Hair seed feeding and opening device and feeding system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rough seed feeding and opening device and a feeding system, and the rough seed feeding and opening device comprises a rack; lattice bar gaps are formed between lattice bars in the lattice bar row; the top circle radius of the feeding roller and the impeller is larger than the first distance from the upper surface of the lattice bar row to the axis of the first shaft. The opening roller comprises a second shaft and an opening nail group which is axially distributed on the second shaft; the top circle radius of the opening nail group is greater than a second distance from the upper surface of the lattice bar row to the axis of the second shaft; the receiving hopper is used for receiving the rough seeds falling through the lattice bar row; and a material conveying auger. The rough seed feeding and opening device is beneficial to smooth feeding and impurity removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for loosening cottonseed during feeding, and to a feeding system equipped with a cottonseed feeding loosening apparatus. The cottonseed is the seed produced after cotton ginning; it is called cottonseed because some cotton fibers remain on it. Background Technology

[0002] Cottonseed delinting is a type of mechanical delinting (cottonseed delinting is divided into mechanical delinting and chemical delinting, with mechanical delinting being the primary method), used to remove the short fibers remaining on the outside of cotton seeds after ginning. Relatively speaking, delinted cottonseed has a germination rate 11-25% higher than unlinted cottonseed. In other words, cottonseed delinting not only obtains short fibers but also further improves the germination rate. Therefore, delinting is one of the main processes in cotton processing.

[0003] Because the quality of cottonseed used for delinting varies greatly, the saw-tooth gins commonly used in cotton processing lines subject the cottonseeds to intense friction and tearing, especially when the cottonseeds are low in maturity and have a high moisture content, easily forming seed debris. This often results in problems such as clumping, inconsistent particle size, and surface contamination. Prolonged storage or high-humidity environments can also cause cottonseeds to clump together. Some individual vendors or unscrupulous merchants may adulterate the seeds to increase weight for profit, further complicating cottonseed cleaning and increasing processing costs. In actual mechanical delinting processes, several problems remain. For example, after exiting the feed hopper, the tightly tangled clumps of cottonseed often lead to inefficient subsequent cleaning processes.

[0004] For small delinting machines, manual feeding can be used, and the problem of clumps of wool seeds has a relatively small impact, but the operator still needs to shake the clumps apart by hand. Modern factory operations have almost completely eliminated manual feeding, replacing it with a seed feeding device (also known as a feed unit). A common wool seed feeding device is a double-roller feeding device, which has a pair of opposing rotating rollers, usually one fixed and the other movable. The feeding process involves wool seeds falling from the upper hopper between the two rollers. The rollers, under the action of friction, draw the material in and push it to the subsequent working area, which is usually the delinting chamber of the delinting machine. By controlling the rotation speed of the movable roller to adapt to the quality of the wool seeds, a relatively constant feed rate is ensured, avoiding blockages or idling.

[0005] The double roller feeding device cannot solve the problem of cottonseed clumping due to factors such as the presence of granules or high humidity. On the contrary, due to the clamping and feeding, the cottonseed clumps may become more tightly bound, making them more prone to clogging.

[0006] As mentioned earlier, the impurity content of the wool seeds needs to be considered before delinting. Therefore, in some implementations, it is necessary to remove impurities from the wool seeds before feeding them into the delinting machine. Tightly bonded wool seeds will affect the removal of impurities.

[0007] It should be noted that the above background technology is technical information acquired by the inventor in order to deduce the relevant technical problems or obtained in the process of designing the present invention, and does not mean that the above background technology was already prior art before this application, especially the technical content of the cognition and confirmation of the relevant technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed feeding and loosening device that facilitates smooth feeding and cleaning. This invention also provides a feeding system equipped with the seed feeding and loosening device.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a seed feeding and loosening device is provided, comprising: frame; A grid strip is placed horizontally on the frame to receive incoming materials, and the grid strips extend in the front-to-back direction of the frame, forming grid strip gaps between the grid strips; The feeding roller is located below the grid bar array and includes a first shaft and impellers distributed axially along the first shaft. The impellers are aligned one-to-one with the grid bar gaps along the first shaft axis, and the top circle radius of the impeller is greater than the first distance from the upper surface of the grid bar array to the axis of the first shaft. The opening roller, located below the grid bar row and in front of the feeding roller, includes a second shaft and an opening pin group distributed axially on the second shaft; the opening pin group is aligned one-to-one with the grid bar gap on the second shaft axis, and the top circle radius of the opening pin group is greater than the second distance from the upper surface of the grid bar row to the axis of the second shaft. A receiving hopper, located below the grid, collects the raw seeds falling through the grid; the lower end of the receiving hopper has a discharge port. A conveying auger is installed at the discharge port to receive the raw seeds discharged from the hopper through the discharge port.

