter screen is provided on the top of the container, which can prevent debris from entering the container.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the bottom of the container is provided with a sedimentation zone, and the bottom wall of the container is provided with a removable drain outlet.

[0015] According to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention, a soil conservation method is provided, comprising the above-described soil conservation device applied to an agricultural photovoltaic power station, including the following steps: Site survey and parameter setting: Obtain and set site parameters, including determining the arrangement of photovoltaic modules, the lower edge height of the containers, crop type, soil texture and slope; determine the spacing and width of drainage outlets based on the parameters, and set the number and drainage direction of recharge channels; Installation: Fix the water collection mechanism to the bracket, keeping the water collection mechanism at a preset distance from the edge of the photovoltaic panel; set a buffer unit at the corresponding soil surface position below the water collection mechanism; install the recharge device of the recharge channel in the soil below the projection center of the photovoltaic power station. Operation: When the water level is lower than the flood discharge level, rainwater flows out through multiple drainage outlets and infiltrates into the soil through the buffer unit; at the same time, some rainwater is slowly replenished to the central area of ​​the soil at the bottom of the photovoltaic power station through the recharge channel; when the water level rises to the flood discharge level, rainwater is quickly discharged through the overflow outlet and scours the inside of the container.

[0016] The conservation method according to the second aspect of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This embodiment includes on-site survey and parameter setting, installation, and operation. During installation, by fixing the water collection mechanism to the support and maintaining a safe distance from the photovoltaic panels, a non-module-modification-based installation is achieved, making it particularly suitable for rapid retrofitting of existing power plants and avoiding module warranty risks. During operation, rainwater is collected and dispersed through multiple drainage outlets. It is first absorbed by a buffer unit and its infiltration is promoted, significantly reducing the concentrated scouring force of traditional "rain curtains" on the drip line soil and inhibiting gully erosion. Simultaneously, some rainwater is transported through the recharge channel to the central arid area under the photovoltaic panel projection, thus alleviating soil moisture differentiation caused by shading and improving overall moisture uniformity. During heavy rain, the automatic opening of the overflow outlet enables rapid flood discharge and channel self-flushing, enhancing the device's anti-clogging capability and adaptability to extreme weather. The entire method is based on passive adaptive operation, requiring no external energy source and is easy to maintain. While effectively conserving soil structure and improving arable land quality, it also possesses engineering feasibility and economic efficiency, providing a reliable technical path for the sustainable agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity of existing agricultural power plants.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a side view of a soil conservation device applied to an agricultural photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the water collection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating container drainage during light and moderate rain in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating container drainage during heavy rain and storms, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the permeable layer and the isolation layer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the recharger in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple recharge channels in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple rechargers in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: Photovoltaic power station 100; photovoltaic panel 101; bracket 102; purlin 103; Water collection mechanism 110; container 111; drain outlet 112; overflow outlet 113; guide plate 114; connecting pipe 115; coarse filter screen 116; sedimentation zone 117; sewage outlet 118; mounting base 119; Buffer unit 120; gravel 121; soil 122; containment cavity 123; permeable layer 124; isolation layer 125; Recharge channel 130; Drainage pipe 131; Recharge device 132; Check valve 133. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations, as described in the first aspect of this invention, aims to address the problems of soil erosion and uneven spatial distribution of moisture caused by photovoltaic panel shading and rainwater runoff in existing fixed agricultural photovoltaic power stations. This device, without altering the existing photovoltaic modules and main support structure, achieves rainwater collection, peak shaving, diffusion, recharge, and energy dissipation infiltration, thereby effectively protecting arable land quality and improving the ecological and productive benefits of the agricultural photovoltaic system.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 8 Soil conservation devices applied to agricultural photovoltaic power stations are mainly used in existing and operational fixed agricultural photovoltaic power stations. A photovoltaic power station 100 typically includes rows of photovoltaic panels 101, supports 102 for supporting and fixing the photovoltaic panels 101, and purlins 103 connecting and supporting multiple supports 102. These photovoltaic panels 101 are installed at a fixed angle. During rainfall, rainwater flows along the inclined surface of the panels and eventually drips from their lower edges, forming what is known as a "rain curtain." Over time, this high-intensity, linear water droplet impact creates a noticeable "drip line" on the soil surface 122 directly below the lower edge of the photovoltaic panels 101, leading to splash erosion and grooving erosion, nutrient loss, and damage to the soil structure. Simultaneously, the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panels 101 long-term shading from sunlight and natural rainfall causes the soil in the central area beneath the panels to become dry, while the area near the drip line becomes relatively wet. This extreme spatial differentiation between dry and wet conditions severely affects the balanced growth of crops and field management below, reducing the overall quality of the cultivated land.

