Rotating electric machine

Abstract

In a rotating electric machine (40) provided with a stator (50) having a stator winding (52) and a rotor (60) facing the stator in the radial direction, the rotor has main pole portions (62) provided to each of magnetic poles arranged in the circumferential direction and protruding in the radial direction, and field windings (70) wound around the main pole portions. The field winding has a first winding section (71) and a second winding section (72). The rotating electrical machine is provided with electrical paths (80, 81) connected in parallel to at least one of the first winding part and the second winding part. The electrical path is configured so as to cause a current flowing therethrough to flow in one direction.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This application is based on Japanese Application No. 2023-168361, filed on September 28, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to a winding-excited type rotary electric machine. Background Technology

[0004] Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, there are known rotating electric machines of the winding excitation type, which include a stator and a rotor. The rotor has: a main pole portion provided in each of the circumferentially arranged magnetic poles and protruding radially, and an excitation winding wound around each main pole portion. A current containing a high-frequency current flows in the stator winding of the stator. As a result, a voltage is induced in the excitation winding, and an excitation current flows in the excitation winding.

[0005] Prior technology documents

[0006] Patent documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 6969529.

[0008] There is still room for improvement in techniques aimed at increasing the torque of rotating electric machines and reducing torque ripple and losses by reducing excitation current ripple. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main objective of this disclosure is to provide a rotating electric motor capable of increasing the excitation current flowing through the excitation winding.

[0010] The rotary electric motor disclosed herein includes:

[0011] Stator, having stator windings; and

[0012] The rotor is radially opposite the stator.

[0013] The rotor has:

[0014] The main pole portion, which is disposed on each magnetic pole arranged in the circumferential direction and protrudes radially; and

[0015] An excitation winding, which is wound around each of the main pole portions.

[0016] The excitation winding has a first winding section and a second winding section.

[0017] The rotary motor has an electrical path that is connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0018] The electrical path is configured such that the current flowing through it flows in one direction.

[0019] By configuring the aforementioned electrical path, the excitation current flowing through the first and second winding sections can be increased, while reducing excitation current pulsation. As a result, the torque of the rotating electric machine can be increased, and torque pulsation and losses can be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are as follows:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall configuration diagram of the control system of the rotary electric machine according to the first embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the inverter and its surrounding components.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotor and stator.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a time diagram showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor involved in the comparative example.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a time diagram showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first winding and the second winding in the comparative example.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor according to the second embodiment.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a time graph showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first and second windings.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor according to the third embodiment.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a time diagram showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor according to the fourth embodiment.

[0033] Figure 13 It is a time diagram showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the circuitry of the rotor according to the fifth embodiment.

[0035] Figure 15 It is a time diagram showing the changes in current and torque flowing through the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0036] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0037] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0038] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0039] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0040] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0041] Figure 21 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0042] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0043] Figure 23 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0044] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0045] Figure 25 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0046] Figure 26 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0047] Figure 27 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0048] Figure 28 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0049] Figure 29 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0050] Figure 30 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0051] Figure 31 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0052] Figure 32 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0053] Figure 33 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0054] Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating the circuitry of a rotor according to other embodiments.

[0055] Figure 35 This is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor and stator involved in other embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0056] Several embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these embodiments, functionally and / or structurally corresponding and / or related parts may be labeled with the same reference numerals or with more than one different reference numeral. For details regarding corresponding and / or related parts, please refer to the descriptions of other embodiments.

[0057] <First Implementation>

[0058] Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the rotary electric motor according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The rotary electric motor constitutes a control system for the rotary electric motor, and the control system is mounted on a vehicle. The rotary electric motor is the power source for the vehicle's movement.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the control system includes a DC power supply 10, an inverter 20, a control device 30, and a rotating motor 40. The rotating motor 40 is a self-excited synchronous machine with a field winding. For example, it can be configured as an electromechanical drive device including the rotating motor 40, the inverter 20, and the control device 30, or the rotating motor 40, the inverter 20, and the control device 30 can be composed of individual components.

[0060] The rotary motor 40 includes a housing 41 and a stator 50 and a rotor 60 housed within the housing 41. The rotary motor 40 of this embodiment is an inner rotor type rotary motor in which the rotor 60 is arranged radially inside the stator 50.

[0061] The stator 50 includes a stator core 51 and a stator winding 52. The stator winding 52 is made of copper wire, for example, and includes U, V, and W phase windings 52U, 52V, and 52W arranged with electrical angles offset from each other by 120°.

