Wastewater treatment method

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a composition for enhancing wastewater treatment comprising a biofilm biomass disposed on a moving biofilm carrier, a dense activated sludge, and a conventionally suspended biomass fraction wherein the concentration of the biomass fraction is generated and maintained at a selected weight percentage within a wastewater treatment system. Wastewater treatment systems and methods of using the same are also disclosed.

Description

[0001] Citations of relevant applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 63 / 515,155, filed July 24, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates to methods for wastewater treatment, and more specifically to control strategies for dense sludge, migrating biofilms, and suspended growth to enhance biological processes. Background Technology

[0004] Biological approaches to wastewater treatment can include activated sludge processes that use aeration and microorganisms to biologically oxidize pollutants. Activated sludge methods typically include an aeration tank, a liquid / solid separator, and a recirculation loop in which a portion of the treated waste is recycled back to the aeration tank, and the remainder is discharged for further treatment and / or disposal. Conditions that disrupt the balance between the activated sludge and microorganisms used to provide wastewater treatment can occur. For example, inflows of toxic chemicals, biocides, stormwater runoff, etc., can affect and reduce the effectiveness of wastewater treatment. Changes in the treatment composition can reduce system capacity and increase treatment time and costs.

[0005] Therefore, systems and methods for maintaining stable and controllable wastewater composition are still needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In one embodiment, a composition for enhancing wastewater treatment includes biofilm biomass disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier, dense activated sludge, and a conventionally suspended biomass fraction. The concentration of the biomass fraction is generated and maintained within the wastewater treatment system at a selected weight percentage.

[0007] In another embodiment, a wastewater treatment system includes a bioreactor, a selector, and an acclimation tank having a biomass fraction composition. Based on the total weight of the total biomass in the bioreactor, the biomass fraction composition comprises 0.1 to 15 wt% biofilm biomass disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier, 1 to 55 wt% dense activated sludge, and 1 to 69 wt% conventional suspended growth.

[0008] In another embodiment, a method for treating wastewater using a wastewater treatment system includes filling a bioreactor with a composition of untreated wastewater and a biomass component, contacting the untreated wastewater with the biomass component composition to provide treated wastewater, discharging the treated wastewater from the bioreactor into a selector to separate the treated wastewater into a return activated sludge portion, an effluent portion, and a remaining portion of the treated wastewater, discharging the return activated sludge portion into the bioreactor, discharging the effluent portion from the system, and discharging the remaining portion of the treated wastewater into an acclimation tank in which a biomass component composition is generated and maintained at a selected weight percentage, and discharging the composition into the bioreactor.

[0009] The above and other features are illustrated by the following figures and detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Referring now to the accompanying drawings, which are exemplary embodiments and in which the same element numbers are the same.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an exemplary wastewater treatment system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an exemplary wastewater treatment system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an exemplary wastewater treatment system; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the relationship between the monthly average sludge volume index (SVI) (mL / L) and the month in Example 1; Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between biochemical oxygen demand (mg / mL) and number of days in Example 2; Figure 6 This is a graph showing the relationship between ammonia concentration (mg / mL) and number of days in Example 2; Figure 7 This is a graph showing the relationship between total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentration (mg / mL) and number of days in Example 2; and Figure 8 This is a graph showing the relationship between the total nitrogen concentration (mg / mL) and the number of days in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This document discloses a composition (hereinafter referred to as the composition) for enhancing the biomass components of wastewater treatment. The composition comprises three biomass components: biofilm biomass disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier, dense activated sludge, and conventional suspended growth. The three biomass components of the composition are generated and maintained within a selected concentration range to provide improved water treatment conditions. The combination of materials synergistically provides increased carbon removal, settling properties, and component removal (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon).

[0013] Systems and methods for producing and maintaining the composition are also disclosed. The system provides a configuration with recycling capabilities to control the component concentrations of the composition during wastewater treatment. In this way, the concentration of the biomass portion in the composition can be maintained throughout the waste stream. In some embodiments, the system can be combined with additional features to tailor the system for cost, operability, efficiency, and capacity. Methods for producing, maintaining, and using the composition during wastewater treatment are further disclosed. The resulting composition can be used to increase the predictability, stability, and treatment capacity of wastewater treatment.

[0014] "And / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0015] As used herein, “activated sludge” is defined as an aerated sludge containing a flocculent culture of microorganisms that develop under aeration conditions.

