A fine river model uniform sand adding experiment device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of river model experiment, and discloses a fine river model uniform sand adding experiment device, which comprises a sand adding groove, a plurality of sand discharge holes are formed in the bottom end of the sand adding groove along the axial direction; an adjusting part is arranged in the sand adding groove, the sand adding width of the sand adding groove is adjusted by moving the adjusting part in the sand adding groove; a sand adding assembly comprises a sand adding unit and a moving unit, the moving unit is slidingly connected to the top end of the sand adding groove, the sand adding unit is arranged on the moving unit and is used for conveying water and sand mixture into the sand adding groove; a control part is arranged on the sand adding groove, and the control part is used for controlling the reciprocating movement of the moving unit at the top end of the sand adding groove. The present application combines mechanical structure and automatic control, realizes the uniform distribution of sand amount in space during the sand adding process, effectively solves the problems of non-uniform sand adding, easy blockage and low adjusting precision of the traditional device, and significantly improves the reliability and scientificity of the river model experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river engineering model experiment technology, and in particular to a refined experimental device for uniform sand addition in river engineering models. Background Technology

[0002] River engineering model experiments are an important means of studying river movement patterns, riverbed evolution, and the impact of hydraulic engineering projects. The performance of the sediment addition system directly affects the accuracy of the experiments. Traditional sediment addition devices mostly employ multi-point fixed sediment addition methods, which have the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Poor uniformity of sand addition: Due to the inability to synchronously control the amount of sand delivered at each sand addition point, the sand distribution deviation along the width of the channel can reach 15%-30%, which is seriously inconsistent with the actual working conditions of uniform sediment transport in natural rivers.

[0004] 2. Sand conveying channels are mostly designed with fixed apertures. When the sand particle size fluctuates or the sand concentration changes, blockages are easily formed at the channel inlet, requiring the machine to be stopped, disassembled, and cleaned. Traditional devices take ≥10 minutes to clean each time, which disrupts the continuity of the experiment.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sophisticated experimental device for uniform sand addition in river engineering models to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a refined experimental device for uniform sand addition in river engineering models, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device, comprising:

[0008] The sand filling tank has multiple sand discharge holes axially opened at the bottom of its interior.

[0009] An adjusting component is disposed inside the sand-adding trough, and the sand-adding width of the sand-adding trough is adjusted by moving the adjusting component within the sand-adding trough;

[0010] A sand-adding assembly includes a sand-adding unit and a moving unit. The moving unit is slidably connected to the top of the sand-adding tank, and the sand-adding unit is disposed on the moving unit for conveying a water-sand mixture into the sand-adding tank.

[0011] A control element is disposed on the sand filling tank, and the control element is used to control the moving unit to reciprocate at the top of the sand filling tank.

[0012] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the adjusting component includes a movable plate that is slidably disposed in the sand addition tank, and the movable plate is limitedly connected to the sand addition tank by a disassembly fastener.

[0013] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the sand addition unit includes a flexible sand conveying pipe and a rigid sand conveying pipe. One end of the flexible sand conveying pipe is connected to the output end of an external sand addition pump, and the other end of the flexible sand conveying pipe is connected to the input end of the rigid sand conveying pipe. The rigid sand conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the moving unit and the output end of the rigid sand conveying pipe extends into the sand addition tank.

[0014] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the moving unit includes a sand conveying platform, and tracks are installed on both sides of the top of the sand addition trough, and the sand conveying platform is slidably connected to the tracks.

[0015] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the control component includes a rack fixedly connected to the sand conveying platform, a stepper motor is provided at one end of the sand addition trough, and a gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor, the gear meshing with the rack.

[0016] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device further includes at least two limiting and steering devices. The two limiting and steering devices are respectively fixedly connected to the moving plate and the inner sidewall of the sand addition tank. The limiting and steering devices are electrically connected to the stepper motor. When the sand conveying platform contacts the limiting and steering device, the stepper motor changes its rotation direction.

[0017] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the sand addition tank is made of transparent acrylic material.

[0018] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the cross-section of the sand addition tank is an isosceles trapezoid and the inclination angle of the side wall of the isosceles trapezoid is 45°-75°.

[0019] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the length of the flexible sand conveying pipe is at least 1.5 times the length of the sand addition trough, and has a bending radius of not less than 50 mm.

