Intelligent detection method for concentration of salt mist corrosive component in coastal environment

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent detection method for the concentration of a salt mist corrosive component in a coastal environment, which adopts an intelligent detection system for the concentration of the salt mist corrosive component in the coastal environment, and the intelligent detection system for the concentration of the salt mist corrosive component in the coastal environment comprises a dust removal device, a filter chamber, an air outlet mechanism and a control system, a salt mist collecting device and a monitoring device are arranged in the filtering chamber; after air enters the dust removal device, dust in the air can be removed through the dust removal device, so that the accuracy of salt mist corrosive component concentration monitoring can be improved, and salt mist particles in the air passing through the dust removal device can be collected into the monitoring device through the salt mist collecting device; the monitoring device can monitor the weight of salt mist particles in air flowing through the filter chamber and the content of internal components, so that the corrosive components in the salt mist can be intelligently classified and analyzed, protection measures are specifically applied to a concrete structure, and the corrosion resistance and cracking resistance of concrete are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to an intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments. Background Technology

[0002] In coastal environments, reinforced concrete structures often experience steel corrosion and concrete cracking with age. The primary reason for this is the presence of numerous tiny salt particles in the air due to seawater evaporation and tides. These salts form aerosols, which, under the influence of wind and other environmental factors, penetrate the concrete structure through gaps, causing electrochemical corrosion of the reinforcing steel. This results in a rust layer forming on the steel surface, leading to expansion, cracking, and eventual failure of the concrete. Real-time monitoring and analysis of corrosive substances in the environment are crucial for ensuring the normal use and safe operation of structures. The main corrosive ions in the air of coastal cities are chloride and sulfate ions. Under the influence of seawater evaporation and tides, these salts enter the air, forming salt fog. Driven by wind, this salt fog travels with the airflow and comes into contact with the concrete structure, causing it to expand and crack. Chloride and sulfate ions in coastal salt fog are the core factors leading to the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures, and their corrosion process is irreversible and cumulative. Through precise monitoring and targeted protection, the corrosion process can be effectively slowed down, ensuring the long-term safe service of the structure.

[0003] Currently, domestic research on concrete structures in coastal environments mainly focuses on the protection of concrete structures. The primary method involves applying protective measures to prevent salt spray from contacting and eroding the concrete structure. For example, the domestic invention patent "An Ecological Barrier for Blocking Salt Spray on an Island" (CN202110202231.0) uses segmented planting of salt-tolerant plants such as casuarina to construct an ecological barrier against salt spray on the island, preventing the salt spray from traveling inland and avoiding damage to buildings. Alternatively, improvements are made to the erosion resistance of concrete. A common approach is to change the composition of the concrete and add admixtures, such as the domestic invention patent "An Ecological Barrier for Blocking Salt Spray on an Island" (CN202110202231.0). The invention "A Salt Spray Resistant and Corrosion-Resistant Mortar Formula and Preparation Method Thereof" (CN202310196307.2) incorporates admixtures such as sodium tripolyphosphate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose into the mortar, thereby improving the corrosion resistance and crack resistance of the concrete and enhancing its durability in high-salt environments. The domestic invention patent "A Protective Coating for Highway Concrete Components in Coastal Environments and Its Preparation Method Thereof" (CN202311783837.3) improves the crack resistance of concrete by spraying epoxy resin and fluorocarbon resin coatings onto concrete components, thus enhancing its durability in high-salt environments. These inventions improve the salt resistance of concrete or reduce the salt spray content in the air, but they require intelligent real-time monitoring of the concentration of corrosive ions in the air to provide data support for designers during the design process. Meanwhile, the national invention patent "A Salt Spray Solid Particle Concentration Monitoring System for Coastal Environments" (CN120253597A), as shown in the figure below, provides a rather coarse analysis of the salt spray composition, analyzing only chloride ions while ignoring the influence of other ions. Furthermore, when airflow passes through the system, some salt spray remains between the inlet and outlet systems; this unfiltered portion fails to collect the salt spray, causing weighing errors and resulting in inaccurate test results. In addition, the system does not remove dust from the airflow, leading to an overestimation of the salt spray mass. A more precise and detailed detection system is needed to improve the system and provide better data support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to provide an intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments. It can intelligently classify and analyze the corrosive components in salt spray, thereby applying targeted protective measures to concrete structures and improving the corrosion resistance and crack resistance of concrete.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Install an intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray. This system includes a dust removal device, a filter chamber, an air outlet mechanism, and a control system. The filter chamber has an airflow channel for air passage. The dust removal device and the air outlet mechanism are respectively located at the air inlet and outlet of the filter chamber. The filter chamber is equipped with a salt spray collection device and a monitoring device. The monitoring device is located at the bottom of the filter chamber. A partition plate is provided between the monitoring device and the filter chamber. The end of the partition plate near the dust removal device has an opening for salt spray particles to fall onto the monitoring device. The dust removal device, salt spray collection device, and monitoring device are all communicatively connected to the control system.

[0008] Step 2: Activate the intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in the coastal environment salt spray. When the wind enters the dust removal device, the dust in the wind is removed by the dust removal device.

[0009] Step 3: After the air passes through the dust removal device, it enters the filtration chamber and the salt mist particles in the air passing through the dust removal device are collected into the monitoring device by the salt mist collection device.

