Nanofiltration membrane preparation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nanofiltration membrane preparation, and discloses a nanofiltration membrane preparation device which comprises a main box body, two guide rollers are symmetrically and rotationally installed in the main box body, a drying chamber is installed on one side of the top end of the main box body in a through connection mode, and a liquid supplementing opening is installed on the other side of the top end of the main box body in a through connection mode. Through the arrangement of the two guide rollers, the film body finally moves in the vertical upward direction after being guided, so that the situation that the film body is transversely conveyed, stretched and bent after being coated can be avoided, and then the distribution uniformity of surface coating liquid is guaranteed; meanwhile, the vertical arrangement can also ensure that the film body is not bent after the coating liquid on the surface is uniformly distributed after coating, the coating liquid is always uniformly distributed in the subsequent drying process to the greatest extent, the subsequent film quality is ensured, the vertical arrangement can also ensure that the two sides of the film body can be uniformly coated at the same time, and the production efficiency is improved. And the preparation quality of the membrane is further improved.

Description

A nanofiltration membrane preparation device Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nanofiltration membrane preparation technology, specifically to a nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The quality of nanofiltration membrane preparation directly depends on coating precision, drying and curing effect, and support transport stability. However, existing preparation equipment still has the following problems, as detailed below:

[0003] On the one hand, existing preparation equipment mainly coats the membrane surface through the coating tip. This method cannot effectively and stably control the coating thickness and precision, leading to localized excessively thick or thin membrane layers. This results in incomplete cross-sectional polymerization, forming defects such as pinholes, which in turn affect the membrane's subsequent rejection rate and flux. Furthermore, existing equipment arranges the membrane laterally during coating, causing excessive stretching and membrane bending deformation, thus affecting coating uniformity. Additionally, coating the top and bottom surfaces of the membrane simultaneously can cause the coating liquid at the bottom to sag, further impacting the coating effect. On the other hand, existing preparation devices require a drying mechanism to dry the coating liquid. However, existing drying equipment cannot fully utilize heat, as most of the heat from the drying gas is dissipated. Direct-blowing drying causes membrane vibration, leading to uneven distribution of the coating liquid and failing to guarantee a good drying effect. Therefore, we propose a nanofiltration membrane preparation device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus, which has the advantages of uniform coating and good effect, and good subsequent drying effect, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a nanofiltration membrane preparation device, comprising a main housing, two guide rollers symmetrically and rotatably mounted inside the main housing, a drying chamber connected through one side of the top of the main housing and a liquid replenishment port connected through the other side, liquid guide grooves respectively opened on both sides of the main housing, the liquid guide grooves being connected through to an external air supply device, two isolation components symmetrically and fixedly mounted inside the drying chamber, air inlet pipes symmetrically and through the two sides of the drying chamber, air guide plates symmetrically and fixedly mounted on both sides of the main housing, an arc-shaped guide block provided above one end of the air guide plate near the middle, a conduction component symmetrically and fixedly mounted above the inside of the drying chamber, a squeezing roller movably mounted inside the drying chamber, a first rotating wheel fixedly mounted at one end of the conduction component, a guiding component fixedly mounted outside the main housing, and a driving component movably mounted embedded inside the drying chamber.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the isolation assembly includes a partition with a drainage groove on one side and guide strips fixedly installed on the upper surface of the partition.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the partition is installed on one side of the drying chamber that is higher than the middle side, and the two partitions are spaced apart. The nanofiltration membrane passes through the gap between the two partitions. The drain trough is opened through the upper and lower ends of the partitions and is located on the adjacent side of the two partitions. The guide bar has an inclined structure above it and faces the side where the drain trough is located.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the conductive assembly includes a housing with rotating blades rotatably disposed inside the housing. The housing consists of two parts: one part is a cylindrical structure fixedly installed inside the drying chamber, and the other part is a pointed structure. The blades of the rotating blades located at one end of the cylindrical housing are adapted to the cylindrical shape.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the conveying assembly includes a turbine pump, a second impeller is mounted on one side of the turbine pump, a conduit is connected through the turbine pump, and a conveying housing is fixedly mounted through one end of the conduit.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the turbine pump is fixedly installed outside the main housing. The second impeller is connected to the first impeller via belt drive. The diameter of the second impeller is smaller than that of the first impeller. The guide housing has two slots on one side, which are connected and sealed to the liquid guide groove. The two slots on the guide housing are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the nanofiltration membrane delivery position in the main housing.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly includes a base shell, a back plate is fixedly installed at one end inside the base shell, a limit groove is formed on the back plate, a locking structure is fixedly installed on one side of the limit groove, an external drive motor is fixedly installed on the other side of the back plate, a transmission rod is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the external drive motor, a third rotating wheel is movably sleeved on the transmission rod, and a transmission belt is movably sleeved on the third rotating wheel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the base shell is fixedly installed outside the main housing. An electromagnet is provided inside the back plate. The size of the end of the transmission rod connected to the external drive motor is smaller than the diameter of the limiting groove, and a limiting protrusion is provided on this end. A pair of threaded grooves are symmetrically opened on the other end of the transmission rod, and the direction of the pair of threaded grooves is opposite. Both ends of the extrusion roller are respectively provided with sleeve ends. The upper and lower ends of the sleeve ends are embedded with rotating rollers, and the internal center is provided with internal threads that are threadedly connected to the threaded grooves on the transmission rod. The third rotating wheel is provided with protrusions symmetrically on both sides of the end near the locking structure. A coil spring is sleeved between the third rotating wheel and the transmission rod.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the locking structure includes a base ring, on one side of which a locking pin is movably embedded. The base ring is fixedly connected to a back plate, and the locking pin is composed of multiple densely inserted pins, with an inner spring at one end located inside the base ring.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This nanofiltration membrane preparation device, by setting two guide rollers, ensures that the membrane moves vertically upwards after being guided. This avoids lateral stretching and bending of the membrane after coating, thus ensuring the uniform distribution of the surface coating liquid. At the same time, the vertical setting also ensures that the membrane does not bend after the coating liquid is evenly distributed on the surface, maximizing the uniform distribution of the coating liquid during the subsequent drying process and ensuring the quality of the membrane. Furthermore, the vertical setting also ensures that both sides of the membrane can be coated simultaneously and evenly, further improving the quality of membrane preparation.