[0020] According to the present invention, a refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device is provided, wherein the diameter of the sand discharge hole is 0.5mm-2mm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0022] This invention provides a refined experimental device for uniform sand addition in river engineering models. Through adjustable adjustment components to control the sand addition width, a reciprocating sand addition assembly, and a precisely controlled transmission system, it achieves uniform distribution of sediment along the width of the sand addition trough. This effectively avoids the clogging problems common in traditional devices, improving experimental accuracy and ease of operation. It is suitable for various river engineering model testing scenarios. By combining mechanical structure with automatic control, this invention achieves uniform spatial distribution of sand during the sand addition process, effectively solving the problems of uneven sand addition, easy clogging, and low adjustment accuracy in traditional devices, significantly improving the reliability and scientific rigor of river engineering model tests. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the sand-adding trough of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-adding unit structure of the present invention;

[0027] Among them, 1. Sand filling trough; 2. Sand discharge hole; 3. Moving plate; 4. Flexible sand conveying pipe; 5. Rigid sand conveying pipe; 6. Sand conveying platform; 7. Track; 8. Rack; 9. Stepper motor; 10. Limiting and steering device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-3 This invention provides a refined experimental device for uniform sand addition in a river engineering model, comprising:

[0031] The sand filling tank 1 has multiple sand discharge holes 2 axially opened at the bottom of its interior;

[0032] An adjusting component is installed inside the sand-adding tank 1. The sand-adding width of the sand-adding tank 1 is adjusted by moving the adjusting component within the sand-adding tank 1.

[0033] The sand-adding assembly includes a sand-adding unit and a moving unit. The moving unit is slidably connected to the top of the sand-adding tank 1, and the sand-adding unit is disposed on the moving unit for conveying a water-sand mixture into the sand-adding tank 1.

[0034] A control unit is installed on the sand filling tank 1. The control unit is used to control the reciprocating movement of the moving unit at the top of the sand filling tank 1.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention achieves uniform distribution of sediment in the width direction of the sand filling trough by adjusting the sand filling width with a movable and adjustable adjusting component, a reciprocating sand filling component, and a precisely controlled transmission system. This effectively avoids the clogging problem common in traditional devices, improves the test accuracy and ease of operation, and is suitable for various river engineering model test scenarios.

[0036] The scheme is further optimized. The adjusting component includes a movable plate 3, which is slidably set in the sand filling tank 1, and the movable plate 3 is limited to the sand filling tank 1 by disassembling fasteners.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable plate 3 is slidably disposed along the width direction of the sand filling groove 1. The sand filling width can be adjusted by disassembling and reassembling the fasteners. The movable plate 3 achieves sand filling width adaptation of 0.5-10m through sliding fit of the T-slot. The fasteners are disassembled and locked to avoid scratching the acrylic plate. The fit gap is controlled within 0.1mm to ensure smooth movement.

[0038] The scheme is further optimized. The sand-adding unit includes a flexible sand-carrying pipe 4 and a rigid sand-carrying pipe 5. One end of the flexible sand-carrying pipe 4 is connected to the output end of an external sand-adding water pump, and the other end of the flexible sand-carrying pipe 4 is connected to the input end of the rigid sand-carrying pipe 5. The rigid sand-carrying pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the mobile unit and the output end of the rigid sand-carrying pipe 5 extends into the sand-adding tank 1.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible sand conveying pipe 4 and the rigid sand conveying pipe 5 enable mobile sand delivery. The connection between the flexible sand conveying pipe 4 and the rigid sand conveying pipe 5 is made of brass quick-connect fittings wrapped with 3-5 layers of polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape. The brass material is rust-proof and easy to assemble and disassemble, and can achieve a leak-free seal under a pressure of ≤0.3MPa. It is suitable for the conventional working pressure range of 0.1 to 0.2MPa of the sand delivery pump.

[0040] The scheme is further optimized. The mobile unit includes a sand conveying platform 6 and tracks 7 are installed on both sides of the top of the sand filling trough 1. The sand conveying platform 6 and the tracks 7 are slidably connected.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, chrome-plated longitudinal rails are installed on both sides of the top of the sand tank 1, and deep groove ball bearings are assembled at the bottom of the sand conveying platform and slidably connected to the rails 7. The surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm and the coefficient of friction≤0.1 effectively reduce the wear of the deep groove ball bearings and the service life is not less than 5000 hours.