[0062] The rotor 60 has a rotor core 61 and an excitation winding 70. The excitation winding 70 is made of, for example, aluminum wire, copper wire, or CNT (carbon nanotubes). A rotating shaft 32 is inserted into the central hole of the rotor core 61. The rotating shaft 32 is supported by the housing 41 via a bearing 42 and is rotatable.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the inverter 20 includes a series connection of upper arm switches SUP, SVp, SWp for phases U, V, and W, and lower arm switches SUn, SVn, SWn for phases U, V, and W. The first terminals of the phase windings 52U, 52V, and 52W are connected to the connection points of the upper arm switches SUP, SVp, SWp and the lower arm switches SUn, SVn, SWn. The second terminals of the phase windings 52U, 52V, and 52W are connected at the neutral point. That is, in this embodiment, the phase windings 52U, 52V, and 52W are star-connected. Furthermore, in this embodiment, each switch SUP to SWn is an IGBT. A freewheeling diode is connected in anti-parallel to each switch SUP to SWn. Alternatively, each switch SUP to SWn may also be an N-channel MOSFET.

[0064] The positive terminal of the DC power supply 10 is connected to the collector of the high-potential side terminals of the upper arm switches SUP, SVP, and SWP of phases U, V, and W. The negative terminal of the DC power supply 10 is connected to the emitter of the low-potential side terminals of the lower arm switches SUn, SVn, and SWn of phases U, V, and W. In addition, a smoothing capacitor 11 is connected in parallel with the DC power supply 10.

[0065] Next, use Figure 3 The stator 50 and rotor 60 are described below.

[0066] Both the stator 50 and the rotor 60 are arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 32 (specifically, on the rotation center axis O). In the following description, the direction in which the rotating shaft 32 extends is defined as axial, the direction in which it extends radially from the center of the rotating shaft 32 is defined as radial, and the direction in which it extends circumferentially around the rotating shaft 32 is defined as circumferential.

[0067] The stator 50 is constructed of laminated steel plates made of soft magnetic material, and has an annular back yoke 51a and a plurality of teeth 51b protruding radially inward from the back yoke 51a. A plurality of circumferentially arranged slots 54 are formed between adjacent teeth 51b. The stator winding 52 is constructed by accommodating the phase windings of each phase in a predetermined order in each slot 54.

[0068] The rotor 60 is made of a soft magnetic material, such as laminated steel plates. The rotor 60 has a cylindrical rotor core 61 and a plurality of main pole portions 62 protruding radially outward from the rotor core 61. In this embodiment, eight main pole portions 62 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0069] The excitation winding 70 includes a first winding portion 71 and a second winding portion 72. In each main pole portion 62, the first winding portion 71 is wound radially outward, and the second winding portion 72 is wound radially inward compared to the first winding portion 71. In each main pole portion 62, the winding directions of the first winding portion 71 and the second winding portion 72 are the same. Furthermore, in adjacent main pole portions 62 in the circumferential direction, the winding directions of the winding portions 71 and 72 wound on one side are opposite to the winding directions of the winding portions 71 and 72 wound on the other side. Therefore, the magnetization directions of adjacent main pole portions 62 in the circumferential direction are opposite to each other.

[0070] Back Figure 2 The control system includes a current sensor 21, an angle sensor 22, a voltage sensor 23, and a temperature sensor 24. The current sensor 21 detects the current in at least two phases of the rotating motor 40. The angle sensor 22 detects the rotation angle (electrical angle) of the rotor 60, and is, for example, a rotary transformer. In this embodiment, the voltage sensor 23 detects the voltage of the DC power supply 10. The temperature sensor 24 detects the temperature of the rotating motor, etc., and is, for example, a thermistor. The detection values ​​of each sensor 21 to 24 are input to the control device 30.

[0071] The control device 30 is an electronic control unit primarily composed of a microcomputer 31. The microcomputer 31 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The functions provided by the microcomputer 31 can be provided through software stored in a physical memory device and a computer executing that software, software only, hardware only, or a combination thereof. For example, if the microcomputer 31 is provided by hardware electronic circuitry, it can be provided through digital or analog circuitry containing multiple logic circuits. For example, the microcomputer 31 executes a program stored in a non-transitory tangible storage medium, which is its own built-in storage. The program includes a program for controlling the rotary motor 40. By executing the set of instructions constituting the program, the method corresponding to the program is executed. The storage unit is, for example, non-volatile memory. Furthermore, the program stored in the storage unit can be updated, for example, via a communication network such as the Internet (OTA).

