Adjustable precise planetary gear speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to an adjustable precise planetary gear speed reducer which comprises a butt joint part, an external filling part is arranged outside the butt joint part, a transmission part is arranged inside the external filling part, and a heat dissipation part is arranged outside the transmission part. Under the action of centrifugal force and internal extrusion, cooling liquid slowly and evenly seeps out from the internal extrusion liquid leakage opening and directly acts on the meshing positions of the driving gear, the planetary gear teeth and the gear ring on the inner wall of the indirect sleeve, continuous lubrication is achieved at the same time, heat generated by gear transmission can be obviously reduced, tooth surface abrasion is reduced, meanwhile, an external insertion groove is formed in the indirect sleeve, and the service life of the indirect sleeve is prolonged. The speed reducer can complete cooling liquid filling under the condition that the shell and internal parts of the speed reducer are not disassembled through the cooperation of the positioning torsion ring and the detachable blocking torsion block, and the problems that when the cooling liquid needs to be supplemented, filling can be carried out only after the speed reducer is shut down and the shell is disassembled, operation is tedious, and time and labor are consumed are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically to an adjustable precision planetary gear reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers, with their advantages of compact structure, high transmission efficiency, strong load-bearing capacity, and wide reduction ratio range, have become core transmission components in high-end equipment such as industrial robots, CNC machine tools, automated production lines, precision instruments, aerospace, and new energy equipment. Traditional precision planetary reducers mainly consist of a sun gear, planet gears, a planet carrier, and an internal gear ring. They achieve power reduction and torque amplification through the rotation and revolution of the planet gears, outputting large torque in a small size, making them suitable for high-precision motion control scenarios. However, existing fixed-backlash precision planetary reducers are not adjustable after assembly, with a fixed backlash at the factory. This makes them unsuitable for backlash compensation requirements under different working conditions, loads, and temperatures. After long-term operation and wear, the backlash increases and is difficult to repair, requiring complete replacement. To increase the service life of planetary gear reducers, an adjustable reducer is needed.

[0003] However, new energy-powered vehicles generate a lot of heat during operation, while the internal cavity of the gearbox is usually a closed structure with extremely poor heat dissipation. Traditional cooling methods rely solely on pre-installed coolant to cool the gear pair. Once the coolant is depleted, it loses its continuous cooling capacity, which can easily lead to excessively rapid internal temperature rise, severely affecting transmission accuracy and service life. Furthermore, when the coolant is depleted, because the gearbox is completely enclosed, when coolant needs to be added, the machine must be stopped and the housing disassembled. This operation is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, severely interrupting continuous equipment operation and greatly affecting production efficiency and normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable precision planetary gear reducer to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that, when the coolant is depleted, the reducer is completely enclosed, and when coolant needs to be added, the machine must be stopped and the housing disassembled, which is cumbersome and greatly affects production efficiency and normal use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A docking portion is included, the outside of which is an outer filling portion. The outer filling portion includes an indirect sleeve, and a torsion ring is rotatably connected inside the indirect sleeve. A blocking torsion block is threaded into the torsion ring. Three circumferentially distributed shrinkage grooves are formed inside the torsion ring, and positioning blocks are slidably connected inside each of the three shrinkage grooves. A transmission portion is provided inside the outer filling portion, and the transmission portion includes a synchronization frame. Three circumferentially distributed liquid storage tanks are formed inside the synchronization frame, and each of the three liquid storage tanks is connected to an internal leakage outlet. A heat dissipation portion is provided outside the transmission portion, and the heat dissipation portion includes a docking shell. An internal adjusting groove is formed inside the docking shell, and a synchronization fan disc is rotatably connected to the internal adjusting groove.

[0006] Preferably, the docking part includes an outer bottom shell, the outer bottom shell is provided with a shaft hole, a stabilizing bearing is fixedly connected inside the outer bottom shell, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the stabilizing bearing.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission rod is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the outer bottom shell, a stabilizing collar is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission rod, and a drive gear is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission rod.

