Integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system, and relates to the technical field of 3D printers, the integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system comprises a rack, an extrusion assembly, a first slide way, a second slide way and a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly comprises a mounting cylinder, a slide block and a material pipe, a nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the material pipe, and a heating block is arranged on the outer wall, located in the mounting cylinder, of the material pipe; the two pushing assemblies are arranged at the end of the second sliding way and the side, away from the first sliding way, of the middle of the second sliding way correspondingly and used for controlling the spray head assembly to move. In the initial state, the spray head assemblies are all located in the second sliding way, the pushing assembly at the end of the second sliding way can adjust the positions of the multiple spray head assemblies, and the specific spray head assembly located at the communicating position of the first sliding way and the second sliding way is controlled; the nozzle assembly corresponding to the first slide way can be pushed into the first slide way and finally reaches the working position, located below the extrusion assembly, of the end of the first slide way.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 3D printer technology, specifically to an FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control. Background Technology

[0002] Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, as one of the mainstream technologies in the 3D printing field, is widely used in product development, mold manufacturing, education and training due to its advantages such as low equipment cost, simple operation, and wide material compatibility. With the continuous upgrading of printing demands, single-nozzle FDM equipment can no longer meet the printing needs of complex components—for example, the need to use consumables of different colors and performance in the same printing task, or the need to use different precision printheads for different parts of the component. Therefore, multi-nozzle switching systems have become an important development direction for FDM equipment.

[0003] To achieve multi-head switching functionality, existing technologies typically employ a design where each printhead is equipped with a separate extrusion assembly, meaning each printhead has its own independent feeding mechanism, drive motor, and transmission components. While this design ensures the independence and stability of each individual printhead during operation, it has significant drawbacks: Firstly, the configuration of multiple extrusion assemblies significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the equipment, requiring additional investment in drive and transmission components beyond the printheads, and also increasing assembly and subsequent maintenance costs. Secondly, the stacking of multiple extrusion assemblies significantly increases the overall weight of the equipment, especially increasing the load on moving parts such as the printhead mounting bracket. This not only reduces the response speed and motion accuracy of the moving parts but also easily leads to increased vibration during equipment operation, thereby affecting the quality of the printed parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control. In the initial state, all nozzle assemblies are located in the second slide. The pushing component at the end of the second slide can adjust the position of several nozzle assemblies, controlling which nozzle assembly is located at the connection between the first and second slides. Through the pushing component in the middle of the second slide, the nozzle assembly corresponding to the first slide can be pushed into the first slide, and finally reach the working position at the end of the first slide below the extrusion assembly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control, comprising a frame on which an extrusion assembly is mounted; a first slide rail disposed on the frame below the extrusion assembly; a second slide rail disposed on the frame with its middle portion communicating with the first slide rail; a nozzle assembly comprising a mounting cylinder, a slider fixedly sleeved on the outside of the mounting cylinder, the slider slidingly engaging with the first and second slide rails, a material tube concentrically disposed inside the mounting cylinder with its upper end passing through the mounting cylinder, a nozzle disposed at the lower end of the material tube, and a heating block disposed on the nozzle; and two pushing assemblies, the two pushing assemblies being respectively disposed at the end of the second slide rail and on the side of the middle of the second slide rail away from the first slide rail for controlling the movement of the nozzle assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the pushing component includes: a housing, the housing having an arcuate groove inside, and a straight groove communicating with the arcuate groove and passing through the outer wall of the housing at the lower part of the housing; a chain, the chain being slidably engaged with the arcuate groove, the straight groove, the first slide rail, and the second slide rail, a control block being provided at the end of the chain away from the housing, the control block cooperating with the slider; a drive motor, the drive motor being located in the middle of the housing, a control rod being provided on the output shaft of the drive motor, an arcuate through hole communicating with the arcuate groove being provided on the housing, a control shaft being provided at the end of the chain away from the control block passing through the arcuate through hole, and the end of the control rod being rotatably connected to the control shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the extrusion assembly includes: a main mounting base disposed on the frame, the main mounting base having a vertically formed receiving groove for the material tube to enter; a secondary mounting base disposed on the main mounting base, with two synchronous gears rotatably disposed between the main mounting base and the secondary mounting base, the two synchronous gears meshing, extrusion wheels concentrically disposed on the synchronous gears, the distance between adjacent sides of the two extrusion wheels being within the receiving groove; and an extrusion motor disposed on the main mounting base, the extrusion motor having an output wheel at its output end, a first transmission wheel rotatably disposed on the main mounting base, the first transmission wheel meshing with the output wheel, a second transmission wheel concentrically disposed on the first transmission wheel, the second transmission wheel meshing with one of the synchronous gears.