[0026] Understandably, the soil conservation device used in agricultural photovoltaic power stations includes a water collection mechanism 110 and a buffer unit 120, which work together. The water collection mechanism 110 is detachably installed on the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 101. The water collection mechanism 110 includes a container 111 and a mounting base 119. The container 111 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 119, and the mounting base 119 is detachably fixed to the bracket 102 or purlin 103 of the photovoltaic panel 101. This "non-module modification" installation method avoids operations such as drilling, welding, or bonding on the photovoltaic equipment that may damage its sealing, structural integrity, and electrical safety, thus preventing the warranty provided by the photovoltaic module manufacturer from being voided. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that sufficient physical clearance is maintained between the water collection mechanism 110 and the metal frame of the photovoltaic panel 101. Insulating gaskets are usually required to meet the requirements of electrical safety regulations.

[0027] Reference Figure 7 Understandably, the length of container 111 is sufficient to cover the lower edge of one or more consecutively arranged photovoltaic panels to achieve continuous water collection. Container 111 has an open inlet at the top, directly opposite the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 101 above. To prevent large debris such as leaves, twigs, and bird droppings from falling directly into container 111 and causing blockage, a coarse filter screen 116 is installed at the inlet. The mesh size of the coarse filter screen 116 needs to be selected based on the common debris conditions at the installation site, striking a balance between effectively intercepting debris and ensuring unobstructed water flow.

[0028] To improve water collection and optimize internal water flow, multiple vertically extending guide plates 114 are installed on the inner wall of container 111. These guide plates 114 are arranged in an alternating or parallel pattern, forming a maze-like flow channel inside the container. When rainwater enters container 111 from different locations, these guide plates 114 effectively disrupt the water flow, dissipate some of its kinetic energy, and promote faster and more uniform distribution of the water along the entire length of the container, achieving a "pressure equalization" effect. This prevents excessive concentration of water in a certain section of the container, laying an important foundation for achieving uniform and dispersed water discharge subsequently.

[0029] Considering that rainwater in agricultural environments often carries silt, the bottom of container 111 is designed with a sedimentation zone 117. When the water flow slows down inside the container, heavier silt particles will naturally settle and accumulate in this area. To facilitate regular cleaning and maintain the device's long-term unobstructed operation, a removable drain port 118 is provided at the lowest point of the sedimentation zone 117 on the bottom wall of container 111. The drain port 118 is typically equipped with a threaded cap with a sealing ring or a convenient snap-on cover, which can be easily opened to drain the deposited silt before the rainy season or during regular maintenance.

[0030] Multiple spaced-apart drain outlets 112 are provided at the bottom of container 111. These outlets 112 primarily function to "limit" the flow, collectively forming the "primary outflow channel" of the device. Under typical rainfall or moderate rain conditions, the amount of water entering container 111 is limited, and the water level is low. At this time, rainwater mainly relies on gravity to flow through these outlets 112, slowly discharging at a small flow rate in a dispersed, multi-point manner. This design cleverly transforms the originally continuous, high-impact "rain curtain" dripping from the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel into a series of discrete, low-energy water droplets or streams distributed along a line, significantly reducing the instantaneous impact on the surface soil.

