Method and device for prolonging service life of photoelectric particle sensor, sensor and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric particle sensors, in particular to a service life prolonging method and device of a photoelectric particle sensor, equipment and a storage medium. Comprising the following steps: setting a current working gear of a target sensor as an initial working gear, and determining an initial reference voltage group of the initial working gear as a current reference voltage group; particle detection is carried out based on the current reference voltage group, and real-time clean voltage is obtained in a preset period; responding to a preset full-amplitude distortion threshold value matched with the real-time clean voltage, switching the current working gear to the next working gear, determining an initial reference voltage group corresponding to the working gear as a current reference voltage group, and continuing particle detection by using the updated current reference voltage group; and repeatedly executing the step of acquiring the real-time clean voltage until all the working gears are traversed, terminating particle detection and outputting a pollution upper limit prompt. According to the invention, through periodic monitoring and linkage of gear switching, the actual service life of the sensor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of photoelectric particle sensors, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for extending the lifespan of photoelectric particle sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Photoelectric particle identification sensors are key devices widely used in fire detection. Their core principle is based on the differences in scattering characteristics produced by particles of different sizes under specific wavelengths of light. An optical receiver collects the signals, and software algorithms are used to effectively distinguish between real fire particles (such as paraffin wax, cotton rope, polyurethane, or wood combustion products) and non-fire-related interference (such as dust and water mist). These sensors typically consist of an optical chamber, a light source, an optical receiver, a signal amplification circuit, and an embedded identification algorithm, relying on high-fidelity photoelectric signal output to ensure accurate identification.

[0003] In existing technologies, photoelectric particle recognition sensors generally employ fixed-gain operational amplifier (Op-Amp) circuits to amplify the weak current signal output by the photosensitive element. Specifically, the photosensitive receiver tube generates a photocurrent (including dark current Idark and illumination current Ios1) after receiving scattered light. This current is converted into a voltage signal by a transimpedance amplification structure composed of an operational amplifier and a feedback resistor. After a second stage of voltage amplification, it is sent to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for algorithm processing.

[0004] However, the entire signal chain is designed based on the premise that the operational amplifier operates in the linear region, and the output signal does not saturate or become distorted, thus ensuring that the voltage parameters upon which the particle recognition algorithm relies have physical meaning and comparability. Specifically, during long-term operation, the sensor is inevitably affected by ambient light leakage or dust accumulation inside the cavity, causing the reference photoelectric signal to gradually rise. When actual smoke particles enter, the superimposed output voltage can easily approach or even exceed the power rail, causing full-scale saturation of the operational amplifier output. Once such distortion occurs, the dynamic information of the original photoelectric signal is truncated, the particle recognition algorithm fails due to the distortion of the input data, and the system can only report a fault and terminate operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor. By periodically monitoring and linking gear switching, the occurrence of full-width distortion is delayed, thereby extending the actual usable lifespan of the sensor.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for extending the lifetime of a photoelectric particle sensor, applied to a target sensor, the target sensor being provided with multiple operating positions; the method includes: Set the current operating position of the target sensor to the initial operating position, and determine the initial reference voltage group of the initial operating position as the current reference voltage group; Particle detection is performed based on the current reference voltage set, and real-time clean voltage is obtained at a preset cycle. In response to the real-time clean voltage matching preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the current working position is switched to the next working position, and the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working position is determined as the current reference voltage group, and particle detection is continued with the updated current reference voltage group. Repeat the steps to obtain the real-time clean voltage until all working positions have been traversed, then terminate particle detection and output a pollution upper limit prompt.

[0007] Optionally, before the step of determining the initial reference voltage group of the initial operating position as the current reference voltage group, the method further includes: Under the first light source wavelength, the first clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the first sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained. Under the second light source wavelength, the second clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the second sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained; The first clean voltage, the first sample voltage, the second clean voltage, and the second sample voltage at the same working position are integrated to obtain the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position.

[0008] Optionally, after the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage at a preset period, the method further includes: Based on the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position, determine the position mapping relationship of the output voltage under the same working conditions between different working positions, and the response increment relationship between the clean voltage and the sample voltage under the same working position; Based on the real-time clean voltage, the gear mapping relationship, and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the real-time clean voltage at each working gear is calculated to update the current reference voltage group corresponding to each working gear.

[0009] Optionally, prior to the step of responding to the real-time clean voltage matching a preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the method further includes: Based on the real-time clean voltage and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the current working position is calculated; The real-time sample voltage is compared with the full-amplitude distortion threshold. If the real-time sample voltage reaches the full-amplitude distortion threshold, then the real-time clean voltage is determined to match the full-amplitude distortion threshold.

[0010] Optionally, the step of particle detection based on the current reference voltage set includes: The current identification function is determined based on the current reference voltage set; Obtain the real-time output voltage of the target sensor in the current environment at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources, respectively; The real-time output voltage and the current reference voltage group are input together into the current identification function to calculate the particle identification degree.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides a device for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor, applied to a target sensor, wherein the target sensor is provided with multiple operating positions; including: An initial gear module is used to set the current working gear of the target sensor to the initial working gear and determine the initial reference voltage group of the initial working gear as the current reference voltage group. The periodic detection module is used to perform particle detection based on the current reference voltage group and obtain the real-time clean voltage at a preset period. The gear adjustment module is used to switch the current working gear to the next working gear in response to the real-time clean voltage matching preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, and to determine the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working gear as the current reference voltage group, so as to continue particle detection with the updated current reference voltage group. The contamination alert module is used to repeatedly execute the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage until all working positions have been traversed, then terminate particle detection and output a contamination upper limit alert.