[0008] Preferably, the main mounting base and the auxiliary mounting base each have two horizontally formed slotted holes on adjacent sides, and a rotating shaft is provided between the opposing slotted holes. The synchronous gear and the extrusion wheel are both fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and the end of the rotating shaft engages with the slotted holes. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the main mounting base, and a control plate is mounted on the rotating shaft. L-shaped plates are provided at both ends of the control plate, and arc-shaped holes are provided on both sides of the control plate and on the plate body of the L-shaped plates away from the control plate. The rotating shaft slides in cooperation with the corresponding arc-shaped holes. An operation plate is provided on the control plate, and an operation shaft is provided at the upper end of the operation plate. A servo motor is mounted on the frame, and a rotating plate is provided on the output shaft of the servo motor. An oblong hole is provided on the rotating plate, and the operation shaft is slidably mounted in the oblong hole.

[0009] Preferably, the axis of the arc hole is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the control board has positioning holes on both sides, the main mounting base has mounting holes, and a spring plunger is installed in the mounting holes, with the ball bearing of the spring plunger engaging with the positioning holes.

[0011] Preferably, the first slide rail is an upwardly extending arc shape, and the second slide rail is located at the upper end of the first slide rail.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding plate is slidably disposed on the side of the second slide away from the pushing component, and a telescopic rod is disposed on the inner side of the end of the second slide away from the pushing component. The telescopic rod is arranged along the length direction of the second slide, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the sliding plate and the other end is connected to the second slide, and a compression spring is disposed on the telescopic rod. One end of the compression spring is connected to the sliding plate and the other end is connected to the second slide.

[0013] Preferably, the slider is provided with a first magnet corresponding to the control block, and the control block is provided with a second magnet that magnetically engages with the first magnet.

[0014] Preferably, a third magnet and a fourth magnet are respectively provided on both sides of the slider, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet on two adjacent sliders are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The system utilizes a base frame, first slide rail, second slide rail, printhead assembly, and push assembly to achieve flexible switching and temperature control of multiple printheads. The heating block outside the feed tube in the printhead assembly pre-controls the temperature of the consumables, heating them before they are used. This prevents incomplete melting or clogging of the consumables at the nozzle due to sudden temperature changes after printhead assembly replacement, thus improving print quality. Initially, all printhead assemblies are located within the second slide rail. The push assembly at the end of the second slide rail adjusts the position of several printhead assemblies, controlling which printhead assembly is located at the connection between the first and second slide rails. The push assembly in the middle of the second slide rail pushes the corresponding printhead assembly into the first slide rail, finally reaching the working position below the extrusion assembly at the end of the first slide rail. The extrusion assembly then performs the extrusion operation. Only one extrusion assembly is needed, reducing equipment assembly and subsequent maintenance costs. Furthermore, a single extrusion assembly reduces overall weight, improves movement response speed, reduces vibration during equipment operation, and ensures print quality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention to highlight the first slide, the second slide, the pushing assembly, and the nozzle assembly; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle assembly used in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention to highlight the first slide, the second slide, and the pushing component; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion assembly and nozzle assembly used in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention used to highlight the main mounting base and the extrusion motor; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base and the strip hole used in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, highlighting the output wheel, the first transmission wheel, and the extrusion wheel; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control panel and L-shaped panel used in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 10. Frame; 20. Extrusion assembly; 21. Main mounting base; 211. Receiving groove; 212. Spring plunger; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Secondary mounting base; 24. Synchronizing gear; 25. Extrusion wheel; 26. Extrusion motor; 261. Output wheel; 262. First transmission wheel; 263. Second transmission wheel; 27. Strip-shaped hole; 271. Rotating shaft; 28. Control panel; 281. L-shaped plate; 282. Arc hole; 283. Operation panel; 284. Operation shaft; 285. Servo motor; 286. Rotating plate; 287. 288. Waist-shaped hole; 30. Positioning hole; 31. First slide rail; 32. Second slide rail; 43. Nozzle assembly; 44. Mounting cylinder; 45. Slider; 46. First magnet; 47. Third magnet; 48. Material tube; 49. Nozzle; 50. Pushing assembly; 51. Housing; 52. Arc groove; 53. Straight through groove; 54. Chain; 55. Control block; 56. Second magnet; 57. Drive motor; 58. Control rod; 59. Arc through hole; 60. Control shaft; 61. Sliding plate; 62. Telescopic rod; 63. Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. The various embodiments of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention preferably provides the following technical solution: an FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control, including a frame 10, on which an extrusion assembly 20 is mounted; a first slide 30, which is mounted on the frame 10 below the extrusion assembly 20; a second slide 31, which is mounted on the frame 10 and its middle part communicates with the first slide 30; a nozzle assembly 40, which includes a mounting cylinder 41, a slider 42 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the mounting cylinder 41, the slider 42 slidingly engaging with the first slide 30 and the second slide 31, a material tube 43 concentrically arranged inside the mounting cylinder 41, the upper end of which passes through the mounting cylinder 41, a nozzle 44 is arranged at the lower end of the material tube 43, and a heating block is arranged on the nozzle 44; and two push assemblies 50, which are respectively arranged at the end of the second slide 31 and the middle of the second slide 31 away from the first slide 30, for controlling the movement of the nozzle assembly 40.