[0010] Optionally, the grid spacing is 35~70mm; The impeller has a width of 3mm to 5mm along the first shaft axis and is centered in relation to the spacing of the corresponding grid bars. The width of the loosening pin in the loosening pin group is 30mm~35mm in the second axis direction, and it is centered in relation to the gap of the corresponding grid strip, and the width of the loosening pin is positively correlated with the gap of the grid strip.

[0011] Optionally, the grid strip is a cylindrical grid strip, a square prism grid strip, or a triangular prism grid strip; If the grid strips are cylindrical, the diameter of the grid strips is Φ30mm~Φ50mm; If it is a quadrangular prism lattice, the upper side of the quadrangular prism lattice falls within the upper surface of the lattice row, and the width of the upper side is 25mm~70mm. If it is a triangular prism lattice, the upper side of the triangular prism lies within the upper surface of the lattice strip, and the width of the upper side is 25mm~70mm.

[0012] Optionally, the impeller blades are plate-shaped blades, with the width of the cross-section being 3mm to 5mm and the length being 30mm to 40mm.

[0013] Optionally, the blades are provided with weight-reducing holes.

[0014] Optionally, the blades are arc-shaped blades, and an impeller includes 3 to 6 arc-shaped blades to form a vortex structure.

[0015] Optionally, the radius of the arc-shaped blade is R600mm~R750mm.

[0016] Optionally, the loosening pins in the loosening pin group are loosening pins that extend radially on the second shaft.

[0017] Optionally, the loosening screw assembly includes 3 to 5 loosening units, each loosening unit including two loosening screws, with an included angle of 30° to 45° between the two loosening screws.

[0018] Optionally, the first distance is 0.2 to 0.7 times the radius of the top circle of the feed roller; The second distance is 0.3 to 0.6 times the radius of the top circle of the opening roller.

[0019] Optionally, the distance between the first axis and the second axis is 1.1 to 1.3 times the radius of the top circle of the feed roller.

[0020] Optionally, the speed ratio between the first shaft and the second shaft is 1:100 to 1:150; The rotational speed of the first shaft is 0.5 r / min to 2 r / min.

[0021] Optionally, the first drive device for the feeding roller is located at the first end of the first shaft, and the second drive device for the opening roller is located at the second end of the second shaft; The first end is opposite to the second end.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a feeding system is provided, comprising: Feeder; The seed feeding and loosening device described in the first aspect of the present invention is located below the feeder to receive the seed fed by the feeder; Conveyor belt; receiving the opened wool seeds sent out by the conveying auger for feeding the delinting machine.

[0023] Optionally, a magnetic impurity removal device is provided at a predetermined position on the conveyor belt; The seeds conveyed by the conveyor belt are sent to the delinting machine after passing through a primary cleaning screen and a wind-powered seed cleaner.

[0024] Optionally, the feeder is equipped with a first dust suction hood, and the primary cleaning screen is equipped with a second dust suction hood; The first and second dust hoods are respectively equipped with pipes to connect to a predetermined dust removal device.