[0012] Thirdly, this application provides a photoelectric particle sensor, including: a power supply filtering module, a first amplification module, and a second amplification module; The input terminal of the power filtering module is connected to an external signal source, and the output terminal of the power filtering module is connected to the first input terminal of the first amplification module, the first input terminal of the second amplification module, and the second input terminal of the second amplification module, in order to provide a stable reference voltage. A photosensitive receiving tube is connected in parallel between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the first amplification module. The output terminal of the first amplification module is connected to the first input terminal of the second amplification module, which is used to amplify the sensor current received by the photosensitive receiving tube and output a preliminary amplified voltage. An adjustable resistor is connected in parallel between the second input terminal and the output terminal of the second amplification module. The resistor is used to determine the corresponding operating range by changing the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and to output the preliminary amplified voltage as the sampling voltage according to the current operating range.

[0013] Optionally, the power filtering module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor; the first amplification module includes a third resistor, a first amplifier, a fourth resistor, and a second capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the external signal source, the other end of the first resistor forms a reference voltage point and is connected to one end of the second resistor and one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the first capacitor are grounded; One end of the third resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is also connected to the first terminal of the photosensitive receiver, and the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the photosensitive receiver. The fourth resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the first amplifier.

[0014] Optionally, the second amplification module includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second amplifier, a seventh resistor, and a third capacitor; the seventh resistor is the adjustable resistor. One end of the fifth resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier; One end of the sixth resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier. The output terminal of the second amplifier is the voltage acquisition point, and the seventh resistor and the third capacitor are connected in parallel to the inverting input terminal and the input terminal of the second amplifier.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed, implement the above-described method.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The target sensor is set to its initial operating position, and the corresponding initial reference voltage set is loaded as the current reference voltage set for signal comparison and judgment in the subsequent particle identification algorithm. Based on this, the system continuously performs particle detection and collects real-time clean voltage at preset intervals. This is the background output level caused by dust or ambient light when no actual fire particles are present. Combined with the voltage relationship between the known cleanliness state and the response of standard particles (such as paraffin) during the calibration phase, the system can estimate the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the presence of typical fire particles in the current environment.

[0017] When the calculated real-time sample voltage reaches or approaches the preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, it indicates that even if no actual smoke event has occurred, once real particles enter the optical chamber, the output signal is highly likely to exceed the linear operating range of the operational amplifier, causing full-amplitude distortion. This truncates the dynamic information of the original photoelectric signal, leading to the failure of the particle recognition algorithm. At this point, the system actively switches the current operating level to the next level, which corresponds to a lower amplification gain, and simultaneously updates the current reference voltage set to the initial reference voltage set under the new level. This ensures that subsequent detection is based on a new reference standard adapted to the current pollution level. Due to the reduced gain, even if the background signal increases, the total output voltage after superimposing the particle response can still remain within the linear range, avoiding saturation.

[0018] As contamination continues to accumulate, the above process can be repeated: periodically acquiring real-time clean voltage, calculating potential sample voltage, determining whether the distortion threshold has been reached, and switching to a lower gain setting if necessary. This mechanism allows the sensor to adaptively adjust its sensitivity under different levels of contamination, ensuring the effectiveness of particle recognition while delaying the time when forced to shut down due to signal distortion. Only when all preset operating settings have been traversed, and even at the lowest gain, the calculated sample voltage still triggers full-amplitude distortion, does the system determine that the sensor has reached the end of its lifespan and output a contamination limit warning.

[0019] Therefore, by periodically monitoring the clean voltage and linking the gear switching strategy, not only is the occurrence of full-amplitude distortion delayed, but an effective signal detection channel is also actively reconstructed before the distortion threshold. This allows the sensor to maintain its functional integrity during long-term use as contamination gradually accumulates, significantly extending its actual usable lifespan. Only when all preset gears can no longer avoid distortion will the sensor finally output a contamination limit warning, achieving orderly exit rather than sudden failure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2This is a virtual structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric particle sensor lifetime extension device provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a module connection diagram of the circuit involved in the photoelectric particle sensor provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the photoelectric particle sensor provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure label: R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; C1, first capacitor; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; U1, first amplifier; C2, second capacitor; R5, fifth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; U4, second amplifier; R7, seventh resistor; C3, third capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure, and resulting technical effects of this application in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, all connections / linkages involved in the patent do not simply refer to direct contact between components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this application can be combined interactively without contradicting each other.

[0024] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates several key steps involved in the method for extending the lifetime of a photoelectric particle sensor, which is applied to a target sensor and has multiple operating positions. These steps are described in detail below: In step S1, the current operating position of the target sensor is set to the initial operating position, and the initial reference voltage group of the initial operating position is determined as the current reference voltage group.

[0025] Among them, the target sensor refers to a photoelectric particle recognition sensor with multi-level gain adjustment capability; the working level refers to the different gain configurations switched by electronic switches in the sensor signal amplification circuit. Each level corresponds to a set of fixed feedback resistor parameters, which determines the amplification factor of the operational amplifier; and the initial working level is the first gain state that is enabled by default after the sensor is powered on or reset, which is usually the highest sensitivity level. Furthermore, the initial reference voltage set refers to a set of reference voltage data collected and stored during the production calibration stage for a specific operating position, under known clean air and standard particle (such as paraffin smoke) conditions, at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources, respectively. It includes the clean voltage and sample voltage at the two wavelengths and is used as the input reference for subsequent particle recognition algorithms. The current reference voltage set refers to a set of reference voltage data used by the sensor at the current operating position for particle recognition calculations, including the clean voltage and sample voltage at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources.