[0020] Specifically, the first slide rail 30 includes two spaced-apart first grooves, the ends of which are connected by a first fixing plate. The second slide rail 31 includes spaced-apart second grooves, both ends of which are connected by a second fixing plate, with one of the second grooves having a notch for connection to the two first grooves. Different types or colors of filaments are inserted into the feed tubes 43 of the multiple nozzle assemblies 40. The heating block is a current technology in existing printers; it heats up when powered on to melt the filaments. A heating seat is provided at the upper end of the nozzle 44, and the heating block is embedded in the heating seat. A temperature sensor is provided on the heating block, and both the temperature sensor and the heating block are electrically connected to the controller of the 3D printer to achieve adjustable temperature pre-control of the nozzle 44.

[0021] This invention, through a base frame, a first slide rail 30, a second slide rail 31, a printhead assembly 40, and a pushing assembly 50, achieves flexible switching and temperature control of multiple printheads. The heating block outside the feed tube 43 in the printhead assembly 40 can pre-control the temperature of the consumables, heating them before they are used. This avoids problems such as insufficient melting or clogging of the consumables at the nozzle 44 due to sudden temperature changes after replacing the printhead assembly 40, thus improving print quality. In the initial state, all printhead assemblies 40 are located within the second slide rail 31. The pushing component 50 at the end of the second slide rail 31 can adjust the position of several printhead assemblies 40, controlling which printhead assembly 40 is located at the connection between the first slide rail 30 and the second slide rail 31. Through the pushing component 50 in the middle of the second slide rail 31, the printhead assembly 40 corresponding to the first slide rail 30 can be pushed into the first slide rail 30, finally reaching the working position at the end of the first slide rail 30 below the extrusion component 20, where the extrusion operation is performed by the extrusion component 20. Only one set of extrusion component 20 is required, reducing the assembly and subsequent maintenance costs of the equipment. Furthermore, one set of extrusion component 20 reduces the overall weight, improves the movement response speed, reduces vibration during equipment operation, and ensures the printing quality of the printed parts.

[0022] Furthermore, the driving component 50 includes: a housing 51, in which an arcuate groove 52 is provided, and a straight through groove 53 is provided at the lower part of the housing 51, which communicates with the arcuate groove 52 and passes through the outer wall of the housing 51; a chain 54, which is slidably engaged with the arcuate groove 52, the straight through groove 53, the first slide rail 30, and the second slide rail 31, and a control block 55 is provided at the end of the chain 54 away from the housing 51, which cooperates with the slider 42; a drive motor 56, which is located in the middle of the housing 51, and a control rod 57 is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor 56; an arcuate through hole 58 communicating with the arcuate groove 52 is provided on the housing 51; a control shaft 59 passing through the arcuate through hole 58 is provided at the end of the chain 54 away from the control block 55; and the end of the control rod 57 is rotatably connected to the control shaft 59.