[0016] As used herein, “biofilm” is defined as at least two types of microorganisms present on a surface.

[0017] As used herein, “polluted water” is defined as water containing at least one contaminant. Untreated wastewater and polluted water are used interchangeably herein.

[0018] As used herein, “internal mixed liquor recirculation” is defined as the recirculation of precipitated and / or suspended sludge with alkalinity, nitrogen, and carbon, which is mixed with the incoming untreated wastewater.

[0019] As used herein, “return activated sludge” is defined as settled activated sludge that is collected in a selector and returned to the bioreactor to mix with the incoming untreated wastewater.

[0020] As used in this article, “solids residence time” is defined as the time that the solids portion of wastewater spends in a wastewater treatment system.

[0021] As used herein, “excess activated sludge” is defined as sludge removed from the post-treatment process of wastewater. Excess activated sludge contains excess biomass or cell mass and is removed to maintain the biological balance of the wastewater treatment system and / or to achieve a specific solids retention time.

[0022] Figure 1 An exemplary wastewater treatment system 100 (hereinafter referred to as system 100) is depicted, which includes a bioreactor 106, a selector 108a, and an acclimatization tank 115. Figure 1 As shown, bioreactor 106 has an inlet stream 123, an aerator 104, a stirrer 105, and an outlet stream 107. Within bioreactor 106, a mixture of biofilm biomass 101, conventional suspended growth 102, and dense activated sludge 103 disposed on a moving biofilm carrier 124 is aerated and stirred before being discharged downstream via stream 107 to selector 108a. Stream 107 is in fluid communication with selector 108a. Selector 108a includes an effluent outlet leading to stream 109 and outlets discharging remaining treated wastewater material to streams 125 and 110. A portion of the sludge discharged from selector 108a (e.g., return activated sludge) is loaded into bioreactor 106 via stream 125. The remaining portion of the treated wastewater (e.g., dense activated sludge) is conveyed downstream via stream 110. Stream 110 is in fluid communication with sampling station 111a and three-way flow deflector 112. Waste activated sludge can be discharged via flow 113. A mixture of treated wastewater, including biofilm biomass 101 disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier 124, conventional suspended growth 102, and dense activated sludge 103, is discharged into an acclimatization tank 115. Acclimatization tank 115 may include an aerator 104 and a stirrer 105. Acclimatization tank 115 also includes an inlet for flow 121 and an outlet for flow 116. Flow 116 is fluidly connected via pump 117a or via gravity flow, a three-way flow diverter 126. The treated wastewater can be separated into flow 119 or flow 120 at the three-way flow diverter 126.

[0023] Figure 2 Another embodiment of the wastewater treatment system (hereinafter referred to as system 200) is described. System 200 is similar to system 100, except that a selector 108b and a sampling station 111b are added. In system 200, the additional selector 108b is downstream of selector 108a and upstream of acclimatization tank 115.

[0024] Figure 3 Another embodiment of the wastewater treatment system (hereinafter referred to as system 300) is described. System 300 further includes selectors 108b and 108c having a mixing tank 301 downstream of selector 108b and upstream of selector 108c. In system 300, acclimatization tank 115 includes four inlets for wastewater inflow (flow 121), separated wastewater downstream of selector 108b (flows 305 and 308), and separated wastewater downstream of selector 108c (flow 304).

[0025] In one embodiment, the bioreactor, selector, and acclimatization tank are located in a recirculation loop. In another embodiment, the acclimatization tank is optional and may be absent. The recirculation loop is a loop in which each component can be upstream or downstream of any other component in the loop. For example, in Figure 1 In this process, bioreactor 106 is located both downstream and upstream of selector 108a, as material discharged from bioreactor 106 is fed into selector 108a, and conversely, material discharged from selector 108a is fed into bioreactor 106. A portion of the treated material can be continuously removed from the circulation loop downstream of selector 108a and discharged through stream 109. For example, biofilm biomass 101 disposed on mobile biofilm carrier 124 and dense activated sludge downstream of selector can be selectively returned to the process by returning it to bioreactor 106. For example, up to 80% of the biofilm material and dense activated sludge can be returned to the bioreactor, up to 90% of the biofilm material and dense activated sludge can be returned to the bioreactor, or up to 100% of the biofilm material and dense activated sludge can be returned to the bioreactor.