[0031] One or more overflow outlets 113 are provided on the upper perimeter of the side wall of container 111. The bottom height of the overflow outlet 113 is higher than the height of the drain outlet 112, but lower than the upper limit of the safe capacity of container 111. When encountering short-term heavy rainfall or continuous heavy rain, the rainwater collection speed far exceeds the drainage capacity of the bottom drain outlet 112, and the water level in container 111 will rise rapidly. Once the water level reaches the height of the overflow outlet 113, a large amount of excess rainwater will immediately overflow from the overflow outlet 113. Since the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet 113 is much larger than that of a single drain outlet 112, it constitutes a "secondary flood discharge channel" of the device, which can quickly discharge excess rainwater in extreme weather conditions and prevent container 111 from malfunctioning or structurally damaged due to overflow. More importantly, the large flow rate and high velocity of water flowing out from the high-level overflow outlet 113 will have a strong scouring effect on the bottom area of ​​container 111, especially around the drain outlet 112 and the sedimentation zone 117. This flushing helps remove fine silt and organic matter accumulated at the bottom of container 111, achieving a certain degree of "self-flushing" effect and effectively reducing the risk of system blockage due to siltation.

[0032] It is understood that the recharge channel 130 mainly consists of a drain pipe 131 and a recharge device 132. One end of the drain pipe 131 is connected to the side wall of the container 111. In some preferred embodiments, the position where the drain pipe 131 connects to the container 111 is on the same side as the overflow port 113. The overflow port 113 is directly connected to the drain pipe 131 through a connecting pipe 115. In this way, the normal drainage from the container 111 or the flood discharge from the overflow port 113 can be introduced into the recharge channel 130. The other end of the drain pipe 131 extends to the center below the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 101 and connects to the recharge device 132 buried in the soil.

[0033] The recharger 132 is the terminal component that directly exchanges water with the soil. The recharger 132 has multiple densely packed micro-perforations on its outer periphery, and can also be a dedicated drip irrigation tape or similar permeable material. The recharger 132 is buried horizontally, vertically, or with a slight slope in the shallow surface layer of the soil 122 in the central area under the photovoltaic panel 101, typically near the active layer of the crop's main root system. When rainwater flows into the recharger 132 through the drain pipe 131, it slowly and evenly replenishes the surrounding dry soil 122 through the numerous perforations on its wall. This directional, point-to-area water replenishment method directly targets the "dry zone" caused by photovoltaic panel shading, effectively breaking the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture. To prevent irreversible blockage caused by irreversible backflow of surrounding soil particles or mud being sucked into the perforations due to capillary action or negative pressure when the water flow in the drain pipe 131 stops and the pressure drops, a miniature anti-backflow check valve 133 can be installed at the inlet end of the recharger 132.

[0034] Reference Figure 7 It is understood that, along the width direction of the photovoltaic panel 101, the water collection mechanism 110 has multiple spaced-apart recharge channels 130, and the length direction of the recharge device 132 is perpendicular to the length direction of the drainage pipe 131, so that water can be more evenly infiltrated into the soil 122, improving the uniformity of water distribution. Furthermore, a single drainage pipe 131 can also connect to multiple recharge devices 132, such as... Figure 8 As shown, multiple rechargers 132 can be installed along the length of the drainage pipe 131. The multiple rechargers 132 are arranged at intervals along the length of the photovoltaic panel 101, thereby improving drainage efficiency, increasing the uniformity of water infiltration in the soil 122, and improving the uniformity of water spatial distribution.

[0035] The buffer unit 120 is located on the ground, directly below the drip line area of ​​the water collection mechanism 110. Its core function is to receive water dripping from the drain outlet 112 at the bottom of the container 111, and to reduce its energy and promote its permeability. The main material of the buffer unit 120 is screened crushed stone 121. This crushed stone 121 should have a reasonable particle size distribution and be hard to form a stable and well-porosity structural layer, stacked to a predetermined thickness, such as 15 to 25 centimeters.