[0008] Preferably, the indirect sleeve is fixed to the outer bottom shell, the inner wall of the indirect sleeve is provided with retaining teeth, the middle position of the indirect sleeve is provided with a shaft hole, the inner part of the indirect sleeve is provided with an annular groove, the transmission rod is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the indirect sleeve, the inner part of the indirect sleeve is provided with an external slot, the external slot can be connected to an external connector, the inner part of the indirect sleeve is provided with a displacement groove, the displacement groove is connected to the shaft hole, the inner part of the displacement groove is rotatably connected with an adjusting frame, the adjusting frame is provided with a rotating handle, and the adjusting frame is provided with a threaded rod.

[0009] Preferably, an inner top block is slidably connected inside the displacement groove, and the inner top block is threadedly connected to the threaded rod of the adjusting frame. The torsion ring is rotatably connected in the annular groove of the indirect sleeve. The torsion ring has three circumferentially distributed slots, and each of the three slots of the torsion ring is connected to a threaded through hole. The threaded through holes of the torsion ring can all be aligned with the external slots. The three contraction grooves can all be aligned with the displacement groove. The three positioning blocks can all be inserted into the displacement groove. Springs are fixedly connected to each of the three displacement grooves.

[0010] Preferably, the synchronizing frame is fixed to the torsion ring, and the synchronizing frame is provided with three inserts that are inserted into the corresponding slots of the torsion ring. All three liquid storage tanks can be connected to the corresponding threaded through holes of the torsion ring. Three planetary gear teeth distributed in a circle are rotatably connected to the synchronizing frame, and all three planetary gear teeth are meshed with the driving gear.

[0011] Preferably, all three planetary gear teeth are connected to the retaining teeth on the inner wall of the indirect sleeve, and the three planetary gear teeth are rotatably connected to a mating disk. The mating disk has six circumferentially distributed mating holes, and an output shaft is fixedly connected to the mating disk.

[0012] Preferably, the docking shell is fixed to the indirect sleeve, the docking shell has a shaft hole in the middle, and the docking shell has a circumferentially distributed connecting hole on its side. The connecting hole is connected to the inner adjusting groove. The docking shell has four circumferentially distributed external diffuser holes connected to its exterior. All four external diffuser holes are connected to the inner adjusting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the synchronous fan disk is fixed with fan blades arranged in a circular pattern, and six docking blocks arranged in a circular pattern are fixed to the synchronous fan disk. The six docking blocks are all fixedly inserted into the corresponding docking holes. An outer end bearing is fixedly connected inside the docking shell, and the inner ring of the outer end bearing is fixedly connected to the output shaft.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. An external slot is provided on the indirect sleeve, which, together with a positionable torsion ring and a detachable plugging torsion block, allows the coolant to be added to the reducer without disassembling the housing or internal parts. Through the cooperation of the adjusting bracket, inner top block, positioning block, and spring, the torsion ring can be quickly positioned, and the plugging torsion block can be automatically aligned with the external slot. The coolant replenishment channel is accurately connected and the operation is simple. At the same time, during the operation of new energy-driven vehicles, the coolant slowly and evenly seeps out from the internal leakage port under the action of centrifugal force and internal squeezing, directly acting on the meshing position of the drive gear, planetary gear teeth, and gear ring on the inner wall of the indirect sleeve, cooling from the heat source and achieving continuous lubrication. This can significantly reduce the heat generated by gear transmission and reduce tooth surface wear. It effectively solves the problem that when the coolant is depleted, because the reducer is completely enclosed, when coolant needs to be added, the machine must be stopped and the housing must be disassembled for the operation to be carried out. This operation is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, seriously interrupting the continuous operation of the equipment and greatly affecting production efficiency and normal use.