[0016] 2. This nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus incorporates an isolation component and a squeezing roller inside the drying chamber. The squeezing roller symmetrically squeezes and spreads the membrane after it has been immersed in the coating solution from the main chamber, ensuring a uniform coating effect. The isolation component prevents the squeezed-down coating solution from dripping directly into the main chamber and splashing, further guaranteeing the coating effect. The upper transmission component directs the drying gas at a small angle to the membrane surface, with equal airflow intensity on both sides. This avoids vibrations caused by direct blowing or lateral arrangement, thus ensuring a better drying effect. The drying gas circulates through the transmission component, driving the conveying component to pump and circulate the coating solution inside the main chamber. This not only increases the utilization rate of the coating solution but also prevents uneven mixing caused by prolonged stagnation, significantly improving the overall effectiveness of the preparation apparatus. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guiding component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the extrusion roller and the drive assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the conductive component and the first rotating wheel of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Main housing; 2. Guide roller; 3. Drying chamber; 4. Liquid inlet; 5. Liquid guide groove; 6. Isolation assembly; 61. Partition plate; 62. Drainage groove; 63. Guide bar; 7. Air inlet pipe; 8. Air guide plate; 9. Conducting assembly; 91. Outer shell; 92. Rotating blade; 10. Squeeze roller; 11. First rotating wheel; 12. Conveying assembly; 121. Turbine pump; 122. Second rotating wheel; 123. Conduit; 124. Conveying housing; 13. Drive assembly; 131. Base shell; 132. Back plate; 133. Limiting groove; 134. Locking structure; 1341. Base ring; 1342. Locking pin; 135. External drive motor; 136. Transmission rod; 137. Third rotating wheel; 138. Conducting belt. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus involved in the present invention is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-3. A nanofiltration membrane preparation device includes a main housing 1. Two guide rollers 2 are symmetrically rotated and installed inside the main housing 1. A drying chamber 3 is installed through one side of the top of the main housing 1, and a liquid inlet 4 is installed through the other side. Liquid guide grooves 5 are respectively opened on both sides of the main housing 1 and are connected to an external air supply device. Two isolation components 6 are symmetrically fixedly installed inside the drying chamber 3. Air inlet pipes 7 are symmetrically installed through both sides of the drying chamber 3. Air guide plates 8 are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the main housing 1. An arc-shaped guide block is provided above one end of the air guide plate 8 near the middle. A conduction component 9 is symmetrically fixedly installed above the inside of the drying chamber 3. A squeezing roller 10 is movably arranged inside the drying chamber 3. A first rotating wheel 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the conduction component 9. A conveying component 12 is fixedly installed outside the main housing 1. A drive component 13 is movably installed embedded in the drying chamber 3.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, this application, by setting two guide rollers 2, ensures that the membrane moves vertically upwards after being guided. This avoids lateral stretching and bending of the membrane after coating, thus ensuring the uniform distribution of the surface coating liquid. The vertical arrangement also prevents membrane bending after the coating liquid is evenly distributed on the surface, maximizing the uniform distribution of the coating liquid during subsequent drying and guaranteeing the quality of the final membrane. Furthermore, the vertical arrangement ensures that both sides of the membrane can be coated simultaneously and evenly, further improving the quality of the prepared membrane. Additionally, by setting an isolation component 6 and a pressing roller 10 inside the drying chamber 3, the pressing roller 10 symmetrically presses and spreads the membrane after it has been immersed in the coating liquid inside the main chamber 1, ensuring the membrane... The coating effect is excellent, and the isolation component 6 ensures that the squeezed coating liquid will not drip directly into the main chamber 1 and cause splashing, thus ensuring the coating effect of the membrane. The upper conduction component 9 is set to blow the drying gas on the membrane surface at a small angle, and the airflow intensity on both sides is the same. This avoids the vibration of the membrane during the blowing and drying caused by direct blowing and the horizontal arrangement, thus ensuring the drying effect. The drying gas can form a circulating rotation through the conduction component 9, which can drive the conveying component 12 to pump and circulate the coating liquid inside the main chamber 1. This not only improves the utilization rate of the coating liquid, but also avoids the coating liquid from being stagnant for a long time and causing uneven mixing of the coating liquid itself, greatly improving the overall use effect of the preparation device.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-5. A nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus includes an isolation component 6, which includes a partition 61. A drainage groove 62 is provided on one side of the partition 61, and a guide strip 63 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the partition 61.