[0025] Existing cottonseed feeding systems lack components for loosening cottonseed, causing it to clump together easily due to factors such as moisture. This not only affects feeding smoothness but also easily clogs the feeding equipment. In the embodiments of this invention, a grid bar is first used to receive the incoming material. Loose cottonseed can fall directly through the gaps in the grid bar, while clumps of cottonseed remain on the grid bar. A feeding roller is then provided. The first shaft of the feeding roller is located below the grid bar, not affecting the incoming material. Simultaneously, its impeller can push the cottonseed upwards through the gaps in the grid bar, causing the clumps of cottonseed to move in a predetermined direction. An opening roller is provided in this target direction, with its second shaft also located below the grid bar. Opening pins can pass upwards through the gaps in the grid bar to loosen the cottonseed clumps, causing them to disperse and fall through the gaps. A receiving hopper is used below the grid bar to collect the material, and then a conveying auger transports the loosened cottonseed away. Because the loosening process breaks up the clumps of seeds, it facilitates smoother cleaning and feeding in subsequent processes. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding system structure in one embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of the seed feeding and loosening device in one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a seed feeding and loosening device in one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding roller in one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the feed roller in one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the opening roller in one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the opening roller structure from the right side in one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the feeding roller, the opening roller, and the grid strip in one embodiment.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Feeder, 2. First dust hood, 3. Seed feeding and loosening device, 4. First pipe, 5. Conveyor belt, 6. Magnetic impurity removal device, 7. Primary cleaning screen, 8. Second dust hood, 9. Second pipe, 10. Feeding auger, 11. Elevator, 12. Shaker, 13. Exhaust fan, 14. Air-powered seed cleaner, 15. Feeding auger, 16. Delinting machine, 17. Conveying auger, 18. Front bottom shell, 19. Feeding plate 20. Side plate, 21. Frame, 22. Feed roller, 23. Grid strip, 24. Opening roller, 25. Rear bottom shell, 26. Second motor, 27. Second reducer, 28. Second coupling, 29. First bearing housing, 30. First motor, 31. First reducer, 32. First coupling, 33. First shaft, 34. Feed blade, 35. Weight reduction hole, 36. Second shaft, 37. Opening pin, 38. Crossbeam. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 The figure shows a feeding system for feeding material to the target process equipment, namely the stripping machine 16 shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of the present invention. A conventional feeding system typically only has the feeder 1 shown in the figure, which also shows that the feeder 1 has two rollers to facilitate material feeding. The two rollers in the feeder 1 are the corresponding two rollers in the prior art cited in the background section.

[0036] In some implementations, existing feeding systems also have a device for cleaning the seeds, but as mentioned earlier, if the seeds clump together, the cleaning efficiency will decrease, which is not conducive to cleaning.

[0037] Given that some process equipment has been added in the embodiments of the present invention, the feeding has the characteristics of a production line. Therefore, there are front-stage process equipment and back-stage process equipment in the flow relationship. Here, front and back represent the sequential relationship of the process equipment acting on the material on the production line, which is different from the concept of front and back on process equipment.

[0038] For material handling equipment, the feed side is generally considered the front. If the feed is from above, then the discharge side determines the rear. If neither the feed nor discharge side is easily determined, for example, if the discharge is from the bottom, the front and rear can be roughly determined by the material flow direction within the equipment: the incoming direction is the front, and the destination direction is the rear. Figure 8 The grid row 23 shown is tilted, which causes the material to tend to move from left to right in the diagram. Thus, left corresponds to front and right corresponds to back in the diagram.

[0039] The front-to-back direction is also called the head-to-tail direction, length direction, or longitudinal direction. When the front and back are determined, the left and right directions are usually also determined. The left and right directions are also called the transverse direction or width direction. In the field of cotton processing technology, the transverse dimension used by cotton processing equipment to process cotton is also called the width.

[0040] Furthermore, in the mechanical field, "up" and "down" do not specifically refer to being directly above or below, but generally indicate a difference in elevation. In the embodiments of this invention, "up," "down," and other terms such as left, right, inside, outside, front, and back, as well as similar expressions, are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only, and are intended to prevent misunderstanding by those skilled in the art.