[0015] 2. By setting a synchronous fan disc that rotates synchronously with the output shaft at the output end, and achieving power synchronization through the connection between the mating disc and the mating block, the rotation of the fan disc generates forced airflow. The airflow enters the inner regulating groove through the connecting hole and is then discharged through the outer diffuser hole, forming a stable internal heat dissipation airflow channel. Combined with the direct cooling of the internal coolant, a dual heat dissipation mode of internal liquid cooling and external air cooling is formed, which significantly improves the overall heat dissipation efficiency. This effectively avoids the problem of traditional cooling methods that rely solely on the internal pre-installed coolant to cool the gear pair. Once the coolant is exhausted, the gear pair loses its continuous cooling capacity, which can easily lead to excessively rapid internal temperature rise and seriously affect the transmission accuracy and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure from below according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded bottom view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A is shown. Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of section B is shown. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the docking part of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the outer filling part of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission part assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation component assembly structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 1. Connecting part; 101. Outer bottom shell; 102. Stabilizing bearing; 103. Transmission rod; 104. Stabilizing collar; 105. Drive gear; 2. External filling part; 201. Indirect sleeve; 202. External slot; 203. Displacement groove; 204. Adjusting frame; 205. Inner top block; 206. Torsion ring; 207. Blocking torsion block; 208. Shrinkage groove; 209. Positioning block; 3. Transmission part; 301. Synchronizing frame; 302. Liquid storage tank; 303. Inner leakage port; 304. Planetary gear teeth; 305. Connecting plate; 306. Connecting insertion hole; 307. Output shaft; 4. Heat dissipation part; 401. Connecting shell; 402. Inner adjusting groove; 403. Connecting hole; 404. External venting hole; 405. Synchronizing fan plate; 406. Connecting insertion block; 407. Outer end bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figure 1 - Figure 11 The planetary gear reducer shown includes a docking part 1, an outer filling part 2 on the outside of the docking part 1, an indirect sleeve 201, a torsion ring 206 rotatably connected inside the indirect sleeve 201, a blocking torsion block 207 threadedly connected inside the torsion ring 206, three circumferentially distributed shrinkage grooves 208 inside the torsion ring 206, and positioning blocks 209 slidably connected inside each of the three shrinkage grooves 208, a transmission part 3 inside the outer filling part 2, a synchronous frame 301, three circumferentially distributed liquid storage tanks 302 inside the synchronous frame 301, and an inner leakage port 303 connected to each of the three liquid storage tanks 302, a heat dissipation part 4 on the outside of the transmission part 3, a docking shell 401, an inner adjusting groove 402 inside the docking shell 401, and a synchronous fan disc 405 rotatably connected to the inner adjusting groove 402.

[0020] The docking part 1 includes an outer bottom shell 101, which has a shaft hole. A stabilizing bearing 102 is fixedly connected inside the outer bottom shell 101, and a transmission rod 103 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the stabilizing bearing 102.

[0021] The transmission rod 103 is rotatably connected to the shaft hole of the outer bottom shell 101. A stabilizing collar 104 is fixed to the outside of the transmission rod 103, and a drive gear 105 is fixed to the end of the transmission rod 103.

[0022] The indirect sleeve 201 is fixed to the outer base shell 101. The inner wall of the indirect sleeve 201 is provided with retaining teeth. The middle position of the indirect sleeve 201 is provided with a shaft hole. The indirect sleeve 201 has an annular groove. The transmission rod 103 is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the indirect sleeve 201. The indirect sleeve 201 has an external slot 202 inside, which can be connected to an external connector. The indirect sleeve 201 has a displacement groove 203 inside, which is connected to the shaft hole. The displacement groove 203 is rotatably connected to the displacement groove 203. The adjustment frame 204 is provided with a handle and a threaded rod.

[0023] An inner top block 205 is slidably connected inside the displacement groove 203. The inner top block 205 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod of the adjusting frame 204. The torsion ring 206 is rotatably connected to the annular groove of the indirect sleeve 201. The torsion ring 206 has three circumferentially distributed slots. Each of the three slots of the torsion ring 206 is connected to a threaded through hole. The threaded through holes of the torsion ring 206 can be aligned with the external slot 202. The three contraction grooves 208 can be aligned with the displacement groove 203. The three positioning blocks 209 can be inserted into the displacement groove 203. Springs are fixedly connected to each of the three displacement grooves 203.