[0010] Step 4: Monitor the weight of salt spray particles and the content of their internal components in the air flowing through the filtration chamber using the monitoring device.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 2, the dust removal device includes a power supply, an auxiliary electrode transformer, a dust collection electrode transformer, an auxiliary electrode, a dust collection electrode, a dust hopper, and a dust gravity sensor. The top plate of the filter chamber extends outwards at both ends. The power supply, auxiliary electrode transformer, and dust collection electrode transformer are respectively fixedly installed on the extended section of the air inlet port of the top plate of the filter chamber. The auxiliary electrode and the dust collection electrode are arranged parallel to each other outside the air inlet port of the filter chamber, forming an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet port of the filter chamber. The dust hopper is located at the bottom of the air inlet channel. The bottom of the device is provided with a first base plate, and the dust gravity sensor is set between the first base plate and the dust hopper. The power supply is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode transformer and the dust collecting electrode transformer respectively. The auxiliary electrode transformer is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode, and the dust collecting electrode transformer is electrically connected to the dust collecting electrode. When the dust removal device is powered on, a directed electric field is formed between the dust collecting electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the dust removal device, which separates the dust and salt spray particles in the airflow entering the air intake channel of the dust removal device. The dust becomes charged and moves towards the dust collecting electrode under the action of the directed electric field and falls into the dust hopper. The weight of the dust in the airflow flowing through the dust removal device can be measured by the dust gravity sensor.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 3, the salt spray collection device includes two guide rails, two elastic cables, a salt spray filter, two rocker arm transmission rods, and a bottom flat plate. The shape and size of the salt spray filter are consistent with the shape and size of the cross-section of the airflow channel. The two guide rails are embedded in the two side plates of the filter chamber, and the two guide rails are parallel to each other and parallel to the central axis of the airflow channel. The two sides of the salt spray filter are provided with lugs that match the corresponding guide rails. One end of the elastic cable is fixedly connected to the corresponding lug, and the other end of the elastic cable is fixed to the filter. On the corresponding side panel of the chamber, near the end of the dust removal device, the elastic cable is parallel to and located within the corresponding guide rail. One end of the rocker arm drive rod is movably connected to the support frame on the salt spray filter via a first pin, and the other end of the rocker arm drive rod is movably connected to the end of the bottom flat plate near the dust removal device via a second pin. When the wind cannot push the salt spray filter, the salt spray filter directly filters the salt spray particles in the wind, causing the salt spray particles to fall directly into the monitoring device, and then proceed to step 4. When the wind can push the salt spray filter, the wind continuously pushes the salt spray filter forward, the elastic cable is stretched, and the rocker arm drive rod drives the bottom flat plate. The plates move backward synchronously until the bottom flat plate closes the opening of the monitoring device. A small portion of the salt spray particles filtered by the salt spray filter fall directly into the monitoring device, while the majority fall onto the bottom flat plate. After the wind stops, the salt spray filter resets under the action of the elastic cable. During the reset process, the salt spray filter filters the trapped air in the filter chamber and simultaneously scrapes the salt spray particles that fell onto the bottom flat plate into the monitoring device, then proceeds to step 4. When the salt spray filter begins to move horizontally under the action of the wind, the elastic cable is stretched, generating elastic potential energy. After the wind stops, the elastic cable returns to its original length, converting the accumulated elastic potential energy into salt spray. The kinetic energy of the filter screen resets it to its initial position, filtering the air trapped inside the system and making the measurement of salt spray content more accurate. Simultaneously, when the wind speed is too low to move the salt spray filter, the air can be filtered directly at the end of the dust removal device and fall into the monitoring device. When the salt spray filter is displaced horizontally by the wind, the rocker arm drive rod causes the bottom plate to move horizontally in the opposite direction until the bottom plate moves to the dust removal device, thus sealing the opening on the monitoring device used to collect salt spray particles. This prevents air from directly entering the monitoring device during airflow, thus avoiding errors.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the salt spray collection device further includes an active reset mechanism. The active reset mechanism includes two electrically operated telescopic rods, which are horizontally arranged. The bases of the two electric telescopic rods are respectively installed on the top or side plate of the filter chamber. The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods are respectively positioned opposite the side of the salt spray filter screen away from the dust removal device. When the electric telescopic rods retract, they do not affect the free movement of the salt spray filter screen. When the electric telescopic rods extend, they can forcibly reset the salt spray filter screen to the side of the dust removal device. The electric telescopic rods are communicatively connected to the control system, which can control the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rods. The electric telescopic rods are in the retracted state most of the time. When the first gravity sensor is ready to measure, the electric telescopic rods are extended once to reset the salt spray filter screen before the first gravity sensor takes the measurement. After the salt spray filter screen is reset, the electric telescopic rods immediately return to the retracted state.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, the ratio of the weight of chloride ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of chloride ions over that period of time, and the ratio of the weight of sulfate ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of sulfate ions over that period of time. By monitoring the weight of salt spray particles, chloride ions, and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber at the top of each hour every day, the concentrations of chloride ions and sulfate ions at each hour can be obtained, thereby obtaining the trend and pattern of concentration changes of chloride ions and sulfate ions.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, a shovel-shaped component is installed at the bottom of the salt spray filter. The shovel-shaped component can scrape salt spray particles on the bottom platform into the salt spray collection device when the salt spray filter is reset.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 4, the monitoring device includes a bottom plate and a salt spray dissolving device. The salt spray dissolving device is installed on the bottom plate and close to the dust removal device. The salt spray dissolving device is open and includes a collection box, a magnetic stirrer, a first gravity sensor, and water in the collection box. The water is pure water. The top of the collection box is open, and the top opening of the collection box corresponds to the opening at the end of the partition plate near the dust removal device for salt spray particles to fall into the monitoring device. The magnetic stirrer is installed at the bottom of the collection box, and the first gravity sensor is located between the bottom plate and the bottom plate of the collection box. When salt spray particles enter the collection box, the magnetic stirrer accelerates the dissolution of the salt spray particles. The first gravity sensor obtains the weight of the salt spray particles by monitoring the weight change of the water in the collection box before and after collecting the salt spray particles.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the monitoring device further includes a component detection device, which can detect the weight of chloride ions and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filtration chamber.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the component detection device is located at the end of the salt spray dissolving device away from the dust removal device. The component detection device includes a chloride ion detection box, a second gravity sensor, a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a first water pump, a second water pump, a transfer box, and a third gravity sensor. The third gravity sensor is located between the bottom plate and the bottom plate of the transfer box. The first water pipe is located between the collection box and the transfer box. The detection box and the first water pump are respectively located on the first water pipe. The detection box is located between the first water pump and the collection box. The second water pipe is located in the collection box. Between the collection tank and the transfer tank, the second water pump is installed on the second water pipe. The chloride ion detection box is filled with silver ion gel. The first water pump allows water in the collection tank to flow through the chloride ion detection box and into the transfer tank. The silver ion gel in the chloride ion detection box can collect chloride ions, and the weight of the chloride ions is obtained by the second gravity sensor. The second water pump can pump the water in the transfer tank back to the collection tank to achieve circulation. The weight of sulfate ions is obtained by subtracting the weight of chloride ions measured by the second gravity sensor from the weight of salt spray particles measured by the first gravity sensor. The third gravity sensor can determine whether all the water in the collection tank has flowed into the transfer tank.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the air outlet mechanism includes an air outlet fixed seat, an air outlet arc-shaped end plate, an air outlet movable door plate, and an air outlet check plate. The air outlet fixed seat and the air outlet movable door plate are both arranged along the transverse length of the filter chamber. The air outlet fixed seat is a semi-circular groove with an upward-opening design. The top two ends of the semi-circular groove are fixedly connected to the top plate of the filter chamber, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the semi-circular groove. The arc-shaped end plate is located within the groove of the semi-circular groove. Inside, the outer surface of the arc-shaped exhaust end plate matches and adheres to the inner surface of the semi-circular exhaust groove. The upper end of the exhaust movable door plate passes through the through hole at the bottom of the semi-circular exhaust groove and is perpendicularly connected to the middle of the outer convex surface of the arc-shaped exhaust end plate. The exhaust check plate is fixedly installed in the exhaust fixing seat. The exhaust check plate is located on the outer side of the end of the arc-shaped exhaust end plate near the filter chamber. When the exhaust mechanism is closed, the upper end of the exhaust movable door plate is perpendicularly abutted against the partition plate. The exhaust check plate can restrict the exhaust movable door plate from rotating towards the filter chamber.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the ratio of the weight of chloride ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber to the weight of salt spray particles in the air flowing through the filter chamber is taken as the concentration of chloride ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber; the ratio of the weight of sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber to the weight of salt spray particles in the air flowing through the filter chamber is taken as the concentration of sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber.