[0026] Specifically, when the target sensor is started, its gain configuration is first set to the initial operating level, which typically provides the highest signal amplification capability to ensure high sensitivity detection of even faint smoke particles. Simultaneously, the system retrieves the initial reference voltage set that strictly corresponds to this initial operating level from the storage unit and loads it as the current reference voltage set.

[0027] It is worth noting that because the operational amplifier's amplification factor differs at different operating levels, the output voltage amplitude generated by the same physical particle also varies at different levels. Therefore, reference data consistent with the current level must be used to ensure the accuracy of the identification function. Step S1 ensures that the sensor can use reference data precisely matched to its gain characteristics at any operating level, avoiding identification deviations or misjudgments caused by inconsistencies between the reference and gain. Especially in multi-level adaptive systems, this strict correspondence between the level and the reference is the foundation for reliable switching and continuous effective identification. If this binding operation is not performed, even if the hardware gain is switched, the reference data of the original level will still be used, leading to input mismatch in the identification function, causing the particle identification calculation result to deviate significantly from the actual situation, and thus losing the ability to distinguish between fire and interference.

[0028] To achieve step S1 above, it is necessary to establish an initial reference voltage set for each operating position of the target sensor during the production calibration stage. Therefore, in this embodiment, before the step of determining the initial reference voltage set of the initial operating position as the current reference voltage set, the method further includes: At the first light source wavelength, the first clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the first sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained.

[0029] And at the second light source wavelength, the second clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the second sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained.

[0030] Among them, the first light source wavelength and the second light source wavelength refer to the light emitted by two light sources with different wavelengths in the sensor, which are usually used to excite particles of different sizes to produce differentiated scattering responses, thereby enhancing the recognition ability; the calibration sample environment refers to the test environment with known concentration and type formed by introducing standard particles (such as paraffin smoke) under controlled conditions. Furthermore, the first clean voltage is the voltage signal output by the sensor in a clean air environment under illumination by the first light source wavelength; the first sample voltage is the voltage signal output by the sensor in a calibration sample environment at the same wavelength; similarly, the second clean voltage and the second sample voltage correspond to the two types of outputs under the second light source wavelength. The above four voltage values ​​together constitute a complete reference dataset under a working setting, namely the initial reference voltage set.

[0031] Furthermore, the first clean voltage, the first sample voltage, the second clean voltage, and the second sample voltage at the same working position are integrated to obtain the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position.

[0032] Specifically, before the target sensor is officially put into use, two sets of baseline voltages need to be collected for each switchable operating mode under two different light source wavelengths: one set from clean air conditions, reflecting the system's background output when there are no target particles; the other set from a standard particle environment, reflecting the signal increment caused by specific types of particles (such as paraffin). Since each operating mode corresponds to a different amplification gain, the output voltage amplitude generated by the same physical scene at different modes is different. Therefore, it is necessary to collect these four sets of voltage data independently for each mode. After the data collection is completed, the first clean voltage, the first sample voltage, the second clean voltage, and the second sample voltage at the same mode are integrated to form the initial reference voltage set corresponding to that operating mode.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, taking the first operating state as an example, during the production stage, the sensor is first placed in clean air at the first light source wavelength (e.g., an 850nm infrared LED), and the output voltage is measured to be 1.2V, recorded as the first clean voltage. Then, a standard paraffin environment is introduced, and the output is measured to be 2.5V, recorded as the first sample voltage. Next, the system switches to the second light source wavelength (e.g., a 470nm blue LED), and 0.9V (the second clean voltage) is measured in the same clean air, while 1.8V (the second sample voltage) is measured in paraffin fumes. These four values ​​(1.2V, 2.5V, 0.9V, and 1.8V) are integrated into the initial reference voltage set for the first state and stored. When the sensor switches from the first state to the second state due to contamination, the system will call another set of four voltage values ​​pre-calibrated for the second state as the new reference.

[0034] In step S2, particle detection is performed based on the current reference voltage group, and the real-time clean voltage is obtained at a preset period.

[0035] Among them, particle detection refers to calculating the particle recognition degree by inputting the real-time acquired sensor output signal and the current reference voltage group into a preset recognition function, thereby determining whether there are target burning particles and their types in the environment; real-time clean voltage refers to the output voltage measured at the first light source wavelength and the second light source wavelength in the current environment (assuming no target particles exist or only background interference) during sensor operation, which reflects the background signal offset state of the current optical system caused by factors such as pollution and aging; preset period is a fixed time interval set by the system (such as every 8 seconds) used for periodic sampling to monitor the sensor status.

[0036] Specifically, during normal operation of the target sensor, the system performs particle detection based on the current reference voltage set. That is, it acquires the sensor output voltage at two wavelengths in the environment in real time, and inputs it together with the current reference voltage set into the recognition function to calculate the particle recognition degree to determine whether a real fire has occurred.

[0037] Meanwhile, the system actively acquires real-time clean voltage at a preset period (e.g., every 8 seconds). This acquisition is typically performed after confirming the absence of effective smoke events or during periods of environmental stability, to monitor the changing trend of the sensor's background signal. Because the accumulation of dust or contaminants on the optical window can cause the output voltage to gradually increase even in clean air, this background drift, if unmonitored, will lead to erroneous amplification of subsequent particle signals and even full-amplitude distortion. Therefore, periodically acquiring real-time clean voltage is essentially a continuous assessment of the sensor's health status, providing a basis for determining whether to switch operating levels.

[0038] More specifically, to ensure that the particle identification process is always based on reference data and matching identification logic consistent with the current hardware gain state, and to avoid misjudgments caused by using the old function after gear switching, this application embodiment proposes that during particle detection, if the current reference voltage group is used, the current identification function should be adjusted accordingly. Specifically, the step of particle detection based on the current reference voltage group includes: The current identification function is determined based on the current reference voltage set.

