Test system for simulating pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural plant protection machinery and precision agriculture, in particular to a test system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises a base and an experiment barrel arranged on one side of the upper surface of the base, the rotating and lifting adjusting assembly is arranged on one side of the experiment barrel, the upper end of the rotating and lifting adjusting assembly is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle loading platform, the unmanned aerial vehicle module is installed through the unmanned aerial vehicle loading platform, and the unmanned aerial vehicle module is adjusted to the height specified by the experiment along with the action of the rotating and lifting adjusting assembly to simulate spraying operation. According to the invention, by providing a standardized indoor test platform, the problem of non-uniform spraying effect caused by individual difference of operators is effectively solved, the uncertainty of manual operation is eliminated, and objective and quantifiable spraying effect data is generated under strictly controlled conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural plant protection machinery and precision agriculture technology, specifically to an experimental system for simulating the effect of pesticide spraying by drones. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, agricultural drones have been widely used in pest and disease control due to their high efficiency, flexibility, and adaptability. Currently, the effectiveness of drone pesticide spraying operations is highly dependent on the operator's technical experience and sense of responsibility. The operations performed by different operators often show significant differences in terms of the uniformity of pesticide coverage and the amount of deposit, which can easily lead to quality disputes between farmers and service providers. Due to the lack of objective and quantifiable evaluation standards for spraying effects, such disputes are difficult to arbitrate effectively, which restricts the standardized development of the industry.

[0003] Furthermore, when drones encounter crops of different shapes, the droplet deposition patterns are complexly affected by multiple factors such as canopy structure, environmental wind field, and rotor downwash airflow. Existing technologies lack experimental means to accurately simulate these variables in a controlled environment and to quantitatively measure the effects, resulting in a lack of reliable basis for optimizing spraying methods and hindering the progress of precision pesticide application technology.