[0031] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the partition 61 is installed inside the drying chamber 3 on one side higher than the middle side, and the two partitions 61 are spaced apart. The nanofiltration membrane passes through the gap between the two partitions 61. The drain trough 62 is opened through the upper and lower ends of the partitions 61 and is located on the adjacent side of the two partitions 61. The upper part of the guide strip 63 is set with a sloping structure and faces the side where the drain trough 62 is located. In this way, when the nanofiltration membrane is coated and moved between the two partitions 61, the excess coating liquid can be scraped off first by using the gap between the two partitions 61. Then, during the subsequent upward movement, a pair of extrusion rollers 10 are used to further extrude and smooth the nanofiltration membrane to ensure that the coating liquid on the surface reaches a suitable thickness. The excess coating liquid that is squeezed down will fall onto the upper surface of the partition 61 and then slide down along its surface to the position of the drain trough 62 for downward recovery. This avoids the situation where the excess coating liquid will drip directly into the main box 1 after the above extrusion and cause splashing, thus ensuring the uniformity of nanofiltration membrane coating.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 5-9. A nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus includes a conductive component 9, which includes a housing 91, and a rotating blade 92 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 91.

[0033] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the outer shell 91 consists of two components: one part is a cylindrical structure fixedly installed inside the drying chamber 3, and the other part is a pointed structure. The blades of the rotating blade 92 located at one end of the cylindrical outer shell 91 are adapted to the cylindrical shape. In this way, when the external airflow is supplied, the rotating blade 92 can be rotated while the nanofiltration membrane is being dried. This allows the first rotating wheel 11 to rotate while the nanofiltration membrane is being dried. This not only allows the airflow used for drying to be continuously rotated and reused under the guidance of the outer shell 91, thus making full use of the heat in the gas, but also allows the rotation of the first rotating wheel 11 to drive the conveying component 12 to rotate and pump the coating liquid inside the main housing 1, so as to realize the circulation and use of the coating liquid, avoid the uneven mixing of internal components due to long-term stagnation, and ensure the coating effect of the nanofiltration membrane.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-4. A nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus includes a conveying assembly 12, which includes a turbine pump 121. A second rotating wheel 122 is installed on one side of the turbine pump 121. A conduit 123 is connected through the turbine pump 121, and a conveying housing 124 is fixedly installed through one end of the conduit 123.

