Solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel and thread grinding system

Abstract

The invention provides a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel and a thread grinding system, relates to the field of grinding systems, and aims at solving the problem that in existing thread grinding, cooling liquid in a V-shaped narrow machining area is difficult to permeate, so that grinding heat is sharply accumulated, and heat damage of a workpiece is caused. The base body is divided into the heat conduction area and the grinding work area in the radial direction, the axial hole channels filled with the solid-liquid phase change materials are distributed in the heat conduction area in an array mode, and during grinding machining, instantaneous gathered heat generated by the grinding work area can be rapidly conducted into the base body through frameworks formed between the adjacent hole channels; and at the moment, the solid-liquid phase change materials in the pore channels absorb a large amount of introduced heat by utilizing the phase change latent heat characteristic and generate phase transition, so that buffering is formed in the grinding wheel, heat accumulation of a V-shaped grinding area is effectively relieved from the interior of a base body, and the risks of burning and thermal deformation of the surface of a workpiece are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding systems, and more specifically to a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel and a thread grinding system. Background Technology

[0002] Thread grinding determines the accuracy and service life of threaded drive pairs. Unlike traditional external cylindrical or surface grinding, the working surface of the grinding wheel in thread grinding usually needs to be dressed into a V-shaped cross-section to cut deep into the workpiece and form threads. Especially in internal thread grinding, heat is difficult to dissipate in time, affecting the machining effect. At present, grinding wheel optimization mostly relies on external cooling methods or modifications to the base surface, such as opening heat dissipation grooves on the side of the base to increase the air contact area, or using external coolant nozzles for forced cooling.

[0003] Although existing technologies have alleviated the heat generation problem to some extent, they still cannot meet the requirements of high-precision deep thread grinding. The grinding heat that accumulates instantaneously in the narrow V-shaped grinding zone is difficult to be efficiently absorbed and discharged by the substrate, which can easily cause burns and thermal deformation on the workpiece surface. Under the high-speed rotation conditions of thread grinding, the convex tip and conical ring surface of the grinding wheel penetrate deep into the workpiece groove, which can easily generate an air barrier effect in the narrow processing area. This causes the externally sprayed grinding fluid to be directly bounced away and unable to effectively enter the core grinding zone. Therefore, heat accumulates rapidly in the V-shaped grinding working area during the processing, resulting in irreversible thermal damage to the workpiece and severely reducing the grinding wheel life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel and a thread grinding system, which can reduce the temperature in the grinding zone, slow down thermal damage to the workpiece, and improve the processing quality and grinding wheel durability.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel, which adopts the following solution: It includes a disc-shaped base, and a working surface with a radial cross-section that is V-shaped and convex is provided on the outer circumference of the base. The working surface is composed of two oppositely distributed conical annular surfaces. Along the radial direction of the substrate, the working surface is divided into a heat conduction zone and a grinding working zone. The heat conduction zone has an array of channels distributed along the axial direction of the substrate. The two ends of the channels are sealed, and the space between the two ends is filled with a solid-liquid phase change material. The adjacent channels form a skeleton that supports the grinding working zone.

[0006] Furthermore, grooves are formed on the conical annular surface, extending radially upwards along the base. The grooves are arranged along the entire length of the conical annular surface and are also connected to branch grooves that extend to the edge of the base.

[0007] Furthermore, the conical annular surface has multiple grooves spaced apart along the annular direction, and each groove and the connected branch groove form a Y-shaped leaf vein-like structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the channel is hexagonal, the channels in the heat-conducting area form a honeycomb structure, and the walls between adjacent channels form a skeleton.

[0009] Furthermore, the channel is divided into primary channel and secondary channel. The diameter of the primary channel is larger than that of the secondary channel. The secondary channels are distributed within the primary channels. A primary framework is formed between adjacent primary channels, and a secondary framework is formed between adjacent secondary channels. The secondary framework is connected to the primary framework, and the wall thickness of the hole corresponding to the primary framework is greater than that of the hole corresponding to the secondary framework.

[0010] Furthermore, the space between the two ends of the channel is filled with metal foam, and the solid-liquid phase change material is fixed in the metal foam in the form of particles.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal foam is an aluminum-based foam or a copper-based foam.

[0012] Furthermore, the substrate is provided with a clamping ring, which is located on the inner ring of the working surface and is fitted with a grinding wheel clamp.