[0042] The scheme is further optimized. The control components include a rack 8, which is fixedly connected to the sand conveying platform 6. A stepper motor 9 is provided at one end of the sand adding trough 1. A gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor 9, and the gear meshes with the rack 8.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gear meshes with the rack 8. When the stepper motor 9 rotates, the gear rolls along the rack 8, thereby driving the sand conveying platform 6 to move at a constant speed along the track 7 with the help of the bottom deep groove ball bearing.

[0044] Further optimization of the scheme also includes at least two limit steering devices 10. The two limit steering devices 10 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving plate 3 and the sand adding tank 1, respectively. The limit steering devices 10 are electrically connected to the stepper motor 9. When the sand conveying platform 6 contacts the limit steering device 10, the stepper motor 9 changes the direction of rotation.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the sand conveying platform 6 runs to the end of the track and touches the limit steering device 10, the limit steering device 10 triggers its direction switch. The limit steering device 10 is equipped with a metal baffle with a nitrile rubber buffer pad, which absorbs the collision force through physical blocking and avoids hard impact between the platform and the support. It does not require electronic sensors and has high reliability.

[0046] The design was further optimized by using transparent acrylic material for the sand filling tank 1.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sand-adding tank 1 serves as a stable carrier for water and sand transport. Its core function is to provide a simulated space for water and sand mixing and transport, and to facilitate manual observation with the help of a transparent acrylic plate. The blockage of the sand discharge hole can be judged in real time without additional monitoring equipment.

[0048] Further optimization of the scheme: the cross-section of sand tank 1 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the isosceles trapezoid is 45°-75°.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, an isosceles trapezoidal cross section is adopted, and the inclination angle of the side wall can be adjusted within the range of 45° to 75° according to the sand particle size. Gravity is used to promote the water and sand to converge to the bottom of the tank, ensuring that the amount of mud and sand retained on the side wall does not exceed 5%.

[0050] Further optimization of the scheme: the length of the flexible sand conveying pipe 4 is at least 1.5 times the length of the sand filling trough 1, and it has a bending radius of not less than 50mm.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible sand conveying pipe 4 is made of polyurethane hose, which has both flexibility and wear resistance. Its length is designed to be 1.5 times the length of the sand filling tank 1 and has a bending radius of not less than 50mm to avoid pulling or breaking when the platform moves, thereby ensuring stable flow.

[0052] The design was further optimized so that the diameter of the sand discharge hole 2 is 0.5mm-2mm.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sand discharge hole 2 is a key structure for achieving uniform water and sand descent and preventing clogging. Its core function is to adapt to sand particles of different sizes through a replaceable rubber plug, avoiding clogging problems caused by a fixed hole diameter. The sealing plug can be made of wear-resistant elastic material to form a reasonable interference fit with the sand discharge hole, which effectively prevents sand leakage and is easy to disassemble and assemble. The structure uses laser drilling technology to ensure that the hole diameter tolerance is controlled within ±0.05mm, providing a hole diameter range of 0.5mm-2mm to adapt to sand samples of 0.1mm-2mm. The nitrile rubber plug is used in conjunction to form an interference fit of 0.1mm-0.2mm with the sand discharge hole, which effectively prevents sand leakage and is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control unit drives the stepper motor to move through a preset program, and precisely controls the moving speed of the sand conveying platform 6, with a speed accuracy of ±0.1cm / s; the stepper motor 9 is equipped with a driver, supports stepless speed regulation, and combined with the gear and rack mechanism to achieve smooth power transmission and smooth operation.

[0055] When using this invention:

[0056] Experimental preparation stage: This can be completed within 15 minutes, mainly including the debugging and parameter setting of sand adding tank 1 and sand adding components. First, push the moving plate 3 to the target position according to the sand adding width and lock it with the fasteners removed; then replace the rubber plug of the sand discharge hole 2 with the corresponding diameter according to the sand particle size. If gradient sand adding is required, install the solenoid valve and connect the drive module. Then connect the flexible sand conveying pipe 4 to the sand adding water pump through the quick connector, wrap the sealing tape to ensure a seal, and connect the other end to the rigid sand conveying pipe 5. Finally, set the parameters such as the total amount of sand added, the platform moving speed, the experimental duration, and the valve opening degree through the operation panel.

[0057] Experimental Operation Phase: No dedicated personnel are required; only intermittent observation is needed. Upon startup, the sand pump delivers the water-sand mixture to the sand-adding assembly, and the stepper motor 9 drives the sand-carrying platform 6 to move uniformly along the track 7. The rigid sand-carrying pipe 5 has a guide pipe at its output end, allowing the sand to fall evenly into the sand-adding trough 1 and distribute through the sand discharge holes 2 to the bottom of the trough. When the platform reaches the end of the track, the limit switch 10 triggers its reverse movement, achieving reciprocating and uniform sand addition.

