Low-temperature-collision-resistant and excellent-rigidity post-consumption-recovery ABS composite material and preparation method thereof
By combining post-consumer recycled ABS resin with polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller, a composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity was prepared, which solved the problems of brittleness and rigidity reduction of post-consumer recycled ABS material under low temperature conditions, and realized high-performance application in cold environment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN GUOHENG PLASTIC TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Post-consumer recycled ABS materials become more brittle, have reduced impact resistance, and decreased rigidity at low temperatures, limiting their application in outdoor products in cold regions and automotive components operating in low-temperature conditions.
Using post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller as raw materials, a composite material with complementary functions is formed through premixing, melt blending and extrusion processes to improve low-temperature toughness and rigidity.
A post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity was prepared to meet the high rigidity and high toughness requirements of automotive interiors and electronic product shells, and it has excellent low-temperature impact resistance and stability.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of polymer plastic recycling technology, and in particular to a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity, and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] With increasing environmental awareness, plastic recycling has become an important way to solve plastic pollution and conserve resources. Among them, ABS resin, as a widely used engineering plastic, has seen its post-consumer recycled materials become increasingly widely used in various industrial fields such as automotive interiors and electronic product casings due to its cost advantages and environmental protection properties.
[0003] Currently, the processing technologies for post-consumer recycled ABS materials mainly include three branches: mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and biodegradation. Among them, mechanical recycling has become the mainstream method due to its simplicity and low cost. However, during the recycling process, the molecular chains of post-consumer recycled ABS materials are prone to breakage, leading to damage to their mechanical properties. Especially under low-temperature conditions, the material's brittleness increases significantly, and its impact resistance decreases sharply. In extremely cold environments, it is even prone to brittle fracture, severely limiting its application in critical areas such as outdoor products in cold regions and automotive components operating in low-temperature conditions. Furthermore, after multiple recycling cycles, the rigidity of ABS materials gradually decreases, affecting the stability and service life of its product structure and narrowing its application range. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To at least overcome one of the problems existing in the prior art, one objective of this invention is to provide a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with excellent low-temperature impact resistance and rigidity. This post-consumer recycled ABS composite material uses post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer, and nanofiller as raw materials. The resulting post-consumer recycled ABS composite material possesses excellent rigidity, toughness, and low-temperature impact resistance, and exhibits strong stability, meeting the stringent requirements of automotive interiors, electronic product casings, and other applications for post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials. A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with excellent low-temperature impact resistance and rigidity.
[0005] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impact and has excellent rigidity, the raw material components of which include: post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller.
[0006] In the raw material components of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with excellent low-temperature impact resistance and rigidity, the post-consumer recycled ABS resin is used as the matrix, forming a functional complementarity with components such as polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer, and nanofiller. The polycarbonate resin provides a rigid skeleton structure, the elastomer toughening agent improves the low-temperature toughness of the composite material, which is beneficial to improving the low-temperature impact resistance of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material, the compatibilizer increases the interfacial compatibility of each component, and the nanofiller acts as a reinforcing agent and improves the dispersion uniformity. Through the synergistic effect of each component, the technical contradiction of the difficulty in simultaneously improving the low-temperature toughness and rigidity of post-consumer recycled ABS materials is specifically solved, meeting the comprehensive requirements of automotive interiors, electronic product shells, etc. for post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials such as low cost, high rigidity, high toughness, and low-temperature impact resistance.
[0007] Preferably, the post-consumer recycled ABS resin is recycled granules of post-consumer recycled ABS products that have undergone vacuum melting and filtration treatment, and its preparation method includes the following steps: The post-consumer recycled ABS products are sorted, cleaned, and crushed to obtain fragments; the fragments are then melted under a vacuum of ≥-0.09MPa and a temperature of 190~230℃, and then filtered and granulated to obtain the post-consumer recycled ABS resin.