[0024] Synchronizing frame 301 is fixedly connected to torsion ring 206. Synchronizing frame 301 is provided with three inserts that are inserted into corresponding slots in torsion ring 206. Three liquid storage tanks 302 can be connected to corresponding threaded through holes in torsion ring 206. Three planetary gear teeth 304 distributed in a circle are rotatably connected to synchronous frame 301. All three planetary gear teeth 304 are meshed with driving gear 105.

[0025] All three planetary gear teeth 304 are connected to the retaining teeth on the inner wall of the indirect sleeve 201. The three planetary gear teeth 304 are rotatably connected to the mating disk 305. The mating disk 305 has six circumferentially distributed mating holes 306. The output shaft 307 is fixedly connected to the mating disk 305.

[0026] The docking housing 401 is fixedly connected to the indirect sleeve 201. A shaft hole is provided in the middle of the docking housing 401. A circumferentially distributed connecting hole 403 is provided on the side of the docking housing 401. The connecting hole 403 is connected to the inner adjusting groove 402. Four sets of circumferentially distributed external diffuser holes 404 are connected to the outside of the docking housing 401. All four sets of external diffuser holes 404 are connected to the inner adjusting groove 402.

[0027] The outer wall of the synchronous fan disk 405 is fixed with fan blades arranged in a circular pattern. Six circumferentially arranged docking blocks 406 are fixed on the synchronous fan disk 405. All six docking blocks 406 are fixedly inserted into the corresponding docking holes 306. An outer end bearing 407 is fixed inside the docking housing 401. The inner ring of the outer end bearing 407 is fixed on the output shaft 307.

[0028] Working principle: When the new energy-driven vehicle starts, the outer bottom shell 101 is connected to the external drive equipment, the transmission rod 103 is connected to the drive end, and the output shaft 307 is connected to the load end; the drive equipment drives the transmission rod 103 and the drive gear 105 to rotate, and the drive gear 105 drives the three planetary gear teeth 304 to mesh and rotate along the inner wall of the indirect sleeve 201. The planetary gear teeth 304 drive the docking plate 305 and the output shaft 307 to achieve deceleration output; During the transmission process, the coolant in the internal storage tank 302 of the synchronous frame 301 is subjected to centrifugal and squeezing action and slowly seeps out through the internal leakage port 303, directly lubricating and cooling the meshing parts of the drive gear 105, planetary gear teeth 304, and indirect sleeve 201. At the same time, the docking plate 305 drives the synchronous fan plate 405 to rotate synchronously through the docking insertion hole 306 and the docking insertion block 406. The fan blades on the synchronous fan plate 405 generate airflow, which enters the internal regulating groove 402 through the connecting hole 403, absorbs internal heat, and is discharged outward through the external dissipation hole 404 to achieve forced air cooling. When coolant needs to be added, there is no need to disassemble the machine. Simply rotate the adjusting bracket 204 with the reducer stopped, so that the inner top block 205 retracts in the displacement groove 203 under the action of the thread, thereby relieving the blockage of the displacement groove 203. When the displacement groove 203 is aligned with the retraction groove 208, the positioning block 209 is inserted into the displacement groove 203 under the action of the spring, thereby completing the positioning of the torsion ring 206. At this time, the blocking torsion block 207 is aligned with the external slot 202. The blocking torsion block 207 can be removed with external tools to connect the reservoir 302 with the external slot 202. Then, the external filling connector is connected to the external slot 202, and the coolant enters the reservoir 302 through the threaded through hole of the external slot 202 and the torsion ring 206 to complete the filling.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer, comprising a mating part (1), characterized in that: The docking part (1) is provided with an outer filling part (2) on the outside. The outer filling part (2) includes an indirect sleeve (201). A torsion ring (206) is rotatably connected inside the indirect sleeve (201). A plugging torsion block (207) is threaded inside the torsion ring (206). Three circumferentially distributed shrinkage grooves (208) are opened inside the torsion ring (206). A positioning block (209) is slidably connected inside each of the three shrinkage grooves (208). A transmission part (3) is provided inside the outer filling part (2). The transmission part (3) includes a timing frame (301), and the timing frame (301) has three circumferentially distributed liquid storage tanks (302) inside. Each of the three liquid storage tanks (302) is connected to an internal leakage port (303). The transmission part (3) has a heat dissipation part (4) outside. The heat dissipation part (4) includes a docking shell (401), and the docking shell (401) has an internal adjustment groove (402) inside. The internal adjustment groove (402) is connected to a timing fan disc (405) that rotates inside.