[0013] A second objective of the present invention is to provide an internal thread grinding system that utilizes a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in the first objective.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a grinding wheel spindle box, a workpiece spindle box, and a grinding fluid supply assembly mounted on a base. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding wheel spindle in the grinding wheel spindle box. The workpiece spindle box is equipped with a workpiece spindle that carries the workpiece. The output end of the grinding fluid supply assembly is a grinding fluid nozzle, which faces the working position of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the problem of heat accumulation and workpiece thermal damage caused by the rapid accumulation of grinding heat in the narrow V-shaped machining zone during thread grinding, this invention solves the problem by establishing an internal active heat absorption mechanism for the grinding wheel. The substrate is radially divided into a heat-conducting zone and a grinding working zone. Axial channels filled with solid-liquid phase change material are arrayed and distributed within the heat-conducting zone. During grinding, the instantaneous heat generated in the grinding working zone can be rapidly conducted into the substrate through the skeleton formed between adjacent channels. At this time, the solid-liquid phase change material within the channels absorbs a large amount of the transferred heat and undergoes a phase transition, thus forming a buffer within the grinding wheel. Simultaneously, the skeleton structure retained between the channels maintains the required support stiffness of the grinding wheel under high-speed deep-cutting conditions. This effectively alleviates heat accumulation in the V-shaped grinding zone from within the substrate, reducing the risk of workpiece surface burns and thermal deformation. While improving thread machining accuracy and surface integrity, it also helps to slow down grinding wheel wear and extend its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel installed in a grinding system in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel combination grinding wheel fixture in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a side view schematic diagram of a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of section BB.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pores filled with solid-liquid phase change particles and metal foam in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the grooves in a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1. slide rail; 2. base; 3. grinding wheel spindle; 4. workpiece spindle box; 5. workpiece spindle; 6. workpiece; 7. solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel; 8. grinding fluid nozzle; 9. feed box; 10. grinding wheel spindle box; 11. grinding wheel fixture; 12. matrix; 13. solid-liquid phase change particles; 14. metal foam; 15. grinding working area; 16. primary channel; 17. secondary channel; 18. channel; 19. clamping ring; 20. working surface; 21. heat conduction zone; 22. groove. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-9 A solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel is proposed.

[0028] During thread grinding, the grinding heat in the narrow V-shaped grinding zone is difficult to dissipate efficiently, which can easily cause workpiece burns and thermal deformation. Existing external cooling methods or substrate surface improvement schemes are limited by air barrier effects, making it difficult for coolant to effectively enter the core grinding zone, resulting in a rapid accumulation of heat, which seriously affects machining accuracy and grinding wheel life.

[0029] In response, this embodiment proposes a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes a disc-shaped base 12, the outer circumference of which has a radially convex working surface 20 with a V-shaped cross-section. This working surface 20 is composed of two oppositely distributed conical annular surfaces. Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, along the radial direction of the substrate 12, the working surface 20 is divided into a heat-conducting zone 21 and a grinding working zone 15. The heat-conducting zone 21 has an array of channels 18 distributed along the axial direction of the substrate 12. The two ends of the channels 18 are sealed, and the space between the two ends is filled with a solid-liquid phase change material. The adjacent channels 18 form a skeleton that supports the grinding working zone 15.

[0030] The substrate 12 can be made of various materials, such as steel, cast iron or ceramic composites. The working surface 20 is the area where the grinding wheel mainly performs grinding operations. The V-shaped convex geometry allows it to be adapted to the shape of the thread for grinding. The working surface 20 can be formed directly from the material of the substrate 12, or by coating an abrasive layer on the outer circumference of the substrate 12 and dressing it.

[0031] In this embodiment, a pre-prepared abrasive grains, abrasive materials, and binder are made into a blank, and then channels 18 are machined on it. A solid-liquid phase change material is then filled and sealed to obtain a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7. The grinding wheel substrate 12 can be prepared by 3D printing. The mixed abrasive grains, abrasive materials, and binder are used as printing materials for 3D printing, directly forming the substrate 12 and the channels 18 on it. The channels 18 are then filled with a solid-liquid phase change material for sealing. Sealing can be performed by sintering, and the sealing material can be the same as that used for the substrate 12.

[0032] The conical annular surface contacts the workpiece 6 and is ground. The cone angle of the conical annular surface can be selected and configured according to requirements to adapt to the grinding requirements of different thread parameters. In some optional embodiments, the conical annular surface can be trimmed into a smooth surface and then abrasive grains are sintered and fixed on it to form a grinding working area.