[0072] Next, the circuitry on the rotor 60 side, which is a characteristic feature of this embodiment, will be described. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the circuitry on the rotor 60 side, which includes a first winding section 71 and a second winding section 72. Figure 4 The first winding section 71 shown is a series connection body of the first winding sections 71 wound around each main pole section 62. Figure 4 The second winding section 72 shown is a series connection of the second winding sections 72 wound around each main pole section 62.

[0073] The rotor 60 includes a parallel diode 80 (equivalent to an "electrical path") and a series capacitor 100. The parallel diode 80 is connected in parallel with the second winding portion 72. Specifically, the anode of the parallel diode 80 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding portion 72, and the cathode of the parallel diode 80 is connected to the second end 72b of the second winding portion 72. This forms a closed loop including the second winding portion 72 and the parallel diode 80. In this closed loop, current flows in one direction from the anode side of the parallel diode 80 to the cathode side.

[0074] The second end 72b of the second winding 72 is connected to the first end 71a of the first winding 71. The second end 71b of the first winding 71 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding 72 via a series capacitor 100. This forms a closed loop comprising the first winding 71, the second winding 72, and the series capacitor 100. In this embodiment, the second winding 72 has more turns than the first winding 71. Furthermore, the series capacitor 100 is, for example, a ceramic capacitor or a film capacitor.

[0075] The control device 30 generates drive signals to turn the switches Sup to SWn of the inverter 20 on and off. Specifically, in order to convert the DC power output from the DC power supply 10 into AC power and supply it to the U, V, and W phase windings 52U, 52V, and 52W, the control device 30 generates drive signals to turn the arm switches Sup to SWn on and off, and supplies the generated drive signals to the gates of each arm switch Sup to SWn. Thus, in each phase, the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch are alternately turned on with a dead time interval.

[0076] The control device 30 switches Sup to SWn on and off to allow the combined current flowing in each phase winding 52U, 52V, and 52W to consist of the fundamental current and a high-frequency current (specifically, the high-frequency excitation current) with a higher frequency than the fundamental current. The fundamental current is the current that primarily generates torque in the rotating motor 40. The high-frequency current is the current that primarily induces excitation current in the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72 of the excitation winding 70. The phase currents flowing through each phase winding 52U, 52V, and 52W are staggered by an electrical angle of 120°.

[0077] Furthermore, the high-frequency current flowing through the stator winding 52 can be a high-order harmonic current with a frequency that is N times the frequency of the fundamental current (N is an integer greater than 2), or it can be a current with a frequency that deviates from the frequency of the fundamental current by N times.

[0078] according to Figure 4 The circuit shown is similar to... Figure 6 Compared to the comparative example shown, the DC component of the excitation current can be increased. The reason for this increase is explained using... Figure 5 Explanation will be provided. In Figure 5 The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, and the torque of the rotary motor 40 during one electrical angle cycle of the rotor 60 when the rotor 60 rotates at 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency (specifically, the frequency of the high-frequency current) is 2.4 kHz. Figure 4 As shown, the current IL1 flowing through the first winding section 71 is set to positive in the direction from the second end 71b side of the first winding section 71 towards the first end 71a side. The current IL2 flowing through the second winding section 72 is set to positive in the direction from the second end 72b side of the second winding section 72 towards the first end 72a side.

[0079] When a high-frequency current flows through the stator winding 52, an induced voltage is generated in the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72, and an excitation current flows through them. The induced voltages in the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72 are, for example, in phase. The currents IL1 and IL2 flowing through the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72 contain the frequency components of the high-frequency current.

[0080] During the first period P1, current I1 flows from the first winding section 71 to the second winding section 72.

[0081] During the second period P2, when the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72 becomes greater than the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current I2a flows through the closed loop comprising the second winding 72 and the parallel diode 80. Furthermore, when the voltage across the second winding 72 exceeds the forward voltage Vf of the parallel diode 80, current flows in the aforementioned closed loop.

[0082] Since the current continues to flow through the closed loop containing the second winding section 72 and the parallel diode 80, the DC component of the excitation current can be increased. As a result, the DC component of the magnetic flux of the rotor 60 can be increased, and the torque of the rotating motor 40 can be increased.

[0083] Furthermore, during a portion of the second period P2, a portion of the current I2b flowing through the closed loop comprising the second winding 72 and the parallel diode 80 flows through the first winding 71. In this case, the sign of the change in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71 (i.e., the increase or decrease of current IL1) differs from the sign of the change in the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72 (i.e., the increase or decrease of current IL2). Therefore, the pulsation of the excitation current, which is the sum of the currents IL1 and IL2, can be reduced, thereby reducing the torque pulsation of the rotating motor 40.