[0041] Similarly, statements that are mutually explanatory, such as vertical or horizontal, are also for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

[0042] Additionally, to facilitate the description of the relationship between one component or component and another component or component shown in the accompanying drawings, spatially relative terms, such as "lower," "upper," and similar terms, may be used in embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device during use and operation, in addition to those depicted in the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0044] Furthermore, as a special note, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] It should be understood that in the field of mechanics, standard geometric terms are typically used to describe approximate mechanical structures, without implying that the mechanical mechanism possesses the exact geometric characteristics corresponding to those terms. For example, the bolt head of a hexagonal head bolt is actually a hexagonal prism, and the ends of the bolt head are rounded.

[0046] Figure 1 In this design, the seed feeding and loosening device 3 is located below the feeder 1 to receive the seed stream fed by the feeder 1 and then loosen it. Since the feeder 1 is typically large and usually feeds from top to bottom, the lower part of the feeder 1 can be directly equipped with... Figure 1 One end of the conveyor belt 5 shown has a relatively large space underneath, which is suitable for the installation of the seed feeding and loosening device 3.

[0047] The seed feeding and loosening device 3 can have an independent frame 21, or the frame 21 can be the body of the feeder 1. The frame 21 will be described first, although it is not a core component, it is the mounting base for other equipment.

[0048] from Figure 2 , Figure 3 As can be seen in the figure, in the embodiment of the present invention, the frame 21 adopts a frame structure, which includes four columns. The four columns enclose a rectangular space. On the periphery of the rectangular space, adjacent columns are interconnected by longitudinal or transverse rods. The main functional components of the seed feeding and loosening device 3 are located within the rectangular space.

[0049] The grid bar 23 is installed on the frame with the front higher than the back. The front end of the grid bar 23 has a crossbeam 38, and the two ends of the crossbeam 38 are supported on the top of two columns located on the front side.

[0050] The grid strips 23 are inclined backward, forming an angle with the horizontal plane, to facilitate the backward rolling of clumps of seeds. It should also be noted that the receiving material is generally concentrated, and the inclined grid strips 23 also facilitate the rolling of the seeds and help them disperse on the grid strips 23.

[0051] The grid strips 23 act as a sieve, causing clumps of seeds to be retained, while some relatively dispersed seeds pass directly through the gaps in the grid strips and some pass through during the downward movement.

[0052] The higher the moisture content of the loose seeds, the worse their rolling properties. The moisture content of loose seeds from different batches or even different stacking positions within the same batch will vary. The angle between the inclined grid strips 23 and the horizontal plane should not be too large or too small. If it is too large, some clumps of loose seeds may be discharged directly from the tail end of the grid strips 23; if it is too small, it will affect the opening efficiency. Therefore, the angle should not be greater than 35° and not less than 15°, with 28° being optimal.

[0053] Considering that seasonal climate and other factors can affect the moisture content of the seeds, in some embodiments, the front end of the grid row 23 can be mounted on the frame 21 by a rotating shaft, and the angle between the grid row 23 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted according to the moisture content of the seeds. The adjustment range is ±7° under a basic angle of, for example, 28°.

[0054] The grid row 23 is horizontally positioned on the frame 21 to receive, for example, the coarse grains fed by the feeder 1. As previously mentioned, gaps are required between the grid rows to allow for the screening capacity determined by these gaps, enabling some dispersed coarse grains to fall directly or fall as clumps of coarse grains roll downwards. The distribution density of the grid rows is related to the gaps between them; the grid row 23 is a transverse array of grid rows spaced apart by these gaps.

[0055] Based on the foregoing, it can be seen that the grid strip 23 must include a part for directly receiving materials, and also has an opening position suitable for rolling the clumps of raw seeds to make way for the material receiving position, so as to avoid the raw seeds from becoming congested at the material receiving position.

[0056] The areas of the receiving position and the opening position can be roughly the same, while the area of ​​the opening position can be slightly larger, but not more than three times the area of ​​the receiving position. Otherwise, it will affect the arrangement of the receiving hopper, resulting in an excessively large hopper footprint. Furthermore, the receiving hopper will require consideration of boundary friction, and an excessively large receiving hopper will also necessitate a relatively high placement of the seed feeding and opening device 3. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, the area of ​​the opening position is preferably 1 to 2 times the area of ​​the receiving position, with 1.6 times being optimal.