[0008] Under a vacuum of ≥-0.09MPa and a melting temperature of 190~230℃, it can effectively remove harmful substances with low boiling points and low molecular weights, improving the purity of post-consumer recycled ABS resin. This lays a good foundation for obtaining high-rigidity post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials when it is used as a matrix for melt blending with other raw material components. The filtration process removes gel particles and other infusible impurities, thereby reducing the low-temperature brittleness caused by stress concentration in the subsequently formed post-consumer recycled ABS composite material. This helps to improve the low-temperature impact resistance of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material.
[0009] Preferably, the polycarbonate resin is selected from at least one of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer. More preferably, the polycarbonate resin is a compound of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer. Even more preferably, in the compound of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer, the mass ratio of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer is (1~3):(2~8).
[0010] Preferably, the melt flow rate of the bisphenol A polycarbonate at 300°C / 1.2kg is 8~18 g / 10min. More preferably, the melt flow rate of the bisphenol A polycarbonate at 300°C / 1.2kg is 10~18 g / 10min. Even more preferably, the melt flow rate of the bisphenol A polycarbonate at 300°C / 1.2kg is 13~18 g / 10min.
[0011] Preferably, the polycarbonate copolymer is selected from polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymers. More preferably, the polysiloxane segment content in the polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer is 8% to 15% by mass. Even more preferably, the polysiloxane segment content in the polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer is 10% to 15% by mass.
[0012] Bisphenol A type polycarbonate is low in cost and its benzene ring structure in its molecular chain is relatively stable, which can provide a relatively stable rigid skeleton for composite materials. Meanwhile, polycarbonate copolymers have low-temperature toughness and good interfacial compatibility. The compound composed of the two in a specific ratio avoids the potential deficiencies of using bisphenol A type polycarbonate alone in terms of low-temperature toughness and interfacial compatibility, and also makes up for the problem of excessive cost that may result from using polycarbonate copolymers alone.
[0013] By controlling the melt flow rate of bisphenol A polycarbonate at 300℃ / 1.2kg to be maintained within the range of 8~18g / 10min, it is ensured that when bisphenol A polycarbonate is melt-blended with other components, the phases can be fully mixed and uniformly dispersed, avoiding uneven dispersion or phase separation caused by excessive flowability differences.
[0014] Polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymers possess both the rigid skeleton of polycarbonate and the flexible segments of polysiloxane. The polysiloxane segments are beneficial for improving the low-temperature toughness of the composite material. Controlling the mass content of siloxane in the polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer to 8%~15% helps maintain the rigidity balance and improve the impact resistance of the composite material at low temperatures.
[0015] Preferably, the elastomer toughening agent is selected from at least one of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene / styrene block copolymer. More preferably, the elastomer toughening agent is selected from at least one of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene / styrene block copolymer.
[0016] Preferably, the compatibilizer is selected from at least one of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene core-shell copolymer, and acrylate copolymers. More preferably, the compatibilizer is selected from at least one of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and acrylate copolymers.
[0017] Preferably, the nanofiller is selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nano-silica. More preferably, the nanofiller includes carbon nanotubes and graphene. Even more preferably, in the nanofiller, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene is (2~4):(1.5~2.2), the average outer diameter of the carbon nanotubes is 10~20 nm, and the length is 10~30 μm; the average number of graphene layers is ≤10, and the sheet diameter is 2~50 μm.
[0018] In the above technical solution, the elastomer toughening agent is a styrene block copolymer with specific hard and soft segment structures, possessing excellent low-temperature elasticity, compatibility, and aging resistance, which is beneficial for providing a stable low-temperature toughening effect for the composite material. The compatibilizer helps to strengthen the adhesion between multiphase interfaces, improve the compatibility of the blended components, and avoid performance failure caused by interfacial delamination. The nanofiller works synergistically with the compatibilizer to prevent agglomeration within the material, thereby maintaining the performance uniformity of the composite material.