[0035] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the turbine pump 121 is fixedly installed on the outside of the main housing 1. The second rotating wheel 122 is connected to the first rotating wheel 11 by belt drive. The diameter of the second rotating wheel 122 is smaller than the diameter of the first rotating wheel 11. The guide housing 124 has two slots on one side, which are connected and sealed to the liquid guide groove 5. The two slots on the guide housing 124 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the nanofiltration membrane in the main housing 1. In this way, the rotation of the first rotating wheel 11 will drive the second rotating wheel 122 to rotate, thereby causing the turbine pump 121 to pump and rotate the coating liquid inside the main housing 1, thus ensuring that the coating liquid inside will not be unevenly mixed, thereby ensuring the coating effect of the nanofiltration membrane.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-8. A nanofiltration membrane preparation device includes a drive assembly 13. The drive assembly 13 includes a base shell 131. A back plate 132 is fixedly installed at one end inside the base shell 131. A limiting groove 133 is formed on the back plate 132. A locking structure 134 is fixedly installed on one side of the limiting groove 133. An external drive motor 135 is fixedly installed on the other side of the back plate 132. A transmission rod 136 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the external drive motor 135. A third rotating wheel 137 is movably sleeved on the transmission rod 136. A transmission belt 138 is movably sleeved on the third rotating wheel 137.

[0037] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the base shell 131 is fixedly installed outside the main housing 1, an electromagnet is provided inside the back plate 132, the size of the end of the transmission rod 136 connected to the external drive motor 135 is smaller than the diameter of the limiting groove 133, and a limiting protrusion is provided on this end, a pair of threaded grooves are symmetrically opened on the other end of the transmission rod 136, the direction of the pair of threaded grooves is opposite, the two ends of the extrusion roller 10 are respectively provided with sleeve end heads, the upper and lower ends of the sleeve end heads are embedded with rotating rollers, and the inner center is provided with internal threads that are threadedly connected to the threaded grooves on the transmission rod 136, the third rotating wheel 137 is provided with protrusions symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end near the locking structure 134, the third rotating wheel A coil spring is sleeved between the internal part of 137 and the transmission rod 136. This allows the electromagnet inside the back plate 132 to be activated as needed, thereby attracting the third rotating wheel 137 to its position. This locks the third rotating wheel 137 with the locking structure 134, preventing rotation and ensuring that the distance between the adjusted extrusion rollers 10 does not change during use. When adjustment is needed, the power supply to the electromagnet inside the back plate 132 is disconnected. Under the action of the coil spring, the third rotating wheel 137 retracts and moves back, unlocking it from the locking structure 134. This allows the transmission rod 136 to rotate and move the extrusion rollers 10 to adjust the distance, adapting to the coating requirements of nanofiltration membranes.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 7-8. A nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus includes a locking structure 134, which includes a base ring 1341. A locating pin 1342 is embedded and movably mounted on one side of the base ring 1341.

[0039] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the base ring 1341 is fixedly connected to the back plate 132, and the locking pins 1342 are arranged by multiple densely inserted pins. One end of the pins 1342 located inside the base ring 1341 is provided with an internal spring. When the protrusion on the side of the third rotating wheel 137 compresses the locking pins 1342, it will cause them to retract. The remaining locking pins 1342 will then restrict their movement, ensuring the effective use of the entire device.