[0084] exist Figure 6 The circuit on the rotor side of the comparative example is shown. This circuit includes a diode 74, a first capacitor 74, and a second capacitor 75. Figure 7 The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding section 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding section 72, and the torque of the rotating motor during one cycle of the rotor's electrical angle when the rotor's rotational speed is 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency is 2.4 kHz. Figure 7 One scale of the vertical axis for current and torque is compared to the previous one. Figure 5 The vertical axis of the current and torque in the figure has the same size.

[0085] In the comparative example, the DC component of the excitation current is mainly increased through the charging and discharging of the first capacitor 74. Figure 7The left column shows a timeline when the capacitance of the first capacitor 74 is set so that the torque of the rotary motor in the comparative example is the same as that in this embodiment. In this case, the capacitance of the first capacitor 74 in the comparative example becomes greater than the capacitance of the series capacitor 100 in this embodiment; specifically, for example, it becomes about three times the capacitance of the series capacitor 100. As a result, the first capacitor 74 in the comparative example becomes larger than the series capacitor 100 in this embodiment.

[0086] exist Figure 7 The right column shows a time graph showing the case where the capacitance of the first capacitor 74 in the comparative example is set to the same level as the capacitance of the series capacitor 100 in this embodiment. When the capacitance is set to the same level, the torque of the rotary motor in the comparative example becomes significantly lower than the torque of the rotary motor 40 in this embodiment, specifically, for example, it is reduced to about 1 / 3 of the torque in this embodiment.

[0087] By minimizing current ripple and increasing the number of turns in the second winding section 72 (which has a higher DC component) compared to the first winding section 71, the effect of reducing excitation current ripple and the effect of reducing torque ripple due to the increased DC component, as well as the effect of increasing torque, can be improved. Furthermore, the reduction in losses (e.g., losses in the rotor 60, specifically copper and iron losses) resulting from the reduction in excitation current ripple can be achieved.

[0088] According to the embodiment described in detail above, it is possible to increase the excitation current and reduce the pulsation of the excitation current while reducing the capacitance of the capacitor provided with the rotor 60. Therefore, it is possible to increase the torque of the rotating motor 40 and reduce torque pulsation and losses based on the reduction of excitation current pulsation.

[0089] <Second Implementation>

[0090] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. In this embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, instead of the series capacitor 100, the rotor 60 includes a series diode 90 (equivalent to a "limiting part"). The anode of the series diode 90 is connected to the first terminal 72a of the second winding portion 72. The cathode of the series diode 90 is connected to the second terminal 71b of the first winding portion 71. Thus, a closed loop is formed including the first winding portion 71, the second winding portion 72, and the series diode 90. The anodes of the parallel diode 80 and the series diode 90 are electrically connected to each other.

[0091] exist Figure 9The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, and the torque of the rotary motor 40 during one electrical angular cycle of the rotor 60 when the rotor 60 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency is 2.4 kHz. Figure 9 One scale of the vertical axis for current and torque is compared to the previous one. Figure 5 The vertical axis of the current and torque in the figure has the same size.

[0092] By connecting the diode 90 in series, the current flowing from the first end 71a side to the second end 71b side in the first winding section 71 is blocked. As a result, the current IL1 flowing through the first winding section 71 is rectified, and the pulsation of the current IL1 flowing through the first winding section 71 is reduced. Because the current IL1 flowing through the first winding section 71 is rectified, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding section 72 changes. Based on the rectification effect described above, the pulsation of the excitation current can be reduced, thereby reducing the torque pulsation of the rotary motor 40.

[0093] In the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72, a series diode 90 is connected in series with the first winding section 71, which has stronger magnetic coupling to the stator winding 52, and a parallel diode 80 is connected in parallel with the second winding section 72, which has weaker magnetic coupling. Since the voltage induced in the winding section with weaker magnetic coupling has a smaller impact than that of the side with stronger magnetic coupling, connecting the parallel diode 80 in parallel with the second winding section 72 of the side with weaker magnetic coupling further improves the effect of reducing excitation current ripple and increasing DC component. In this embodiment, in the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72, the second winding section 72, which is farther radially from the stator winding 52, has weaker magnetic coupling than the first winding section 71.