[0057] Since the top and bottom widths of the grid strips 23 are the same, the area relationship is reflected in the lengths of the front and back directions being equivalent.

[0058] Furthermore, the opening position is not necessarily used entirely for opening. In the embodiments of the present invention, it is only used to distinguish the opening position, and the remaining part of the grid strip 23 except for the material receiving position is usually the opening position.

[0059] However, the open position does not include the portion that extends upward from the minimum intended support position to facilitate material support. This extended portion still belongs to the support position, although it is not used for direct material support, but is part of the guarantee of material support.

[0060] At the end of the opening position, it is necessary to ensure that all the loose seeds fall through the gaps in the grid. Only large impurities that cannot be broken, such as stones, will flow out from the end of the grid 23 along the grid line 23. Therefore, in Figure 2 In the illustrated structure, the rear bottom shell 25 extends upward to the grid strip 23, but does not extend beyond the upper surface of the grid strip 23.

[0061] As mentioned earlier, since the tilt angle of the grid row 23 needs to be controlled to prevent it from becoming too large, in other words, the natural rolling downward movement of the seeds will be affected to some extent, and the controllability of the natural rolling is relatively poor. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a feeding roller 22 is provided, which is arranged below the grid row 23.

[0062] The feeding roller 22 has a set of impellers along its feeding roller shaft (hereinafter referred to as the first shaft 33). The number of impellers is equal to the number of grid gaps, and they are positioned one-to-one with the grid gaps, roughly centered in the corresponding grid gaps. In other words, the width of the grid gaps should be sufficient to allow the impellers to extend upward through the grid row 23. At this time, the radius of the impeller top circle is required to be greater than the first distance from the upper surface of the grid row 23 to the axis of the first shaft, so that the feeding blades 34 of the impeller extend upward when they rotate to the predetermined position, allowing the raw seeds to flow downward.

[0063] The opening roller 24 is also located below the grid strip 23 and in front of the feeding roller 22. The positional relationship between the opening roller 24 and the feeding roller 22 has been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0064] from Figure 6 As can be seen, the opening roller 24 includes a second shaft 36 and an opening pin group distributed axially on the second shaft; the opening pin group is aligned one-to-one with the grid gap on the second shaft, and the opening pin group is approximately located in the middle of the corresponding grid gap.

[0065] Furthermore, the top circle radius of the loosening nail group is greater than the second distance from the upper surface of the grid strip 23 to the second axis, that is, the loosening nail 37 in the loosening nail group loosens the wool seed flow by protruding upward through the grid strip gap.

[0066] Accordingly, since the grid 23 will cause the seed to be dispersed over a relatively large range, a receiving hopper is provided to collect the relatively dispersed seed and guide it into the conveying auger 17. Therefore, the main functional part of the receiving hopper must be located below the grid 23, and a discharge port is formed at the lower end of the receiving hopper.

[0067] Accordingly, the conveying auger 17 is installed at the discharge port to receive the raw seeds discharged from the hopper through the discharge port.

[0068] Regarding the discharge hopper, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The illustrated structure includes a front bottom shell 18 located in front of the conveying auger 17 and a rear bottom shell 25 located behind the conveying auger 17. Both bottom shells are designed to gradually retract downwards and inwards to accommodate material collection. The front bottom shell 18, while ensuring a compact structure, has a concave surface at the location of the feeding roller 22. Additionally, as... Figure 2 As shown, the feeding roller 22 rotates clockwise in the state shown in the figure. Obviously, the feeding blade 34 currently located below has a tendency to pull the material forward. Therefore, under this condition, the distance between the front bottom shell 18 and the feeding roller 22 should be adjusted appropriately to prevent the feeding roller 22 from pulling the material forward.

[0069] In addition, considering that the seeds may splash, a feed guide plate 19 is further connected to the upper edge of the front bottom shell 18 to block the front side and prevent the seeds from flying forward.

[0070] Regarding the spacing between the grid strips, the main purpose is to prevent excessively large clumps of wool seeds from falling directly. The smaller clumps of wool seeds are usually dispersed during transportation and cleaning, which reduces their impact on the delinting process. Therefore, the spacing between the grid strips should not be too large, with a maximum of 70mm. At the same time, it should not be too small either, otherwise it is easy to cause congestion.