[0039] The current identification function refers to the mathematical model or algorithm logic constructed or invoked based on the current reference voltage group, used to compare the real-time output signal of the sensor with a reference benchmark, thereby quantifying the type characteristics of particles in the environment. In this embodiment of the application, the current identification function uses four voltage values ​​(first clean voltage, first sample voltage, second clean voltage, and second sample voltage) in the current reference voltage group as parameters to define the response modes of different particles under dual wavelengths.

[0040] Furthermore, the real-time output voltage of the target sensor in the current environment is obtained at the first light source wavelength and the second light source wavelength, respectively.

[0041] Among them, the real-time output voltage refers to the unprocessed raw voltage signal generated by the sensor under the illumination of the first light source wavelength and the second light source wavelength in the current actual environment, reflecting the comprehensive effect of particle scattering light in the current optical cavity.

[0042] Furthermore, the real-time output voltage and the current reference voltage group are input together into the current identification function to calculate the particle identification degree.

[0043] Among them, particle recognition is a numerical value or classification result output by the recognition function, which is used to characterize the similarity between particles in the current environment and standard fire particles (such as combustion products of wood, cotton rope, polyurethane, etc.), thereby supporting the decision on whether to trigger a fire alarm.

[0044] Specifically, during particle detection, the system first determines the current identification function applicable to the current operating range based on the current reference voltage set. Since different operating ranges correspond to different signal gains, the voltage amplitude generated by the same type of particle varies under different ranges. Therefore, the identification function must match the reference data of the current range in order to accurately map the physical particle characteristics.

[0045] Subsequently, the system synchronously acquires the real-time output voltage of the target sensor at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources in the current environment. These two voltage values ​​contain information about the scattering response of the current particles to the two wavelengths of light. Finally, these two real-time output voltages, along with the current reference voltage set, are input into the current identification function. Through preset calculation logic (such as normalized difference, ratio analysis, or multi-dimensional feature matching), a particle identification score is calculated. This score reflects whether the current particle conforms to the optical characteristics of real fire smoke, thus providing a basis for alarm judgment.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, assuming the sensor is currently operating in the second gear, its current reference voltage set is: first clean voltage 1.5V, first sample voltage 2.8V, second clean voltage 1.1V, and second sample voltage 2.0V. The system loads the corresponding current recognition function accordingly, which may internally define the recognition degree A = [( ) / ( )] / [ ) / ( )],in , These are the real-time output voltages at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources, respectively. / The clean voltages are the clean voltages at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources, respectively. / These represent the sample voltages at the first and second light source wavelengths, respectively. When smoke from burning cotton rope is present in the environment, the sensor measures the real-time output voltage as follows: =2.2V (wavelength of the first light source) =1.6V (wavelength of the second light source). Substituting these values ​​into the identification function, we calculate A≈0.78, which falls within the typical range of cotton rope smoke (0.7–0.85), thus determining it to be a real fire.

[0047] The reason it can accurately identify voltages is because the identification function uses a dedicated reference voltage set for the second range. If the reference voltage for the first range is incorrectly used (e.g., ...), the function will fail to identify the voltages. If the voltage is less than 1.2V, the calculation result will deviate significantly and may be misidentified as water mist. Therefore, dynamically determining the identification function based on the current reference voltage set and combining it with real-time dual-wavelength output for calculation is the key to achieving high-precision, interference-resistant particle identification.

[0048] Furthermore, since the drift of the cleanroom voltage synchronously affects the absolute value of the sample voltage, updating only the cleanroom voltage while retaining the original sample voltage will lead to distortion of the response increment, thereby causing misjudgment. Therefore, this application embodiment also proposes a synchronous update method, which, after the step of acquiring the real-time cleanroom voltage at a preset period, further includes: Based on the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position, determine the position mapping relationship of the output voltage under the same working conditions between different working positions, and the response increment relationship between the clean voltage and the sample voltage under the same working position.

[0049] Among them, the gear mapping relationship refers to the mathematical correspondence between the output voltages of different working gears under the same particle conditions (such as clean air or standard paraffin smoke). In the embodiments of this application, it is determined by the gain ratio of each gear, such as the ratio of the amplification factor of the first gear to the second gear. The response increment relationship refers to the incremental characteristics of the sample voltage relative to the clean voltage within the same working gear, that is, the amount of signal change caused by particles, which can be expressed as ΔV = sample voltage − clean voltage. This increment reflects the response intensity of a specific particle under that gear.

[0050] Furthermore, based on the real-time clean voltage, the gear mapping relationship, and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the real-time clean voltage at each working gear is calculated to update the current reference voltage group corresponding to each working gear.

[0051] The real-time sample voltage is not obtained by direct measurement, but is calculated based on the real-time clean voltage under the current contamination state and the above two relationships. It is the output voltage that should be generated under the current contamination conditions if standard particles are present.

[0052] Specifically, after acquiring the real-time clean voltage at a preset cycle, the system uses the pre-calibrated initial reference voltage group for each working position to construct a position mapping relationship and a response increment relationship. The position mapping relationship is established by comparing the voltage values ​​of different positions under the same working condition (such as clean or paraffin) to establish a proportional or functional mapping between positions. The response increment relationship is determined by calculating the difference between the sample voltage and the clean voltage under the same position to determine the typical response amplitude of the position to standard particles.