[0094] In the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72, the second winding section 72, which has weaker magnetic coupling with the stator winding 52, has more turns than the first winding section 71, which has stronger magnetic coupling. By increasing the number of turns in the second winding section 72, which has relatively smaller current ripple and a relatively larger DC component of the current, the effect of reducing excitation current ripple and increasing DC component can be further improved. Simultaneously, the effect of reducing torque ripple based on the reduction of current ripple and the increase of DC component, as well as the effect of increasing torque, can be improved. The reduction of current ripple also contributes to the improvement of efficiency. Furthermore, the electrical load on diodes 80 and 90 is also reduced.

[0095] <Modifications of the Second Embodiment>

[0096] The orientations of the parallel diode 80 and the series diode 90 can also be opposite. Specifically, the cathode of the parallel diode 80 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding portion 72, and the anode of the parallel diode 80 is connected to the second end 72b of the second winding portion 72. Similarly, the cathode of the series diode 90 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding portion 72, and the anode of the series diode 90 is connected to the second end 71b of the first winding portion 71. In this case, the cathodes of the parallel diode 80 and the series diode 90 are electrically connected to each other.

[0097] The parallel diode 80 and series diode 90 are not limited to diodes, as long as they are components that allow current to flow in one direction. For example, components having a first terminal and a second terminal, allowing current to flow from the first terminal to the second terminal and hindering current flow from the second terminal to the first terminal, can also be used as parallel diode 80 and series diode 90. For example, the parallel diode 80 and series diode 90 can also be components such as the body diode of a MOSFET (e.g., an N-channel MOSFET) that can hinder current flow in the opposite direction. In this case, the control device 30 can also perform synchronous rectification by turning the MOSFET on and off. The turning the MOSFET on and off can be done in a circuit built into the rotor 60 or via wireless communication such as a transformer.

[0098] <Third Implementation Method>

[0099] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the second embodiment. In this embodiment, as... Figure 10 As shown, the rotor 60 includes a parallel capacitor 110 connected in parallel with the series diode 90. The first end of the parallel capacitor 110 is connected to the second end 71b of the first winding portion 71, and the second end of the parallel capacitor 110 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding portion 72. This forms a closed loop including the first winding portion 71, the second winding portion 72, and the parallel capacitor 110. In this embodiment, the capacitance of the parallel capacitor 110 is greater than that of the previous... Figure 4 The capacitance of the series capacitor 100 is a small value, specifically, for example, less than 1 / 2, less than 1 / 3, or less than 1 / 4 of the capacitance of the series capacitor 100. Furthermore, the parallel capacitor 110 is, for example, a ceramic capacitor or a film capacitor.

[0100] exist Figure 11 The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, and the torque of the rotary motor 40 during one electrical angular cycle of the rotor 60 when the rotor 60 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency is 2.4 kHz. Figure 11One scale of the vertical axis for current and torque is compared to the previous one. Figure 9 The vertical axis of the current and torque in the figure has the same size.

[0101] By providing the parallel capacitor 110, the impedance of the closed loop including the parallel capacitor 110 is reduced, making it easier for current to flow through the closed loop. This increases the DC component of the excitation current. Furthermore, the parallel capacitor 110 mitigates the variations in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71 and the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, resulting in a smoother current waveform and a change in the phase of the current waveform. This smoother current waveform and change in phase reduce the pulsation of the excitation current and the pulsation of the torque determined by the sum of the two windings 71 and 72. The reduction in current pulsation also contributes to increased efficiency. Additionally, the electrical load on the diodes 80 and 90 is reduced. Compared to the comparative example described in the first embodiment, the electrical load on the parallel capacitor 110 is also reduced in this embodiment.

[0102] <Fourth Implementation>

[0103] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the fourth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the third embodiment. In this embodiment, as... Figure 12 As shown, the rotor 60 includes a capacitor 120 connected in parallel with the second winding section 72. In this embodiment, the capacitor 120 is referred to as the winding-side capacitor 120. In this embodiment, the capacitance of the winding-side capacitor 120 is the same as the capacitance of the series capacitor 100. Furthermore, the winding-side capacitor 120 is, for example, a ceramic capacitor or a film capacitor.

[0104] exist Figure 13 The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, and the torque of the rotary motor 40 during one electrical angular cycle of the rotor 60 when the rotor 60 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency is 2.4 kHz. Figure 13 One scale of the vertical axis for current and torque is compared to the previous one. Figure 11 The vertical axis of the current and torque in the figure has the same size.

[0105] By providing the winding-side capacitor 120, the impedance of the closed loop formed by the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72 can be individually set, and the phase of the current pulsation can be staggered, thereby reducing the pulsation of the excitation current. As a result, the torque pulsation of the rotating motor 40 can be reduced. In addition, placing the winding-side capacitor 120 near the parallel diode 80 also reduces the electrical load of the diodes 80 and 90. Compared with the comparative example described in the first embodiment, the electrical load of the parallel capacitor 110 is also reduced in this embodiment.

