Method for determining minimum vertical depth of low-resistance track of three-dimensional horizontal well and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistance track of a three-dimensional horizontal well and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and the method comprises the steps that track parameters of a target three-dimensional horizontal well are obtained, the orbit parameters comprise the stratum burial depth, the offset distance, the vertical depth of an inclined building point, the maximum building slope rate, the maximum descending slope rate, the maximum increasing slope rate and the well inclination value of a stable inclination section; based on the orbit parameters, the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined; and based on the minimum vertical depth and the stratum burial depth, a low-resistance track design scheme of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined. According to the method, the track parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well are obtained, and the limit vertical depth of the low-resistance track of the three-dimensional horizontal well is obtained according to the well deviation value allowed by the offset plane and the sizes of different offsets, so that the adaptability of the low-resistance track of the three-dimensional horizontal well is quickly judged; the design efficiency and the design accuracy of the shallow-layer or ultra-shallow-layer three-dimensional horizontal well borehole trajectory are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and more specifically, to a method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, a device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale oil and gas, heavy oil, and tight oil and gas, large-platform, cluster horizontal well, and factory-style drilling operations have been widely adopted. This has transformed the wellbore trajectory profile of horizontal wells from a traditional two-dimensional structure to a complex three-dimensional structure. A three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory refers to a wellhead and the horizontal section azimuth line of the horizontal well not being in the same direction; the vertical distance from the wellhead to the horizontal section azimuth line is called the offset. The larger the offset, the greater the drilling friction torque, the greater the drilling difficulty, and the higher the risk of accidents such as pressure buildup and stuck pipe during drilling and casing installation. To reduce drilling friction in three-dimensional horizontal wells, small-well inclination-torsion azimuth trajectory design methods and dual two-dimensional trajectory design methods have been developed based on conventional three-dimensional trajectory design methods. Conventional three-dimensional trajectory design methods integrate "azimuth adjustment" and "inclination enhancement," with the advantage of typically achieving the shortest well depth. However, the disadvantage is high drilling friction torque, which affects the extension length of the horizontal section in horizontal wells. The small-inclination azimuth adjustment trajectory design method and the dual two-dimensional trajectory design method are low-resistance trajectory design methods. Both methods involve aligning the azimuth when the well inclination angle is small (not exceeding 20°), completing the offset distance advance, and then designing the trajectory for the inclination enhancement section. The difference is that the latter method does not require reducing the well inclination to near 0° after azimuth alignment. This method helps to shorten the azimuth adjustment section length, which is beneficial for extending the horizontal section length, especially for subsequent casing operations. It is also known as a low-resistance trajectory and is widely used in cluster platform horizontal wells.

[0003] For conventional 3D horizontal wells with large target formation burial depths (vertical depth exceeding 1000m), small-well inclination-torsion azimuth trajectory design methods and dual-two-dimensional trajectory designs are relatively easy to implement. However, for shallow or ultra-shallow 3D horizontal wells, due to the smaller overall vertical depth, implementing dual-two-dimensional trajectory designs is more difficult. Furthermore, there is currently a lack of corresponding methods for determining the ultimate vertical depth of ultra-shallow 3D horizontal wells; it is generally obtained through trial calculations and analysis using wellbore trajectory design software, which is inefficient.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. This summary section is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well, including formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section.

[0008] Based on the trajectory parameters, the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined;

[0009] Based on the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth, a low-resistance trajectory design scheme for a three-dimensional horizontal well is determined.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the trajectory parameters, the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined, including:

[0011] Requirements for obtaining the inclination value of the stable inclination section;

[0012] The minimum vertical depth is determined based on the different well inclination requirements for the stable inclination section.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the different well inclination requirements for the stable inclination section, the corresponding minimum vertical depth is determined, including:

[0014] For cases where the inclination requirement for the stable section of the well does not exist, and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth is... Among them, H kop Indicates the vertical depth of the oblique construction point, γ 1max γ represents the maximum slope rate. 2max γ represents the maximum slope drop. 3max Indicates the maximum ramp rate, the first parameter is

[0015] For cases where the inclination requirement for the stable section of the well does not exist and the offset distance is less than the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth is equal to... L represents the offset distance;

[0016] For wells with a stable inclination section where the inclination value requirement exists, and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth is... Where α represents the parameter corresponding to the required well inclination value in the stable inclination section, and the second parameter is the product of (1-cosα) and the first parameter;

[0017] For wells with a stable inclination section where the inclination value requirement exists, and the offset distance is less than the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth is...