[0033] The working surface 20 is divided into a heat conduction zone 21 and a grinding working zone 15, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the grinding working area 15 is located on the outer ring of the heat-conducting area 21. The grinding working area 15 is used to contact the workpiece 6 to remove material. The heat-conducting area 21 is mainly responsible for heat absorption and conduction. Channels 18 are arrayed on the heat-conducting area 21 to provide space for accommodating the phase change material. The channels 18 can be formed by drilling, pre-casting, or laser processing. As one implementation, the channels 18 have a circular cross-section and are arranged in a regular grid pattern. After the two ends of the channels 18 are sealed, a closed space is formed inside, thus preventing leakage of the solid-liquid phase change material filled inside.

[0034] Solid-liquid phase change materials can undergo a phase change under the heat of grinding, absorbing latent heat and thus reducing the local temperature of the grinding wheel. For example... Figure 8 As shown, for example, materials with suitable phase change temperatures, such as paraffin wax, salt hydrates, or metal alloys, can be filled. Solid-liquid phase change materials can be filled in the form of blocks, granules, powders, or slurries.

[0035] The skeleton not only separates the various channels 18, but also provides structural support for the grinding working area 15. The thickness of the skeleton can be configured according to the overall strength requirements and heat conduction requirements of the grinding wheel, and the skeleton can adopt a uniform wall thickness.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the conical ring surface of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 has grooves 22, which have a concave structure to provide channels for the flow of grinding fluid and the discharge of grinding chips. The cross-sectional shape of the grooves 22 can be designed as U-shaped, V-shaped, rectangular, etc., and the depth and width can also be configured according to requirements to meet the needs of grinding fluid supply and grinding chip discharge.

[0037] Along the radial direction of the base 12, the groove 22 is arranged along the conical annular surface, so that the grinding fluid can be continuously guided from the inside or outside of the grinding wheel to the grinding area, and the grinding debris can be effectively discharged from the grinding area, avoiding local blockage or fluid retention.

[0038] In addition, the groove 22 is connected to a branch groove 22, which serves as a secondary groove 22. The branch groove 22 increases the coverage of the grinding fluid and the collection path of the chips, improves the uniformity and comprehensiveness of the grinding fluid supply, and also increases the efficiency of collecting and discharging grinding chips.

[0039] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the branch groove 22 extends to the edge of the base 12, allowing the grinding fluid and chips to be smoothly discharged from the working surface 20 of the grinding wheel, avoiding accumulation in the edge area of ​​the grinding wheel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness and efficiency of the grinding process. The grinding fluid can lubricate the grinding interface, reduce frictional heat generation, and promptly remove grinding chips to prevent grinding wheel clogging, reduce the temperature of the grinding area, avoid the problems of grinding wheel burn and workpiece 6 surface quality degradation, and improve grinding efficiency and grinding wheel service life.

[0040] To improve the cooling and lubrication performance of the grinding area, multiple grooves 22 are distributed at intervals along the ring upwards on the conical annular surface, so that the conical annular surface can form multiple independent or semi-independent fluid channels while maintaining sufficient structural strength. Each groove 22 and the connected branch groove 22 form a Y-shaped imitation leaf vein structure.

[0041] The grooves 22 can be formed on the conical ring surface through precision machining, mold forming, or laser etching. Their number and spacing can be adjusted according to specific grinding conditions and fluid dynamics optimization requirements. Each main groove 22 and its connected branch grooves 22 together form a Y-shaped bifurcation structure similar to the veins of a plant leaf, simulating an efficient fluid transport system in nature to optimize the flow path of the grinding fluid on the working surface 20 of the grinding wheel. The geometric parameters of the Y-shaped leaf vein-like structure, such as the bifurcation angle, branch length, and width, can all be adjusted according to requirements to ensure fluid transmission efficiency and reduce flow resistance.

[0042] For ease of processing, the groove 22 and the connected branch groove 22 can adopt a straight structure, such as... Figure 9 As shown, a Y-shaped structure is formed.

[0043] In this embodiment, grooves 22 are distributed on both conical ring surfaces corresponding to the working surface 20, which can realize intermittent grinding, improve the heat dissipation and chip-carrying capacity of the grinding wheel, not only reduce the grinding resistance, but also allow the grinding fluid falling on the conical ring surface to enter the grinding area along the grooves 22 under the action of centrifugal force, reduce the temperature of the grinding area, and thus effectively reduce the occurrence of cracks, burns or thermal deformation of the workpiece 6. At the same time, it can also help the grinding chips to be discharged along the grooves 22 under the action of centrifugal force of the rotating grinding wheel.