[0053] When the target sensor's clean voltage increases due to contamination, the system first reads the currently measured real-time clean voltage. Then, based on the response increment relationship, it calculates the real-time sample voltage that should exist if standard particles are present at the current setting. Simultaneously, using the setting mapping relationship, this calculation result is extended to other inactive working settings, thereby generating real-time sample voltages that match the current contamination state for all settings. Finally, the current reference voltage set for each setting is updated to: [real-time clean voltage, calculated real-time sample voltage] (performed separately under dual wavelengths), ensuring that regardless of which setting is subsequently switched to, the reference data can reflect the current contamination state of the sensor.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, assuming the sensor is currently in setting 1, the measured real-time clean voltage is 1.6V for the first wavelength and 1.2V for the second wavelength (initial values ​​are 1.2V and 0.9V respectively), indicating that contamination has occurred. Based on the initial reference voltage set for setting 1 (clean 1.2V, sample 2.5V), the response increment for the first wavelength can be obtained. =2.5−1.2=1.3V. Based on this, the system calculates the real-time sample voltage of the first setting under the current contaminated state to be 1.6+1.3=2.9V. Meanwhile, given that the voltage ratio of the first setting to the second setting under clean conditions is 1.2:1.5=0.8, the setting mapping relationship is as follows: = / 0.8. Therefore, the real-time clean voltage of the second setting can be mapped to 1.6 / 0.8=2.0V, and its response increment is scaled proportionally (or based on the original second setting). =2.8−1.5=1.3V (if the gain is linear, the increment remains unchanged), the calculated real-time sample voltage for the second range is 2.0+1.3=3.3V. Therefore, the current reference voltage sets for both the first and second ranges are updated to include a combination of the new clean voltage and the new sample voltage.

[0055] In step S3, in response to the real-time clean voltage matching the preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the current working position is switched to the next working position, and the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working position is determined as the current reference voltage group, so that particle detection can continue with the updated current reference voltage group.

[0056] The full-scale distortion threshold is a safety boundary value set when the sensor output voltage approaches the upper limit of its power supply. Once the signal exceeds this threshold, the operational amplifier will enter the saturation region and will not be able to linearly amplify the input signal, resulting in output distortion. This phenomenon is called full-scale distortion. The next operating range refers to the range with a lower gain compared to the current operating range, which reduces the overall amplification factor and thus pulls the raised output voltage back to the linear operating range; while the initial reference voltage set for the corresponding operating range refers to the quadrupole data containing the clean voltage and sample voltage under dual wavelengths, which is pre-collected and stored for the next operating range during the calibration phase.

[0057] Specifically, when the real-time clean voltage acquired by the system at a preset period is sufficient to trigger the full-amplitude distortion threshold, it indicates that the background signal at the current operating level has been severely amplified due to optical contamination. If this high-gain level continues to be used, subsequent particle signals are highly likely to cause the output voltage to exceed the linear range of the operational amplifier, resulting in signal clipping or recognition failure. At this time, the system immediately triggers the level switching mechanism to adjust the current operating level to the next operating level (i.e., a lower gain level) to compress the overall signal amplitude and bring it back into the effective dynamic range. After the switch is completed, the system retrieves the initial reference voltage set that strictly corresponds to the new level from the storage unit and sets it as the current reference voltage set. This ensures that the reference data relied upon by subsequent particle detection is consistent with the current hardware gain state, thereby maintaining the continuity and accuracy of the recognition function while avoiding full-amplitude distortion.

[0058] It is worth noting that if only the cleanroom voltage is used as the criterion, the voltage may be frequently reduced even when there are no particles, thus lowering the sensitivity. If distortion is only detected after actual particles appear, the effective identification window may have been missed. Considering this factor, this application proposes that, before the step of matching the real-time cleanroom voltage to a preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the method further includes: Based on the real-time clean voltage and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the current working position is calculated; The real-time sample voltage is compared with the full-amplitude distortion threshold. If the real-time sample voltage reaches the full-amplitude distortion threshold, then the real-time clean voltage is determined to match the full-amplitude distortion threshold.

[0059] Specifically, before determining whether to switch operating levels, the system does not directly trigger an action based on whether the real-time clean voltage reaches the full-amplitude distortion threshold. Instead, it first uses the response increment relationship of the current operating level to convert the measured real-time clean voltage into the corresponding real-time sample voltage. This is because when a fire actually occurs, the sensor outputs the sample voltage (i.e., the clean substrate superimposed with particle response), and it is precisely this superimposed voltage value that may cause full-amplitude distortion.

[0060] Therefore, the system calculates the worst-case sample output by combining the real-time clean voltage with the response increment, and compares it with the full-scale distortion threshold. Only when the calculated real-time sample voltage reaches or exceeds this threshold is it determined that there is a distortion risk in the current state, and thus it is determined that the real-time clean voltage matches the full-scale distortion threshold, thereby triggering a gear switching.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, assuming the current setting is level 1, the clean voltage of the first wavelength in the initial reference voltage group is 1.2V, and the sample voltage is 2.5V, so the response increment ΔV = 1.3V. The real-time clean voltage measured during operation is 2.0V. Directly comparing 2.0V with the full-amplitude distortion threshold of 3.0V, it is not yet exceeded. However, the system further calculates the real-time sample voltage as 2.0V + 1.3V = 3.3V, which exceeds the 3.0V threshold. At this point, a distortion risk is identified. Even if there is no actual smoke in the current environment, it is confirmed in advance that "the real-time clean voltage matches the full-amplitude distortion threshold," preparing for subsequent switching. Because the response increment relationship is introduced, the drift of the clean voltage is transformed into a prediction of the worst-case scenario (i.e., when particles are present), thereby ensuring that the switching decision is based on the actual probability of signal distortion, rather than a static background value. This allows the sensor to maintain high sensitivity while effectively avoiding the risk of missed detection due to signal saturation in the event of a sudden fire.

[0062] In step S4, the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage is repeated until all working positions have been traversed, then particle detection is terminated and a pollution upper limit prompt is output.