[0018] Furthermore, based on the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth, a low-resistivity trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined, including:

[0019] Obtain the comparison results between minimum vertical depth and stratum burial depth;

[0020] When the minimum vertical depth is less than or equal to the burial depth, a dual two-dimensional low-resistance track design scheme is adopted.

[0021] Furthermore, the vertical depth of the inclination point is the minimum vertical depth of the inclination point, which is between 30 meters and 100 meters.

[0022] Furthermore, for a three-dimensional horizontal well where the horizontal section is not on the horizontal plane, the formation depth is equal to the burial depth of the starting point of the horizontal section.

[0023] Furthermore, for cases where there is a requirement for the inclination value of the stable inclination section, the inclination value of the stable inclination section is between 45° and 70°;

[0024] If there is no requirement for the inclination value of the stable inclination section, the inclination value of the stable inclination section shall be 90°.

[0025] The maximum incline rate, maximum descent rate, and maximum ramp rate range from 5° / 30m to 15° / 30m.

[0026] Secondly, a device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well is also proposed, comprising:

[0027] The acquisition module is used to acquire the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well. The trajectory parameters include formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section.

[0028] The first determining module is used to determine the minimum vertical depth of a three-dimensional horizontal well based on the orbital parameters;

[0029] The second determination module is used to determine the low-resistance trajectory design scheme for a three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and the formation burial depth.

[0030] Thirdly, an electronic device is also proposed, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, which are executed by the processor to perform the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described above.

[0031] Fourthly, a storage medium is also proposed, on which program instructions are stored. When the program instructions are run, they are used to execute the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described above.

[0032] This invention provides a method and related equipment for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, relating to the field of oil and gas drilling technology. The method includes: acquiring the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well, wherein the trajectory parameters include formation depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the build-up point, maximum build-up rate, maximum deflection rate, maximum increase rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section; determining the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the trajectory parameters; and determining the low-resistivity trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and formation depth. This application, by acquiring the formation depth, offset distance, minimum build-up point vertical depth, maximum allowable build-up rate and maximum deflection rate on the offset distance plane, well inclination value of the stable inclination section on the offset distance plane, and maximum allowable increase rate on the target distance plane for the formation drilled in the target three-dimensional horizontal well, and based on the allowable well inclination value on the offset distance plane and the size of different offset distances, quickly obtains the limit vertical depth of the low-resistivity trajectory of the three-dimensional horizontal well, thereby quickly determining the adaptability of the low-resistivity trajectory of the three-dimensional horizontal well and improving the efficiency and accuracy of wellbore trajectory design for shallow or ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wells. It can solve the technical problems of lack of limit vertical depth when applying low-resistance trajectory design for shallow or ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wellbore trajectories, and the low efficiency and unscientific nature of conventional trial calculation methods. At the same time, it can improve the efficiency and accuracy of wellbore trajectory design for shallow or ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wells.

[0033] The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well according to the present invention, and other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the design of a cluster horizontal well large platform wellbore track provided in this application embodiment;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional track design provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a small well inclined torsion azimuth track provided in this application embodiment;

[0041] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of a dual two-dimensional track design.

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the burial depth of the formation drilled by a target three-dimensional horizontal well, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of dual two-dimensional track segmentation parameters provided in this application embodiment;