[0044] When machining groove 22, laser etching can be used. Laser scanning is performed along a predetermined path. The edge of the grinding wheel, i.e., the grinding working area 15 during wheel operation, is thinner than the base 12. When machining this area, the laser power needs to be reduced to prevent heat buildup and edge chipping. After machining, the grinding wheel needs to be ultrasonically cleaned to remove debris that could affect its operation.

[0045] like Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the cross-section of the channel 18 is hexagonal, and the channel 18 in the heat conduction zone 21 forms a honeycomb structure, with the hole walls between adjacent channels 18 forming a skeleton.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the channel 18 is hexagonal, meaning that the cross-sectional shape of the channel 18 in the direction perpendicular to its axis is a regular hexagon or approximately hexagonal, which increases the filling amount of the solid-liquid phase change material. During manufacturing, the channel 18 with a hexagonal cross-section can be directly formed in the matrix 12 material using techniques such as precision casting, powder metallurgy sintering, and additive manufacturing. During the manufacturing process, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the channel 18 walls are controlled to ensure effective filling of the solid-liquid phase change material and the uniformity of the skeleton.

[0047] Multiple hexagonal channels 18 are closely arranged and share the wall surface to form a honeycomb-like array with high filling density and a large surface area for heat exchange. This ensures tight connection and wall sharing between adjacent channels 18 to form a stable skeleton.

[0048] The grinding wheel skeleton not only provides mechanical support and withstands the stress generated during grinding, but also serves as a heat conduction path, transferring grinding heat from the working surface 20 to the solid-liquid phase change material. The skeleton material is typically the same as the matrix material 12, such as a high thermal conductivity, high strength metal alloy or a high-performance ceramic material. The skeleton thickness is configured based on the overall strength requirements of the grinding wheel, thermal conductivity, and the filling space of the solid-liquid phase change material. During manufacturing, the continuity and uniformity of the skeleton are ensured to reduce areas of stress concentration or uneven thermal conductivity, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the overall structure and its thermal management performance.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, the channel 18 is divided into a primary channel 16 and a secondary channel 17. The diameter of the primary channel 16 is larger than the diameter of the secondary channel 17. The secondary channels 17 are distributed within the primary channel 16. A primary framework is formed between adjacent primary channels 16, and a secondary framework is formed between adjacent secondary channels 17. The secondary framework is connected to the primary framework, and the wall thickness of the hole corresponding to the primary framework is greater than the wall thickness of the hole corresponding to the secondary framework.

[0050] The channel 18 is divided into primary channel 16 and secondary channel 17 to construct a multi-layered structure and optimize the overall performance of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7. By dividing the channel 18 into different levels, functional division and optimization can be achieved. The primary channel 16 mainly undertakes structural support and heat transfer, while the secondary channel 17 can provide a more stable space for phase change material filling and heat exchange surface area. The hierarchical design allows the grinding wheel to more effectively utilize the solid-liquid phase change material for temperature regulation while maintaining the necessary structural rigidity.

[0051] The primary channel 16 serves not only as a heat transfer pathway but also as a carrier and protective structure for the secondary channel 17, ensuring that the solid-liquid phase change material is fully utilized within the heat-conducting zone 21 and forming a continuous heat exchange network. The thicker pore walls of the primary framework provide stronger mechanical support and resist the greater stress generated during grinding. Conversely, the thinner pore walls of the secondary framework reduce the thermal resistance of heat transfer from the pore walls to the phase change material, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, metal foam 14 is filled between the two ends of the channel 18, and the solid-liquid phase change material is fixed in the metal foam 14 in the form of particles. The metal foam 14 is a porous metal material containing a large number of interconnected or closed pores. Filling the metal foam 14 provides a skeletal support for the solid-liquid phase change material, preventing it from flowing and migrating in the liquid state, while improving the overall thermal conductivity. The metal foam 14 can be prepared by various processes such as sintering, casting, and electrodeposition, and its porosity, pore size, and pore structure can be selected according to the specific thermal conductivity requirements and the characteristics of the phase change material.