[0026] During wastewater treatment, bioreactor 106 provides a container for treating wastewater (i.e., contaminated water). Bioreactor 106 is filled with an inflow of contaminated water via stream 123. Bioreactor 106 also contains a composition of biomass components comprising biofilm biomass 101 disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier 124, conventional suspended growth 102, and dense activated sludge 103. In addition to wastewater, bioreactor 106 may contain chemical additives, mobile biofilm carrier 124, biofilm biomass 101, treated sludge from the wastewater, etc. During water treatment, the composition of the biomass components in the bioreactor comes into contact with the wastewater. The composition of the biomass components provides increased carbon removal, settling properties, and removal of components (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon) from the wastewater. Each biomass component provides wastewater treatment, and at a selected weight percentage, the biomass components within the composition work synergistically to provide an improved treatment method as described below.

[0027] Biofilm biomass 101 is biofilm or flocculant biomass disposed on a migratory biofilm carrier 124. Biofilm biomass 101 includes microorganisms such as bacteria and protozoa. Biofilm biomass 101 can be a single or heterogeneous species. The species of microorganisms used for biofilm biomass 101 are selected based on the composition of the incoming contaminated water, the redox conditions of the bioreactor, and the solids retention time (SRT). Biofilm biomass 101 is used to biodegrade components contained in the contaminated water, such as phosphorus and nitrogen-containing chemicals and solids such as carbonaceous materials. Appropriate species selection and concentration of biofilm biomass 101 improve nutrient removal, reduce suspended fine solids, and reduce total suspended solids. Furthermore, the reduction in total suspended solids and turbidity improves the ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of the treated water, facilitating supplemental treatment with UV disinfection processes. The concentration of biofilm biomass 101 in bioreactor 106 is based on a total biomass weight of about 0.1 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%. The total weight of biomass in the bioreactor can be maintained to provide a selected amount of biomass fraction. The concentration of the biomass fraction can be generated and maintained within the wastewater treatment system at a selected weight percentage.

[0028] The mobile biofilm carrier 124 is a natural or synthetic substrate that provides a base for the biofilm biomass 101. In some embodiments, the mobile biofilm carrier 124 includes a substrate added to and / or substrate particles present within the water treatment process. In some embodiments, the mobile biofilm carrier 124 is non-absorbent, does not contain a charge, and / or is inert. The mobile biofilm carrier 124 provides a surface for setting the biofilm biomass 101, the surface having a length and width of about 200 micrometers to about 2000 micrometers.

[0029] Conventional suspended growth 102 is bioflocculated biomass composed of microorganisms completely suspended in the polluted water, independent of the mobile biofilm carrier 124. In other words, unlike biofilm biomass 101, the microorganisms of conventional suspended growth 102 are not located on the mobile biofilm carrier 124. Controlling the concentration of conventional suspended growth 102 improves bioflocculation and sedimentation in the downstream water treatment process. The concentration of conventional suspended growth 102 in bioreactor 106 is based on approximately 1 wt% to approximately 69 wt% or approximately 40 wt% to approximately 69 wt% of the total weight of biomass maintained in the bioreactor.

[0030] Dense activated sludge 103 is activated sludge that has grown into aggregated particles and is retained based on improved settling characteristics. Dense activated sludge 103 improves settling, phosphorus removal, and nitrogen removal. The concentration of dense activated sludge 103 is controlled to improve effluent solids concentration and reduce total suspended solids. As mentioned above, the reduction in total suspended solids facilitates supplementation or additional treatment using a UV disinfection process. Based on the total weight of biomass retained in the bioreactor, the concentration of dense activated sludge 103 in bioreactor 106 is approximately 1 wt% to approximately 55 wt%, or approximately 30 wt% to approximately 55 wt%.

[0031] Biofilm biomass 101, mobile biofilm carrier 124, conventional suspended growth 102, and dense activated sludge 103 provide up to 100% mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in bioreactor 106. The concentration of MLSS as total suspended solids, as measured according to ASTM D5907, is from approximately 100 mg / L to approximately 20,000 mg / L.

[0032] The biomass component of the composition enhances the downstream wastewater treatment process. This biomass component comprises (a) biofilm biomass (approximately 0.1 wt% to 15 wt%) disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier, (b) conventional suspended growth (approximately 1 wt% to 69 wt%), and (c) dense activated sludge (approximately 1 wt% to 55 wt%). Applying the biomass component to polluted water increases the efficiency and capacity of wastewater treatment. The combination of materials synergistically provides increased nutrient carbon removal, settling properties, and component removal such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The use of this composition saves time, reduces treatment costs, and increases the system's treatment capacity.