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of a device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistance trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0047] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus. The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0048] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the design of a cluster horizontal well large platform wellbore track is provided for an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the wellbore trajectory profile of a horizontal well has transformed from a traditional two-dimensional structure to a complex three-dimensional structure. A three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory refers to a trajectory where the wellhead and the azimuth line of the horizontal section of the well are not in the same direction; the vertical distance from the wellhead to the azimuth line of the horizontal section is called the offset distance. The larger the offset distance, the greater the drilling friction torque, and the greater the difficulty of drilling operations. This manifests as a higher risk of accidents such as pressure buildup and stuck pipe during drilling and casing installation. To reduce drilling friction in three-dimensional horizontal wells, a small-well inclined torsional azimuth trajectory design method and a dual two-dimensional trajectory design method have been developed based on conventional three-dimensional trajectory design methods. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional track design is provided for an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the conventional three-dimensional track design method adopts a five-segment profile, namely "vertical segment - inclined section - stable inclined section - twisting and increasing segment - horizontal segment". Figure 4 This application provides a schematic diagram of the design of a small-well inclined torsional azimuth track, as shown in the embodiments. Figure 4 As shown, the design method for the small well inclined torsional azimuth track adopts a seven-segment profile, namely "vertical segment - inclined section - stable inclined section - torsional azimuth segment - stable inclined section - inclined section - horizontal segment". Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of a dual two-dimensional track design, as shown in the embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the dual-two-dimensional track design method uses a nine-segment profile, namely "vertical segment - inclined section - stable inclined section - inclined section decreasing segment - near-vertical segment - inclined section - stable inclined section - inclined section - horizontal segment". Figure 3 As shown, conventional three-dimensional trajectory design methods integrate "azimuth adjustment" and "inclination enhancement," which has the advantage of typically resulting in the shortest well depth. However, it also has the disadvantage of high drilling friction torque, affecting the extension length of the horizontal section in horizontal wells. Figure 4 The small well inclined torsional azimuth track design method and Figure 5 The dual two-dimensional trajectory design method shown belongs to the low-resistance trajectory design method. Both methods involve aligning the azimuth and completing the offset distance advance when the well inclination angle is small (not exceeding 20°) before designing the trajectory for the inclination increase section. The difference is that the latter does not require the well inclination to be reduced to near 0° after aligning the azimuth. This method helps to shorten the length of the torsional azimuth section, which is beneficial for extending the length of the horizontal section, and is especially beneficial for subsequent casing operations. It is also called a low-resistance trajectory and is widely used in cluster platform horizontal wells.

[0050] Determining the limiting vertical depth of ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wells is typically achieved through trial calculations and analysis using wellbore trajectory design software, which is inefficient. To address this technical problem, a method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well is proposed, according to the first aspect of this application. Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method 100 for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, as provided in an embodiment of this application. (See reference) Figure 1 For example, method 100 may include the following steps:

[0051] Step S110: Obtain the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well, including formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the burial depth of the formation drilled in a target three-dimensional horizontal well, as provided in an embodiment of this application. (Reference) Figure 6 The burial depth refers to the burial depth of the stratum where the horizontal section of the target three-dimensional horizontal well is located. For three-dimensional horizontal wells where the horizontal section is not on the horizontal plane, the burial depth of the stratum where the horizontal section of the three-dimensional horizontal well is located can be taken from the starting point of the horizontal section.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the burial depth of the formation drilled by the target 3D horizontal well, i.e., the formation 3 where the horizontal section 2 of the target 3D horizontal well is located, is such that, for a 3D horizontal well where the horizontal section 2 is not on a standard horizontal plane, the burial depth of the formation where the horizontal section of the 3D horizontal well is located can be taken as the burial depth of the target point A of the horizontal section, denoted as H. F .

[0054] refer to Figure 2 The offset distance, denoted as L, refers to the vertical distance from the wellhead 1 of a 3D horizontal well to the azimuth line 21 of the horizontal segment 2. The azimuth line 21 of the horizontal segment refers to the azimuth of the line connecting the geodetic coordinates of the entry point A and the endpoint B of the horizontal segment. The wellhead 1 refers to the surface geodetic coordinates of the wellbore trajectory from the surface. Geodetic coordinates include longitudinal and transverse coordinates, or coordinates in the northeast direction. The geodetic coordinates of the wellhead, the entry point A, and the endpoint B of the horizontal segment are all directly provided by the geological reservoir engineer according to the needs of oil and gas development. The offset distance of a 3D horizontal well can be calculated using the modern geometric formula for a point-to-line.