[0019] Preferably, in the raw materials of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impact and has excellent rigidity, the weight ratio of post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin and elastomer toughening agent is (65-85): (18-23): (4-9).
[0020] Preferably, in the raw materials of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impact and has excellent rigidity, the weight ratio of post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent and compatibilizer is (65-85): (18-23): (4-9): (0.5-3.7).
[0021] Preferably, in the raw materials of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impact and has excellent rigidity, the weight ratio of post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller is (65-85): (18-23): (4-9): (0.5-3.7): (0.1-2).
[0022] In the above technical solution, 65-85 parts by weight of post-consumer recycled ABS resin constitutes the largest proportion of the raw material components, ensuring a high recycling rate of waste plastics and providing stable matrix support for other components, avoiding performance defects caused by an excessively high proportion of post-consumer recycled ABS resin; 18-23 parts by weight of polycarbonate resin constructs a continuous or semi-continuous rigid skeleton structure; 4-9 parts by weight of elastomer toughening agent helps the composite material maintain good low-temperature toughness, thereby achieving excellent low-temperature impact resistance; 0.5-3.7 parts by weight of compatibilizer precisely meets the compatibility requirements of each component, avoiding insufficient compatibility due to too little dosage or affecting the overall performance of the composite material due to too much dosage; 0.1-2 parts by weight of nanofiller can exert a nano-effect without agglomeration, playing a role in strengthening the rigidity and toughness of the composite material. In summary, the synergistic effect among the components ultimately results in the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material of this application, which exhibits excellent rigidity, toughness, and low-temperature impact resistance, as well as good aging resistance.
[0023] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps: S1. Premixing: Mixing each raw material component to obtain a premix; S2. Melt blending and extrusion: The premixed material is melt blended, extruded, cooled, and pelletized to obtain the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impacts and has excellent rigidity.
[0024] Preferably, in step S1, the mixing temperature is 40-60°C, the mixing speed is 800-1200 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-6 minutes. More preferably, in step S1, the mixing temperature is 45-60°C, the mixing speed is 900-1200 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-6 minutes. Even more preferably, in step S1, the mixing temperature is 50-60°C, the mixing speed is 1000-1200 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-6 minutes.
[0025] Preferably, in step S2, the temperature from the feed port to the die head during the extrusion process is 200~240℃, and the rotation speed is 25~40 rpm. More preferably, in step S2, the temperature from the feed port to the die head during the extrusion process is 210~240℃, and the rotation speed is 25~40 rpm. Even more preferably, in step S2, the temperature from the feed port to the die head during the extrusion process is 210~240℃, and the rotation speed is 30~40 rpm.
[0026] In this preparation method, through premixing, melt blending, and extrusion, in step S1, mixing at 40~60℃ can moderately improve the flowability of the compatibilizer and elastomer toughening agent, promoting their uniform coating on the surface of post-consumer recycled ABS resin particles, while preventing the post-consumer recycled ABS resin from softening and sticking together. This ensures that the various solid raw materials can achieve macroscopic uniform distribution before entering the high-temperature melting in step S2, laying a good foundation for melt blending. In step S2, at a temperature of 200~240℃, the post-consumer recycled ABS resin and polycarbonate resin can be fully melted and plasticized, avoiding excessively high temperatures that would cause the post-consumer recycled ABS resin and polycarbonate resin to decompose and generate bubbles, or excessively low temperatures that would cause uneven dispersion of components, affecting melt plasticization. At the same time, controlling the rotation speed at 25~40 rpm provides sufficient shear force to ensure the uniform dispersion of nanofillers and elastomer toughening agents, while effectively controlling the temperature rise of the melt, preventing secondary degradation of the post-consumer recycled ABS resin due to excessively high local temperatures. The preparation method is simple and interconnected, resulting in post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials with excellent rigidity, toughness, low-temperature impact resistance, and aging resistance.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1) The raw material components of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity of this application include post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller. Through the reasonable proportion of each raw material component, especially the special treatment of post-consumer recycled ABS resin and the specific composition of polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, etc., the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity has excellent rigidity, toughness and low-temperature impact resistance.