[0023] Specifically, the axis of the output shaft of the drive motor 56 coincides with the axis of the arc groove 52. The second slide and the second fixing plate have through slots corresponding to the straight groove 53 for the chain 54 to pass through. The drive motor 56 is electrically connected to the controller of the 3D printer, which controls its operation according to the consumables required for printing.

[0024] Combination Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the drive motor 56 drives the control rod 57 to rotate, and the control shaft 59 pulls the chain 54 to slide within the arc groove 52 and the straight groove 53, thereby driving the nozzle assembly 40 to move via the control block 55. The sliding cooperation between the chain 54 and the first slide rail 30 and the second slide rail 31 ensures stable power transmission and controls the start, stop and displacement of the nozzle assembly 40, providing a guarantee for the reliability of multi-nozzle switching.

[0025] Further, the extrusion assembly 20 includes: a main mounting base 21, which is mounted on the frame 10, and has a vertically formed receiving groove 211 for the feed pipe 43 to enter; a secondary mounting base 23, which is mounted on the main mounting base 21, and has two synchronous gears 24 rotatably arranged between the main mounting base 21 and the secondary mounting base 23, the two synchronous gears 24 meshing, and extrusion wheels 25 concentrically arranged on the synchronous gears 24, with the distance between the adjacent sides of the two extrusion wheels 25 located within the receiving groove 211; and an extrusion motor 26, which is mounted on the main mounting base 21, and has an output wheel 261 at its output end, a first transmission wheel 262 rotatably arranged on the main mounting base 21, the first transmission wheel 262 meshing with the output wheel 261, and a second transmission wheel 263 concentrically arranged on the first transmission wheel 262, the second transmission wheel 263 meshing with one of the synchronous gears 24.

[0026] Specifically, the diameter of the second drive wheel 263 is smaller than the diameter of the first drive wheel 262, and the diameter of the output wheel 261 is smaller than the diameter of the second drive wheel 263.

[0027] like Figure 5-9 As shown, the synchronous gear 24 and the extrusion wheel 25 are installed through the cooperation of the main mounting base 21 and the auxiliary mounting base 23. The meshing synchronous gear 24 enables the dual extrusion wheels 25 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, ensuring uniform clamping force on the consumables in the feed tube 43 and preventing consumables from shifting or slipping during feeding. The extrusion motor 26 drives the synchronous gear 24 through the output wheel 261, the first transmission wheel 262, and the second transmission wheel 263, making power transmission smoother and torque more stable, effectively reducing problems such as feeding interruption and uneven feeding amount, and ensuring the continuity of consumable supply.

[0028] Furthermore, two horizontally spaced slotted holes 27 are provided on adjacent sides of the main mounting base 21 and the auxiliary mounting base 23. A rotating shaft 271 is provided between the opposing slotted holes 27. The synchronous gear 24 and the extrusion wheel 25 are both fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 271. The end of the rotating shaft 271 mates with the slotted hole 27. A rotating shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the main mounting base 21. A control plate 28 is mounted on the rotating shaft 22. L-shaped plates 281 are provided at both ends of the control plate 28. Arc holes 282 are provided on the side and on the L-shaped plate 281 away from the control plate 28. The rotating shaft 271 slides with the corresponding arc holes 282. An operation plate 283 is provided on the control plate 28. An operation shaft 284 is provided on the upper end of the operation plate 283. A servo motor 285 is provided on the frame 10. A rotating plate 286 is provided on the output shaft of the servo motor 285. An oblong hole 287 is provided on the rotating plate 286. The operation shaft 284 is slidably disposed in the oblong hole 287.

[0029] Specifically, a wear-resistant bushing is installed inside the strip-shaped hole 27, and the end of the rotating shaft 271 slides in contact with the inner wall of the wear-resistant bushing. When the two rotating shafts 271 slide away from each other, the two synchronous gears 24 and the synchronous gear 24 and the second transmission wheel 263 will slightly separate, but the corresponding teeth will still be in the tooth groove. After the two rotating shafts 271 slide back to their original position, the two synchronous gears 24 and the synchronous gear 24 and the second transmission wheel 263 will re-mesh.

[0030] like Figure 5-9 As shown, the rotating shaft 271 is adjustable via the slotted hole 27. Combined with the servo motor 285 driving the rotating plate 286, which in turn drives the operating shaft 284 and the control plate 28, the control plate 28 and the L-shaped plate 281 pull the rotating shaft 271 along the slotted hole 27 through the arc-shaped hole 282, thereby adjusting the spacing between the dual extrusion wheels 25. When replacing the nozzle assembly 40, the clamping and releasing of the consumable filament connected to the nozzle assembly 40 is achieved by adjusting the spacing between the dual extrusion wheels 25.