[0106] <Fifth Implementation>

[0107] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the fifth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, as... Figure 14 As shown, the rotor 60 includes a capacitor 121 instead of the parallel capacitor 110. In this embodiment, the capacitor 121 is referred to as the first winding-side capacitor 121, and the winding-side capacitor 120 is referred to as the second winding-side capacitor 120. The first winding-side capacitor 121 is connected in parallel with the first winding portion 71. Furthermore, the first winding-side capacitor 121 is, for example, a ceramic capacitor or a film capacitor.

[0108] exist Figure 15 The diagram shows the changes in the current IL1 flowing through the first winding 71, the current IL2 flowing through the second winding 72, and the torque of the rotary motor 40 during one electrical angle cycle of the rotor 60 when the rotor 60 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm and the excitation frequency is 2.4 kHz. Figure 15 One scale of the vertical axis for current and torque is compared to the previous one. Figure 13 The vertical axis of the current and torque in the figure has the same size.

[0109] By setting the second winding-side capacitor 120 and the first winding-side capacitor 121, the impedance of the closed loop formed by the first winding section 71 and the second winding section 72 can be individually set, and the phase of the current pulsation can be staggered, thereby reducing the pulsation of the excitation current. As a result, the torque pulsation of the rotary motor 40 can be reduced. In addition, compared with the voltage of the parallel capacitor 110 shown in the fourth embodiment, which is the sum of the voltage of the first winding section 71 and the voltage of the second winding section 72, the first winding-side capacitor 121 in this embodiment is only subjected to the voltage of the first winding section 71, thus reducing the load on the first winding-side capacitor 121. Furthermore, placing the capacitors 120 and 121 near the parallel diode 80 and the series diode 90 also reduces the electrical load on the diodes 80 and 90.

[0110] <Other Implementation Methods>

[0111] In addition, the above-described embodiments can also be modified as follows.

[0112] Figure 16 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 12 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 121.

[0113] Figure 17 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 12 In the circuit shown, instead of the second winding section 72, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 121.

[0114] Figure 18 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 8 In the circuit shown, the second winding section 72 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 120.

[0115] Figure 19 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 8 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 121.

[0116] Figure 20 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 4 In the circuit shown, instead of the second winding portion 72, the first winding portion 71 is connected in parallel with a parallel diode 81. The anode of the parallel diode 81 is connected to the first terminal 71a of the first winding portion 71, and the cathode of the parallel diode 81 is connected to the second terminal 71b of the first winding portion 71.

[0117] Figure 21 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 20 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 121.

[0118] Figure 22 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 21 In the circuit shown, the second winding section 72 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 120.

[0119] Figure 23 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 4 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with a circuit of parallel diode 81.

[0120] Figure 24 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 23 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with a capacitor 121. Furthermore, in... Figure 24 In the circuit, the second winding 72 may be connected in parallel with a capacitor instead of the first winding 71.

[0121] Figure 25 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 24 In the circuit shown, the second winding section 72 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 120.

[0122] Figure 26 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 20 In the circuit shown, the first end 71a of the first winding 71 and the second end 72b of the second winding 72 are connected by a series diode 91. The anode of the series diode 91 is connected to the first end 71a of the first winding 71, and the cathode of the series diode 91 is connected to the second end 72b of the second winding 72.

[0123] Figure 27 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 26 In the circuit shown, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with a capacitor 121. Furthermore, in... Figure 27 In the circuit, the second winding 72 may be connected in parallel with a capacitor instead of the first winding 71.

[0124] Figure 28 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 27 In the circuit shown, the second winding section 72 is connected in parallel with the circuit of capacitor 120.

[0125] Figure 29 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 8 In the circuit shown, a series diode 91 is provided between the second end 71b of the first winding portion 71 and the first end 72a of the second winding portion 72.

[0126] Figure 30 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 29 In the circuit shown, a capacitor 121 is connected in parallel to the first winding section 71, and a capacitor 120 is connected in parallel to the second winding section 72. Furthermore, in... Figure 30 In the circuit shown, either capacitor 120 or 121 may be omitted.

[0127] exist Figures 26-30 In this circuit, the orientations of diodes 81 and 91 can also be reversed. Figure 26 Taking this as an example, the cathode of the parallel diode 81 is connected to the first end 71a of the first winding section 71, and the anode of the parallel diode 81 is connected to the second end 71b of the first winding section 71. Similarly, the cathode of the series diode 91 is connected to the first end 71a of the first winding section 71, and the anode of the series diode 91 is connected to the second end 71b of the first winding section 71.