[0028] 2) In the preparation method of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity of this application, the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material of this application is obtained by premixing, melt blending and extrusion, and the preparation conditions of each step are strictly controlled in the preparation process. This preparation method effectively improves the rigidity, low-temperature impact resistance and overall stability of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, comparative examples and tables, but is not limited to all the discussions and data.
[0030] The raw material components of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material, which exhibits low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity, include: bisphenol A type polycarbonate (PC 2405) from Covestro, Germany, with a melt flow rate of 10 g / 10 min at 300°C / 1.2 kg; polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer (Makrolon® EXL2614) from Covestro, Germany, with a polysiloxane segment content of 9% ± 1%; styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (YH-1201) from Baling Branch of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, with a styrene content of 15% ± 2%; and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (Modiper® A4400) from NOF Corporation, Japan, with a grafting rate of 1.2% and a melt flow rate of 15 g / 10 min at 220°C / 10 kg. g / 10min; the carbon nanotubes are from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd., model XFM13, with an average outer diameter of 10~20nm and a length of 10~30μm; the graphene is from Jiangsu Xianfeng Graphene Technology Co., Ltd., model GE03 7440-44-0, with an average number of 5~10 layers and a sheet diameter of 10~50μm.
[0031] The preparation method of post-consumer recycled ABS resin is as follows: Post-consumer recycled ABS products are sorted to remove non-ABS products, and then washed and crushed into flakes of about 10mm×10mm. The flakes are dried at 110℃ for 6 hours and then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperatures are set as follows: Zone 1 200℃, Zone 2 215℃, Zone 3 220℃, Zone 4 225℃, Zone 5 220℃, and the die head 215℃. The screw speed is set to 150 rpm, and the vacuum pump is turned on in Zone 4 to maintain a vacuum of -0.095MPa for melt devolatilization. Then, the resin is passed through an automatic screen changer equipped with a 120-mesh main filter, water-cooled, pelletized, and dried at 85℃ for 3 hours to obtain post-consumer recycled ABS resin.
[0032] "Approximately" indicates a range that can fluctuate within 2 units.
[0033] It is particularly important to emphasize that, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in this invention can be obtained from conventional commercial sources.
[0034] Examples of post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials that are resistant to low-temperature impacts and exhibit excellent rigidity: A post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is prepared by the following steps: S1. Premixing: Mix 650-850g of post-consumption recycled ABS resin, 180-230g of polycarbonate resin, 40-90g of elastomer toughening agent, 5-37g of compatibilizer, and 1-20g of nanofiller at a temperature of 40-60℃ and a speed of 800-1200rpm for 3-6 minutes to obtain a premix. S2. Melt blending and extrusion: The premixed material is fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion. The gradient temperature from the feed port to the die head is set to 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, and 225℃. The die head temperature is 220℃, and the screw speed is controlled at 25~40 rpm. After the melt is extruded through the die head, it is cooled and pelletized to obtain a post-consumer recyclable ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impacts and has excellent rigidity.