[0031] Furthermore, the axis of the arc hole 282 is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 22.

[0032] like Figure 6 , 9 As shown, the eccentric arrangement of the arc hole 282 and the rotating shaft 22 allows the arc hole 282 to generate a more reasonable traction force and adjustment stroke on the rotating shaft 271 through the eccentric trajectory when the control plate 28 rotates, ensuring the smoothness of the rotating shaft 271 when it moves along the strip hole 27.

[0033] Furthermore, positioning holes 288 are provided on both sides of the control board 28, and mounting holes are provided on the main mounting base 21. Spring plungers 212 are provided in the mounting holes, and the balls of the spring plungers 212 cooperate with the positioning holes 288.

[0034] like Figure 9 As shown, the cooperation between the spring plunger 212 and the positioning hole 288 provides a reliable positioning and limiting function for the control board 28. When the control board 28 drives the extrusion wheel 25 to adjust and clamp the filament, the ball of the spring plunger 212 is engaged in the corresponding positioning hole 288. With the output shaft limitation of the servo motor 285, the control board 28 is further prevented from shifting due to vibration and other factors during the printing process. This avoids the change in the spacing of the extrusion wheel 25 from affecting the feeding accuracy and improves the stability and reliability of the extrusion assembly 20.

[0035] Furthermore, the first slide rail 30 is an upward-extending arc shape, and the second slide rail 31 is located at the upper end of the first slide rail 30.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the arc-shaped upward extension of the first slide rail 30 and its connection with the second slide rail 31 at the upper end allow the non-working nozzle assembly 40 to be stored upward along the arc-shaped first slide rail 30, preventing the unused nozzle assembly 40 from being at the same height as the working nozzle assembly 40 and interfering with the printing platform or the printed model.

[0037] Furthermore, a sliding plate 60 is slidably disposed on the side of the second slide rail 31 away from the pushing component 50, and a telescopic rod 61 is disposed on the inner side of the end of the second slide rail 31 away from the pushing component 50. The telescopic rod 61 is arranged along the length direction of the second slide rail 31, one end of the telescopic rod 61 is connected to the sliding plate 60 and the other end is connected to the second slide rail 31, and a compression spring 62 is disposed on the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod 61. One end of the compression spring 62 is connected to the sliding plate 60 and the other end is connected to the second slide rail 31.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the combined structure of the sliding plate 60, the telescopic rod 61 and the compression spring 62 forms a limiting structure. Under the action of the compression spring 62, the sliding plate 60 can obtain thrust, ensuring that the nozzle assembly 40 in the second slide 31 is in contact with each other.

[0039] Furthermore, the slider 42 is provided with a first magnet 421 corresponding to the control block 55, and the control block 55 is provided with a second magnet 551 that magnetically engages with the first magnet 421.

[0040] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the magnetic attraction structure between the slider 42 and the control block 55 creates a detachable rigid connection between the push assembly 50 and the nozzle assembly 40, ensuring accurate power transmission when the control block 55 drives the slider 42. Compared to mechanical snap-fit ​​structures, the magnetic connection method is more convenient to operate and can adapt to minor deviations during movement, reducing wear on the connection parts and improving the reliability and ease of maintenance.

[0041] Furthermore, a third magnet 422 and a fourth magnet are respectively provided on both sides of the slider 42, and the third magnet 422 and the fourth magnet on two adjacent sliders 42 are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic attraction between the third magnet 422 and the fourth magnet on the adjacent slider 42 enables multiple nozzle assemblies 40 to be attracted and positioned together when they are housed in the slide, thus preventing the nozzle assemblies 40 from shifting or colliding due to equipment vibration or movement when not in operation, and ensuring that they can be moved synchronously within the second slide 31.