[0033] Within the system, bioreactor 106 is in fluid communication with a selector via an inlet for untreated wastewater and an outlet for treated wastewater. In some embodiments, multiple bioreactors are present in the system. In some embodiments, the bioreactors can provide complementary microbial growth conditions. For example, the bioreactors can be configured to provide different redox conditions, such as aerobic, anoxic, and / or anaerobic bioreactors. In embodiments where at least two bioreactors are included in the system, the bioreactors can be in parallel flow and / or in series with other bioreactors. When the system includes multiple bioreactors, these bioreactors can be separated by walls, baffles, barriers, or combinations thereof. The material flow through the multiple bioreactors can be free-flowing or mechanically pumped upstream or downstream. In some embodiments, the system can include 1 to 10 bioreactors.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, bioreactor 106 can be an aerator. An aerobic bioreactor can be aerated with added oxygen via aerator 104 with oxygen-containing gas and / or via an aeration device using agitator 105 to aerate with oxygen in the atmosphere. In some embodiments, aeration is performed using mechanical mixing, diffusers, and combinations thereof.

[0035] The selector is located downstream of bioreactor 106 and fluidly connected via flow 107. The selector can also be upstream of acclimation tank 115. The selector can be a liquid / solid separation unit and / or a solid / solid separation unit that separates treated wastewater discharged from bioreactor 106 through physical, gravity, chemical, and / or metabolic biological processes. The selector provides control over the concentrations of biofilm biomass 101, mobile biofilm carrier 124, conventional suspended growth 102, and dense activated sludge 103. For example, the selector can facilitate the separation of the treated wastewater stream based on particle size, density, compressibility, and chemical and / or biological composition. Suitable selector types include filters (e.g., static side-slope screens, rotary drum screens, etc.), gravity clarifiers, inclined plate clarifiers, upflow clarifiers, dissolved air flotation systems, hydrocyclones, etc. The selector can provide gravity sludge selection to improve wastewater treatment efficiency. Gravity sludge selection processes can lead to improvements in sludge volume index, nitrogen concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, etc. Selectors can be used to separate various materials individually or in combination, such as recirculated activated sludge, recirculated migrating biofilm carriers, and recirculated dense sludge.

[0036] In some embodiments, the system contains multiple selectors, such as two, three, four, or five selectors. The selectors can be connected in series and / or in parallel downstream of bioreactor 106, upstream of acclimatization tank 115, or downstream of acclimatization tank 115. In some embodiments, the selectors can be upstream or downstream of the mixing tank. Figure 2 As shown, selector 108b is downstream of selector 108a and upstream of acclimation tank 115. The selector may have an outlet, for example, discharging waste activated sludge via streams 109, 204, and 302. For example, selector 108b may have an inlet via stream 110 for treated wastewater (e.g., dense activated sludge), an outlet via stream 204 for waste activated sludge, and an outlet via stream 202 for separated wastewater (e.g., dense activated sludge). Selector 108b may be located downstream of sampling station 111a and upstream of another sampling station 111b. Figure 3 As shown, selector 108b may include an outlet via flow 305 to the acclimatization pool and an outlet via flow 306 to the three-way flow deflector 307. In system 300, selector 108c is downstream of mixing tank 301 and upstream of acclimatization pool 115.

[0037] The system may include sampling station 111. Sampling station 111 may be downstream of bioreactor 106, downstream of selector 108a, and / or downstream of acclimatization tank 115. Sampling station 111 may be located within bioreactor 106, selector 108a, and / or acclimatization tank 115. In some embodiments, multiple sampling stations are present throughout the system. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the system may include sampling stations 111a and 111b. In some embodiments, the system has 1 to 6 sampling stations.

[0038] Sampling station 111a provides sampling output data to facilitate treatment monitoring. Sampling station 111a can measure bacterial metabolic activity, influent and effluent component concentrations, solids concentration, settling properties, particle count, particle size, etc. Based on the sampling data, the system operator can increase or decrease the flow rates from bioreactor 106, the influent flow, and / or the acclimation tank 115. Furthermore, the system operator can adjust chemical levels, increase the concentration of the mobile biofilm carrier 124, etc.