[0021] As can be seen from the above-disclosed technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0022] This invention provides an intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments. The method employs an intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments. This system includes a dust removal device, a filter chamber, an air outlet mechanism, and a control system. The filter chamber is equipped with a salt spray collection device and a monitoring device. When air enters the dust removal device, it removes dust from the air, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring the concentration of corrosive components in the salt spray. The salt spray collection device collects salt spray particles from the air passing through the dust removal device and transfers them to the monitoring device. The monitoring device monitors the weight and internal composition content of the salt spray particles flowing through the filter chamber, enabling intelligent classification and analysis of corrosive components in the salt spray. This allows for targeted protective measures to be applied to concrete structures, improving the corrosion resistance and crack resistance of the concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the structure of the intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments under windless conditions.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments under windless conditions.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, as described in this invention, when reset by an active reset mechanism in windy conditions.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (side view) of the dust removal device in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (side view) of the dust removal device in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram (side view) of the salt spray collection device in this invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the monitoring device in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1-Dust removal device, 11-Power supply, 12-Auxiliary electrode transformer, 13-Dust collecting electrode transformer, 14-Auxiliary electrode, 15-Dust collecting electrode, 16-Dust hopper, 17-Dust gravity sensor, 18-First base plate, 2-Filter chamber, 3-Salt spray collection device, 31-Guide rail, 32-Elastic cable, 33-Salt spray filter, 34-Rocker arm transmission rod, 35-Bottom flat plate, 36-First pin, 37-Second pin, 38-Electric telescopic rod, 4-Air outlet mechanism, 41-Air outlet fixing seat, 42-Outlet... 43-Air outlet arc-shaped end plate, 44-Air outlet check plate, 5-Divider plate, 6-Salt spray dissolving device, 61-Collection box, 62-First gravity sensor, 63-Water, 64-Magnetic stirrer, 7-Component detection device, 71-Chloride ion detection box, 72-Second gravity sensor, 73-First water pipe, 74-Second water pipe, 75-First water pump, 76-Second water pump, 77-Transfer box, 78-Third gravity sensor, 8-Bottom plate, 100-Salt spray particles, 200-Dust. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical content and features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the listed embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention. For ease of description, the terms "upper" and "lower" used below are consistent with the upper and lower directions in the accompanying drawings, but this should not be construed as a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment discloses an intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Install an intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray. The intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray includes: a dust removal device 1, a filter chamber 2, an air outlet mechanism 4, and a control system. The filter chamber 2 has an airflow channel for air supply. The dust removal device 1 and the air outlet mechanism 4 are respectively located at the air inlet and air outlet of the filter chamber 2. The filter chamber 2 is equipped with a salt spray collection device 3 and a monitoring device. The monitoring device is located at the bottom of the filter chamber 2. A partition plate 5 is provided between the monitoring device and the filter chamber 2. The end of the partition plate 5 near the dust removal device 1 has an opening for salt spray particles to fall into the monitoring device. The dust removal device 1, the salt spray collection device 3, and the monitoring device are all communicatively connected to the control system.