[0128] In the previous Figure 4 In the circuit shown, the series capacitor 100 may not be included. In this case, the second end 71b of the first winding 71 is connected to the first end 72a of the second winding 72. In this case, as... Figure 31 As shown, alternatively, instead of the second winding section 72, the first winding section 71 is connected in parallel with a parallel diode 81.

[0129] Figure 32 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 31 In the circuit shown, a capacitor 121 is connected in parallel to the first winding section 71, and a capacitor 120 is connected in parallel to the second winding section 72.

[0130] Figure 33 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 31 In the circuit shown, the second winding section 72 is connected in parallel with a circuit of parallel diode 80.

[0131] Figure 34 The circuit shown is from the previous Figure 33 In the circuit shown, a capacitor 121 is connected in parallel to the first winding section 71, and a capacitor 120 is connected in parallel to the second winding section 72.

[0132] The number of turns in the second winding section 72 can be less than the number of turns in the first winding section 71, or it can be the same as the number of turns in the first winding section 71.

[0133] It is also possible to use those with, such as Figure 35 The rotor of the excitation winding 170 shown. In detail, the excitation winding 170 includes a first winding portion 171 wound around the main pole portion 62 and a second winding portion 172 wound around the outside of the first winding portion 171.

[0134] As a rotating electric motor, it is not limited to an internal rotor type rotating electric motor, but can also be an external rotor type rotating electric motor. In this case, the main pole portion protrudes radially inward from the rotor core.

[0135] As a rotary motor, it is not limited to a star-shaped rotary motor, but can also be a delta-shaped rotary motor.

[0136] As a stator core, it can also be a stator core without teeth.

[0137] As a rotary motor, it is not limited to a rotary motor used as a vehicle host. For example, it can also be a rotary motor used as an ISG (Integrated Starter Generator) that serves as both a motor and a generator, or a rotary motor used as an auxiliary machine.

[0138] In the above embodiments, the illustrated circuit diagram shows a single capacitor connected to the same location in the circuit connected to the rotor. However, the capacitors connected to the same location can also be multiple capacitors connected in parallel. For example, in... Figure 4 In the circuit shown, instead of a single capacitor 100, multiple capacitors can be connected in parallel or series. The necessary capacitance can be ensured using multiple capacitors, and redundancy can be ensured by connecting multiple capacitors in parallel or series. Furthermore, although it is described that capacitors become larger as capacitance increases, even if the capacitance is increased by connecting multiple capacitors in parallel relative to the capacitor's capacitance, the volume occupied by the capacitors required for this increased capacitance will also increase if the necessary capacitance increases.

[0139] Even if the configuration of the first winding section and the series diode is interchanged, the circuit as the rotor is equivalent and thus the same effect can be obtained.

[0140] A capacitor with a small capacitance can also be connected in series with the winding or diode, and impedance and phase adjustments can be performed using this capacitor. Alternatively, a resistor with a small resistance value, such as a fuse, can be connected in series with the winding or diode to achieve the same effect.

[0141] The mobile body equipped with a control system is not limited to vehicles; for example, it could also be an aircraft or a ship. Furthermore, the control system is not limited to systems mounted on mobile bodies; it could also be a fixed system.

[0142] The following describes the characteristic features extracted from the above embodiments.

[0143] [Composition 1]

[0144] A rotary motor (40) comprising:

[0145] Stator (50), the stator having stator windings (52); and

[0146] Rotor (60), which is radially opposite the stator,

[0147] in,

[0148] The rotor has:

[0149] The main pole portion (62) is disposed on each magnetic pole arranged in the circumferential direction and protrudes radially; and

[0150] Excitation winding (70), which is wound around each of the main pole portions.

[0151] The excitation winding has a first winding section (71) and a second winding section (72).

[0152] The rotary motor has electrical paths (80, 81) that are connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding section and the second winding section.

[0153] The electrical path is configured such that the current flowing through it flows in one direction.

[0154] [Composition 2]

[0155] In the rotating electric machine described in configuration 1,

[0156] It includes a limiting section (90, 91) that is connected in series with the winding section of the first winding section and the second winding section that is not connected in parallel with the electrical path, so that the current flows in one direction.