[0053] The solid-liquid phase change material (PCM) is fixed in the form of particles within the metal foam 14. The PCM particles 13 are bonded to the metal foam 14, increasing the contact area between the PCM and the metal foam 14 and improving heat exchange efficiency. The particle form also helps prevent large-scale leakage or loss of the PCM during the phase change process and allows for more uniform distribution within the pores of the metal foam 14. The particles can be filled into the pores of the metal foam 14 through impregnation, vacuum adsorption, or compaction, ensuring close contact with the metal foam 14 framework. Fixation methods can include physical adsorption, mechanical interlocking, or fixation with a small amount of adhesive to ensure the stability of the PCM under the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel and the grinding force.

[0054] The porous structure of the metal foam 14 provides stable physical support for the solid-liquid phase change material, effectively suppressing the flow, migration, and stratification of the phase change material in the liquid state, ensuring the uniform distribution and long-term stability of the phase change material within the channels 18. The particulate form of the solid-liquid phase change material further increases the contact area with the metal foam 14, optimizes heat exchange efficiency, and reduces the risk of phase change material leakage. The metal foam 14 filling the space between the two ends of the channel 18 is either aluminum-based or copper-based foam. Aluminum and its alloys have advantages such as low density, high thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, and relatively low cost. Using aluminum-based foam as a carrier for solid-liquid phase change material and a heat conduction enhancement structure can ensure that while maintaining the overall lightweight of the grinding wheel, it provides a good heat conduction path and effectively absorbs and transfers grinding heat.

[0055] Copper-based foam is a metal foam 14 made with copper or copper alloy as the matrix material 12. Copper has a higher thermal conductivity than aluminum, and also has good ductility and corrosion resistance. Using copper-based foam can provide higher thermal conductivity, and is especially suitable for grinding conditions with high heat dissipation efficiency requirements. It can transfer grinding heat from the working surface 20 to the solid-liquid phase change material more quickly, thereby controlling the temperature of the grinding zone more effectively.

[0056] In practical applications, in order to stably and accurately install the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 on the grinding equipment to withstand high-speed rotation and grinding force, and to facilitate disassembly and replacement, a clamping ring 19 is provided on the base 12. The clamping ring 19 is located on the inner ring of the working surface 20, and the clamping ring 19 is fitted with a grinding wheel clamp 11.

[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the clamping ring 19 is used to connect and fix the grinding wheel. The clamping ring 19 can be integrally formed with the base 12, for example, by casting, forging, or machining to form a ring structure directly on the base 12; or it can be a ring component manufactured separately and fixed to the base 12 by welding, bolting, interference fit, or gluing. The size and shape of the clamping ring 19 can be configured according to the overall size of the grinding wheel, the interface standard of the grinding machine spindle, and the required clamping force.

[0058] The clamping ring 19 is located on the inner ring of the working surface 20, near the central axis of the grinding wheel, and is fitted with the grinding wheel clamp 11. The grinding wheel clamp 11 is a special device used to fix the grinding wheel on a grinding machine tool, including components such as a clamping disc, nut, tapered sleeve, and flange. The clamping ring 19 can be designed with structures such as an inner tapered hole, an outer tapered surface, a threaded hole, or a keyway to match the corresponding structure of the grinding wheel clamp 11. For example, the tapered sleeve of the grinding wheel clamp 11 can be inserted into the inner tapered hole of the clamping ring 19 and tightened with a nut to axially clamp and radially position the grinding wheel; or the outer circumference of the clamping ring 19 can be fixed to the inner hole of the grinding wheel clamp 11 through an interference fit or bolt connection to ensure the concentricity and stability of the grinding wheel under high-speed rotation, while facilitating the quick installation and replacement of the grinding wheel.

[0059] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, an internal thread grinding system is provided, which utilizes a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 as in Example 1.

[0060] The internal thread grinding system is a machine tool or device used for precise machining of the internal threads of workpiece 6. It includes a grinding wheel spindle box 10, a workpiece spindle box 4, and a grinding fluid supply assembly mounted on a base. A solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 is mounted on the grinding wheel spindle 3 of the grinding wheel spindle box 10. The workpiece spindle box 4 is provided with a workpiece spindle 5 that carries the workpiece 6. The output end of the grinding fluid supply assembly is a grinding fluid nozzle 8, which faces the working position of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7.