[0034] Step 2: Activate the intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in the coastal environment salt spray. When the wind enters the dust removal device 1, the dust in the wind is removed by the dust removal device 1.

[0035] Step 3: After passing through the dust removal device 1, the air enters the filter chamber 2 and the salt mist particles in the air passing through the dust removal device 1 are collected into the monitoring device by the salt mist collection device 3.

[0036] Step 4: Monitor the weight of salt spray particles and the content of internal components in the air flowing through the filter chamber 2 using the monitoring device.

[0037] The present invention provides an intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments. When wind enters the dust removal device 1, the dust removal device 1 can remove dust from the wind, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray. The salt spray collection device 3 can collect salt spray particles from the wind passing through the dust removal device 1 into the monitoring device. The monitoring device can monitor the weight of salt spray particles and the content of their internal components in the wind flowing through the filter chamber 2, thereby enabling intelligent classification and analysis of corrosive components in salt spray. This allows for targeted protective measures to be applied to concrete structures, improving the corrosion resistance and crack resistance of concrete.

[0038] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 2, the dust removal device 1 includes a power supply 11, an auxiliary electrode transformer 12, a dust collection electrode transformer 13, an auxiliary electrode 14, a dust collection electrode 15, a dust hopper 16, and a dust gravity sensor 17. The power supply 11, auxiliary electrode transformer 12, dust collection electrode transformer 13, and dust gravity sensor 17 are respectively connected to the control system. The two ends of the top plate of the filter chamber 2 extend outward. The power supply 11, auxiliary electrode transformer 12, and dust collection electrode transformer 13 are respectively fixedly installed on the extension section of the air inlet port of the top plate of the filter chamber 2. The auxiliary electrode 14 and the dust collection electrode 15 are arranged parallel to each other outside the air inlet port of the filter chamber 2, forming an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet port of the filter chamber 2. The dust hopper 16... Located at the bottom of the air intake channel, the bottom of the ash hopper 16 is provided with a first base plate 18. The dust gravity sensor 17 is located between the first base plate 18 and the ash hopper 16. The power supply 11 is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode transformer 12 and the ash collecting electrode transformer 13 respectively. The auxiliary electrode transformer 12 is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode 14, and the ash collecting electrode transformer 13 is electrically connected to the ash collecting electrode 15. When the dust removal device 1 is powered on, a directed electric field is formed between the ash collecting electrode 15 and the auxiliary electrode 14 in the dust removal device 1, which separates the dust 200 and salt spray particles 100 in the airflow entering the air intake channel of the dust removal device 1. The dust becomes charged and moves towards the ash collecting electrode 15 under the action of the directed electric field and falls into the ash hopper 16. The weight of the dust in the airflow flowing through the dust removal device 1 can be measured by the dust gravity sensor 17. Because salt spray particles are close to conductors with low resistance, they easily lose charge, requiring a higher voltage to collect them. Therefore, salt spray is unaffected by the electric field in a low-voltage environment. Dust particles, on the other hand, have high resistance and are insulating or semi-insulating, allowing for effective adsorption even under low voltage conditions. Thus, controlling the electric field voltage can separate dust and salt spray particles from the air. Since the required electric field voltage for separating dust is relatively low, a small transformer can be used to step up and rectify the AC power supplied by power source 11 into DC power. This DC power is then connected via wires to make the auxiliary electrode 14 negatively charged and the dust collecting electrode 15 positively charged, creating a directed electric field between the two electrodes. When air enters through the inlet, the auxiliary electrode 14 ionizes the air, generating free electrons that collide with dust particles, causing them to become negatively charged. Under the influence of the electric field, these negatively charged dust particles move directionally towards the positive electrode, the dust collecting electrode 15. Once the charged dust reaches the dust collecting electrode 15, it falls freely and is collected by the dust hopper 16. The auxiliary electrode 14 serves two purposes here: it ionizes the air to make the dust negatively charged and it forms a directed electric field with the dust collecting electrode 15 to collect the dust. After the dust falls into the dust hopper 16, the mass of the dust in the air passing through the dust removal device 1 during this period is obtained by the dust gravity sensor 17.