[0043] The operating principle of the FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control in this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, all nozzle assemblies 40 are located in the second slide rail 31. The third magnet 422 and the fourth magnet on the slider 42 of two adjacent nozzle assemblies 40 magnetically attract each other to achieve positioning. At the same time, the compression spring 62 in the second slide rail 31 applies a pushing force to the nozzle assemblies 40 through the sliding plate 60 to ensure that they are in contact with each other. When a printing job is required, the push component 50 at the end of the second slide 31 first adjusts the position of the nozzle assembly 40 in the second slide 31, so that the nozzle assembly 40 loaded with the target filament moves to the connection between the first slide 30 and the second slide 31. The heating block of the target nozzle assembly 40 is preheated under the control of the controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor to achieve pre-control of the temperature of the filament in the feed tube 43. Then, the push component 50 on the side of the second slide 31 away from the first slide 30 is activated, and its drive motor 56 drives the control rod 57 to rotate. The control rod 57 pulls the chain 54 through the control shaft 59 to slide in the arc groove 52, the straight groove 53 and the slide. The control block 55 at the end of the chain 54 drives the target nozzle assembly 40 to slide along the first slide 30 through the magnetic attraction of the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 551 on the slider 42, so that the target nozzle assembly 40 finally reaches the working position at the end of the first slide 30 below the extrusion component 20. Next, the servo motor 285 of the extrusion assembly 20 drives the rotating plate 286 to rotate. The rotating plate 286 drives the operating shaft 284 and the control plate 28 to rotate around the rotating shaft 22 through the waist-shaped hole 287. The control plate 28 and the L-shaped plate 281 pull the rotating shaft 271 to move along the strip hole 27 through the arc hole 282, thereby adjusting the distance between the two extrusion wheels 25 to clamp the material tube 43 of the target nozzle assembly 40. At this time, the ball of the spring plunger 212 in the mounting hole on the main mounting base 21 will be engaged in the positioning hole 288 of the control plate 28 to achieve positioning. Then the extrusion motor 26 starts, and the output wheel 261 at its output end drives the first transmission wheel 262 to rotate. The first transmission wheel 262 drives the synchronous gear 24 to rotate through the second transmission wheel 263. The meshing synchronous gear 24 drives the two extrusion wheels 25 to rotate in opposite directions synchronously, which conveys the consumable filament in the feed tube 43 downward. After the consumable filament is heated and melted by the heating block, it is extruded from the nozzle 44 to complete the current stage of printing operation. If the printhead assembly 40 needs to be replaced during the printing process, the extrusion motor 26 first stops working, the servo motor 285 drives the rotating plate 286 to rotate in the opposite direction, which drives the control plate 28 to adjust the spacing of the extrusion wheel 25 so that the material tube 43 is released, and the ball of the spring plunger 212 disengages from the positioning hole 288; then the pushing component 50 in the middle of the second slide 31 operates in the opposite direction, and through the chain 54 and the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 551 of the control block 55, it drives the currently working printhead assembly 40 to slide back into the second slide 31 along the first slide 30, and the third magnet 422 and the fourth magnet of the adjacent printhead assembly 40 are repositioned by magnetic attraction; Next, the pushing component 50 at the end of the second slide 31 adjusts the position of the printhead assembly 40 again, moving the target printhead assembly 40 loaded with the new type or new color filament to the connection between the first slide 30 and the second slide 31. The heating block of the new printhead assembly 40 is preheated by power to pre-control the temperature. Then, the above pushing, clamping, positioning and extrusion steps are repeated. The new printhead assembly 40 is in place and the extrusion operation is started, realizing the rapid replacement of the printhead assembly 40 during the printing process.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms “installation,” “connection,” “linking,” “fixing,” etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. There are various ways to install detachably, such as by using a plug-in and snap-fit ​​method, or by using a bolt connection, etc.

[0045] The above embodiments, which describe the specific features of the present invention, are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control, characterized in that, include: A frame (10) on which an extrusion assembly (20) is provided; A first slide (30) is disposed on the frame (10) below the extrusion assembly (20); The second slide (31) is disposed on the frame (10) and its middle part is connected to the first slide (30); The nozzle assembly (40) includes a mounting cylinder (41), a slider (42) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the mounting cylinder (41), the slider (42) slides in cooperation with the first slide rail (30) and the second slide rail (31), and a material tube (43) with its upper end passing through the mounting cylinder (41) is concentrically arranged inside the mounting cylinder (41), and a nozzle (44) is arranged at the lower end of the material tube (43), and a heating block is arranged on the nozzle (44); There are two push components (50), which are respectively disposed at the end of the second slide (31) and the middle of the second slide (31) away from the first slide (30) to control the movement of the nozzle assembly (40).

2. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuation component (50) includes: The housing (51) has an arc groove (52) inside, and a straight groove (53) is also provided at the lower part of the housing (51) to connect the arc groove (52) and pass through the outer wall of the housing (51). The chain (54) is slidably engaged with the arc groove (52), the straight groove (53), the first slide rail (30), and the second slide rail (31). A control block (55) is provided at the end of the chain (54) away from the housing (51), and the control block (55) engages with the slider (42). A drive motor (56) is located in the middle of the housing (51). A control rod (57) is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor (56). An arc-shaped through hole (58) communicating with the arc groove (52) is provided on the housing (51). A control shaft (59) passing through the arc-shaped through hole (58) is provided at the end of the chain (54) away from the control block (55). The end of the control rod (57) is rotatably connected to the control shaft (59).

3. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly (20) includes: Main mounting base (21), the main mounting base (21) is mounted on the frame (10), and the main mounting base (21) is vertically provided with a receiving groove (211) for the material pipe (43) to enter; A secondary mounting base (23) is disposed on the main mounting base (21). Two synchronous gears (24) are rotatably disposed between the main mounting base (21) and the secondary mounting base (23). The two synchronous gears (24) mesh with each other. An extrusion wheel (25) is concentrically disposed on the synchronous gear (24). The distance between the adjacent sides of the two extrusion wheels (25) is located within the receiving groove (211). An extrusion motor (26) is mounted on a main mounting base (21). An output wheel (261) is provided at the output end of the extrusion motor (26). A first transmission wheel (262) is rotatably mounted on the main mounting base (21). The first transmission wheel (262) meshes with the output wheel (261). A second transmission wheel (263) is concentrically mounted on the first transmission wheel (262). The second transmission wheel (263) meshes with one of the synchronous gears (24).

4. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main mounting base (21) and the auxiliary mounting base (23) each have two horizontally formed slotted holes (27) on adjacent sides. A rotating shaft (271) is provided between the opposing slotted holes (27). The synchronous gear (24) and the extrusion wheel (25) are both fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (271). The end of the rotating shaft (271) engages with the slotted holes (27). A rotating shaft (22) is rotatably mounted on the main mounting base (21). A control plate (28) is mounted on the rotating shaft (22). L-shaped plates (281) are provided at both ends of the control plate (28). The control plate (28) is positioned with L-shaped plates (281) on both sides. The L-shaped plate (281) away from the control plate (28) is provided with arc holes (282), the rotating shaft (271) is slidably engaged with the corresponding arc holes (282), the control plate (28) is provided with an operation plate (283), the operation plate (283) is provided with an operation shaft (284) at its upper end, the frame (10) is provided with a servo motor (285), the output shaft of the servo motor (285) is provided with a rotating plate (286), the rotating plate (286) is provided with an oblong hole (287), and the operation shaft (284) is slidably disposed in the oblong hole (287).

5. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axis of the arc hole (282) is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft (22).

6. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control board (28) has positioning holes (288) on both sides, and the main mounting base (21) has mounting holes. A spring plunger (212) is installed in the mounting holes, and the ball of the spring plunger (212) cooperates with the positioning holes (288).

7. The FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first slide (30) is an upward-extending arc shape, and the second slide (31) is located at the upper end of the first slide (30).

8. The FDM multi-nozzle switching system with integrated temperature pre-control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding plate (60) is slidably disposed on the side of the second slide rail (31) away from the push assembly (50). A telescopic rod (61) is disposed on the inner side of the end of the second slide rail (31) away from the push assembly (50). The telescopic rod (61) is arranged along the length direction of the second slide rail (31). One end of the telescopic rod (61) is connected to the sliding plate (60) and the other end is connected to the second slide rail (31). A compression spring (62) is disposed on the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod (61). One end of the compression spring (62) is connected to the sliding plate (60) and the other end is connected to the second slide rail (31).

9. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slider (42) is provided with a first magnet (421) corresponding to the control block (55), and the control block (55) is provided with a second magnet (551) that magnetically engages with the first magnet (421).

10. The integrated temperature pre-control FDM multi-nozzle switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third magnet (422) and a fourth magnet are respectively provided on both sides of the slider (42), and the third magnet (422) and the fourth magnet on two adjacent sliders (42) are magnetically attracted to each other.

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