[0004] Therefore, a testing system that simulates the effects of drone pesticide spraying is needed to improve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of drones, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An experimental system for simulating the effects of pesticide spraying by drones includes: A base and an experimental barrel disposed on one side of the upper surface of the base, wherein the interior of the experimental barrel forms an experimental space; A rotating and lifting adjustment component is provided, which is located on one side of the experimental barrel. The upper end of the rotating and lifting adjustment component is connected to a drone loading platform. A drone module is installed on the drone loading platform. The drone module adjusts to the height specified in the test according to the movement of the rotating and lifting adjustment component to simulate spraying operations. Several simulated plant components are disposed at the lower end of the test space inside the experimental barrel, for receiving water mist sprayed by the UAV module; A simulated wind component is disposed on the outer side of the experimental barrel to simulate wind conditions in different directions; A wind force testing component is installed on the inner side of the experimental barrel to detect the wind force and direction of the simulated wind. A ventilation structure, located on the outside of the experimental barrel, is used to allow airflow and prevent air rebound when the simulated wind assembly is in operation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the simulated plant component is configured as a low-growing or medium-to-tall simulated crop as required by the experiment.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-growing simulated crop includes a bearing end, and a plurality of leaf and branch components are provided on the side of the branch and trunk. The upper end of the bearing end is connected to the branch and trunk, and the lower end of the branch and trunk is connected to a miniature weight sensor. The weight of the sprayed liquid sprayed onto the leaf and trunk is detected by the miniature weight sensor.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the branch and leaf component includes a leaf component that is fixedly connected to the side of the branch trunk, and the surface of the leaf component is provided with water-sensitive test paper.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation and lifting adjustment component includes a mounting base, a rotary motor is installed inside the mounting base, an electric lifting rod is connected to the output end of the rotary motor, and a mounting cantilever is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric lifting rod, and a drone loading platform is connected to the mounting cantilever. The drone loading platform includes a loading disk fixedly connected to the end of the mounting cantilever, and the loading disk has protrusions on its four sides, with a hanger fixedly connected to the bottom of each protrusion.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the simulated wind assembly includes a ring pipe and at least two air duct fittings that mate with and connect to the ring pipe. The ring pipe has an air cavity inside and a connecting end is provided on one side of the ring pipe. The air duct includes a set of air blowers. The upper end of each air blower is connected to the ring pipe through a flexible pipe. A side frame is provided on the outside of each air blower. An adjustment end is fixedly connected to the upper end of each air blower, and the adjustment end extends through to the upper end of the side frame. An air outlet groove is provided on the side edge of each side frame along its length direction.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wind test assembly includes at least two fixing strips fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the test barrel, and each fixing strip has at least two mounting holes on its side. A bracket is connected to the inside of the mounting hole, and a miniature anemometer is mounted on the bracket.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base is provided with an air outlet device, and an air outlet channel is provided between the air outlet device and the interior of the experimental barrel, and an air direction adjustment component is provided in the air outlet channel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a bottom groove is formed on the lower surface of the base, the air outlet device is a turbine fan installed inside the bottom groove, and a sealing plate is fitted and connected to the lower end of the bottom groove. The air outlet channel consists of several strip-shaped grooves formed between the upper surface of the base and the bottom groove. The air direction adjustment component is set inside the strip-shaped grooves and includes at least two adjustment bars, which are rotatably set inside the strip-shaped grooves.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation structure includes several strip grooves, several air holes, and several slots; Several grooves are arranged in a circular array at the bottom of the experimental barrel, and several strip grooves and several air holes are arranged at intervals on the side of the experimental barrel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention effectively solves the problem of inconsistent spraying effects caused by individual differences in operators by providing a standardized indoor testing platform, eliminating the uncertainty of human operation, and generating objective and quantifiable spraying effect data under strictly controlled conditions. This invention constructs a test environment for complex field conditions. Through modular simulated plant components, different forms of crop canopy structures can be flexibly constructed. By integrating multi-directional adjustable simulated wind components, especially the innovative bottom air outlet structure, it can simultaneously or separately simulate natural wind fields and the downwash airflow disturbance unique to drones. Combined with a high-precision sensor network, the system realizes the visualized monitoring and quantitative measurement of the interaction process among wind, canopy, and droplets, laying a solid data foundation for the formulation of scientific, efficient, and precise pesticide application procedures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second perspective perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram at point AA; Figure 5 Top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant model in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant model in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Experimental barrel; 3. Mounting seat; 4. Rotary motor; 5. Electric lifting rod; 6. Mounting cantilever; 7. Loading tray; 8. Hanging piece; 9. Ring pipe; 10. Connecting end; 11. Slot; 12. Bottom slot; 13. Sealing plate; 14. Strip groove; 15. Air hole; 16. Fixing strip; 17. Mounting hole; 18. Bracket; 19. Miniature anemometer; 20. Turbine fan; 21. Side frame; 22. Flexible tube; 23. Adjusting end; 24. Air cavity; 25. Air outlet slot; 26. Bearing end; 27. Branch; 28. Blade; 29. ​​Water-sensitive test paper; 30. Miniature weight sensor; 31. Adjusting strip; 32. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to relevant descriptions. Several embodiments of the invention are provided. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0021] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , 2 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, A test system for simulating the effect of pesticide spraying by drones, including a base 1, an experimental barrel 2, a rotating lifting adjustment component, a simulated plant component, a simulated wind component, a wind force testing component, and a ventilation structure; The base 1 provides a stable support for the entire system. An experimental barrel 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper surface of the base 1. The experimental barrel 2 is a hollow barrel-shaped structure. Its interior forms a closed or semi-closed test space that is relatively isolated from the external environment. This is used to eliminate interference from uncontrollable airflow from the outside and ensure the consistency of test conditions.

[0024] A rotary lifting adjustment assembly is provided on one side of the experimental barrel 2 to simulate the spatial posture of the drone during operation. The assembly includes a mounting base 3 fixed to the ground, a rotary motor 4 installed inside the mounting base 3, the output shaft of the rotary motor 4 pointing vertically upward and connected to the bottom of the electric lifting rod 5. A horizontally extending mounting cantilever 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the electric lifting rod 5, and a drone loading platform is provided at the end of the mounting cantilever 6. The platform includes a loading tray 7 with multiple protrusions on the edge of the loading tray 7. Each protrusion has a mounting bracket 8 for attaching the drone module. By controlling the rotary motor 4 and the electric lifting rod 5, the horizontal angle and vertical height of the drone module in the experimental space inside the experimental barrel 2 can be precisely adjusted to simulate its hovering or flight along a preset path.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 , 23, 4, 5, 6, 7. At the lower end of the experimental space inside experimental barrel 2, several simulated plant components are arranged. These components can simulate different plant morphologies, from low-growing crops to medium-tall crops, according to experimental needs. Each low-growing crop includes a support end 27 at the bottom and branches 28 erected on the support end 27. Several leaf and branch components for simulating leaves are assembled on the sides of the branches 28. To directly and accurately measure the amount of pesticide deposited, a series connection is set between the lower end of the branches 28 and the support end 27. The miniature weight sensor 31 is used to measure the cumulative weight of the sprayed droplets from the drone as they adhere to the surface of the leaves and branches 28. This reading is reflected in real time, thus obtaining the total mass of the pesticide solution deposited on the simulated plant. Furthermore, the leaves can be specifically defined as leaf pieces 29, and standard water-sensitive test paper 30 can be attached to their surface. After the experiment, by analyzing the color change of the water-sensitive test paper 30, the coverage density and distribution uniformity of the droplets can be obtained as image data, which, together with the weight data, forms a multi-dimensional effect evaluation.