[0039] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 3, the salt spray collection device 3 includes two guide rails 31, two elastic cables 32, a salt spray filter 33, two rocker arm transmission rods 34, and a bottom flat plate 35. The shape and size of the salt spray filter 33 are consistent with the shape and size of the cross-section of the airflow channel. The two guide rails 31 are embedded in the two side plates of the filter chamber 2. The two guide rails 31 are parallel to each other and parallel to the central axis of the airflow channel. The two sides of the salt spray filter 33 are provided with lugs that match the corresponding guide rails 31. One end of the elastic cable 32 is fixedly connected to the corresponding lug, and the other end of the elastic cable 32 is fixed to the opposite side of the filter chamber 2. On the side plate near the end of the dust removal device 1, the elastic cable 32 is parallel to and located within the corresponding guide rail 31. One end of the rocker arm transmission rod 34 is movably connected to the support frame on the salt spray filter 33 via the first pin 36, and the other end of the rocker arm transmission rod 34 is movably connected to the end of the bottom flat plate 35 near the dust removal device 1 via the second pin 37. When the wind cannot push the salt spray filter 33, the salt spray filter 33 directly filters the salt spray particles in the wind, causing the salt spray particles to fall directly into the monitoring device, and then proceed to step 4; when the wind can push the salt spray filter 33, the wind continuously pushes the salt spray filter 33 forward, the elastic cable 32 is stretched, causing the rocker arm transmission rod 34 to drive the bottom flat plate. The bottom plate 35 moves backward synchronously until it closes the opening of the monitoring device. A small portion of the salt spray particles filtered by the salt spray filter 33 fall directly into the monitoring device, while the majority fall onto the bottom plate 35. After the wind stops, the salt spray filter 33 resets under the action of the elastic cable 32. During the reset process, the salt spray filter 33 filters the trapped air in the filter chamber 2 and simultaneously scrapes the salt spray particles that fell onto the bottom plate 35 into the monitoring device, followed by step 4. When the salt spray filter 33 begins to move horizontally under the action of the wind, the elastic cable 32 is stretched, generating elastic potential energy. After the wind stops, the elastic cable 32 returns to its original length, converting the accumulated elastic potential energy into the kinetic energy of the salt spray filter 33. The salt spray filter 33 is reset to its initial position, filtering the air trapped inside the system (i.e., the air trapped between the salt spray filter 33 and the dust removal device 1), making the measurement of salt spray content more accurate. At the same time, when the wind speed is too low to move the salt spray filter 33, the air can be filtered directly at the end of the dust removal device 1 and fall into the monitoring device. When the salt spray filter 33 is displaced horizontally by the wind, the rocker arm transmission rod 34 drives the bottom flat plate 35 to move horizontally in the opposite direction until the bottom flat plate 35 moves to the dust removal device 1, thereby closing the opening on the monitoring device used to collect salt spray particles, preventing air from directly entering the monitoring device during the flow process and causing errors.

[0040] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, the salt spray collection device 3 further includes an active reset mechanism. The active reset mechanism includes two electrically operated telescopic rods 38, which are horizontally arranged. The bases of the two electric telescopic rods 38 are respectively installed on the top or side plate of the filter chamber 2. The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods 38 are respectively positioned opposite the side of the salt spray filter 33 furthest from the dust outlet. When the electric telescopic rods 38 retract, they do not affect the automatic retraction of the salt spray filter 33. When the electric telescopic rod 38 extends, it can forcibly reset the salt spray filter 33 to the side of the dust removal device 1. The electric telescopic rod 38 is communicatively connected to the control system, which can control the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 38. The electric telescopic rod 38 is in the retracted state most of the time. When the first gravity sensor 62 is ready to measure, the electric telescopic rod 38 extends once to reset the salt spray filter 33 before the first gravity sensor 62 takes its measurement. After the salt spray filter 33 resets, the electric telescopic rod 38 immediately returns to the retracted state. In this way, the weight of salt spray particles, chloride ions, and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber 2 can be measured at any time within a required time period while improving measurement accuracy.

[0041] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, the partition plate 5 forms a stepped structure, which can limit the maximum distance of the bottom flat plate 35 from the dust removal device 1, thereby improving the reliability of monitoring.

[0042] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the salt spray filter 33 consists of an outer frame made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel, and an internal filter. A shovel-shaped component is installed at the bottom of the salt spray filter 33. This shovel-shaped component scrapes salt spray particles on the bottom platform into the salt spray collection device 3 when the salt spray filter 33 resets, facilitating the collection of filtered salt spray particles. Since the particle size of salt spray particles in coastal environments is mainly concentrated between 1-5 μm, the salt spray filter 33 can use an F9-grade medium-efficiency filter with a filtration accuracy of 0.5 μm, achieving a filtration efficiency of over 95%, effectively filtering salt spray particles from the air. Through physical interception, the salt spray in the air is separated from the air. The intercepted salt spray falls onto the bottom flat plate 35 under gravity and is collected as the salt spray filter 33 returns to its original position under the action of the elastic cable 32, ultimately entering the monitoring device for component detection.