[0055] refer to Figure 6 The build-up point is the well depth position 11 in the wellbore track where directional drilling begins to increase inclination, and the vertical depth at this position is the vertical depth of the build-up point. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of dual two-dimensional track segmentation parameters provided for an embodiment of this application. (Reference) Figure 7 The build-up point is the depth at which directional drilling begins to increase the inclination within the wellbore trajectory; the vertical depth at this location is the vertical depth H of the build-up point. kop The unit is meters; the vertical depth of the build-up point is determined based on the wellbore structure, formation lithology, and stability of the three-dimensional horizontal well; there are many selectable build-up points for the same three-dimensional horizontal well, and this invention obtains the minimum vertical depth H of the build-up point. kopmin The maximum allowable slope in the inclined section is denoted as γ. 1max The maximum slope of descent is denoted as γ. 2max .

[0056] refer to Figure 7 The wellbore trajectory of a three-dimensional horizontal well is designed in two intersecting vertical planes, with each vertical plane containing a two-dimensional trajectory segment, such as... Figure 7 As shown, CDGH is called the offset distance plane (first vertical plane), HCEF is called the target front distance plane (second vertical plane), β is the angle between the two vertical planes, 1 is the wellhead, 2 is the horizontal section, A and B are the target entry point and target exit point of the horizontal section, respectively; M is the intersection of the drilling trajectory on the first and second vertical planes, i.e., the offset point.

[0057] refer to Figure 7 There is a stable inclination section between the inclination-increasing section 1 and the inclination-decreasing section in the three-dimensional horizontal well offset plane. The well inclination of this stable inclination section has a certain impact on the structure and safe running of the subsequent production tubing. Oil and gas engineers will require certain well inclination requirements. The maximum allowable value is the maximum allowable stable inclination value in the three-dimensional horizontal well offset plane, denoted as α.

[0058] Step S120: Determine the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the trajectory parameters;

[0059] After obtaining the trajectory parameters, the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined. For example, the determination of the minimum vertical depth can take into account factors such as formation conditions, drilling equipment capabilities, and safety requirements.

[0060] Step S130: Based on the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth, determine the low-resistance trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well.

[0061] By determining the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth, a drilling trajectory scheme that minimizes resistance during drilling can be designed. Low-resistance trajectory designs can optimize the drilling path, reduce resistance and difficulties during drilling, improve drilling efficiency, lower costs, and ensure drilling safety.

[0062] This application obtains the burial depth, offset distance, minimum vertical depth of the build-up point, maximum build-up rate and maximum deflection rate allowed by the offset plane, allowable well inclination value by the offset plane, and maximum allowable increase rate of the target well from the plane. Based on the allowable well inclination value by the offset plane and the size of different offset distances, a convenient calculation formula is applied to quickly obtain the limit vertical depth of the low-resistivity trajectory of the three-dimensional horizontal well. This allows for rapid assessment of the adaptability of the low-resistivity trajectory of the three-dimensional horizontal well, improving the efficiency and accuracy of wellbore trajectory design for shallow or ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wells.

[0063] In some implementations, step S120, which determines the minimum vertical depth of a three-dimensional horizontal well based on orbital parameters, may include:

[0064] Determining the required inclination value for the stabilization section of a well is crucial in drilling operations. A reasonable inclination value ensures wellbore stability. For example, if the inclination value is too high, the lateral forces on the wellbore will increase, potentially leading to wellbore collapse and impacting drilling safety and subsequent well completion and production operations. The inclination value for the stabilization section should be controlled within a certain range to ensure smooth casing installation. If the inclination value is too high, the casing may encounter resistance within the well, increasing the difficulty and risk of casing installation.

[0065] The minimum vertical depth is determined based on the different well inclination requirements for the stable inclination section.

[0066] In some implementations, the corresponding minimum vertical depth is determined based on different well inclination requirements for the stable inclination section, including:

[0067] For example, in the case where there is no requirement for a stable well inclination value and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth is... Among them, H kop Indicates the vertical depth of the oblique construction point, γ 1max γ represents the maximum slope rate. 2max γ represents the maximum slope drop. 3max Indicates the maximum ramp rate, the first parameter is

[0068] For example, in the case where there is no requirement for the inclination value of the stable section of the well and the offset distance is less than the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth is... L represents the offset distance;

[0069] For example, in the case where a stable well inclination value requirement exists and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth is...