[0071] In addition, considering that the grid gap should be suitable for the impeller and the opening pin 37 to pass through upward, its minimum size should meet the requirements of the feeding blade 34 on the impeller and the opening pin 37 on the opening roller 24. Taking into account the axial size of the opening pin 37 on the first shaft 33 and the thickness of the feeding blade 34, the grid gap should not be less than 35mm.

[0072] Furthermore, the impeller has a width of 3mm to 5mm in the first axial direction and is centered in relation to the gap between the corresponding grid bars; the loosening pin 37 in the loosening pin group has a width of 30mm to 35mm in the second axial direction and is centered in relation to the gap between the corresponding grid bars, and the width of the loosening pin 37 is positively correlated with the gap between the grid bars, that is, a relatively wider loosening pin 37 corresponds to a relatively wider gap between the grid bars.

[0073] Regarding the shape of the grid strips in the grid strip row 23, cylindrical grid strips are preferred, followed by square prism grid strips, and triangular prism grid strips are the least preferred. However, in some special cases, triangular prism grid strips are preferred. The special case is when the difference between the loosening nail 37 and the gap is relatively small, for example, the gap on one side is less than 3mm. In this case, triangular prism grid strips are more conducive to the falling of the seeds.

[0074] Furthermore, if the grid is cylindrical with a diameter of Φ30mm~Φ50mm, it is mainly made of steel to ensure relatively high rigidity. If the rigidity meets the requirements, the grid can be made of steel pipe to reduce costs and weight.

[0075] If it is a quadrangular prism grid, the upper side of the quadrangular prism grid falls within the upper surface of the grid row, and the width of the upper side is 25mm~70mm.

[0076] If the grid is made of triangular prisms, the upper surface of the prism lies within the upper surface of the grid, and the width of the upper surface is 25mm to 70mm. The gap between adjacent triangular prisms is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, which facilitates the falling of the seeds.

[0077] Regarding the selection of impeller blades, plate-shaped blades are selected. The width of the cross-section of these blades is 3mm to 5mm, and the length is 30mm to 40mm. This type of blade has relatively high rigidity, and the feeding speed of the impeller does not need to be too fast, that is, the impeller rotation speed is relatively slow. In the embodiment of the present invention, the impeller adopts a relatively low rotation speed, and the rotation speed of the first shaft 33 is selected to be 0.5r / min to 2r / min.

[0078] Because the leaves are relatively thin, they also have the ability to disperse clumps of seeds when pushing them together.

[0079] To further lose weight, such as Figure 5 As shown, a 35 is opened on the feeding blade 34.

[0080] exist Figure 5 As can be seen in the illustrated structure, the blade is an arc-shaped blade, and an impeller includes 3 to 6 arc-shaped blades. The arc-shaped blades form the cantilever of the impeller, which forms a vortex structure. Obviously, the rotation direction of the impeller with the vortex structure is determined, that is, along the blade direction.

[0081] According to the experimental results, the four curved blades have the best feeding effect.

[0082] exist Figure 5 As can be seen in the illustrated structure, the connection between the root of the arc-shaped blade and the first shaft 33 is roughly radial, which facilitates assembly.

[0083] The connection between the arc-shaped blade and the first shaft 33 is preferably made by welding.

[0084] The radius of the curved blade determines its feeding ability. If it is a straight blade, it has a stronger pushing effect on the material. The pushing effect of the curved blade is reduced, and the root of the curved blade is relatively less stressed and less prone to breakage.

[0085] Considering the appropriate pushing action and load reduction, the radius of the arc-shaped blade is R600mm~R750mm. The radius of the arc-shaped blade is determined by the arc of its working edge (which essentially corresponds to a partial cylindrical surface).

[0086] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the illustrated structure, the loosening pin 37 of the loosening pin group is a loosening pin 37 that extends radially on the second shaft 36.

[0087] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated structural section, each loosening screw group includes three loosening units, and each loosening unit includes two loosening screws 37, with an included angle of 30° between the two loosening screws 37 in the same loosening unit.

