Auxiliary aiming tool, use method thereof and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses an auxiliary aiming tool, a base station antenna and an adjusting method of the base station antenna, and relates to the field of communication. An auxiliary aiming tool comprises a tool base body, a first aiming line and a second aiming line. The tool base body is provided with a first bearing face and a second bearing face which are arranged in a spaced mode in the first direction. The first aiming line is arranged on the first bearing face and extends in the second direction, the second aiming line is arranged on the second bearing face and is parallel to the first aiming line, and the first aiming line and the second aiming line are used for being located on the same plane with a perpendicular main lobe normal of a base station antenna. The problem that an adjusting tool is inconvenient to operate at least can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an auxiliary aiming tool, its usage method, and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology and the economy, people have increasingly higher requirements for wireless communication, especially for linear routes, which are key brand scenarios for telecommunications operators and require high-quality communication support. Taking high-speed rail as an example, users are primarily VIP customers, mainly business travelers, with high communication demands. High-speed rail vehicles suffer significant wear and tear, further increasing the difficulty of coverage within the train carriages. Wireless communication networks are extremely busy during high-speed rail travel and very idle during off-peak hours. To improve wireless network coverage and capacity and solve the coverage challenges of high-speed rail lines, the industry has designed a "Pizza antenna." It should be noted that the combination of the roll bar and the antenna can be called a Pizza antenna or a winged antenna; the roll bar is also known as a Pizza fixture or a winged fixture.

[0003] The attitude adjustment parameters for the Pisa antenna include azimuth (the angle at which the antenna's horizontal main lobe normal rotates to a state perpendicular to the track when the antenna mast clamps are loosened), downtilt (adjusting the degree of the large downtilt arm, with the pre-made electronic downtilt angle set to 0), and roll angle (the roll dials of the Pisa antenna simultaneously rotate to the planned angle).

[0004] Considering that the Pisa antenna mainly relies on the vertical beam to cover the track, the vertical beam width is generally 5-7°. The vertical beam width is small, and the accuracy requirements for the azimuth and downtilt angles are very high. Therefore, it is not possible to use the degree measurement methods of traditional antennas such as compasses and inclinometers.

[0005] The industry's methods for adjusting the attitude of the Bisa antenna include: First, staff use tools such as markers, steel tape measures, and laser pointers to measure and draw lines. This method suffers from problems such as the large number of tools used, long operation time, complex operation steps, large errors, and low efficiency. Second, staff use aiming azimuth tools, digital rangefinders, and inclinometers to adjust the azimuth and downtilt angles. This method also suffers from problems such as the large number of tools used, complex operation steps, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an auxiliary aiming tool, its usage method, and a base station antenna, which can at least solve problems such as the inconvenience of adjusting the tool.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: This application provides an auxiliary aiming tool, including: a tool base, a first aiming line, and a second aiming line; The tool base is provided with a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface that are spaced apart along a first direction; The first aiming line is located on the first bearing surface and extends along the second direction. The second aiming line is located on the second bearing surface and is parallel to the first aiming line. The first aiming line and the second aiming line are arranged in the same plane as the vertical main lobe normal of the base station antenna.

[0008] This application embodiment also provides a base station antenna, including: an antenna body and the above-mentioned auxiliary aiming tool; The auxiliary aiming tool is located on the outside of the antenna body; The first aiming line, the second aiming line, and the vertical main lobe normal of the antenna body are in the same plane.

[0009] This application embodiment also provides a method for using an auxiliary aiming tool, applied to the aforementioned auxiliary aiming tool, the method of use including: The auxiliary aiming tool is mounted to the antenna body, which is an antenna with roll angle adjustment; Adjust the auxiliary aiming tool to change the azimuth angle of the antenna body, so that the second aiming line and the center line of the track coincide for aiming; Adjust the auxiliary aiming tool to change the downward tilt angle of the antenna body, so that the first aiming line, the second aiming line and the center line of the track coincide for aiming.

[0010] In this embodiment, an auxiliary aiming tool is used to adjust the attitude of the base station antenna, thereby increasing the beam coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the track, thus improving the coverage and capacity of the wireless network and alleviating the track coverage problem. The auxiliary aiming tool may include a first aiming line and a second aiming line spaced apart and parallel to each other in a first direction, both extending along a second direction. When the auxiliary aiming tool is applied to the base station antenna, the first and second aiming lines are aligned with the vertical main lobe normal of the base station antenna in the same plane. Thus, when adjusting the attitude of the base station antenna using the auxiliary aiming tool, the attitude can be adjusted by aligning the first and second aiming lines with the center line of the track (three lines), or by aligning the second aiming line with the center line of the track (two lines), thereby expanding the beam coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the track.