[0157] [Composition 3]

[0158] In the rotating electric motor described in configuration 1 or 2,

[0159] The electrical path includes a parallel diode, which is a diode connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

[0160] [Composition 4]

[0161] In the rotary electric machine described in configuration 2,

[0162] The limiting part includes a series diode connected in series with one of the first winding part and the second winding part.

[0163] [Component 5]

[0164] In any of the rotating electric machines described in components 2 to 4,

[0165] Includes a parallel capacitor (110), which is a capacitor connected in parallel with the limiting part.

[0166] [Composition 6]

[0167] In the rotating electric motors described in section 5,

[0168] It includes winding-side capacitors (120, 121), which are capacitors connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

[0169] [Composition 7]

[0170] In any of the rotating electric machines described in components 1 to 4,

[0171] It includes a winding-side capacitor (120, 121) which is connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

[0172] [Composition 8]

[0173] In the rotating electric motor described in 6 or 7,

[0174] The winding-side capacitor is connected in parallel with the first winding section and the second winding section, respectively.

[0175] [Composition 9]

[0176] In any of the rotating electrical machines described in components 1 to 8,

[0177] The electrical path is connected in parallel with the winding portion of the first winding portion and the second winding portion that has weaker magnetic coupling with the stator winding.

[0178] [Composition 10]

[0179] In any of the rotating electrical machines described in components 1 to 8,

[0180] The electrical path is connected in parallel with the winding portion of the first winding portion and the second winding portion that is radially farther away from the stator winding.

[0181] [Composition 11]

[0182] In the nine rotating electric machines described,

[0183] The number of turns in the winding section of the first winding section and the second winding section that has weaker magnetic coupling with the stator winding is greater than the number of turns in the winding section of the side with stronger magnetic coupling.

[0184] [Composition 12]

[0185] In the 10 rotating electric machines described,

[0186] The winding portion that is radially farther from the stator winding in the first winding portion and the second winding portion has more turns than the winding portion that is closer to the stator winding.

[0187] [Composition 13]

[0188] In any of the rotating electric machines described in components 1 to 4,

[0189] The number of turns in the winding section connected in parallel with the electrical path in the first winding section and the second winding section is greater than the number of turns in the winding section not connected in parallel with the electrical path.

[0190] This disclosure is based on embodiments, but it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to those embodiments or structures. This disclosure also includes various modifications and equivalent variations. In addition, various combinations and forms, and thus other combinations and forms that include only one element, more than one element, or less than one element, are also included in the scope and spirit of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A rotary electric motor (40) comprising: Stator (50), the stator having stator windings (52); and Rotor (60), which is radially opposite the stator, Its features are, The rotor has: A main pole portion (62) is provided on each magnetic pole arranged in the circumferential direction and protrudes radially; as well as Excitation winding (70), which is wound around each of the main pole portions. The excitation winding has a first winding section (71) and a second winding section (72). The rotary motor has electrical paths (80, 81) that are connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding section and the second winding section. The electrical path is configured such that the current flowing through it flows in one direction.

2. The rotary motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a limiting section (90, 91) that is connected in series with the winding section of the first winding section and the second winding section that is not connected in parallel with the electrical path, so that the current flows in one direction.

3. The rotary motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical path includes a parallel diode, which is a diode connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

4. The rotary motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting part includes a series diode connected in series with one of the first winding part and the second winding part.

5. The rotary motor according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, Includes a parallel capacitor (110), which is a capacitor connected in parallel with the limiting part.

6. The rotary electric motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes winding-side capacitors (120, 121), which are capacitors connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

7. The rotary electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes a winding-side capacitor (120, 121) which is connected in parallel with at least one of the first winding portion and the second winding portion.

8. The rotary electric motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The winding-side capacitor is connected in parallel with the first winding section and the second winding section, respectively.

9. The rotary electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The electrical path is connected in parallel with the winding portion of the first winding portion and the second winding portion that has weaker magnetic coupling with the stator winding.

10. The rotary electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The electrical path is connected in parallel with the winding portion of the first winding portion and the second winding portion that is radially farther away from the stator winding.

11. The rotary electric motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of turns in the winding section of the first winding section and the second winding section that has weaker magnetic coupling with the stator winding is greater than the number of turns in the winding section of the side with stronger magnetic coupling.

12. The rotary electric motor according to claim 10, characterized in that, The winding portion that is radially farther from the stator winding in the first winding portion and the second winding portion has more turns than the winding portion that is closer to the stator winding.

13. The rotary electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The number of turns in the winding section connected in parallel with the electrical path in the first winding section and the second winding section is greater than the number of turns in the winding section not connected in parallel with the electrical path.

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