[0035] Regarding step S1, in some specific embodiments, the polycarbonate resin may be selected from at least one of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymers. The polycarbonate resin may be a compound of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymers with a mass ratio of 1:2, 2:7, 3:8, 1:5, or 1:8, wherein the melt flow rate of the bisphenol A type polycarbonate at 300°C / 1.2 kg may be 8 g / 10 min, 10 g / 10 min, 13 g / 10 min, or 18 g / 10 min; the polycarbonate copolymer may be selected from polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymers, and the mass content of polysiloxane segments in the polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer may be 8%, 10%, 12%, or 15%. The elastomer toughening agent may be selected from at least one of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers, and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene / styrene block copolymers. The compatibilizer may be selected from at least one of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene core-shell copolymer, and acrylate copolymers. The nanofiller may be selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nano-silica. The nanofiller may include carbon nanotubes and the graphene, wherein the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene may be 2:1.5, 2:2, 3:2, 4:2, or 4:1.5; the average outer diameter of the carbon nanotubes may be 10 nm, 15 nm, or 20 nm, and the length may be 10 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, or 30 μm; the average number of graphene layers may be 10, 8, 5, or 2, and the sheet diameter may be 2 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, or 50 μm. The amount of post-consumer recycled ABS resin can be 650g, 700g, 800g, or 850g; the amount of polycarbonate resin can be 180g, 200g, 210g, or 230g; the amount of elastomer toughening agent can be 40g, 50g, 60g, 70g, or 90g; the amount of compatibilizer can be 5g, 10g, 15g, 25g, or 37g; and the amount of nanofiller can be 1g, 5g, 12g, 18g, or 20g. The mixing temperature can be 40℃, 45℃, 55℃, or 60℃; the mixing speed can be 800rpm, 900rpm, 1100rpm, or 1200rpm; and the mixing time can be 3min, 4min, or 6min.
[0036] For step S2, in some specific implementations, the screw speed is controlled at 25 rpm, 30 rpm, 35 rpm or 40 rpm. Example 1
[0037] A post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is prepared by the following steps: S1. Premix: 700g of post-consumption recycled ABS resin, 200g of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer compound in a mass ratio of 1:2, 60g of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, 20g of glycidyl methacrylate grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and 10g of carbon nanotubes and graphene in a mass ratio of 2:1.5 are mixed at 55℃ and 900rpm for 5min to obtain the premix. S2. Melt blending and extrusion: The premixed material is fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion. The gradient temperature from the feed port to the die head is set to 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, and 225℃. The die head temperature is 220℃, and the screw speed is controlled at 30 rpm. After the melt is extruded through the die head, it is cooled and pelletized to obtain a post-consumer recyclable ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impacts and has excellent rigidity. Example 2
[0038] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 2, the mass ratio of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer is 2:7. Example 3
[0039] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 3, the mass ratio of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer is 1:8. Example 4
[0040] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 4, the amount of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer is changed to 45g. Example 5
[0041] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 5, the amount of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer is changed to 90g. Example 6
[0042] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 6, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene is 3:2. Example 7
[0043] The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Example 7, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene is 4:2.
[0044] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as that in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer in Comparative Example 1 is 4:3.
[0045] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that the amount of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer in Comparative Example 2 is changed to 35g.
[0046] Comparative Example 3: The preparation method of a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity is the same as in Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 3, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene is 5:2.
[0047] Material performance testing: The post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to various performance tests, and the test methods are as follows: 1. Tensile strength and elongation at break: tested according to ASTM D638.
[0048] 2. Bending strength and bending modulus: tested according to ASTM D790.
[0049] 3. Notched impact strength: Tested according to ASTM D256.
[0050] 4. Heat distortion temperature: Tested according to ASTM D648.
[0051] The test properties of the low-temperature impact resistant and rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1 below:
[0052] The low-temperature impact resistant and rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials in Examples 1-7 are prepared using raw material components such as post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer, and nanofiller. In particular, the special treatment of the post-consumer recycled ABS resin and the specific composition or ratio of polycarbonate resin and elastomer toughening agent result in post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials with excellent rigidity, toughness, and low-temperature impact resistance. Their flexural modulus is ≥2.16GPa, and their notched impact strength at -30℃ is ≥20.4kJ / m2, which can meet the stringent requirements of automotive interiors, electronic product shells, and other applications for post-consumer recycled ABS composite materials.