[0063] The "All operating levels have been traversed" indicates that the sensor has gradually switched from the initial high gain level to the lowest gain level (e.g., from level 1 to level 2, level 3), and the risk of full-width distortion cannot be avoided even at the current lowest level. The "Contamination Limit Indication" is a clear status signal issued by the system to indicate that the degree of contamination of the optical window or sensing chamber has exceeded the limit that the sensor can compensate for through gain adjustment, and the equipment has lost its effective detection capability, requiring manual cleaning or replacement.

[0064] Specifically, during sensor operation, whenever a full-amplitude distortion judgment is triggered due to the real-time clean voltage (or its calculated real-time sample voltage), the system switches to the next lower gain operating level and continues particle detection. Simultaneously, the system continuously repeats the step of acquiring the real-time clean voltage at a preset cycle to monitor whether the contamination status at the current level is still within a controllable range. This process is cyclical: as long as there are unused lower gain levels and the current level again presents a risk of distortion, the system continues to switch to the next lower gain level.

[0065] Once the system switches to the last available operating level (e.g., level 3), if the subsequently acquired real-time clean voltage still causes the calculated sample voltage to reach the full-amplitude distortion threshold, it indicates that even at the lowest gain, the background signal is too high to retain sufficient dynamic range for the actual particle signal. At this point, the system determines that all operating levels have been traversed and none can maintain effective detection. Therefore, it terminates the particle detection function and proactively outputs a contamination upper limit warning to prevent further false alarms or missed alarms under unreliable conditions.

[0066] Secondly, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a virtual structural diagram of the photoelectric particle sensor lifetime extension device provided in this application. A second aspect of this application provides a photoelectric particle sensor lifetime extension device, comprising: The initial gear module 100 is used to set the current working gear of the target sensor to the initial working gear, and to determine the initial reference voltage group of the initial working gear as the current reference voltage group. The periodic detection module 200 is used to perform particle detection based on the current reference voltage group and obtain the real-time clean voltage at a preset period. The gear adjustment module 300 is used to switch the current working gear to the next working gear in response to the real-time clean voltage matching preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, and determine the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working gear as the current reference voltage group, so as to continue particle detection with the updated current reference voltage group. The contamination alert module 400 is used to repeatedly execute the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage until all working positions have been traversed, terminate particle detection and output a contamination upper limit alert.

[0067] The photoelectric particle sensor lifespan extension device described in this application embodiment can execute the photoelectric particle sensor lifespan extension method provided in the above embodiment. The photoelectric particle sensor lifespan extension device has the corresponding functional steps and beneficial effects of the photoelectric particle sensor lifespan extension method described in the above embodiment. For details, please refer to the embodiment of the photoelectric particle sensor lifespan extension method described above. The embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0068] Thirdly, this application provides a photoelectric particle sensor, referring to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a module connection diagram of the circuit involved in the photoelectric particle sensor provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 The diagram shows several key circuit modules involved in the photoelectric particle sensor, including: a power supply filtering module, a first amplification module, and a second amplification module. These are described in detail below: The input terminal of the power supply filtering module is connected to an external signal source, and the output terminal of the power supply filtering module is connected to the first input terminal of the first amplification module, the first input terminal of the second amplification module, and the second input terminal of the second amplification module, in order to provide a stable reference voltage.

[0069] The power supply filtering module refers to the circuit structure used to filter the externally input reference voltage. Its core function is to suppress high-frequency glitches and fluctuations in the voltage, ensuring a stable and clean reference voltage (VR) for the subsequent first and second amplification modules.

[0070] A photosensitive receiving tube is connected in parallel between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the first amplification module. The output terminal of the first amplification module is connected to the first input terminal of the second amplification module, which is used to amplify the sensor current received by the photosensitive receiving tube and output a preliminary amplified voltage.

[0071] The first amplification module refers to the current-to-voltage conversion and amplification circuit with the first amplifier as its core, which is used to convert the weak photocurrent (including dark current Idark and illumination current Ios1) generated by the photosensitive receiving tube into a pre-amplified voltage signal (i.e., the pre-amplified voltage).

[0072] An adjustable resistor is connected in parallel between the second input terminal and the output terminal of the second amplification module. The resistor is used to determine the corresponding operating range by changing the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and to output the preliminary amplified voltage as the sampling voltage according to the current operating range.

[0073] The second amplification module refers to a voltage amplification circuit with the second amplifier as its core. Its gain is adjusted by an adjustable resistor in the feedback network (i.e., the working range adjustment corresponding to the above method). It is used to amplify the initial amplified voltage output by the first amplification module a second time to generate the final acquisition voltage (VO2) used for particle identification.

[0074] Specifically, firstly, the externally supplied reference voltage is processed by the power supply filtering module to filter out high-frequency interference, forming a stable reference voltage VR, which is simultaneously supplied to the first and second amplification modules as common-mode bias. Secondly, the photosensitive receiver tube receives scattered light in the optical cavity and generates photocurrent. This current flows through the feedback resistor network in the first amplification module and, based on the "virtual short" and "virtual open" characteristics of the operational amplifier, is converted into a preliminary amplified voltage VO1, the value of which is proportional to the product of the photocurrent and the total feedback resistance. Finally, this preliminary amplified voltage is input to the second amplification module, where it works together with the reference voltage VR to act on the second amplifier. Secondary amplification is performed through the feedback network, including an adjustable resistor, to output the final acquisition voltage VO2. The resistance value of the adjustable resistor can be switched between multiple preset levels (such as level 1, level 2, and level 3) via an electronic switch, thereby dynamically adjusting the second-stage amplification factor (i.e., the operating level of the target sensor).