[0088] The included angle between two loosening screws 37 within the same loosening unit should not exceed 45°, and the number of loosening screw groups should not exceed 5.

[0089] A single loosening unit with two loosening pins 37 is equivalent to having two rows of loosening pins 37. This enhances three-dimensional turbulence, eliminates loosening dead zones, and causes a rapid change in the velocity gradient when the fibers pass through the staggered gaps between the loosening pins 37, resulting in a relatively large shear force that more effectively impacts the loosening of clumps. Therefore, the angle between two loosening pins 37 within a loosening unit must be different from the angle between adjacent loosening pins 37 between loosening units, and this difference must be relatively large, not less than 15°. Considering the number of loosening units, this difference should not exceed 45°.

[0090] Since the feed grains are fed or loosened by passing through the grid 23 from bottom to top, the first distance is 0.2 to 0.7 times the top circle radius of the feed roller; while the second distance is 0.3 to 0.6 times the top circle radius of the loosening roller.

[0091] Furthermore, in order to simplify the structure and make the overall structure relatively compact, the first shaft 33 and the second shaft 36 should be as close as possible without causing motion interference. Considering factors such as assembly errors, the distance between the first shaft 33 and the second shaft 36 is 1.1 to 1.3 times the radius of the top circle of the feed roller.

[0092] Regarding the differential speed method used for opening and feeding, the first shaft 33 operates at a relatively low speed, while opening requires a relatively high speed. The speed ratio between the first shaft 33 and the second shaft 36 is 1:100 to 1:150. As mentioned earlier, the speed of the first shaft 33, while not requiring excessively high speeds, should not be too low either. If the speed is too low, it cannot meet the cottonseed processing capacity from the automatic feeder, leading to idleness in subsequent processes, especially the delinting machine, resulting in wasted time. If the speed is too high, the feeding blades 34 will not provide effective feeding, and the cottonseed will be broken into clumps and layers at the feeder outlet, thus failing to achieve the desired opening effect. Therefore, configuring an appropriate speed can achieve a three-stage cottonseed processing capacity of 20t / h to 28t / h for the reasonable process requirements of the post-delinting section, fully meeting the configuration requirements of a large-scale delinting production line.

[0093] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated structure, the first drive device of the feed roller 22 is located at the first end of the first shaft 33, and the second drive device of the loosening roller 24 is located at the second end of the second shaft 36. The first end is opposite to the second end, that is, the first driving device and the second driving device are located on the left and the other on the right, so as to reduce the assembly interference between them.

[0094] In addition, from Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, both the first and second drive devices use electric motors and reducers connected to the corresponding shafts via couplings. Compared with belt drives and chain drives, this can significantly reduce the failure rate in mechanical transmission and facilitate continuous production.

[0095] Figure 1 In the above text, the first two stages of the feeding system have been described, namely the feeder 1 and the seed feeding and loosening device 3. If the seeds are not cleaned, for example, in applications with a very low seed impurity rate, the seeds can be directly conveyed to the delinting machine 16 via the conveyor belt 5 after the first two stages. If the seed impurity rate is relatively high, the seeds need to be cleaned before being fed into the delinting machine 16.

[0096] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated structure, the cleaning process mainly includes four parts. The first is to install a magnetic cleaner 6 above the conveyor belt 5 to separate the ferromagnetic material from the seeds spread out on the conveyor belt 5.

[0097] Then conveyor belt 5 feeds the raw seeds into the vibrating screen, such as Figure 1 The primary cleaning sieve 7 shown can separate out some relatively large impurities. This usually refers to the residue after sieving.

[0098] Finally, the sifted seeds are lifted to a predetermined height and sent to the wind-powered seed cleaner 14. The wind-powered seed cleaner 14 usually separates substances with different specific gravities by means of a projectile motion, which is commonly referred to as wind separation. Wind separation separates some of the impurities in the seeds.

[0099] Dust will be generated in several locations, Figure 1 In the illustrated structure, the feeder 1 is equipped with a first dust suction hood 2, and the primary cleaning screen 7 is equipped with a second dust suction hood 8. Dust is sucked through the pipe and then sent into the cyclone 12 for purification before being discharged.

