Boring device for differential shell

Abstract

The invention provides a boring device for a differential shell, and relates to the technical field of boring. The boring device for the differential shell comprises a rack, a clamping mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the rack and used for clamping the differential shell, cutter sliding rails are arranged on the two sides of the rack correspondingly, the cutter sliding rails are arranged in the length direction of the rack, the cutter sliding rails are slidably connected with a cutter base, and the rack is provided with two first drivers; an output shaft of the first drive is connected with one side of the tool base through a ball screw so as to drive the tool base to slide along the tool sliding rail, a second drive is arranged on the upper surface of the tool base, an output shaft of the second drive is fixedly connected with a boring tool, and displacement sensors are arranged in the tool base. The first drive and the second drive are both electrically connected with the central controller, the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the central controller, and the central controller can judge the moving distance of the two tool bases according to displacement data and conduct dynamic compensation so as to ensure that the displacement of the two tool bases can be consistent all the time.

Description

A boring device for a differential housing Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of boring technology, and in particular to a boring device for a differential housing. Background Technology

[0002] The differential housing is a key component of an automotive transmission system. Its ends are typically symmetrically equipped with bearing holes for mounting bearings. The coaxiality, dimensional accuracy, and surface finish of these bearing holes directly affect the assembly quality and operational smoothness of the transmission assembly.

[0003] In related technologies, a typical differential housing boring device uses a single boring unit for sequential machining. The operator first clamps the workpiece onto the machine tool table and uses a single boring bar spindle to bore the bearing hole at one end of the housing. After machining one end, the workpiece is removed from the fixture, reversed, and re-clamped and positioned. Alternatively, the unmachined end of the workpiece can be turned towards the boring bar using the machine tool table's rotation indexing function, and the same boring bar can then be used to machine the bearing hole at the other end. This method relies on the machine tool's precision and the operator's repeated clamping and alignment to try to ensure the positional relationship of the holes at both ends.

[0004] However, existing differential housing boring devices still have the following shortcomings: since the bearing holes at both ends are machined twice by the same tool spindle, the workpiece positioning datum inevitably changes or there is a repeating positioning error between the two machining operations. This error directly leads to the theoretical axes of the two bearing holes being difficult to coincide, meaning that coaxiality cannot be reliably guaranteed. Poor coaxiality will significantly affect the assembly accuracy and transmission performance of the differential assembly, and the tool drive will have displacement errors after long-term operation, making it difficult to ensure that the feed rate is the same for each cut. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a boring device for a differential housing, which solves the problems that a single boring tool needs to bore the differential housing twice, resulting in positioning errors and difficulty in ensuring the same cutting feed rate after the tool drive wears out from long-term operation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application embodiment is as follows: In a first aspect, this application embodiment provides a boring device for a differential housing, which includes a frame, a clamping mechanism provided on the upper surface of the frame for clamping the differential housing, tool slide rails provided on both sides of the frame, the tool slide rails being opened along the length direction of the frame, and tool holders slidably connected to the tool slide rails, the frame being provided with two first drives, the output shafts of the first drives being connected to one side of the tool holders via ball screws to drive the tool holders to slide along the tool slide rails, a second drive provided on the upper surface of the tool holders, the output shafts of the second drives being fixedly connected to boring tools, each tool holder having a built-in displacement sensor, the frame being provided with a central controller, the first drives and the second drives being electrically connected to the central controller, the displacement sensors being electrically connected to the central controller, the central controller being able to determine the moving distance of the two tool holders based on displacement data and perform dynamic compensation to ensure that the displacement of the two tool holders is always consistent.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, in a dual-sided independently driven mechanical structure, the asynchronous feed displacement of the boring tools on both sides, caused by manufacturing tolerances, wear of transmission components, or inconsistent thermal deformation, is addressed. During implementation, the controller collects data from two displacement sensors in real time. Once the difference in displacement between the two sides exceeds a set threshold, it immediately issues an acceleration command to the lagging side's first drive or a deceleration command to the leading side, performing dynamic fine-tuning. This ensures that the depth of cut and feed rate of the two boring tools remain highly consistent throughout the boring process, reducing the difference in cutting volume between the two sides caused by asynchronous feed, and achieving the effect of improving the coaxiality accuracy and hole depth consistency of the two bearing holes.