[0058] Experimental Completion Stage: The system will automatically stop within 10 minutes after reaching the set time, power will be switched off, and hoses and connectors will be disassembled. Cleaning and maintenance will then be performed, including removing the end plates, rinsing the tank, sand drain holes, and pipes to remove residual mud and sand; checking the condition of the track bearings and adding grease if necessary; finally, the rubber stoppers and hoses will be dried and stored for future use.

[0059] Compared with traditional sand-addition devices, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0060] Excellent uniformity of sand addition: The synergistic effect of longitudinal track reciprocating movement and multiple sand discharge holes ensures that the sand volume distribution deviation along the width of the trough is ≤5% and along the length is ≤8%, which is far better than the 15%-30% deviation of traditional devices and conforms to the sediment transport law of natural rivers.

[0061] Strong anti-clogging performance: The adjustable orifice diameter of 0.5mm-2mm is suitable for sand samples of 0.1mm-2mm full range. The transparent tank body is convenient for real-time manual observation. Reverse flushing and cleaning are convenient. Relying on the adjustable orifice diameter sand discharge hole 2 and the anti-clogging sand conveying channel, the device can run continuously for no less than 4 hours.

[0062] High control precision and wide adaptability: The stepper motor speed adjustment from 0 to 500 rpm enables platform movement speed control of ±0.1 cm / s, and the sand addition control precision reaches 0.1 g / s; by adjusting the position of the moving plate 3 and the diameter of the sand discharge hole 2, it can be adapted to river engineering models with a width of 0.5-10m, covering mainstream experimental scenarios such as river regulation and reservoir siltation.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sophisticated experimental device for uniform sand addition in a river engineering model, characterized in that, include: The sand filling tank (1) has multiple sand discharge holes (2) axially opened at the bottom of its interior. An adjusting member is provided inside the sand filling trough (1). The sand filling width of the sand filling trough (1) is adjusted by moving the adjusting member inside the sand filling trough (1). The sand-adding assembly includes a sand-adding unit and a moving unit. The moving unit is slidably connected to the top of the sand-adding tank (1). The sand-adding unit is disposed on the moving unit and is used to transport a water-sand mixture into the sand-adding tank (1). A control element is provided on the sand filling tank (1), and the control element is used to control the moving unit to reciprocate at the top of the sand filling tank (1); The adjusting component includes a movable plate (3), which is slidably disposed within the sand-adding trough (1), and the movable plate (3) is limitedly connected to the sand-adding trough (1) by a disassembly fastener; the moving unit includes a sand-transporting platform (6), and rails (7) are installed on both sides of the top of the sand-adding trough (1), and the sand-transporting platform (6) is slidably connected to the rails (7); the controlling component includes a rack (8), which is fixedly connected to the sand-transporting platform (6), and a stepper motor (9) is provided at one end of the sand-adding trough (1), the stepper motor ( The output end of 9) is fixedly connected to a gear, which meshes with the rack (8); it also includes at least two limit steering devices (10), which are fixedly connected to the inner sidewalls of the moving plate (3) and the sand adding trough (1), respectively. The limit steering device (10) is electrically connected to the stepper motor (9). When the sand conveying platform (6) contacts the limit steering device (10), the stepper motor (9) changes its rotation direction; the diameter of the sand discharge hole (2) is 0.5mm-2mm.

2. The refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand-adding unit includes a flexible sand-carrying pipe (4) and a rigid sand-carrying pipe (5). One end of the flexible sand-carrying pipe (4) is connected to the output end of an external sand-adding water pump, and the other end of the flexible sand-carrying pipe (4) is connected to the input end of the rigid sand-carrying pipe (5). The rigid sand-carrying pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the mobile unit and the output end of the rigid sand-carrying pipe (5) extends into the sand-adding tank (1).

3. The refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand-filling tank (1) is made of transparent acrylic material.

4. The refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-section of the sand-adding trough (1) is an isosceles trapezoid, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the isosceles trapezoid is 45°-75°.

5. The refined river engineering model uniform sand addition experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the flexible sand conveying pipe (4) is at least 1.5 times the length of the sand filling trough (1), and it has a bending radius of not less than 50 mm.

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