[0061] The base is the fundamental support structure of the entire internal thread grinding system, providing a stable and rigid mounting platform for key components such as the grinding wheel spindle box 10, the workpiece spindle box 4, and the grinding fluid supply assembly. The grinding wheel spindle box 10 is the component used to mount, drive, and support the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7. It includes the grinding wheel spindle 3, drive motor, bearing system, and necessary lubrication and cooling devices. Its main function is to provide stable high-speed rotational power for the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 and ensure that the grinding wheel has sufficient rigidity and precision during grinding. The grinding wheel spindle box 10 can be a direct-drive spindle or a belt-driven spindle. The grinding wheel spindle 3 is the rotating shaft inside the grinding wheel spindle box 10 used to directly mount and drive the aforementioned solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7. It is driven by a motor, transmitting power to the grinding wheel to enable it to rotate at high speed for grinding.

[0062] The workpiece spindle box 4 is a component used to clamp, drive, and support the workpiece 6 to be processed. It includes the workpiece spindle 5, clamping mechanism, drive motor, and necessary positioning and adjustment mechanisms. Its main function is to clamp the workpiece 6 and make it rotate or feed according to a preset trajectory and speed during grinding to achieve precise internal thread forming. The workpiece spindle box 4 can be equipped with different types of fixtures, such as three-jaw chucks, hydraulic chucks, or special fixtures, depending on the size and shape of the workpiece 6. The drive motor is usually a servo motor, which can achieve high-precision angle positioning and speed control. The workpiece spindle 5 is the rotating shaft inside the workpiece spindle box 4 used to clamp and drive the workpiece 6. The workpiece 6 is fixed by the fixture and driven by the motor, so that the workpiece 6 performs precise rotation or feed movements during grinding.

[0063] The grinding fluid supply assembly is used to deliver grinding fluid to the grinding area. It includes a grinding fluid tank, pump, filter, pipeline and control valve, etc., to provide cooling, lubrication and chip removal functions to reduce grinding temperature, reduce friction, improve grinding efficiency and improve workpiece surface quality.

[0064] The grinding fluid nozzle 8 can be designed in various forms, such as a fan-shaped nozzle, a columnar nozzle, or a multi-hole nozzle. Its position and angle are usually adjustable to facilitate precise alignment with the grinding working area 15. The working position of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 refers to the contact area where the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel 7 and the workpiece 6 actually perform grinding. This is the area where heat generation is most concentrated and grinding force is greatest during the grinding process, and it is also the area where the grinding fluid needs to focus its effect.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel, characterized in that, It includes a disc-shaped base, with a working surface on the outer circumference of the base having a radial cross-section that is V-shaped and convex. The working surface is composed of two oppositely distributed conical annular surfaces. Along the radial direction of the substrate, the working surface is divided into a heat conduction zone and a grinding working zone. The heat conduction zone has an array of channels distributed along the axial direction of the substrate. The two ends of the channels are sealed, and the space between the two ends is filled with a solid-liquid phase change material. The adjacent channels form a skeleton that supports the grinding working zone.

2. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conical annular surface is provided with grooves that extend radially upwards along the base. The grooves are arranged along the entire length of the conical annular surface and are also connected to branch grooves that extend to the edge of the base.

3. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The conical annular surface has multiple grooves spaced apart along the annular direction, and each groove and the branch grooves connected to it form a Y-shaped leaf vein-like structure.

4. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the channel is hexagonal, and the channels in the heat conduction zone form a honeycomb structure, with the walls between adjacent channels forming a skeleton.

5. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The channel is divided into primary channel and secondary channel. The diameter of the primary channel is larger than that of the secondary channel. The secondary channels are distributed within the primary channels. Adjacent primary channels form a primary framework, and adjacent secondary channels form a secondary framework. The secondary framework connects to the primary framework, and the wall thickness of the primary framework is greater than that of the secondary framework.

6. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 1, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the channel are filled with metal foam, and the solid-liquid phase change material is fixed in the metal foam in the form of particles.

7. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The metal foam is an aluminum-based foam or a copper-based foam.

8. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base is provided with a clamping ring, which is located on the inner ring of the working surface and is fitted with a grinding wheel clamp.

9. An internal thread grinding system, characterized in that, Using a solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The internal thread grinding system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a grinding wheel spindle box, a workpiece spindle box, and a grinding fluid supply assembly mounted on a base. The solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding wheel spindle in the grinding wheel spindle box. The workpiece spindle box is equipped with a workpiece spindle that carries the workpiece. The output end of the grinding fluid supply assembly is a grinding fluid nozzle, which faces the working position of the solid-liquid phase change grinding wheel.

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