[0008] In one alternative implementation, the boring tool has a built-in strain gauge force sensor, which is electrically connected to a central controller. The central controller can determine the cutting force based on the sensor data and adjust the rotational speed of the corresponding boring tool to balance the cutting force.

[0009] By employing the above technical solution, during simultaneous boring on both sides, uneven cutting forces on the boring tools can occur due to variations in workpiece blank wall thickness, microscopic differences in material hardness, or different tool wear conditions. This imbalanced cutting force can cause workpiece deformation and vibration, thereby compromising the shape accuracy of the hole and affecting surface quality. The central controller continuously monitors and compares the force sensor signals from both sides. When it detects that the cutting force on one side is significantly greater than that on the other, it finely adjusts the rotational speed of the second drive on that side to achieve balance between the two sides. This improves the stability of the machining process, reduces workpiece deformation and vibration, and ensures the machining geometric accuracy.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, the clamping mechanism includes an inner clamping assembly, which includes a limiting ring located in the middle of the upper surface of the frame and a clamping rod located at the center of the limiting ring. The shape of the limiting ring matches the shape of the differential housing. A third drive is provided inside the frame. The output shaft of the third drive is fixedly connected to the clamping rod to drive the clamping rod to rotate. Several pressure heads are movably connected to the end of the clamping rod. A fourth drive is built into the clamping rod, and the pressure heads are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fourth drive.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, radial initial positioning and circumferential angular positioning are performed using a limiting ring that matches the outer contour of the differential housing, thus determining the precise position of the workpiece on the horizontal plane. Then, the built-in fourth drive is activated, driving multiple pressure heads to extend radially outward and tightly press against the inner wall of the housing, completing the expansion and fixation of the workpiece from the inside. The third drive drives the clamping rod to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate to the appropriate position. The internal expansion clamping provides great clamping rigidity and stability, effectively resisting the boring cutting forces and torques from both sides, reducing the slight displacement or vibration of the workpiece during processing, and achieving the effect of simultaneously improving positioning accuracy and clamping rigidity.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the clamping mechanism further includes an external clamping assembly, which includes a fifth drive and a gripper. The gripper is evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the limiting ring. The gripper is fixedly connected to the frame via a fixed base. The fifth drive is located inside the fixed base, and the output shaft of the fifth drive is fixedly connected to one end of the gripper to drive the gripper to clamp the differential housing.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the internal clamping components complete the positioning and initial fixation, the several jaws distributed on the outer periphery of the limiting ring move synchronously under their respective independent fifth drive action, applying downward clamping force from the non-critical area outside the workpiece. The internal expansion provides centering and main support, while the external jaws provide downward pressure to assist clamping. The two work together to greatly enhance the connection rigidity between the workpiece and the machine tool table, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing clamping stability.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, both the gripper and the pressure head have built-in pressure sensors, which are electrically connected to the central controller, and the working surfaces of both the gripper and the pressure head are provided with elastic pads.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure sensor feeds back the clamping force signal to the central controller in real time. During the clamping process, the controller drives the third, fourth, and fifth drives to stabilize the actual clamping force at the set value, achieving constant force clamping. Simultaneously, the elastic pad covering the clamping surface increases the contact area and friction, and microscopically compensates for unevenness of the contact surface, reducing stress concentration and workpiece surface damage, thus ensuring constant force clamping and reducing stress concentration. In one optional implementation, several chip removal holes are formed on the surface of the frame corresponding to the limiting ring. A collection box is detachably connected inside the frame at the position corresponding to the chip removal holes, and the collection box is designed to avoid interference with the fourth drive.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the chips falling off the workpiece are discharged through multiple chip removal holes in the limiting ring area and enter the collection box suspended inside the lower frame by gravity. The collection box is designed to avoid the drive components of the internal clamping assembly, ensuring that their functions do not interfere with each other. When a certain amount has accumulated, the collection box can be easily removed and emptied, achieving the effect of convenient chip collection.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, a plurality of nozzles are provided on the upper surface of the frame, the nozzles are aligned with the boring part of the differential housing, a cooling box is provided inside the frame, and the nozzles are connected to the cooling box via a delivery hose.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the coolant in the cooling box is distributed to each nozzle through the delivery hose. These nozzles accurately spray the coolant onto the contact area between the boring tool cutting edge and the workpiece, as well as the chip generation area, effectively removing heat from the cutting area, suppressing the temperature rise and wear of the boring tool, and stabilizing the cutting performance of the tool. At the same time, it assists in the breakage and removal of chips, thereby extending the service life of the boring tool and flushing away chips.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the central controller can control the boring tool to periodically pause to achieve chip breaking.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the central controller periodically and briefly interrupts the feed motion while controlling the continuous feed cutting of the boring tool. The cutting thickness changes abruptly or the cutting direction changes, causing the chips to break at the root due to stress concentration, forming short and easy-to-handle small chips. This reduces the chip entanglement problem, ensuring smooth and safe machining process and reducing unplanned downtime caused by chip problems.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By integrating a displacement sensor and a central controller, real-time monitoring and dynamic compensation of the feed displacement of the dual-sided boring tools are achieved. This effectively overcomes the problem of asynchronous feed caused by differences in mechanical transmission components, ensuring that the cutting depth and speed of the boring process on both sides are highly consistent, thereby significantly improving the coaxiality accuracy and hole depth consistency of the bearing holes at both ends of the differential housing, laying a solid foundation for subsequent assembly quality; the device adopts an internal and external composite clamping mechanism and force sensing control, which provides precise positioning and rigid support through contour limiting and internal expansion, and achieves constant force clamping by combining pressure feedback, reducing over-clamping deformation. At the same time, the cooperation of the cutting force sensor and speed regulation can actively balance the load on both sides, suppress machining vibration and workpiece deformation, ensure the geometric accuracy and surface quality of the hole system, and enhance the stability of the machining process; directional cooling spray effectively controls the cutting temperature and extends tool life; the bottom chip removal hole and collection box facilitate automatic chip removal and keep the machining area clean; periodic feed pauses promote chip breaking and prevent entanglement. These measures together reduced human intervention and unplanned downtime, improving continuous operation efficiency and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a boring device for a differential housing.