[0011] Compared to related technologies that use tools such as markers, steel tape measures, and laser pointers to measure and draw lines to adjust the attitude of base station antennas, and that use aiming azimuth tools, digital rangefinders, and tilt meters to adjust the azimuth and downtilt angles, the embodiments of this application can adjust the attitude of base station antennas without the need for multiple measuring tools. This reduces operational complexity, improves operational efficiency, and makes the attitude adjustment of base station antennas more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary aiming tool disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a base station antenna, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application, achieves main lobe coverage of a target object (such as a railway track). Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-line convergence aiming method disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of calculating the line widths of the first and second aiming lines disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna body disclosed in the embodiments of this application from a top view.

[0013] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 01-Aiming Aids; 10-Tool base; 11-Base plate; 111-Mounting part; 1111-Holding hole; 1112-Mounting hole; 12-Bearing block; 12a-Hollow cavity; 121-First bearing surface; 122-Second bearing surface; 20 - First aiming line; 30 - Second aiming line; 02-Antenna body; 03-Track. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0016] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples and application scenarios.

[0017] refer to Figures 1 to 5 This application discloses an auxiliary aiming tool 01 for adjusting the attitude of a base station antenna to expand the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna over a target object. The base station antenna can be a Pisa antenna, and the target object can be a track 03, waterway, waterway, highway, etc. Of course, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 can also be applied to other objects, and no specific limitation is made here. The disclosed auxiliary aiming tool 01 includes a tool base 10, a first aiming line 20, and a second aiming line 30.

[0018] The tool base 10 is a basic component that supports the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, and can also be connected to the antenna body 02 of the base station antenna to mount the auxiliary aiming tool 01 to the antenna body 02. The tool base 10 has a first bearing surface 121 and a second bearing surface 122, which are spaced apart along a first direction. It should be noted that the tool base 10 has a certain thickness in the first direction, allowing the first bearing surface 121 and the second bearing surface 122 to be a certain distance apart in the first direction.

[0019] Optionally, the first bearing surface 121 and the second bearing surface 122 can be respectively disposed at opposite ends of the tool base 10 along the first direction. Of course, at least one of the first bearing surface 121 and the second bearing surface 122 can also be disposed inside the tool base 10, as long as the two are a certain distance apart in the first direction, and the specific distribution form is not limited.

[0020] The first aiming line 20 is set on the first bearing surface 121, and the second aiming line 30 is set on the second bearing surface 122. In this way, the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can be spaced a certain distance apart in the first direction, and the stability of the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can also be guaranteed.

[0021] Furthermore, both the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can extend along the second direction, that is, the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 are set in parallel, so that the staff can aim at the target based on the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, such as aiming at the track 03.

[0022] It should be noted that the distance between the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 needs to be of moderate size, neither too large nor too small. If it is too large, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 will be too large, making it difficult to carry or operate; if it is too small, the aiming accuracy will be reduced. For example, the distance between the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can range from 50mm to 150mm, including, for example, 50mm, 75mm, 100mm, 125mm, 150mm, etc., and of course, other values ​​are also possible, which are not specifically limited here.

[0023] Optionally, the first direction and the second direction can be perpendicular, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the first direction can be the thickness direction of the tool base 10, and the second direction can be the length direction of the tool base 10. Of course, it is not limited to this case; as long as the target can be aimed through the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, the specific form is not limited. In this embodiment, the color selection of the aiming line is as follows: the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can be selected from three primary colors: red, green, and blue, to facilitate clear observation by the operator and reduce confusion and blurring. Optionally, the first aiming line 20 can be located on the side closer to the operator's eyes and can be green, while the second aiming line 30 can be located on the side farther from the operator's eyes and can be red, to facilitate clearer observation.

[0024] Furthermore, when the auxiliary aiming tool 01 is applied to the base station antenna, the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 are used to be in the same plane as the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the base station antenna. Based on this, when the auxiliary aiming tool 01 aims at the target object through the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, the position of the base station antenna is adjusted to the correct position. At this time, the vertical main lobe of the base station antenna can cover the target object to the maximum extent, thereby expanding the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the target object.

[0025] Taking the target object as track 03 and the base station antenna as a Pisa antenna as an example, the vertical main lobe of the base station antenna covers track 03, and the vertical main lobe normal PQ falls on the center line of the outer track 03. In other words, the center line of track 03 needs to be completely coincident with the vertical main lobe normal PQ.