[0043] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, in step 4, the monitoring device includes a bottom plate 8 and a salt spray dissolving device 6. The salt spray dissolving device 6 is disposed on the bottom plate 8 and near the dust removal device 1. The salt spray dissolving device 6 is open and includes a collection box 61, a magnetic stirrer 64, a first gravity sensor 62, and water 63 disposed in the collection box 61. The water 63 is pure water. The top of the collection box 61 is open. The top opening of the collection box 61 corresponds to the opening at the end of the partition plate 5 near the dust removal device 1 for salt spray particles to fall into the monitoring device. The magnetic stirrer 64 is installed at the bottom of the collection box 61. The first gravity sensor 62 is disposed between the bottom plate and the bottom plate 8 of the collection box 61. When salt spray particles enter the collection box 61, the magnetic stirrer 64 accelerates the dissolution of the salt spray particles. The first gravity sensor 62 obtains the weight of the salt spray particles by monitoring the weight change of the water in the collection box 61 before and after collecting the salt spray particles.

[0044] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the monitoring device further includes a component detection device 7, which can detect the weight of chloride ions and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber 2.

[0045] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, the component detection device 7 is disposed at the end of the salt spray dissolving device 6 away from the dust removal device 1. The component detection device 7 includes a chloride ion detection box 71, a second gravity sensor 72, a first water pipe 73, a second water pipe 74, a first water pump 75 and a second water pump 76, a transfer box 77, and a third gravity sensor 78. The third gravity sensor 78 is disposed between the bottom plate and the bottom plate 8 of the transfer box 77. The first water pipe 73 is disposed between the collection box 61 and the transfer box 77. The detection box and the first water pump 75 are respectively disposed on the first water pipe 73. The detection box is located between the first water pump 75 and the collection box 61. The second water pipe 74 is disposed between the collection box 61 and the transfer box 77. Between the collection box 61 and the transfer box 77, the second water pump 76 is installed on the second water pipe 74. The chloride ion detection box 71 is filled with silver ion gel. The first water pump 75 enables the water in the collection box 61 to flow through the chloride ion detection box 71 and then into the transfer box 77. The silver ion gel in the chloride ion detection box 71 can collect chloride ions, and the weight of the chloride ions is obtained by the second gravity sensor 72. The second water pump 76 can pump the water in the transfer box 77 back to the collection box 61 to achieve circulation. The weight of sulfate ions is obtained by subtracting the weight of chloride ions measured by the second gravity sensor 72 from the weight of salt spray particles measured by the first gravity sensor 62. The third gravity sensor 78 can determine whether all the water in the collection box 61 has flowed into the transfer box 77. Since the main components of salt spray are sulfate ions and chloride ions, and other components can be ignored, the weight of sulfate ions can be obtained by subtracting the weight of chloride ions measured by the second gravity sensor 72 from the weight of salt spray particles measured by the first gravity sensor 62. This enables intelligent classification and analysis of corrosive components in salt spray, yielding the concentration and trend of each component. Consequently, targeted protective measures can be applied to concrete structures to improve their corrosion resistance and crack resistance.

[0046] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, both ends of the first water pipe 74 and both ends of the second water pipe 75 extend into the bottom of the collection box 61 and the transfer box 77, respectively, to ensure that the water in the collection box 61 or the transfer box 77 can be completely extracted, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement of the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray.

[0047] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, the air outlet mechanism 4 can only be opened in one direction, allowing air to flow from the filter chamber 2 to the outside through the air outlet mechanism 4, and prohibiting air from entering the filter chamber 2 from the outside through the air outlet mechanism 4. The air outlet mechanism 4 includes an air outlet fixed seat 41, an air outlet arc-shaped end plate 42, an air outlet movable door plate 43, and an air outlet anti-reverse plate 44. The air outlet fixed seat 41 and the air outlet movable door plate 43 are both arranged along the transverse length of the filter chamber 2. The air outlet fixed seat 41 is a semi-circular groove with an upward opening. The top two ends of the semi-circular groove are fixedly connected to the top plate of the filter chamber 2, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the semi-circular groove. The air outlet arc-shaped end plate 42 is located in the groove of the air outlet semi-circular groove body. The outer surface of the air outlet arc-shaped end plate 42 matches and abuts the inner surface of the air outlet semi-circular groove body. The upper end of the air outlet movable door plate 43 passes through the through hole at the bottom of the air outlet semi-circular groove body and is perpendicularly connected to the middle of the outer convex surface of the air outlet arc-shaped end plate 42. The air outlet anti-reverse plate 44 is fixedly installed in the air outlet fixed seat 41. The air outlet anti-reverse plate 44 is located on the outer side of the end of the air outlet arc-shaped end plate 42 near the filter chamber 2. When the air outlet mechanism is closed, the upper end of the air outlet movable door plate 43 is perpendicularly abutted against the partition plate 5. The air outlet anti-reverse plate 44 can restrict the air outlet movable door plate 43 from rotating in the direction closer to the filter chamber 2.