[0100] The above description is illustrative in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and is not intended to limit the invention. Within the framework of this invention, the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined without conflict. Although the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention.

Claims

1. A seed feeding and loosening device, characterized in that, include: frame; A grid strip is placed horizontally on the frame to receive incoming materials, and the grid strips extend in the front-to-back direction of the frame, forming grid strip gaps between the grid strips; The feeding roller is located below the grid bar array and includes a first shaft and impellers distributed axially along the first shaft. The impellers are aligned one-to-one with the grid bar gaps along the first shaft axis, and the top circle radius of the impeller is greater than the first distance from the upper surface of the grid bar array to the axis of the first shaft. The opening roller, located below the grid bar row and in front of the feeding roller, includes a second shaft and an opening pin group distributed axially on the second shaft; the opening pin group is aligned one-to-one with the grid bar gap on the second shaft axis, and the top circle radius of the opening pin group is greater than the second distance from the upper surface of the grid bar row to the axis of the second shaft. A receiving hopper, located below the grid, collects the raw seeds falling through the grid; the lower end of the receiving hopper has a discharge port. A conveying auger is installed at the discharge port to receive the raw seeds discharged from the hopper through the discharge port.

2. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the grid strips is 35~70mm; The impeller has a width of 3mm to 5mm along the first shaft axis and is centered in relation to the spacing of the corresponding grid bars. The width of the loosening pin in the loosening pin group is 30mm~35mm in the second axis direction, and it is centered in relation to the gap of the corresponding grid strip, and the width of the loosening pin is positively correlated with the gap of the grid strip.

3. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grid strip is a cylindrical grid strip, a square prism grid strip, or a triangular prism grid strip; If the grid strips are cylindrical, the diameter of the grid strips is Φ30mm~Φ50mm; If it is a quadrangular prism lattice, the upper side of the quadrangular prism lattice falls within the upper surface of the lattice row, and the width of the upper side is 25mm~70mm. If it is a triangular prism lattice, the upper side of the triangular prism lies within the upper surface of the lattice strip, and the width of the upper side is 25mm~70mm.

4. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The impeller blades are plate-shaped blades, with a cross-section width of 3mm~5mm and a length of 30mm~40mm.

5. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blades are equipped with weight-reducing holes.

6. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blades are arc-shaped blades, and an impeller includes 3 to 6 arc-shaped blades to form a vortex structure.

7. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The radius of the arc-shaped blade is R600mm~R750mm.

8. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loosening screws in the loosening screw group are loosening screws that extend radially on the second shaft.

9. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The loosening screw group consists of 3 to 5 loosening units, each loosening unit includes two loosening screws, and the included angle between the two loosening screws is 30° to 45°.

10. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first distance is 0.2 to 0.7 times the radius of the top circle of the feed roller; The second distance is 0.3 to 0.6 times the radius of the top circle of the opening roller.

11. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that, The distance between the first axis and the second axis is 1.1 to 1.3 times the radius of the top circle of the feed roller.

12. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed ratio between the first shaft and the second shaft is 1:100 to 1:150; The rotational speed of the first shaft is 0.5 r / min to 2 r / min.

13. The seed feeding and loosening device according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that, The first drive unit of the feeding roller is located at the first end of the first shaft, and the second drive unit of the loosening roller is located at the second end of the second shaft. The first end is opposite to the second end.

14. A feeding system, characterized in that, include: Feeder; The seed feeding and loosening device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is located below the feeder to receive the seed fed by the feeder. conveyor; The loosened wool seeds delivered by the conveying auger are used to feed the delinting machine.

15. The feeding system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The conveyor belt is equipped with a magnetic impurity removal device at a predetermined position; The seeds conveyed by the conveyor belt are sent to the delinting machine after passing through a primary cleaning screen and a wind-powered seed cleaner.

16. The feeding system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The feeder is equipped with a first dust suction hood, and the primary cleaning screen is equipped with a second dust suction hood; The first and second dust hoods are respectively equipped with pipes to connect to a predetermined dust removal device.

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