[0070] Where α represents the parameter corresponding to the required well inclination value in the stable inclination section, and the second parameter is the product of (1-cosα) and the first parameter;

[0071] For example, in the case where a stable well inclination value requirement exists and the offset distance is less than the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth is...

[0072] It should be noted that the ultimate vertical depth H of the low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well is... min The burial depth H of the formation drilled by the target three-dimensional horizontal well F Compare, if H min ≤H F If the target formation depth of the target three-dimensional horizontal well meets the limit vertical depth requirement of the low-resistivity trajectory design, then the dual two-dimensional low-resistivity trajectory design method can be used; otherwise, if the target formation depth of the target three-dimensional horizontal well does not meet the limit vertical depth requirement of the low-resistivity trajectory design, the dual two-dimensional low-resistivity trajectory design method should not be used to avoid the inability to achieve low-resistivity drilling or to bring greater difficulties and risks.

[0073] In some implementations, step S130, based on the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth, determining the low-resistivity trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well may include:

[0074] Obtain the comparison results of minimum vertical depth and stratum burial depth, and compare the minimum vertical depth and stratum burial depth to determine their magnitude relationship. This result serves as an important basis for subsequent determination of design scheme.

[0075] For example, when the minimum vertical depth is less than or equal to the formation depth, a dual two-dimensional low-resistance trajectory design can be adopted. In this case, the three-dimensional drilling process can be decomposed into two two-dimensional stages, reducing the frictional resistance and bending stress caused by complex three-dimensional spatial movements. The dual two-dimensional design allows the drill bit to move more smoothly during drilling, reducing the power requirements of drilling equipment and saving energy consumption. By rationally planning the wellbore trajectory of the two two-dimensional stages, unnecessary bending and turning can be avoided, reducing the flow resistance of drilling fluid in the wellbore, improving the circulation efficiency of drilling fluid, and further reducing drilling resistance. This design helps to reduce the time required to handle complex downhole situations. Once accidents such as stuck pipe or lost circulation occur, handling them often requires a lot of time and resources. The dual two-dimensional low-resistance trajectory design can reduce the probability of accidents, improve the continuity of drilling operations, and thus improve overall drilling efficiency.

[0076] In some implementations, the vertical depth of the start-up point is the minimum vertical depth, which is between 30 and 100 meters. Clearly defining the vertical depth of the start-up point as the minimum vertical depth and specifying its range of 30 to 100 meters facilitates drill bit selection and drilling control, enables measurement-while-drilling (MWD) and monitoring, ensures the normal operation of MWD tools, and provides real-time monitoring and feedback for the drilling process. Furthermore, setting the start-up point above 30 meters avoids unstable shallow formations, reducing the risk of wellbore collapse and stuck pipe. Additionally, for situations involving high pressure, high temperature, or complex lithology in deep formations, appropriately selecting the vertical depth of the start-up point can, to some extent, reduce drilling difficulty.

[0077] In some implementations, for three-dimensional horizontal wells where the horizontal section is not on a horizontal plane, the formation depth is equal to the depth of the starting point of the horizontal section. This depth helps to accurately determine the formation depth in such complex situations, thereby providing accurate parameters for low-resistance track design.

[0078] For example, a well inclination value between 45° and 70° in the stable inclination section can, to some extent, balance drilling speed and wellbore stability. Compared to a smaller stable inclination value, this range allows for faster drilling speeds without making the wellbore too unstable, leading to frequent accidents and shutdowns.

[0079] For example, under certain geological conditions, a well inclination value between 45° and 70° in the stabilization section allows the wellbore to better traverse formations of varying hardness, dip angle, and lithology, improving drilling success rates. For instance, when encountering inclined formations, a suitable stabilization section inclination value can reduce the angle between the wellbore and the formation, lowering the risk of stuck pipe during drilling. Furthermore, for areas with specific reservoir distributions, a stabilization section inclination value between 45° and 70° allows the wellbore to more effectively enter and traverse the reservoir, increasing oil and gas production efficiency. For example, in certain inclined reservoirs, this stabilization section inclination value ensures a larger contact area between the wellbore and the reservoir, increasing oil and gas production.