[0026] To achieve this effect, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 is installed on the antenna body 02 of the base station antenna. During the adjustment process, the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30, and the center line of the outer track 03 are aligned along the operator's line of sight. That is, the vertical main lobe normal PQ coincides with the center line of the outer track 03. In this case, the adjustment process of the base station antenna attitude is completed, the aiming operation is achieved, and the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna over track 03 can be expanded.

[0027] In this embodiment, an auxiliary aiming tool 01 is used to adjust the attitude of the base station antenna to improve the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna beam on the track 03, thereby improving the coverage and capacity of the wireless network and alleviating the coverage problem of the track 03. The auxiliary aiming tool 01 may include a first aiming line 20 and a second aiming line 30 spaced apart and parallel in a first direction, both extending along a second direction. When the auxiliary aiming tool 01 is applied to the base station antenna, the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 are aligned with the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the base station antenna in the same plane. Thus, when adjusting the attitude of the base station antenna using the auxiliary aiming tool 01, the attitude can be adjusted by aligning the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 with the center line of the track 03 (three lines), or by aligning the second aiming line 30 with the center line of the track 03 (two lines), thereby expanding the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna beam on the track 03.

[0028] Compared to related technologies that use tools such as markers, steel tape measures, and laser pointers to measure and draw lines to adjust the attitude of base station antennas, and that use aiming azimuth tools, digital rangefinders, and tilt meters to adjust the azimuth and downtilt angles, the embodiments of this application can adjust the attitude of base station antennas without the need for multiple measuring tools. This reduces operational complexity, improves operational efficiency, and makes the attitude adjustment of base station antennas more convenient.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the tool base 10 may include a substrate 11 and a carrier block 12 disposed on the substrate 11. The substrate 11 may be used to mount the antenna body 02 of the base station antenna to ensure the stability of the installation between the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the antenna body 02. The carrier block 12 may be used to carry the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30.

[0030] Optionally, the substrate 11 and the carrier block 12 can be integrally formed, that is, the entire tool base 10 is a single structure; of course, the substrate 11 and the carrier block 12 can also be two separate structures, and the carrier block 12 is connected to the surface of the substrate 11, for example, by welding, bonding, screwing, snap-fitting or other methods.

[0031] The support block 12 may include a first support surface 121 and a second support surface 122. The first support surface 121 is disposed on the surface of the substrate 11, and the second support surface 122 is disposed on the side of the support block 12 away from the substrate 11. In this way, the first support surface 121 and the second support surface 122 can be spaced apart in the first direction, so that the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 are spaced apart from each other and parallel in the first direction.

[0032] Optionally, the support block 12 can be located on the surface of the substrate 11 along the first direction (i.e., the thickness direction); of course, the support block 12 can also be located at one end of the substrate 11 along the second direction (i.e., the length direction).

[0033] For the case where the substrate 11 and the carrier block 12 are integrally formed: When the support block 12 is located on the plate surface of the substrate 11 along the first direction, the first support surface 121 can be coplanar with the plate surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12. That is, the first support surface 121 is a part of the plate surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12. In this case, it can also be considered that the first aiming line 20 is located on the plate surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12.

[0034] When the support block 12 is located at one end of the substrate 11 along the second direction, the first support surface 121 can be coplanar with the plate surface of the substrate 11 on the side opposite to the protrusion direction of the support block 12. That is, the first support surface 121 is a part of the plate surface of the substrate 11 on the side opposite to the protrusion direction of the support block 12. In this case, it can also be considered that the first aiming line 20 is located on the plate surface of the substrate 11 on the side opposite to the protrusion direction of the support block 12.

[0035] For cases where the substrate 11 and the support block 12 are two separate structures: When the support block 12 is located on the plate surface of the substrate 11 along the first direction, the first support surface 121 can be in contact with the plate surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12. In this case, the first aiming line 20 is also in contact with the plate surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12.

[0036] When the support block 12 is located at one end of the substrate 11 along the second direction, the first support surface 121 can be coplanar with the plate surface of the substrate 11 on the side opposite to the protrusion direction of the support block 12. In this case, the first aiming line 20 is also coplanar with the plate surface of the substrate 11 on the side opposite to the protrusion direction of the support block 12.

[0037] To enable operators to perform aiming operations, in some embodiments, both the substrate 11 and the support block 12 can be transparent. In this way, operators can see the track 03, which is the target object, through the substrate 11 and the support block 12. By adjusting the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the antenna body 02 connected to it, the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30, and the center line of the outer track 03 can be made to coincide on the line of sight, thereby achieving the adjustment of the attitude of the base station antenna to ensure that the coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the track 03 is maximized.