[0053] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 differs in that the mass ratio of bisphenol A polycarbonate and polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer in Comparative Example 1 is 4:3, which is not within the range defined in this application. The results show that the flexural strength of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material in Comparative Example 1 is 84.2 MPa, with slightly higher rigidity, but the notched impact strength at 23°C is only 19.7 kJ / m², and the notched impact strength at -30°C decreases to 8.7 kJ / m². This may be because the proportion of bisphenol A polycarbonate in the polycarbonate resin is too high. Although it can provide strong rigidity support for the material, the polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer is relatively insufficient, resulting in a significant weakening of the low-temperature toughness improvement effect of the composite system on the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of both on improving the material interface compatibility decreases. The molecular chain defects caused by historical processing damage in the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material cannot be effectively repaired, and the molecular chain movement is more significantly hindered at low temperatures, resulting in insufficient impact resistance of the mechanical structure. Therefore, the low-temperature toughness of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material in Comparative Example 1 decreases significantly.
[0054] Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 2 differed in that the amount of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer used was changed to 35g, less than the amount used in this application. The results showed that the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material of Comparative Example 2 lacked toughness, with a notched impact strength of only 21.6 kJ / m² at 23°C and a low-temperature notched impact strength as low as 13.2 kJ / m² at -30°C. Simultaneously, the tensile strength was 53.5 MPa and the flexural strength was 78.9 MPa. This may be because the amount of elastomer toughening agent was too low, failing to form an effective toughening network within the material. Consequently, the toughening effect of the elastomer toughening agent in the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material could not be fully utilized, failing to compensate for the inherent toughness defects of the post-consumer recycled ABS resin matrix.
[0055] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 3 differs in that the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to graphene is 5:2, which is outside the range defined in this application. The results show that although the flexural modulus of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material in Comparative Example 3 is close to that of Example 1, its toughness is significantly reduced. The notched impact strength at 23°C is only 23.3 kJ / m², and the low-temperature notched impact strength at -30°C drops to 16.4 kJ / m². This may be because the proportion of carbon nanotubes in the nanofiller system is too high. Excessive carbon nanotubes are prone to agglomeration within the material, disrupting the tight packing of molecular chains and stress transfer efficiency of the material matrix. Simultaneously, the microscopic defects formed by the agglomerates become stress concentration points, exacerbating crack propagation during impact, thus leading to a significant decline in the toughness of the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material.
[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. Any obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity, characterized in that, Its raw material components include: post-consumer recycled ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, elastomer toughening agent, compatibilizer and nanofiller.
2. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The post-consumer recycled ABS resin is recycled granules from post-consumer recycled ABS products that have undergone vacuum melting and filtration.
3. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polycarbonate resin is selected from at least one of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer.
4. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The polycarbonate resin is a compound of bisphenol A type polycarbonate and polycarbonate copolymer in a mass ratio of (1~3):(2~8).
5. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastomer toughening agent is selected from at least one of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene / styrene block copolymer.
6. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compatibilizer is selected from at least one of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene core-shell copolymer, and acrylate copolymers. And / or, the nanofiller is selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nano-silica.
7. The low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Its raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 65-85 parts of ABS resin were recycled after consumption. 18-23 parts of polycarbonate resin; 4-9 parts of elastomer toughening agent; Compatibilizer 0.5–3.7 parts; 0.1 to 2 parts of nanofiller.
8. A method for preparing a post-consumer recycled ABS composite material with low-temperature impact resistance and excellent rigidity as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Premixing: Mixing each raw material component to obtain a premix; S2. Melt blending and extrusion: The premixed material is melt blended, extruded, cooled, and pelletized to obtain the post-consumer recycled ABS composite material that is resistant to low-temperature impacts and has excellent rigidity.
9. The method for preparing the low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recyclable ABS composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the mixing temperature is 40~60℃, the mixing speed is 800~1200rpm, and the mixing time is 3~6min.
10. The method for preparing the low-temperature impact-resistant and highly rigid post-consumer recycled ABS composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the temperature from the feed port to the die head during the extrusion process is 200~240℃, and the rotation speed is 25~40 rpm.