[0048] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray, the ratio of the weight of chloride ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of chloride ions during that period, which can also be expressed as the mass fraction of chloride ions wCl = mCl / m 盐雾 The ratio of the weight of sulfate ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of sulfate ions during that period, which can also be expressed as the mass fraction of sulfate ions: wSO4 = mSO4 / m 盐雾 The system can monitor the weight of salt spray particles, chloride ions, and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filtration chamber at the top of each hour, obtaining the hourly concentrations of chloride and sulfate ions. This allows for the analysis of concentration trends and patterns, enabling targeted protection of concrete structures. Specifically, data can be collected every hour from 0:00 to 24:00, providing the mass of salt spray particles, chloride ions, and sulfate ions within the salt spray for each hour. Since the mass of water in the monitoring device is known, mass ratios can be calculated to obtain wCl1...wCl24 and wSO41...wSO424, allowing for analysis of salt spray concentrations at specific times of the day.

[0049] In summary, the intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray provided by this invention can improve the accuracy of monitoring the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray by removing dust from the air after it enters the dust removal device 1. The salt spray collection device 3 can collect the salt spray particles in the air passing through the dust removal device 1 into the monitoring device. The monitoring device can monitor the weight of the salt spray particles and the content of their internal components in the air flowing through the filter chamber 2, thereby enabling intelligent classification and analysis of corrosive components in the salt spray. This allows for targeted protective measures to be applied to the concrete structure, improving the corrosion resistance and crack resistance of the concrete.

[0050] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Install an intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in coastal salt spray. This system includes a dust removal device, a filter chamber, an air outlet mechanism, and a control system. The filter chamber has an airflow channel for air passage. The dust removal device and the air outlet mechanism are respectively located at the air inlet and outlet of the filter chamber. The filter chamber is equipped with a salt spray collection device and a monitoring device. The monitoring device is located at the bottom of the filter chamber. A partition plate is provided between the monitoring device and the filter chamber. The end of the partition plate near the dust removal device has an opening for salt spray particles to fall onto the monitoring device. The dust removal device, salt spray collection device, and monitoring device are all communicatively connected to the control system. Step 2: Activate the intelligent detection system for the concentration of corrosive components in the coastal environment salt spray. When the wind enters the dust removal device, the dust in the wind is removed by the dust removal device. Step 3: After the air passes through the dust removal device, it enters the filtration chamber and the salt mist particles in the air passing through the dust removal device are collected into the monitoring device by the salt mist collection device. Step 4: Monitor the weight of salt spray particles and the content of their internal components in the air flowing through the filtration chamber using the monitoring device.

2. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the dust removal device includes a power supply, an auxiliary electrode transformer, a dust collecting electrode transformer, an auxiliary electrode, a dust collecting electrode, a dust hopper, and a dust gravity sensor. The top plate of the filter chamber extends outwards at both ends. The power supply, auxiliary electrode transformer, and dust collecting electrode transformer are respectively fixedly installed on the extended section of the air inlet port of the top plate of the filter chamber. The auxiliary electrode and the dust collecting electrode are arranged parallel to each other outside the air inlet port of the filter chamber, forming an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet port of the filter chamber. The dust hopper is located at the bottom of the air inlet channel, and the bottom of the dust hopper is provided with a first bottom plate. A force sensor is installed between the first base plate and the ash hopper. The power supply is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode transformer and the ash collecting electrode transformer, respectively. The auxiliary electrode transformer is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode, and the ash collecting electrode transformer is electrically connected to the ash collecting electrode. When the dust removal device is powered on, a directed electric field is formed between the ash collecting electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the dust removal device. This separates the dust and salt spray particles in the airflow entering the air intake channel of the dust removal device. The dust becomes charged and moves towards the ash collecting electrode under the action of the directed electric field and falls into the ash hopper. The weight of the dust in the airflow flowing through the dust removal device can be measured by the dust gravity sensor.

3. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the salt spray collection device includes two guide rails, two elastic cables, a salt spray filter, two rocker arm transmission rods, and a bottom flat plate. The shape and size of the salt spray filter are consistent with the shape and size of the cross-section of the airflow channel. The two guide rails are embedded in the two side plates of the filter chamber, and the two guide rails are parallel to each other and parallel to the central axis of the airflow channel. The salt spray filter has lugs on both sides that match the corresponding guide rails. One end of the elastic cable is fixedly connected to the corresponding lug, and the other end of the elastic cable is fixed to the end of the corresponding side plate of the filter chamber near the dust removal device. The elastic cable is parallel to the corresponding guide rail and located within the corresponding guide rail. One end of the rocker arm transmission rod is movably connected to the support frame on the salt spray filter through a first pin, and the other end of the rocker arm transmission rod is connected through... The second pin is movably connected to the end of the bottom flat plate near the dust removal device. When the wind cannot push the salt spray filter, the salt spray filter directly filters the salt spray particles in the wind, causing the salt spray particles to fall directly into the monitoring device, and then proceed to step 4. When the wind can push the salt spray filter, the wind continuously pushes the salt spray filter forward, the elastic cable is stretched, causing the rocker arm transmission rod to drive the bottom flat plate to move backward synchronously until the bottom flat plate closes the opening of the monitoring device. A small portion of the salt spray particles filtered by the salt spray filter fall directly into the monitoring device, and most of them fall onto the bottom flat plate. After the wind stops, the salt spray filter resets under the action of the elastic cable. During the reset process, the salt spray filter filters the trapped air in the filter chamber and scrapes the salt spray particles that have fallen onto the bottom flat plate into the monitoring device, and then proceeds to step 4.

4. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The salt spray collection device also includes an active reset mechanism, which comprises two electrically operated telescopic rods. These two rods are horizontally positioned, with their bases mounted on the top or side plates of the filter chamber. The telescopic ends of the rods are positioned opposite the side of the salt spray filter screen furthest from the dust removal device. When the rods retract, they do not impede the free movement of the salt spray filter screen. When the rods extend, they force the salt spray filter screen back to the side of the dust removal device. The rods are communicatively connected to the control system, which controls their extension and retraction. The rods are mostly in a retracted state. When the first gravity sensor is ready to measure, the rods extend once to reset the salt spray filter screen before measurement. Once the salt spray filter screen is reset, the rods immediately return to their retracted state.

5. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the weight of chloride ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of chloride ions during that period, and the ratio of the weight of sulfate ions to the weight of salt spray particles measured over a period of time is taken as the concentration of sulfate ions during that period. By monitoring the weight of salt spray particles, chloride ions, and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filter chamber at the top of each hour every day, the concentrations of chloride ions and sulfate ions at each hour can be obtained, thus revealing the trends and patterns of concentration changes of chloride ions and sulfate ions.

6. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The salt spray filter consists of an outer frame made of corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel, and an internal filter. A shovel-shaped component is installed at the bottom of the salt spray filter. When the salt spray filter is reset, the shovel-shaped component can scrape the salt spray particles on the bottom platform into the salt spray collection device.

7. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the monitoring device includes a bottom plate and a salt spray dissolving device. The salt spray dissolving device is mounted on the bottom plate and positioned near the dust removal device. The salt spray dissolving device is open and includes a collection box, a magnetic stirrer, a first gravity sensor, and water (purified water) in the collection box. The top of the collection box is open, and the top opening of the collection box corresponds to the opening on the end of the partition plate near the dust removal device for salt spray particles to fall into the monitoring device. The magnetic stirrer is installed at the bottom of the collection box, and the first gravity sensor is positioned between the bottom plate and the bottom plate of the collection box. When salt spray particles enter the collection box, the magnetic stirrer accelerates the dissolution of the salt spray particles, and the first gravity sensor obtains the weight of the salt spray particles by monitoring the weight change of the water in the collection box before and after collecting the salt spray particles.

8. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring device also includes a component detection device, which can detect the weight of chloride ions and sulfate ions in the air flowing through the filtration chamber.

9. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The component detection device is located at the end of the salt spray dissolving device away from the dust removal device. The component detection device includes a chloride ion detection box, a second gravity sensor, a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a first water pump, a second water pump, a transfer box, and a third gravity sensor. The third gravity sensor is located between the bottom plate and the bottom plate of the transfer box. The first water pipe is located between the collection box and the transfer box. The detection box and the first water pump are respectively located on the first water pipe. The detection box is located between the first water pump and the collection box. The second water pipe is located between the collection box and the transfer box. The second water pump is located... On the second water pipe, the chloride ion detection box is filled with silver ion gel. The first water pump allows the water in the collection tank to flow through the chloride ion detection box and into the transfer box. The silver ion gel in the chloride ion detection box can collect chloride ions, and the weight of the chloride ions is obtained by the second gravity sensor. The second water pump can pump the water in the transfer box back to the collection tank to achieve circulation. The weight of sulfate ions is obtained by subtracting the weight of chloride ions measured by the second gravity sensor from the weight of salt spray particles measured by the first gravity sensor. The third gravity sensor can determine whether all the water in the collection tank has flowed into the transfer box.

10. The intelligent detection method for the concentration of corrosive components in salt spray in coastal environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet mechanism includes an air outlet fixed seat, an air outlet arc-shaped end plate, an air outlet movable door plate, and an air outlet check plate. The air outlet fixed seat and the air outlet movable door plate are both arranged along the transverse length of the filter chamber. The air outlet fixed seat is a semi-circular groove with an upward-opening design. The top two ends of the semi-circular groove are fixedly connected to the top plate of the filter chamber. A through hole is formed at the bottom of the semi-circular groove. The arc-shaped end plate is located within the groove of the semi-circular groove. The outer surface of the arc-shaped end plate... Matching and adhering to the inner surface of the semi-circular outlet groove, the upper end of the movable outlet door plate passes through the through hole at the bottom of the semi-circular outlet groove and is perpendicularly connected to the middle of the outer convex surface of the arc-shaped outlet end plate. The outlet check plate is fixedly installed in the outlet fixing seat. The outlet check plate is located on the outer side of the end of the arc-shaped outlet end plate near the filter chamber. When the outlet mechanism is closed, the upper end of the movable outlet door plate is perpendicularly abutted against the partition plate. The outlet check plate can restrict the movable outlet door plate from rotating towards the filter chamber.

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