[0038] Optionally, the transparency of the aforementioned transparent structure can be 100%, allowing personnel to clearly see the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, thereby facilitating observation and operation. For example, the transparent structure can be made of transparent acrylic material; of course, other materials can also be used.

[0039] In some other embodiments, the substrate 11 and the support block 12 may both be non-transparent structures. In this case, if the operator wants to achieve aiming, it is necessary to open the cutouts in the areas where the first target line and the second target line are located, so that the operator can see the track 03, which is the target object, through the cutouts.

[0040] Specifically, the first bearing surface 121 may be provided with a first hollow portion, and the first aiming line 20 is provided at the first hollow portion to ensure that the first aiming line 20 can be exposed and seen by the staff; the second bearing surface 122 may be provided with a second hollow portion, so that the aiming line is provided at the second hollow portion to ensure that the second aiming line 30 can be exposed and seen by the staff.

[0041] Furthermore, when the carrier block 12 is located on one side of the substrate 11 along the first direction, the first cutout portion, the second cutout portion, and the substrate 11 are connected along the first direction. In this way, the substrate 11 and the carrier block 12 can prevent the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 from being blocked, ensuring that the operator can see the second aiming line 30 from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located. Thus, the target can be aimed at through the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, thereby realizing the adjustment of the attitude of the base station antenna.

[0042] When the support block 12 is one end of the substrate 11 along the second direction, the first cutout portion and the second cutout portion are connected along the first direction. In this way, the support block 12 can prevent the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 from being blocked, ensuring that the staff can see the second aiming line 30 from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located. Thus, the target object can be aimed through the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, thereby realizing the adjustment of the attitude of the base station antenna.

[0043] In some embodiments, the substrate 11 may be provided with a mounting portion 111 for mounting to the antenna body 02. Along the second direction, the support block 12 is offset from the mounting portion 111, and one end containing the second support surface 122 protrudes from the mounting portion 111 along the first direction. Based on this configuration, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 can be mounted to the antenna body 02 through the mounting portion 111, ensuring the installation stability of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the antenna body 02, which is beneficial for improving the accuracy of base station antenna attitude adjustment.

[0044] In addition, the support block 12 and the mounting part 111 are offset in the second direction so that the support block 12 and the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 it carries will not be blocked by the antenna body 02, thus ensuring the normal use of the auxiliary aiming tool 01.

[0045] The end of the second bearing surface 122 protrudes from the mounting part 111 along the first direction. The side wall of the bearing block 12 can fit with the side wall of the antenna body 02. With the connection between the mounting part 111 and the antenna body 02, the contact area between the tool base 10 and the antenna body 02 can be increased, thereby improving the installation stability of the auxiliary aiming tool 01, further improving the aiming accuracy, and thus improving the attitude adjustment accuracy of the base station antenna.

[0046] In addition, the contact area between the tool base 10 and the antenna body 02 must be kept clean, flat, free from deformation, and not filled with other foreign objects.

[0047] Optionally, the contact area of ​​the antenna body 02 of the mounting part 111 can be a rectangular surface of 100mm*200mm; the contact area between the support block 12 and the antenna body 02 can be trapezoidal, with an upper base of 50mm, a lower base of 100mm, and a height of 100mm. In addition, the support block 12 has a hollow cavity 12a, so that the side wall thickness of the support block 12 can be 5mm.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mounting portion 111 may be provided with a gripping hole 1111, which extends through the mounting portion 111 in a first direction. This allows the operator to insert their hand into the gripping hole 1111 to grasp the auxiliary aiming tool 01, facilitating its installation onto the antenna body 02. Optionally, the gripping hole 1111 may be a rectangular hole of 10mm x 80mm, with rounded corners to prevent hand injuries.

[0049] To mount the tool base 10 to the antenna body 02, the mounting portion 111 may be provided with a mounting hole 1112, which penetrates the mounting portion 111. Optionally, the mounting hole 1112 may penetrate the mounting portion 111 in a third direction. Of course, the mounting hole 1112 may also penetrate the mounting portion 111 in a first direction, which can be set according to actual installation requirements.

[0050] The auxiliary aiming tool 01 may also include a fastener, with a mounting hole 1112 for inserting the fastener and connecting it to the antenna body 02 of the base station antenna. Based on this, the mounting part 111 can be firmly installed onto the antenna body 02 under the tightening action of the fastener, thereby ensuring stable installation between the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the antenna body 02.