[0040] Working principle: The nanofiltration membranes to be coated are respectively sleeved on the guide rollers 2 and passed through the drying chamber 3 and discharged from the top for conveying and winding. The main box 1 is filled with sufficient coating liquid. Driven by the unwinding and winding of the nanofiltration membranes outside, the membranes move upward after being soaked in the coating liquid inside the main box 1. Excess liquid is initially scraped off between two partitions 61. As the membranes continue to move upward, the coating liquid on the surface of the nanofiltration membranes is squeezed again by two extrusion rollers 10, squeezing out the excess coating liquid. The squeezed-out coating liquid falls onto the upper surface of the partitions 61 and flows back to the main box along the drain trough 62. Inside the main housing 1, after the coating liquid is squeezed and coated, it moves upward to the upper surface of the air guide plate 8. The external hot air supply device continuously supplies air to the surface of the air guide plate 8. The gas blows along the arc-shaped guide block on the air guide plate 8 toward the surface of the nanofiltration membrane for drying. After being blown, the gas is guided to a rotating state by the outer shell 91, which in turn drives the rotating blade 92 to rotate and drives the first rotating wheel 11 to rotate. The first rotating wheel 11 drives the second rotating wheel 122 to rotate, which in turn causes the turbine pump 121 to generate pumping power to circulate the coating liquid inside the main housing 1. After drying, the nanofiltration membrane is rolled up.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus, comprising a main housing (1), characterized in that: The main housing (1) has two guide rollers (2) symmetrically rotated inside. A drying chamber (3) is connected to one side of the top of the main housing (1), and a liquid inlet (4) is connected to the other side. Liquid guide grooves (5) are opened on both sides of the main housing (1), and the liquid guide grooves (5) are connected to an external air supply device. Two isolation components (6) are symmetrically fixed inside the drying chamber (3). Air inlet pipes (7) are symmetrically connected to both sides of the drying chamber (3). Air guide plates (8) are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the interior of the body (1). An arc-shaped guide block is provided above one end of the air guide plate (8) near the middle. A transmission assembly (9) is symmetrically fixedly installed above the interior of the drying chamber (3). A squeezing roller (10) is movably installed inside the drying chamber (3). A first rotating wheel (11) is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission assembly (9). A conveying assembly (12) is fixedly installed outside the main body (1). A driving assembly (13) is movably installed inside the drying chamber (3).

2. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation assembly (6) includes a partition (61), a drain groove (62) is provided on one side of the partition (61), and a guide strip (63) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the partition (61).

3. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition (61) is installed inside the drying chamber (3) on one side higher than the middle side, and the two partitions (61) are spaced apart. The nanofiltration membrane passes through the gap between the two partitions (61). The drain trough (62) is opened through the upper and lower ends of the partition (61) and is located on the adjacent side of the two partitions (61). The guide bar (63) has an inclined structure above it and faces the side where the drain trough (62) is located.

4. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive component (9) includes an outer shell (91), and a rotating blade (92) is rotatably arranged inside the outer shell (91). The outer shell (91) consists of two parts: one part is a cylindrical structure that is fixedly installed inside the drying chamber (3), and the other part is a pointed structure. The blade of the rotating blade (92) located at one end of the cylindrical shape of the outer shell (91) is adapted to the cylindrical shape.

5. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (12) includes a turbine pump (121), a second impeller (122) is installed on one side of the turbine pump (121), a conduit (123) is connected through the turbine pump (121), and a conveying housing (124) is fixedly installed through one end of the conduit (123).

6. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The turbine pump (121) is fixedly installed outside the main housing (1). The second rotating wheel (122) is connected to the first rotating wheel (11) by belt drive. The diameter of the second rotating wheel (122) is smaller than the diameter of the first rotating wheel (11). The guide housing (124) has two slots on one side, which are connected to the liquid guide groove (5) in a sealed manner. The two slots on the guide housing (124) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the nanofiltration membrane in the main housing (1) for conveying.

7. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (13) includes a base shell (131), a back plate (132) is fixedly installed at one end inside the base shell (131), a limit groove (133) is provided on the back plate (132), a locking structure (134) is fixedly installed on one side of the limit groove (133), an external drive motor (135) is fixedly installed on the other side of the back plate (132), a transmission rod (136) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the external drive motor (135), a third rotating wheel (137) is movably sleeved on the transmission rod (136), and a transmission belt (138) is movably sleeved on the third rotating wheel (137).

8. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base shell (131) is fixedly installed outside the main box (1). An electromagnet is provided inside the back plate (132). The size of the end of the transmission rod (136) connected to the external drive motor (135) is smaller than the diameter of the limiting groove (133), and a limiting protrusion is provided on this end. A pair of threaded grooves are symmetrically opened on the other end of the transmission rod (136). The direction of the pair of threaded grooves is opposite. The two ends of the extrusion roller (10) are respectively provided with sleeve end heads. The upper and lower ends of the sleeve end head are embedded with rotating rollers, and the inner middle is provided with internal threads that are threadedly connected to the threaded grooves on the transmission rod (136). The third rotating wheel (137) is provided with protrusions symmetrically on both sides of the end near the locking structure (134). A coil spring is sleeved between the third rotating wheel (137) and the transmission rod (136).

9. The nanofiltration membrane preparation apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking structure (134) includes a base ring (1341), on one side of which a locking pin (1342) is movably installed. The base ring (1341) is fixedly connected to the back plate (132). The locking pin (1342) is composed of multiple densely inserted pins, and an inner spring is provided at one end of the pin located inside the base ring (1341).

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