[0080] For example, if there is no requirement for the inclination value of the stable inclination section, the inclination value of the stable inclination section is 90°. That is, when there is no explicit requirement for the inclination value of the stable inclination section, the inclination value of the stable inclination section is set to 90°, and the wellbore trajectory has the greatest inclination in the vertical direction, that is, it is completely horizontal.

[0081] like Figure 7As shown, the three-dimensional horizontal well offset plane refers to the two-dimensional trajectory plane CDGH used in directional drilling trajectory design to complete the offset. On this plane, the inclination build-up, inclination stabilization, and inclination reduction trajectory control operations need to be completed, and the extended drilling of the offset distance needs to be completed. The maximum build-up rate, maximum inclination reduction rate, and maximum build-up rate are between 5° / 30m and 15° / 30m. Influenced by wellbore structure, casing size, and subsequent completion string safety requirements, the maximum allowable build-up and inclination reduction rates on the three-dimensional horizontal well offset plane have certain requirements, generally between 5° / 30m and 15° / 30m, preferably not exceeding 20° / 30m. These can be determined by comprehensive analysis by drilling, completion, and oil and gas engineers based on the wellbore structure and subsequent completion process requirements of the three-dimensional horizontal well.

[0082] For example, the values ​​of the maximum build-up rate, maximum deflection rate, and maximum ramp rate are taken within the range of 5° / 30 meters to 15° / 30 meters, meaning that the bending angle of the wellbore trajectory changes between 5° and 15° per 30 meters of drilling distance. This takes into account factors such as wellbore structure, casing size, and the requirements for the safe passage of subsequent completion strings. If the build-up rate, deflection rate, or ramp rate is too high, it may lead to wellbore instability, difficulty in casing installation, or failure of the completion string to pass smoothly.

[0083] In one embodiment, a heavy oil thermal recovery project employs an ultra-shallow cluster horizontal well platform development method. The reservoir depth is 375–435 m, with a maximum offset design of 600 m. The requirement is that the total angle variation rate of each well section is <13° / 30 m, i.e., γ 1max γ 2max γ 3max All are 13° / 30m, the offset from the plane steady angle is not required, and the foremost inclined point H kopmin The depth of the target reservoir, H, is calculated to be 45m, and the dual two-dimensional orbit target reservoir depth is determined by calculation. min The depth is 441m, which is greater than the reservoir depth of 375-435m. Therefore, the wellbore trajectory design using a three-dimensional horizontal well with low resistance is not suitable for this block.

[0084] According to a second aspect of this application, a device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistance trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well is also proposed. Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, provided as an embodiment of this application. (Reference) Figure 8 The determining device may include:

[0085] The acquisition module 810 is used to acquire the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well. The trajectory parameters include formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section.

[0086] The first determining module 820 is used to determine the minimum vertical depth of a three-dimensional horizontal well based on the orbital parameters;

[0087] The second determining module 830 is used to determine the low-resistance trajectory design scheme of a three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and the formation burial depth.

[0088] In the parameter acquisition stage, the device for determining the minimum vertical depth of the low-resistivity trajectory of a three-dimensional horizontal well collects various trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well, including formation depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination increase rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section.

[0089] The burial depth of the strata is used to determine the burial depth of the starting point of the horizontal section (target point A), reflecting the location information of the target strata;

[0090] The offset distance is used to determine the vertical distance from the wellhead to the azimuth line of the horizontal section of the three-dimensional horizontal well, and has an important impact on the wellbore trajectory design;

[0091] The minimum vertical depth of the build-up point is used to determine the minimum well depth at which directional drilling can begin to increase its inclination. For ultra-shallow three-dimensional horizontal wells, it is generally between 30-100m, and it affects the starting curvature point of the wellbore trajectory.

[0092] The maximum build-up rate and maximum deflection rate are affected by the wellbore structure, the size of the casing, and the safety requirements for the subsequent completion string, which determine the maximum degree of wellbore bending in the offset plane.

[0093] The maximum stable inclination value is influenced by the structure and safe running of the subsequent production tubing, and is set between 45° and 70°. If the oil and gas engineer does not specify a value, 90° is preferred. The maximum stable inclination value affects the degree of inclination in the stable well section.