[0026] To simulate the effect of natural wind on spraying, a simulated wind assembly is installed on the outside of the experimental tank 2. This assembly includes a ring pipe 9 arranged around the experimental tank 2. The ring pipe 9 has an air chamber 24 inside and is connected to an external power source through a connecting end 10. At least two air ducts are connected to the ring pipe 9 through multiple flexible pipes 22. Each air duct includes a built-in blower 25 and an outer side frame 21. The blower 25 has an adjustment end 23 at the upper end for changing the air outlet angle. The side frame 21 has an air outlet slot 26 on its side as the final air outlet. By independently controlling the start and stop of each air duct and the angle of the adjustment end 23, simulated wind of different directions and intensities can be delivered into the experimental tank 2.

[0027] To accurately monitor and control the wind field environment within the test space, a wind force testing component is installed on the inner wall of the test barrel 2. This component includes multiple vertically fixed fixing bars 16, each with multiple mounting holes 17. By inserting a bracket 18 with a miniature anemometer 19 installed into the mounting holes 17 at different heights, a three-dimensional wind speed monitoring array can be formed within the test space. These miniature anemometers 19 can provide real-time feedback of wind speed and direction data at various points, which is used to calibrate the simulated wind component and record precise wind environment parameters during the test.

[0028] To ensure smooth airflow and prevent interference from reflected eddies, the sides of the experimental barrel 2 are provided with strip-shaped slots 14 serving as the main air outlet and air holes 15 for auxiliary ventilation, while multiple slots 11 are arrayed around the bottom. These ventilation structures together form a low-resistance airflow channel, allowing the simulated wind to smoothly pass through the test space in a manner close to the flow of real air.

[0029] Before the experiment, the corresponding simulated plant components were assembled according to the target crop morphology and placed in the experimental barrel 2. The drone module to be tested was mounted on the mounting piece 8. During the experiment, the drone was first positioned at the preset height and angle by rotating the lifting adjustment component. Then, the simulated wind component was activated, and the wind field in the experimental barrel 2 was adjusted to the predetermined state according to the feedback of the miniature anemometer 19. Then, the drone module was triggered to carry out the spraying operation. During the spraying process, droplets are carried by simulated wind to fly towards and deposit on simulated plant components. After spraying, data from each micro weight sensor 31 and images from water-sensitive test strips 30 on each leaf component 29 are collected simultaneously. Combined with the recorded wind field data and UAV pose data, quantitative evaluation reports on indicators such as pesticide deposition, canopy coverage uniformity, and droplet penetration can be generated through background processing software. By changing wind field conditions, UAV parameters, or plant morphology, a series of comparative experiments can be conducted to systematically analyze the influence of various variables on the spraying effect. Example

[0030] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the simulated crop is a medium-to-tall crop, characterized by a plant height that is significantly higher than that of short crops.

[0031] In this embodiment, the overall structural dimensions of the medium-to-tall crop are increased compared to that of the short-stature crop. The branches and trunks are made of higher-strength materials, and their height is adjusted according to the target crop. In the vertical direction of the branches and trunks, multiple leaf pieces are connected at different heights to simulate the leaf canopy distribution of the crop at different heights. Each leaf piece is covered with a water-sensitive test strip. A weight sensor is installed between the branch and the base support end to obtain the total mass of the liquid medicine deposited on the simulated plant. Example

[0032] This embodiment further optimizes the system based on Embodiment 1 to enhance the simulation capability of the downwash airflow of the UAV.

[0033] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 1 integrates an upward airflow generation system. Specifically, a bottom groove 12 is opened on the lower surface of the base 1, and a turbine fan 20 is installed in the groove as an air outlet device. The bottom groove 12 is closed by a sealing plate 13. On the upper surface of the base 1, corresponding to the area inside the experimental barrel 2, several strip grooves 14 connected to the bottom groove 12 are opened to form an upward air outlet channel. In each strip groove 14, multiple independently deflectable adjustment bars 32 are installed through a rotating shaft to form an airflow adjustment component.