[0036] To construct a durable and efficient buffer layer, a shallow, elongated cavity 123 is typically excavated at the planned location for laying the buffer unit 120. Before laying the crushed stone 121, an isolation layer 125 is laid on the bottom and sidewalls of the cavity 123. The isolation layer 125 is usually made of a permeable and aging-resistant geotextile. Its core function is to completely isolate the upper crushed stone 121 layer from the lower native soil 122, preventing fine clay and silt particles in the soil from migrating upwards and intruding into the voids between the crushed stones during rainwater erosion and infiltration, thereby maintaining the high permeability and water storage capacity of the buffer layer over the long term. The selected crushed stone 121 is then laid on top of the isolation layer 125, filling the entire cavity 123.

[0037] In other embodiments, a permeable layer 124 is placed on top of the gravel layer 121. The permeable layer 124 can be a permeable geotextile, a natural fiber mat (such as straw mat or coconut fiber blanket), or a lightweight plastic or composite material cover with uniform pores. The permeable layer 124 can further disperse the water dripping from above, preventing it from concentrating and impacting a single point, and can also prevent surface soil, fallen leaves, and other debris from falling directly into the gravel gaps and causing blockages; furthermore, it can keep the surface relatively flat, without hindering normal field walking and agricultural machinery operations.

[0038] During rainfall, rainwater is effectively collected by container 111 and evenly distributed within it. Under light to moderate rain conditions, the water flow is dispersed and drips at low energy through multiple drain outlets 112 at the bottom to the buffer unit 120 below. The impact force of the water flow is absorbed, dispersed, and slowed down by the gravel 121, and some water is temporarily stored in the gaps between the gravel, subsequently slowly and evenly infiltrating into the deeper and surrounding soil 122. At the same time, a portion of the water flow is transported through the reinjection channel 130 to the soil 122 below the photovoltaic panel 101 to replenish drought-stricken areas. Under heavy rain conditions, excess water is quickly discharged through the overflow outlet 113 to prevent system overload and to utilize the flood discharge flow for self-cleaning.

[0039] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a conservation method is provided. This includes steps such as site survey and parameter setting, installation, and operation.

[0040] First, technicians need to conduct on-site measurements and record the specific arrangement of the photovoltaic panels 101 of the photovoltaic power station 100, the height of their lower edges from the ground, and the type of existing support structures. They also need to assess the crop type, soil texture (sandy, loam, clay), and site slope. This basic data forms the basis for all subsequent design decisions. Based on these parameters, the appropriate spacing of the drainage outlets 112 needs to be calculated. For sites with steep slopes and poor soil erosion resistance (such as red soil), the spacing should be smaller (e.g., 10-15 cm) to provide denser energy dissipation points; for flat sites with heavy clay soil, the spacing can be appropriately increased (e.g., 20-30 cm). The width of the buffer unit 120 also needs to be determined based on the expected water flow diffusion range and soil permeability, typically designed to be 30-60 cm. The density of the recharge channels 130 needs to balance the water supply and engineering costs, generally planned as one recharge channel 130 for every 3-4 standard photovoltaic panels 101.

[0041] Next comes the installation phase. Using specialized clamps, clips, or clamps, the water collection mechanism 110 is securely installed onto the existing bracket 102 or purlin 103, and the safe distance from the frame of the photovoltaic panel 101 is repeatedly confirmed. Subsequently, a receiving cavity 123 is excavated in the soil 122 at the marked drip line position, and an isolation layer 125, gravel 121, and permeable layer 124 are laid to complete the construction of the buffer unit 120. Finally, the pipes of the reinjection channel 130 are connected and laid, and the reinjector 132 is accurately buried at the target depth under the center of the panel.