[0039] An optional acclimation tank 115 can be located downstream of the selector and upstream of the bioreactor 106. This acclimation tank 115 has one or more inlets for treated wastewater (via streams 114, 202, 304, 305, and / or 308) and an inlet for untreated influent (via stream 121). The influent flow from stream 123 into the acclimation tank via stream 121 can be controlled using a bidirectional flow diverter 122. In some embodiments, multiple acclimation tanks are present in the system. As described for bioreactor 106, the acclimation tank 115 can be configured to provide complementary microbial growth conditions via aerobic, anoxic, and / or anaerobic conditions. In embodiments where system 100 includes at least two acclimation tanks 115, the acclimation tanks can flow in parallel and / or in series with other acclimation tanks. In some embodiments, the acclimation tank 115 can be configured to provide convertible redox conditions. As shown, the acclimation tank 106 can provide aerobic conditions through the use of aerator 104 and agitator 105.

[0040] Acclimation tank 115 may include online sensors and sample ports to monitor biological activity, bioflocculation concentration, and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration. Depending on treatment conditions, solids may be recycled to bioreactor 106 via stream 120 or discharged from the treatment system as waste activated sludge via stream 119 (“waste”). Figure 1 As shown, pump 117a can be placed downstream of acclimatization tank 115 and upstream of three-way flow diverter 126. The three-way flow diverter is used to control the flow of treated material discharged from acclimatization tank 115 to flow 120 or flow 119.

[0041] Pumps can be located downstream of bioreactor 106, downstream of selector, downstream of acclimation tank 115, and / or downstream of mixing tank 301. Pumps can facilitate the movement of material flow through the wastewater treatment system. In some embodiments, multiple pumps are present throughout the system. Figure 3 As shown, pump 117b is downstream of mixing tank 301 and pump 117a is downstream of acclimatization tank 115. In some embodiments, the system has 1 to 6 pumps.

[0042] In some embodiments, a mixing tank 301 may be included in the system. The mixing tank 301 provides a container for mixing treated wastewater downstream of one selector and upstream of another. As described for bioreactor 106 and acclimatization tank 115, the mixing tank 301 may be configured to provide aerobic, anoxic, and / or anaerobic microbial growth conditions. In some embodiments, additives and chemicals may be added to the treated wastewater within the mixing tank 301 to facilitate wastewater treatment. In other embodiments, the mixing tank 301 provides only a mixing stage for the treated wastewater before discharge to another selector.

[0043] Flows 107, 109, 110, 114, 113, 116, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125, 202, 204, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 309, and 310, which transport untreated wastewater, treated wastewater, and waste activated sludge, include conduits for material flow. As shown in the figure, material flow is indicated by arrows on the flow.

[0044] Additional features of sensors and sampling stations can be present throughout the system. Sampling can provide feedback to the system to control aeration, solids retention time, etc.

[0045] A method for treating contaminated water includes contacting untreated wastewater (i.e., contaminated water) with a composition of biomass components. The untreated wastewater and the composition of biomass components are loaded into a bioreactor. Under aerobic, anoxic, and / or anaerobic conditions, the wastewater is contacted with the composition of the biomass components in the bioreactor. The treated wastewater is discharged to a selector. The selector separates the treated wastewater into spent activated sludge and separates the remaining portion of the treated wastewater into separated treated wastewater. The spent activated sludge is discharged from the system. A portion of the sludge in the remaining separated treated wastewater can be loaded into the bioreactor as return sludge. The remaining separated treated wastewater (without return sludge) can be loaded into an acclimation tank. In the acclimation tank, the concentration of the biomass components in the remaining separated treated wastewater is adjusted to a selected weight percentage of the initial composition of the biomass components in the bioreactor. A portion of the composition of the biomass components is discharged from the acclimation tank into the bioreactor to complete the recycling loop of the wastewater treatment system.

[0046] In some implementations, a portion of the untreated wastewater (e.g., contaminated water) is fed into the acclimation tank. In other implementations, a sampling station monitors the discharge of separated treated wastewater from the selector to accommodate process adjustments. Process adjustments may include removing a portion of the spent activated sludge, increasing oxygenation levels, adding mobile biofilm carriers, etc.

[0047] Example

[0048] Measurements of various water quality variables from different wastewater treatment systems were collected according to standard testing methods for water and wastewater. Details of the sampled water quality variables are listed in Table 1. The wastewater treatment systems are equipped with gravity sludge selectors and biofilm carrier systems (as noted).