[0034] During the experiment, in addition to activating the lateral simulated wind component to simulate natural wind, the turbine fan 20 can also be activated simultaneously. The airflow generated by the turbine fan 20 is blown upward through the strip groove 14. By adjusting the deflection angle of each adjustment strip 32, airflow with different intensities and directions from below the crop canopy can be simulated. This airflow is specifically used to simulate the impact and disturbance of the downwash airflow generated by the rotor of the drone on the crop canopy when the drone is operating at low altitude. This design enables the experimental environment to simultaneously reproduce the effects of the two key environmental factors: natural wind and drone downwash airflow.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include: A base (1) and an experimental barrel (2) disposed on one side of the upper surface of the base (1), wherein an experimental space is formed inside the experimental barrel (2); A rotating and lifting adjustment component is provided on one side of the experimental barrel (2), and the upper end of the rotating and lifting adjustment component is connected to a drone loading platform. A drone module is installed on the drone loading platform. The drone module follows the movement of the rotating and lifting adjustment component to adjust to the height specified in the test to simulate spraying operations. Several simulated plant components are arranged at the lower end of the test space inside the experimental barrel (2) to receive water mist sprayed by the UAV module; A simulated wind component is set on the outer side of the experimental barrel (2) to simulate wind environments in different directions; A wind force testing component is set on the inner side of the experimental barrel (2) to detect the wind force and direction of the simulated wind. A ventilation structure is provided on the outside of the experimental barrel (2) to allow wind to pass through and to prevent wind rebound when the simulated wind assembly is working.

2. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated plant components are configured as either low-growing or medium-to-tall simulated crops as required by the experiment.

3. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low-growing simulated crop includes a bearing end (27), and several branches and leaves are provided on the side of the branch (28). The upper end of the bearing end (27) is connected to the branch (28), and the lower end of the branch (28) is connected to a miniature weight sensor (31). The weight of the sprayed liquid sprayed onto the branches and leaves and the branch (28) is detected by the miniature weight sensor (31).

4. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The branch and leaf component includes a leaf component (29) fixedly connected to the side of the branch (28), and the surface of the leaf component (29) is provided with water-sensitive test paper (30).

5. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The rotation and lifting adjustment assembly includes a mounting base (3), a rotary motor (4) is installed inside the mounting base (3), an electric lifting rod (5) is connected to the output end of the rotary motor (4), and an installation cantilever (6) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric lifting rod (5). A drone loading platform is connected through the installation cantilever (6). The drone loading platform includes a loading disk (7) fixedly connected to the end of the mounting cantilever (6), and the loading disk (7) has protrusions on its four sides, with a hanger (8) fixedly connected below each protrusion.

6. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulated wind assembly includes a ring pipe (9) and at least two air duct fittings that mate with the ring pipe (9). The ring pipe (9) has an air cavity (24) inside and a connecting end (10) on one side. The air duct includes a set of air blowers (25). The upper end of the air blower (25) is connected to the ring pipe (9) through a flexible pipe (22). A side frame (21) is provided on the outside of the air blower (25). An adjustment end (23) is fixedly connected to the upper end of each air blower (25), and the adjustment end (23) extends through to the upper end of the side frame (21). An air outlet groove (26) is opened on the side of each side frame (21) along its length direction.

7. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wind test assembly includes at least two fixing strips (16) that are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test barrel (2), and each fixing strip (16) has at least two mounting holes (17) on its side. A bracket (18) is connected inside the mounting hole (17), and a miniature anemometer (19) is installed on the bracket (18).

8. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (1) is equipped with an air outlet device, and an air outlet channel is provided between the air outlet device and the interior of the experimental barrel (2). The air outlet channel is equipped with a wind direction adjustment component.

9. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base (1) has a bottom groove (12) on its lower surface. The air outlet device is a turbine fan (20) installed inside the bottom groove (12). The bottom end of the bottom groove (12) is fitted with a sealing plate (13). The air outlet channel is a number of strip grooves (14) opened between the upper surface of the base (1) and the bottom groove (12). The air direction adjustment component is set inside the strip grooves (14) and includes at least two adjustment bars (32). The adjustment bars (32) are rotatably set inside the strip grooves (14).

10. The experimental system for simulating the pesticide spraying effect of unmanned aerial vehicles according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6-9, characterized in that: The ventilation structure includes several strip grooves (14), several air holes (15), and several slots (11); Several slots (11) are arranged in a circular array at the bottom of the experimental barrel (2), and several strip grooves (14) and several air holes (15) are arranged at intervals on the side of the experimental barrel (2).

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