[0051] Optionally, the fastener can be a strap, which can be used to securely fasten the auxiliary aiming tool 01 to the antenna body 02.

[0052] It should be noted that, for ease of observation and operation by staff, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 can be securely mounted to the antenna body 02 using straps. The straps should not be filled between the contact surfaces of the tool base 10 and the antenna body 02. This increases the thickness of the substrate 11 at the mounting portion 111 and allows for the opening of a mounting hole 1112 extending through the mounting portion 111 in a third direction for the straps to pass through. Optionally, the thickness at the mounting portion 111 can be 15mm to facilitate the installation of a mounting hole 1112 with a diameter of 8mm extending through the third direction.

[0053] Optionally, the straps may be retractable to allow the auxiliary aiming tool 01 to be securely fastened to the antenna body 02.

[0054] Optionally, there can be one or more mounting holes 1112, and correspondingly, there can be one or more fasteners, which can be set according to actual needs.

[0055] In some embodiments, the support block 12 may have a hollow cavity 12a. Along the first direction, the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 may be located on opposite sides of the hollow cavity 12a. This reduces the amount of material between the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30, thereby mitigating the problem of increased aiming error caused by refraction and scattering of light between the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30. Furthermore, by providing the hollow cavity 12a, the amount of material used can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and lowering the cost.

[0056] It should be noted that when the support block 12 is located on one side of the substrate 11 along the first direction, by providing the hollow cavity 12a, the surface of the substrate 11 facing the support block 12 can serve as the bottom wall of the hollow cavity 12a. When the support block 12 is located at one end of the substrate 11 along the second direction, the end of the support block 12 closer to the substrate 11 can serve as the bottom wall of the hollow cavity 12a.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the support block 12 perpendicular to the second direction can be trapezoidal. Compared to a rectangular shape, this reduces the area of ​​the cross-section, thereby reducing wind resistance and weight. It also improves the robustness and stability of the support block 12 and prevents injury from sharp angles.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first aiming line 20 can be formed on the first bearing surface 121 by screen printing. The screen printing process can ensure the stable connection between the first aiming line 20 and the first bearing surface 121, thereby alleviating the problem of the first aiming line 20 falling off the first bearing surface 121 and extending the service life of the auxiliary aiming tool 01.

[0059] Similarly, the second aiming line 30 can be formed on the second bearing surface 122 by screen printing. The screen printing process can ensure the stable connection between the second aiming line 30 and the second bearing surface 122, thereby alleviating the problem of the second aiming line 30 falling off the second bearing surface 122 and extending the service life of the auxiliary aiming tool 01.

[0060] It should be noted that, to ensure the permanent bonding of the first aiming line 20 to the first bearing surface 121 and the second aiming line 30 to the second bearing surface 122, the first and second bearing surfaces 121 and 122 must be clean and free from scratches or deformation. Furthermore, the locations where the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 are to be set are polished to improve clarity. The first aiming line 20 is marked at its designed position on the first bearing surface 121 according to the design dimensions, and the second aiming line 30 is marked at its designed position on the second bearing surface 122 according to the design dimensions. The first and second aiming lines 20 and 30 are then permanently bonded to the tool base 10, meeting requirements such as tight adhesion, firmness, wear resistance, and ability to withstand harsh weather conditions.

[0061] In some embodiments, along a third direction, the line width of the first aiming line 20 is smaller than the line width of the second aiming line 30, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction can be perpendicular to each other. Based on this arrangement, it can be ensured that the operator can see the second aiming line 30 and the track 03 when looking from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located towards the track 03, preventing situations where the line width of the first aiming line 20 is too large, making it impossible for the operator to see the track 03 and thus preventing aiming, or increasing the difficulty of aiming.

[0062] Of course, the width of the second aiming line 30 needs to be set according to the width of the track 03 and the distance of the second aiming line 30 from the center line of the track 03, so that the second aiming line 30 will not obstruct the track 03.

[0063] In actual working conditions, when the staff observes the track 03 from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located, they can see that the second aiming line 30 protrudes from the first aiming line 20 along the third direction, while both sides of the track 03 protrude from the second aiming line 30 along the third direction.

[0064] It should be noted here that the thickness (or line width) of the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 can be as thin as possible to improve aiming accuracy; however, if it is too thin, it will cause scattering of the line of sight; if it is too thick, it will obstruct the track 03 and increase the aiming error.

[0065] In some more specific embodiments, the green first aiming line 20, the red second aiming line 30, and the center line of the outer track 03 can be arranged from thin to thick.