[0049] Table 1. Abbreviations for Water Quality Variables

[0050] Example 1. SVI with gravity sludge selection

[0051] The sludge volume index (SVI) of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A2O) wastewater treatment system was evaluated, with and without a gravity sludge selection system (i.e., hydrocyclone selector, etc.), at a flow rate of 10 million gallons per day. A gravity sludge selection system was added to a conventional A2O process system within a spent activated sludge pipeline. The wastewater treatment system did not include a biofilm carrier system. Figure 4 As shown, the monthly average SVI of the system without gravity sludge selection is significantly higher than that of the system with gravity sludge selection. Compared with the conventional system, the implementation of gravity sludge selection provides a substantial improvement in SVI.

[0052] Example 2. Performance of a wastewater system with a biofilm carrier system

[0053] Several wastewater quality variables were evaluated for a wastewater treatment system employing a Modified Ludzack–Ettinger (MLE) process, equipped with a clarifier for sludge separation, and operating at a flow rate of 1.7 million gallons per day. When noted, the wastewater treatment system was equipped with a biofilm carrier system with a particle size selector. Daily measurements for influent and effluent samples over a 6-month period are shown below. Figures 5 to 8 In the middle. For example Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the system effectively reduces biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), ammonia concentration (NH3), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and total nitrogen (TN) from inflow to outflow.

[0054] On day 115, the biofilm carrier system was installed in the wastewater treatment system. The average values ​​of effluent ammonia, TKN, and TN decreased after the installation of the biofilm carrier system, and the variation in the data also decreased (i.e., the standard deviation decreased), see Table 2. Therefore, the disclosed wastewater treatment system provides improved process stability and efficiency.

[0055] Table 2. Average nitrogen concentration

[0056] While this disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and equivalents can be substituted for its elements. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of this disclosure without departing from the essential scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this disclosure, but rather this disclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composition for enhancing wastewater treatment, said composition comprising a biomass portion of the following: Biofilm biomass mounted on a mobile biofilm carrier; Dense activated sludge; Conventional suspension growth; in, The concentration of the biomass fraction is generated and maintained within the wastewater treatment system at a selected weight percentage.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the biomass portion constitutes 100% of the mixed liquor suspended solids in the wastewater treatment system.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the wastewater treatment system, The biofilm biomass accounts for 0.1 wt% to 15 wt% of the total biomass weight in the bioreactor of the wastewater treatment system; The dense activated sludge accounts for 1 wt% to 55 wt% of the total biomass in the bioreactor; and The conventional suspension growth accounts for 1 wt% to 69 wt% of the total biomass weight in the bioreactor.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein applying the composition to wastewater improves nutrient removal, settling properties, and / or component removal.

5. A wastewater treatment system, comprising: Bioreactor of a composition having a biomass component; Selector; and domestication pool; in, The composition of the biomass portion comprises biofilm biomass disposed on a mobile biofilm carrier, wherein the biofilm biomass is 0.1 wt% to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the biomass in the bioreactor. The bioreactor contains 1 wt% to 55 wt% of dense activated sludge by weight of the total biomass, and Conventional suspension growth based on 1 wt% to 69 wt% of the total biomass weight in the bioreactor.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the bioreactor, the selector, and the acclimatization tank are arranged in a recirculation loop.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a sampling station.

8. The system of claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a mixing tank.

9. The system of claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a plurality of selectors.

10. The system of claim 6, wherein the selector facilitates the separation of treated wastewater through physical, gravitational, chemical, and / or metabolic biological processes.

11. The system of claim 6, wherein the selector is a filter, a gravity clarifier, a slant plate clarifier, an upflow clarifier, a dissolved air flotation system, a hydrocyclone, or a combination thereof.

12. A method for treating wastewater using a wastewater treatment system, comprising: The combination of untreated wastewater and biomass is loaded into the bioreactor. The untreated wastewater is brought into contact with the composition of the biomass portion to provide treated wastewater; The treated wastewater is discharged from the bioreactor into the selector; The selector is used to separate the treated wastewater into a return activated sludge portion, an effluent portion, and a remaining portion of the treated wastewater. A portion of the returned activated sludge is discharged into the bioreactor, a portion of the effluent is discharged from the system, and the remaining portion of the treated wastewater is discharged into the acclimation tank. A composition of the biomass fraction is produced and maintained in the acclimation tank at a selected weight percentage, and the composition is discharged into the bioreactor.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises sampling via a sampling station.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the sampling station measures bacterial metabolic activity, inflow component concentration, effluent component concentration, solids concentration, settling properties, particle count, particle size, or combinations thereof.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises sampling through a plurality of sampling stations.

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