[0075] More specifically, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the photoelectric particle sensor provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The diagram shows the specific component connection structure of each of the above key modules in a specific embodiment. The following section will discuss this in conjunction with... Figure 4 Please provide a detailed explanation: Regarding the power filtering module: The power filtering module includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first capacitor C1; Specifically, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the first capacitor C1 are components constituting the power supply filtering module. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage divider network to extract a reference voltage from an external signal source. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the external signal source, and the other end of the first resistor R1 forms a reference voltage point and is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the first capacitor C1. The other ends of the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0076] More specifically, the power supply filtering module forms a resistive voltage divider structure with the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, extracting an intermediate potential from the external signal source (usually the system supply voltage) as a reference voltage point. This reference voltage point is simultaneously connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, while the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, thus forming an RC low-pass filter network. When there is high-frequency noise or voltage fluctuation in the external signal source, the first capacitor C1 provides a low-impedance path to bypass the high-frequency components to ground, keeping the potential at the reference voltage point stable and effectively suppressing the impact of power supply ripple on subsequent amplification circuits. This stable reference voltage is then simultaneously supplied to both the first and second amplification modules as their common-mode bias reference.

[0077] Regarding the first amplification module: The first amplification module includes a third resistor R3, a first amplifier U1, a fourth resistor R4, and a second capacitor C2; Specifically, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the second capacitor C2, and the first amplifier U1 are components of the first amplification module. The first amplifier U1 (operational amplifier) ​​is the core active device. The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 together form a feedback resistor network. The second capacitor C2 is used for frequency compensation or noise suppression of the feedback path.

[0078] More specifically, in the first amplification module, a photosensitive receiver is connected in parallel between the inverting input and output of the first amplifier U1. The photocurrent it generates flows through a feedback path formed by the series connection of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. Due to the "virtual short" characteristic of the operational amplifier, the potential at the inverting input is clamped to the same reference voltage level as the non-inverting input. Therefore, the voltage drop across the feedback resistor caused by the photocurrent is directly converted into the initial amplified voltage at the output. The second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the feedback resistor network to suppress high-frequency interference or prevent op-amp self-oscillation, thereby improving circuit stability.

[0079] In this embodiment, the reference voltage VR is obtained by dividing an external signal source through R1 and R2, while C1 is connected in parallel across R2 to form a low-pass filter. When there are high-frequency glitches or transient interferences in the power supply or the preceding circuit, C1 bypasses these high-frequency components to ground through its low impedance characteristics, thereby effectively suppressing the fluctuation of VR and ensuring that it serves as a stable reference point for supplying the non-inverting input of the U1 operational amplifier.

[0080] Under these conditions, the op-amp U1 is configured as a transimpedance amplifier, with its inverting input connected to a photosensitive receiver (modeled as a current source I1) and its non-inverting input connected to a stable VR. According to the op-amp's "virtual short" principle, the potential at the inverting input is clamped to VR; and due to its "virtual open" characteristic, I1 cannot flow into the op-amp's input, but instead flows entirely through the feedback path R3 and R4. Therefore, the voltage drop across R3+R4 is (Idark+Ios1)×(R3+R4), which is superimposed on VR to form the output voltage VO1 of U1. Considering the actual op-amp has an input offset voltage VOS1, the complete expression is: VO1=VR+VOS1+Idark×(R3+R4)+IOS1×(R3+R4).

[0081] Furthermore, C2 is connected in parallel with R4, presenting a low impedance to high-frequency signals. This causes high-frequency interference current to be mainly bypassed through C2 instead of R4, thereby effectively reducing the feedback impedance and lowering the high-frequency gain in the high-frequency range. This design effectively suppresses output oscillations or spikes caused by electromagnetic interference or optical pulse noise, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and stability of the first amplification module.

[0082] Regarding the second amplification module, the second amplification module includes a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a second amplifier U4, a seventh resistor R7, and a third capacitor C3; the seventh resistor R7 is the adjustable resistor.

[0083] Among them, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are two matching resistors connected to the reference voltage point, which are used to provide the same DC bias potential for the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier U4, forming the basis of the differential input structure; the second amplifier U4 refers to the operational amplifier used to perform secondary amplification of the initial amplified voltage, which is configured in differential amplification mode to suppress common-mode noise and improve signal accuracy; The seventh resistor R7, also known as the adjustable resistor, has a resistance value that can be switched between multiple preset levels. As part of the feedback network of the second amplification module, it is used to adjust the overall voltage gain. The third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel across the seventh resistor R7 to bypass the high-frequency components in the feedback path, reduce the high-frequency gain, and thus enhance the circuit's anti-interference capability and stability. The voltage acquisition point refers to the output terminal of the second amplifier U4. The voltage signal output by this node (denoted as VO2) will be sampled by the subsequent analog-to-digital conversion or processing unit for particle identification and judgment.

[0084] Specifically, the U4 op-amp is configured as a non-inverting amplifier, with its non-inverting input connected to a stable reference voltage point VR via R5. This ensures that the non-inverting input of U4 always has a defined bias level, regardless of whether a valid signal has been established in the preceding stage. When U1 has not yet achieved a stable output, if the input of U4 lacks a defined bias, internal noise or input drift may cause output saturation or oscillation. The presence of R5 forces the non-inverting input to be clamped at VR, allowing U4 to be in a controllable linear operating region immediately upon startup, thus quickly entering a stable state.

[0085] The inverting input is also connected to VR via R6 and receives the VO1 signal from the first amplification module (effectively, VO1 is superimposed on VR and acts on the inverting input). Due to the "virtual short" characteristic of the op-amp, the potential of the inverting input is maintained at VR. Therefore, the current flowing through R6 is (VO1−VR) / R6. This current flows entirely through the feedback branch R7 (because the op-amp input current is approximately zero), generating a voltage drop across R7. The final output voltage VO2 is determined by the following relationship: VO2 = VOS2(R7 / R6+1)+ΔVO1(R7 / R6+1)+VR.