[0066] For example, the line width of the first aiming line 20 can range from 0.3mm to 0.7mm, including, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, and 0.7mm; the line width of the second aiming line 30 can range from 0.7mm to 1.2mm, including, for example, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, and 1.2mm. Of course, other values ​​are also possible, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0067] In this embodiment of the application, the relationship between the line width of the first aiming line 20, the line width of the second aiming line 30, the distance between them and the track 03, and the width of the track 03 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, U can be considered the operator's eye, V1V2 can be considered the line width of the first aiming line 20, W1W3 can be considered the line width of the second aiming line 30, and X1X2 can be considered the width of the track 03. Based on national standards, the width of track 03 can be 1435mm, the visual width of the second aiming line 30 cannot exceed the visual width of track 03, and the visual width of the first aiming line 20 cannot exceed the visual width of the second aiming line 30. Experimental verification shows that a line width of 0.5mm for the first aiming line 20 and a line width of 1mm for the second aiming line 30 are optimal choices considering both accuracy and process balance. Table 1 records various combinations of different dimensions.

[0068] Table 1

[0069] Furthermore, along the second direction, the length of the first aiming line 20 can be less than the length of the second aiming line 30. Based on this arrangement, it can be ensured that the operator can see both the second aiming line 30 and the track 03 when looking from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located towards the track 03, thus preventing situations where the first aiming line 20 is too long, making it impossible for the operator to see the track 03 and thus preventing aiming, or increasing the difficulty of aiming.

[0070] Of course, the length of the second aiming line 30 needs to be set according to the length of the track 03 and the distance of the second aiming line 30 from the center line of the track 03, so that the second aiming line 30 will not obstruct the track 03.

[0071] In actual working conditions, when the staff observes the track 03 from the side where the first aiming line 20 is located, they can see that the two ends of the second aiming line 30 protrude from the first aiming line 20 along the second direction, while the two ends of the track 03 protrude from the second aiming line 30 along the second direction.

[0072] It should be noted that the lengths of the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 need to be moderate, neither too long nor too short. If they are too long, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 will be too large in the second direction, making it difficult to carry and operate; if they are too short, the aiming accuracy will be reduced. In this embodiment, the length of the first aiming line 20 can be less than the length of the second aiming line 30.

[0073] For example, the length of the first aiming line 20 can range from 60mm to 100mm, including, for example, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, etc.; the length of the second aiming line 30 can range from 80mm to 120mm, including, for example, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 110mm, 120mm, etc. Of course, other values ​​are also possible, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0074] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the substrate 11 can be a rectangular plate, and the support block 12 can be a trapezoidal block with a hollow cavity 12a. Based on the line M1M connecting the midpoints of the two short sides of the rectangular plate, extending this line from point M to the outside of the antenna body 02 allows observation of the position K of the track 03. This line is denoted as the extension line MK. A perpendicular line MK is drawn from point M along the direction of the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna body 02, and a parallel line KL is drawn from point K. Therefore, the extension line MN is the first aiming line 20, and the parallel line KL is the second aiming line 30.

[0075] Based on this, the extension line MN, the parallel line KL, and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna body 02 are on the same plane. If the extension line MN and the parallel line KL can coincide with the center line of the outer track 03, it means that the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna body 02 and the center line of the outer track 03 are completely coincident.

[0076] The auxiliary aiming tool 01 in this embodiment of the application is provided with a first aiming line 20 and a second aiming line 30. The auxiliary aiming tool 01 is installed on the antenna body 02, and the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30 and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna are on the same plane. The aiming operation can be achieved by aligning the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30 and the center line of the outer track 03.

[0077] Based on the aforementioned auxiliary aiming tool 01, this application also discloses a base station antenna, which can be a Pisa antenna or similar. The disclosed base station antenna includes an antenna body 02 and the aforementioned auxiliary aiming tool 01. The auxiliary aiming tool 01 is located outside the antenna body 02, and the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30, and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna body 02 are in the same plane. Based on this, the attitude of the base station antenna can be adjusted by aligning the first aiming line 20 and the second aiming line 30 with the center line of the track 03 (three lines), or by aligning the second aiming line 30 with the center line of the track 03 (two lines), thereby expanding the beam coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the track 03.

[0078] In some embodiments, along a third direction, the centerline of the tool base 10 may coincide with the centerline of the antenna body 02. It should be noted that this arrangement is the optimal setting position for the auxiliary aiming tool 01 on the antenna body 02, thus better simulating that the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30, and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna body 02 are on the same plane.