[0042] Once installed, the device operates completely automatically without any power source. Based on real-time rainfall intensity, it automatically switches operating modes according to changes in the water level within container 111. During light rain, the system primarily uses the dispersed outflow from drain outlet 112 and slow recharge through recharge channel 130; during moderate rain, diffusion infiltration through buffer unit 120 becomes dominant, with recharge channel 130 playing a secondary role; during heavy rain, rapid flood discharge occurs through overflow outlet 113. Simple maintenance is performed after the rainy season or before each planting season: open drain outlet 118 to remove sediment, check the integrity of coarse filter 116 and permeable layer 124, and loosen or replace some materials on the surface of buffer unit 120 if necessary.

[0043] In summary, this invention, through the innovative combination of the water collection mechanism 110 and the buffer unit 120, and supplemented by a complete set of parametric design, installation, and operation methods, provides an economical, practical, and low-maintenance comprehensive soil conservation solution for existing fixed agricultural photovoltaic power stations. It directly addresses the two core contradictions of "drip line erosion" and "underfloor drought" from a physical mechanism perspective. Through the technical path of "peak shaving at the source, energy dissipation during the process, and spatial reinjection," it achieves refined management of rainwater resources and effective protection of arable land soil, which has significant practical implications for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the agricultural photovoltaic complementary industry.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conservation device for use in agricultural photovoltaic power stations, installed in the photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, include: A water collection mechanism is detachably installed at the lower end of the photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic power station. The water collection mechanism includes a container and a recharge channel. The bottom of the container is provided with multiple drainage outlets, and the upper side wall of the container is provided with an overflow outlet. The recharge channel includes a drainage pipe and a recharge device. The drainage pipe is connected to the container, and the recharge device is connected to one side of the container and inserted into the soil. The recharge device has multiple seepage holes. A buffer unit is disposed on the soil surface and corresponds to the lower part of the water collection mechanism. The buffer unit is made of crushed stone piled up to a predetermined thickness. Rainwater discharged from the drainage outlet can enter the buffer unit and infiltrate into the soil.

2. The soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil has a accommodating cavity for accommodating the gravel, and the buffer unit includes an isolation layer laid on the outer periphery of the bottom of the gravel.

3. The soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the buffer unit is covered with a permeable layer, which can keep the soil surface flat.

4. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container has multiple guide plates on its inner peripheral wall, and the multiple guide plates extend in the vertical direction.

5. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow outlet and the drain pipe are located on the same side of the container, and the overflow outlet is connected to the drain pipe.

6. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power station includes photovoltaic panels, brackets, and purlins. Multiple purlins are arranged around the outer periphery of the photovoltaic panels, and multiple brackets for mounting the photovoltaic panels are installed on the purlins. The water collection mechanism is provided with a mounting base that is detachably connected to the brackets.

7. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the photovoltaic panel, the water collection mechanism has multiple spaced-apart recharge channels, and the length direction of the recharge device is perpendicular to the length direction of the drain pipe.

8. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container is equipped with a coarse filter at the top, which prevents debris from entering the container.

9. A soil conservation device for agricultural photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container has a sedimentation zone at the bottom and a removable drain outlet on the bottom wall.

10. A conservation method, characterized in that, A soil conservation device for use in an agricultural photovoltaic power station as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Site survey and parameter setting: Obtain and set site parameters, including determining the arrangement of photovoltaic modules, the lower edge height of the containers, crop type, soil texture and slope; determine the spacing and width of drainage outlets based on the parameters, and set the number and drainage direction of recharge channels; Installation: Fix the water collection mechanism to the bracket, keeping a preset distance between the water collection mechanism and the edge of the photovoltaic panel; set a buffer unit at the corresponding soil surface position below the water collection mechanism; install the recharge device of the recharge channel in the soil below the projection center of the photovoltaic power station; Operation: When the water level is lower than the flood discharge level, rainwater flows out through multiple drainage outlets and infiltrates into the soil through the buffer unit; at the same time, some rainwater is slowly replenished to the central area of ​​the soil at the bottom of the photovoltaic power station through the recharge channel; when the water level rises to the flood discharge level, rainwater is quickly discharged through the overflow outlet and scours the inside of the container.

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