[0094] The maximum ramp rate is affected by the requirements of subsequent casing size, safe passage of subsequent completion string, and installation of oil and gas production equipment. It does not exceed 20° / 30m and is generally between 5° / 30m and 15° / 30m, which determines the maximum degree of wellbore curvature in the plane in front of the target.

[0095] In the minimum vertical depth determination stage, the first determination module determines the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the acquired trajectory parameters.

[0096] In the stage of determining the low-resistivity trajectory design scheme, the second determination module determines the low-resistivity trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth. The module for judging the adaptability of the low-resistivity trajectory for the three-dimensional horizontal well compares the minimum vertical depth and formation burial depth. If H min ≤H FIf the target formation depth of the target three-dimensional horizontal well meets the limit vertical depth requirement of the low-resistivity trajectory design, then the dual two-dimensional low-resistivity trajectory design method can be used; otherwise, the target formation depth of the target three-dimensional horizontal well does not meet the limit vertical depth requirement of the low-resistivity trajectory design, and the dual two-dimensional low-resistivity trajectory design method is not recommended.

[0097] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided. Figure 9 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device 900 may include a processor 910 and a memory 920. The memory 920 stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by the processor 910, are used to perform the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described above.

[0098] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a storage medium is also provided, on which program instructions are stored, which, when executed, are used to perform the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described above. The storage medium may, for example, include a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a computer, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media.

[0099] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific details and beneficial effects of the device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well by reading the above description of the relevant method. For the sake of brevity, these details will not be repeated here.

[0100] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and / or device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0101] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0102] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0103] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0104] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, characterized in that, include: The trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well are obtained, including formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section. Based on the orbital parameters, the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined; Based on the minimum vertical depth and the formation burial depth, a low-resistance trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well is determined.

2. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the minimum vertical depth of a three-dimensional horizontal well based on the orbital parameters includes: Obtain the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section; The minimum vertical depth is determined based on the different well inclination requirements for the stable inclination section.

3. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the corresponding minimum vertical depth based on different stable well inclination requirements includes: If the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section does not exist, and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth... Among them, H kop Indicates the vertical depth of the inclined point, γ 1max γ represents the maximum slope rate. 2max γ represents the maximum slope drop. 3max The first parameter represents the maximum ramp rate. If the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section does not exist, and the offset distance is less than the first parameter, the minimum vertical depth is equal to... L represents the offset distance; For cases where the required well inclination value exists in the stable inclination section, and the offset distance is greater than or equal to the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth... Wherein, α represents the parameter corresponding to the required well inclination value of the stable inclination section, and the second parameter is the product of (1-cosα) and the first parameter; When the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section exists, and the offset distance is less than the second parameter, the minimum vertical depth...

4. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The process of determining the low-resistivity trajectory design scheme for the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and the formation burial depth includes: Obtain the comparison results between the minimum vertical depth and the burial depth of the stratum; When the minimum vertical depth is less than or equal to the burial depth of the stratum, a dual two-dimensional low-resistance track design scheme is adopted.

5. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical depth of the inclination point is the minimum vertical depth of the inclination point, which is between 30 meters and 100 meters.

6. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in claim 4, characterized in that, For a three-dimensional horizontal well where the horizontal segment is not on a horizontal plane, the formation depth is equal to the depth of the starting point of the horizontal segment.

7. The method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section exists, the value of the well inclination value for the stable inclination section is between 45° and 70°. If the required well inclination value for the stable inclination section does not exist, the well inclination value for the stable inclination section shall be 90°. The values ​​of the maximum inclination rate, the maximum descent rate, and the maximum ramp rate are between 5° / 30m and 15° / 30m.

8. A device for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistance trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the trajectory parameters of the target three-dimensional horizontal well, wherein the trajectory parameters include formation burial depth, offset distance, vertical depth of the inclination point, maximum inclination rate, maximum declination rate, maximum inclination rate, and well inclination value of the stable inclination section. The first determining module is used to determine the minimum vertical depth of the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the orbital parameters; The second determining module is used to determine the low-resistance trajectory design scheme of the three-dimensional horizontal well based on the minimum vertical depth and the formation burial depth.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by the processor, are used to perform the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium storing program instructions that, when executed, perform the method for determining the minimum vertical depth of a low-resistivity trajectory in a three-dimensional horizontal well as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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