[0079] Of course, if the centerline of the tool base 10 cannot be aligned with the centerline of the antenna body 02 due to space or safety limitations, it can be adjusted upwards or downwards along a third direction to offset the centerline of the tool base 10 and the centerline of the antenna body 02 in the third direction, thereby overcoming the problem of the centerline of the tool base 10 aligning with the centerline of the antenna body 02 due to space or safety factors.

[0080] Of course, even if the centerline of the tool base 10 and the centerline of the antenna body 02 can be adjusted in the third direction, the tool base 10 can still be located within the length range of the antenna body 02 along the third direction, so that the plate surface of the base plate 11 of the tool base 10 is close to the back of the antenna body 02, and the side wall of the support block 12 of the tool base 10 is close to the side of the antenna body 02, so that the auxiliary aiming tool 01 will not exceed the length range of the antenna body 02, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the auxiliary aiming tool 01.

[0081] Optionally, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction can be perpendicular to each other.

[0082] Optionally, one set of auxiliary aiming tools 01 can be applied to one set of antenna bodies 02, or to multiple sets of antenna bodies 02.

[0083] Based on the aforementioned aiming assistance tool 01, this application also discloses a method for using the aiming assistance tool 01, applied to the aforementioned aiming assistance tool 01. The disclosed method of use includes: The auxiliary aiming tool 01 is installed on the antenna body 02, wherein the antenna body 02 is an antenna with roll angle adjustment, such as a pizza antenna, etc. Adjust the auxiliary aiming tool 01 to change the azimuth angle of the antenna body 02, so that the second aiming line 30 and the center line of the track 03 coincide for aiming; Adjusting the auxiliary aiming tool 01 changes the downward tilt angle of the antenna body 02, so that the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30, and the center line of the track 03 coincide for aiming.

[0084] Based on the above steps, this embodiment of the application can achieve aiming of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 at the track 03 by adjusting the azimuth and downtilt angles of the antenna body 02, thereby adjusting the attitude of the base station antenna to expand the beam coverage area of ​​the base station antenna on the track 03. Furthermore, compared to the adjustment methods in related technologies, this embodiment of the application can reduce the operational complexity of the aiming process, improve operational efficiency, and make the attitude adjustment of the base station antenna more convenient.

[0085] In this embodiment of the application, the specific adjustment steps for the base station antenna include: Install the base station antenna, and zero the downtilt angle and roll angle of the antenna body 02 respectively, and install the corresponding screws to achieve fixation.

[0086] Adjust the azimuth angle of antenna body 02 as follows: Make the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30 of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna lie on the same plane. Observe whether the second aiming line 30 and the center line of the outer track 03 are completely coincident. If they are not coincident, loosen the antenna clamp so that the clamp can rotate around the antenna rod to adjust the azimuth angle of the antenna body 02 until the second aiming line 30 and the center line of the outer track 03 are completely coincident. That is, adjust by using the two-line coincidence alignment method.

[0087] Secondly, the downtilt angle of the antenna body 02 can be adjusted, specifically as follows: Make the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30 of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 and the vertical main lobe normal PQ of the antenna on the same plane. Observe whether the first aiming line 20, the second aiming line 30 and the center line of the outer track 03 coincide. If they do not coincide, adjust the large downward tilt angle robotic arm until the three lines coincide. That is, adjust using the three-line coinciding aiming method.

[0088] After adjusting the downtilt angle, the roll angle of the antenna body 02 can also be adjusted. Specifically, the upper and lower roll dials of the antenna body 02 should be rotated simultaneously to the preset angle. After the roll angle is adjusted, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 can be used to verify whether the three lines coincide. If the three lines coincide, the adjustment is complete. If the three lines do not coincide, aiming operations for the azimuth and downtilt angles need to be performed without resetting the azimuth, downtilt, and roll angles to zero, until the three lines coincide.

[0089] It should be noted that the specific structure and working principle of the roll turntable can be found in relevant technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0090] Using the auxiliary aiming tool 01 in this embodiment, the base station antenna (e.g., Pisa antenna) covered by the wireless network line can be quickly and accurately adjusted. Furthermore, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 integrates all the functions of toolkits in related technologies, and adds other functions, including: verifying the final base station antenna adjustment attitude. The "three-line convergence aiming" theory is used to verify the entire road segment within the base station antenna coverage sector. If the three lines remain converged, the adjustment is complete. If the three lines are not converged, readjustment is required from the azimuth adjustment step and the downtilt angle adjustment step in the base station antenna adjustment process. For base station antennas undergoing secondary adjustment, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 eliminates the need to reset the downtilt angle and roll angle to zero, whereas traditional toolkits require zeroing these angles. This allows for direct inspection, saving time and manpower.