[0086] Furthermore, C3 is connected in parallel across R7, presenting a low impedance at high frequencies. This causes high-frequency interference components to be mainly bypassed through C3 instead of flowing through R7, thereby effectively reducing the feedback impedance and lowering the closed-loop gain at high frequencies. This mechanism effectively suppresses the excessive amplification of high-frequency components such as switching power supply noise and RF interference in the second stage, ensuring the purity of the VO2 signal.

[0087] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store an operating system and an application program required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor, etc. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. The one or more modules are stored in the memory and, when executed by the processor, perform the lifespan extension method for the photoelectric particle sensor as described in the above method embodiments. Specific details of the above electronic device can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0088] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0089] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to streamline this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of this application, various features of this application are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed application requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of this application.

[0090] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of this application and not restrictive of this application, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor, characterized in that, The method is applied to a target sensor, which has multiple operating positions; the method includes: Set the current operating position of the target sensor to the initial operating position, and determine the initial reference voltage group of the initial operating position as the current reference voltage group; Particle detection is performed based on the current reference voltage set, and real-time clean voltage is obtained at a preset cycle. In response to the real-time clean voltage matching preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the current working position is switched to the next working position, and the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working position is determined as the current reference voltage group, and particle detection is continued with the updated current reference voltage group. Repeat the steps to obtain the real-time clean voltage until all working positions have been traversed, then terminate particle detection and output a pollution upper limit prompt.

2. The method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of determining the initial reference voltage group of the initial operating position as the current reference voltage group, the method further includes: Under the first light source wavelength, the first clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the first sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained. Under the second light source wavelength, the second clean voltage collected by the target sensor in a clean air environment and the second sample voltage collected by the target sensor in a calibration sample environment are obtained; The first clean voltage, the first sample voltage, the second clean voltage, and the second sample voltage at the same working position are integrated to obtain the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position.

3. The method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage at a preset period, the method further includes: Based on the initial reference voltage group corresponding to each working position, determine the position mapping relationship of the output voltage under the same working conditions between different working positions, and the response increment relationship between the clean voltage and the sample voltage under the same working position; Based on the real-time clean voltage, the gear mapping relationship, and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the real-time clean voltage at each working gear is calculated to update the current reference voltage group corresponding to each working gear.

4. The method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, Prior to the step of responding to the real-time clean voltage matching the preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, the method further includes: Based on the real-time clean voltage and the response increment relationship, the real-time sample voltage corresponding to the current working position is calculated; The real-time sample voltage is compared with the full-amplitude distortion threshold. If the real-time sample voltage reaches the full-amplitude distortion threshold, then the real-time clean voltage is determined to match the full-amplitude distortion threshold.

5. The method for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of particle detection based on the current reference voltage set includes: The current identification function is determined based on the current reference voltage set; Obtain the real-time output voltage of the target sensor in the current environment at the wavelengths of the first and second light sources, respectively; The real-time output voltage and the current reference voltage group are input together into the current identification function to calculate the particle identification degree.

6. A device for extending the lifespan of a photoelectric particle sensor, characterized in that, Applied to a target sensor, the target sensor is provided with multiple operating positions; including: An initial gear module is used to set the current working gear of the target sensor to the initial working gear and determine the initial reference voltage group of the initial working gear as the current reference voltage group. The periodic detection module is used to perform particle detection based on the current reference voltage group and obtain the real-time clean voltage at a preset period. The gear adjustment module is used to switch the current working gear to the next working gear in response to the real-time clean voltage matching preset full-amplitude distortion threshold, and to determine the initial reference voltage group of the corresponding working gear as the current reference voltage group, so as to continue particle detection with the updated current reference voltage group. The contamination alert module is used to repeatedly execute the step of obtaining the real-time clean voltage until all working positions have been traversed, then terminate particle detection and output a contamination upper limit alert.

7. A photoelectric particle sensor, characterized in that, include: Power supply filtering module, first amplification module, and second amplification module; The input terminal of the power filtering module is connected to an external signal source, and the output terminal of the power filtering module is connected to the first input terminal of the first amplification module, the first input terminal of the second amplification module, and the second input terminal of the second amplification module, in order to provide a stable reference voltage. A photosensitive receiving tube is connected in parallel between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the first amplification module. The output terminal of the first amplification module is connected to the first input terminal of the second amplification module, which is used to amplify the sensor current received by the photosensitive receiving tube and output a preliminary amplified voltage. An adjustable resistor is connected in parallel between the second input terminal and the output terminal of the second amplification module. The resistor is used to determine the corresponding operating range by changing the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and to output the preliminary amplified voltage as the sampling voltage according to the current operating range.

8. The photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power filtering module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor; the first amplification module includes a third resistor, a first amplifier, a fourth resistor, and a second capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the external signal source, the other end of the first resistor forms a reference voltage point and is connected to one end of the second resistor and one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the first capacitor are grounded; One end of the third resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is also connected to the first terminal of the photosensitive receiver, and the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the photosensitive receiver. The fourth resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the first amplifier.

9. The photoelectric particle sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second amplification module includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second amplifier, a seventh resistor, and a third capacitor; the seventh resistor is the adjustable resistor. One end of the fifth resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier; One end of the sixth resistor is connected to the reference voltage point, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier. The output terminal of the second amplifier is the voltage acquisition point, and the seventh resistor and the third capacitor are connected in parallel to the inverting input terminal and the input terminal of the second amplifier.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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