2. The adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking part (1) includes an outer bottom shell (101), the outer bottom shell (101) is provided with a shaft hole, a stabilizing bearing (102) is fixedly connected inside the outer bottom shell (101), and a transmission rod (103) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the stabilizing bearing (102).

3. The adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission rod (103) is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the outer bottom shell (101), and a stabilizing collar (104) is fixed to the outside of the transmission rod (103). A drive gear (105) is fixed to the end of the transmission rod (103).

4. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The indirect sleeve (201) is fixed to the outer bottom shell (101). The inner wall of the indirect sleeve (201) is provided with a retaining tooth. The middle position of the indirect sleeve (201) is provided with a shaft hole. The indirect sleeve (201) is provided with an annular groove. The transmission rod (103) is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the indirect sleeve (201). The indirect sleeve (201) is provided with an external slot (202). The external slot (202) can be connected to an external connector. The indirect sleeve (201) is provided with a displacement groove (203). The displacement groove (203) is connected to a shaft hole. The displacement groove (203) is rotatably connected to an adjusting frame (204). The adjusting frame (204) is provided with a rotating handle and a threaded rod.

5. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The displacement groove (203) is slidably connected to an inner top block (205), which is threadedly connected to the threaded rod of the adjusting frame (204). The torsion ring (206) is rotatably connected to the annular groove of the indirect sleeve (201). The torsion ring (206) has three circumferentially distributed slots. All three slots of the torsion ring (206) are connected to threaded through holes. The threaded through holes of the torsion ring (206) can be aligned with the external slot (202). All three shrinkage grooves (208) can be aligned with the displacement groove (203). All three positioning blocks (209) can be inserted into the displacement groove (203). All three displacement grooves (203) are fixedly connected to springs.

6. The adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronizing frame (301) is fixed to the torsion ring (206). The synchronizing frame (301) is provided with three inserts that are inserted into the corresponding slots of the torsion ring (206). The three liquid storage tanks (302) can be connected to the corresponding threaded through holes of the torsion ring (206). The synchronizing frame (301) is rotatably connected with three planetary gear teeth (304) distributed in a circle.

7. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: All three planetary gear teeth (304) are connected to the retaining teeth on the inner wall of the indirect sleeve (201). The three planetary gear teeth (304) are rotatably connected to a docking plate (305). The docking plate (305) has six circumferentially distributed docking holes (306). An output shaft (307) is fixedly connected to the docking plate (305).

8. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking shell (401) is fixed to the indirect sleeve (201). A shaft hole is provided in the middle of the docking shell (401). A circumferentially distributed connecting hole (403) is provided on the side of the docking shell (401). The connecting hole (403) is connected to the inner adjusting groove (402). Four sets of circumferentially distributed external diffuser holes (404) are connected to the outside of the docking shell (401). All four sets of external diffuser holes (404) are connected to the inner adjusting groove (402).

9. An adjustable precision planetary gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the synchronous fan disk (405) is fixed with fan blades arranged in a circular pattern. Six circumferentially arranged docking blocks (406) are fixed on the synchronous fan disk (405). The six docking blocks (406) are all fixedly inserted into the corresponding docking holes (306). An outer end bearing (407) is fixedly connected inside the docking shell (401). The inner ring of the outer end bearing (407) is fixed on the output shaft (307).

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