[0091] In addition, the auxiliary aiming tool 01 in this application embodiment can have a significant effect during application. For example, when applied to high-speed rail lines, roads and other scenarios, it is easy to install, can reduce user operation errors, reduce operation difficulty, and can also improve aiming accuracy.

[0092] Experiments show that using the base station antenna of the auxiliary aiming tool 01 in this embodiment can improve the downlink RSRP by about 4.8dB, the SINR by about 3.07dB, and the uplink and downlink speeds by about 15%. The network coverage rate inside the high-speed train carriage can be increased from about 92.37% to about 98.38%, and the adjustment efficiency is significantly improved compared with traditional tools.

[0093] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An auxiliary aiming tool, characterized in that, include: Tool base (10), first aiming line (20), and second aiming line (30); The tool base (10) is provided with a first bearing surface (121) and a second bearing surface (122) spaced apart along a first direction; The first aiming line (20) is located on the first bearing surface (121) and extends along the second direction. The second aiming line (30) is located on the second bearing surface (122) and is parallel to the first aiming line (20). The first aiming line (20) and the second aiming line (30) are used to be in the same plane as the vertical main lobe normal (PQ) of the base station antenna.

2. The aiming aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool base (10) includes a base plate (11) and a support block (12) disposed on the base plate (11). The support block (12) includes a first support surface (121) and a second support surface (122). The first support surface (121) is disposed on the surface of the substrate (11), and the second support surface (122) is disposed on the side of the support block (12) away from the substrate (11). Both the substrate (11) and the carrier block (12) are transparent structures.

3. The aiming aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool base (10) includes a substrate (11) and a support block (12), both of which are non-transparent structures; The support block (12) includes a first support surface (121) and a second support surface (122). The first support surface (121) is disposed on the surface of the substrate (11), and the second support surface (122) is disposed on the side of the support block (12) away from the substrate (11). The first bearing surface (121) is provided with a first hollow portion, and the first aiming line (20) is provided at the first hollow portion; the second bearing surface (122) is provided with a second hollow portion, and the second aiming line (30) is provided at the second hollow portion; The first cutout portion and the second cutout portion are connected along the first direction, or the first cutout portion, the second cutout portion and the substrate (11) are connected along the first direction.

4. The auxiliary aiming tool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The substrate (11) is provided with a mounting portion (111) for mounting to the antenna body (02). Along the second direction, the support block (12) is offset from the mounting portion (111), and one end of the second support surface (122) protrudes from the mounting portion (111) along the first direction.

5. The auxiliary aiming tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting part (111) is provided with a holding hole (1111), and the holding hole (1111) passes through the mounting part (111) along the first direction.

6. The auxiliary aiming tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting part (111) is provided with a mounting hole (1112), which passes through the mounting part (111). The mounting hole (1112) is used to insert a fastener and to connect to the antenna body (02) of the base station antenna via the fastener.

7. The auxiliary aiming tool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The bearing block (12) has a hollow cavity (12a) inside; And / or, the cross-section of the support block (12) perpendicular to the second direction is trapezoidal.

8. The auxiliary aiming tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first aiming line (20) is formed on the first bearing surface (121) by silkscreen printing. The second aiming line (30) is formed on the second bearing surface (122) by silkscreen printing.

9. The aiming aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the third direction, the line width of the first aiming line (20) is smaller than the line width of the second aiming line (30), and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other; And / or, along the second direction, the length of the first aiming line (20) is less than the length of the second aiming line (30).

10. A base station antenna, characterized in that, include: Antenna body (02) and auxiliary aiming tool (01) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The auxiliary aiming tool (01) is located on the outside of the antenna body (02); The first aiming line (20), the second aiming line (30), and the vertical main lobe normal (PQ) of the antenna body (02) are in the same plane.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, Along a third direction, the centerline of the tool base (10) coincides with or is misaligned with the centerline of the antenna body (02); And / or, along a third direction, the tool base (10) is located within the length range of the antenna body (02); The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

12. A method of using an auxiliary aiming tool, applied to the auxiliary aiming tool (01) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method of use includes: The auxiliary aiming tool (01) is mounted to the antenna body (02), which is an antenna with roll angle adjustment; Adjust the auxiliary aiming tool (01) to change the azimuth angle of the antenna body (02) so that the second aiming line (30) and the center line of the track (03) coincide for aiming; Adjust the auxiliary aiming tool (01) to change the downward tilt angle of the antenna body (02) so that the center lines of the first aiming line (20), the second aiming line (30) and the track (03) coincide for aiming.

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