[0023] Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rack.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Tool slide rail; 3. Tool holder; 4. Boring tool; 5. Nozzle; 6. Limiting ring; 7. Clamping rod; 8. Pressure head; 9. Gripper; 10. Fixing base; 11. Chip removal hole; 12. Collection box; 13. Cooling box; 14. Central controller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. It should be understood that when component A is fixedly connected to component C via component B, changes in the relative positional relationship due to deformation of components A, B, and C are permissible. The integrated structure obtained by the two components through a one-piece molding process means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to connect the two components.

[0028] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0029] The term "multiple" refers to at least two. The term "more than" includes the stated number. The term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0030] This application discloses a boring device for a differential housing.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1, a boring device for a differential housing includes a rectangular frame 1. The frame 1 is made of welded steel structure, with internal reinforcing ribs to ensure overall rigidity, and its upper surface is precision milled to form a flat mounting reference surface.

[0032] A clamping mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the frame 1, which is used to fix the differential housing workpiece during machining. Two tool guideways 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the frame 1 along its length. The tool guideways 2 are high-precision linear guides, with the track direction parallel to the length direction of the frame 1. A tool holder 3 is slidably connected to each tool guideway 2. The bottom of the tool holder 3 has a slider that matches the tool guideway 2, allowing the tool holder 3 to slide smoothly and with low friction along the guideway.

[0033] Two primary drives are mounted on the frame 1. These primary drives are servo motors, fixedly mounted at both ends of the frame 1 via motor mounts. The output shaft of each primary drive is connected to one end of a high-precision ball screw via a coupling. The ball screw is mounted parallel to the tool slide rail 2. The nut of the ball screw is rigidly connected to one side of the corresponding tool holder 3 via a nut seat. When the primary drives operate, they drive the ball screw to rotate, which in turn translates into precise linear motion of the nut and the connected tool holder 3 along the tool slide rail 2.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a second drive is mounted on the upper surface of each tool holder 3. The second drive is a servo motor, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tool holder 3 by bolts. A boring bar 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the second drive through a standard tool holder interface.

[0035] The boring bar 4 has a built-in strain gauge force sensor, which is integrated inside the tool holder near the tool tip. The central controller 14 collects the force sensing signals from both boring bars 4 in real time. When the cutting force on one side of the boring bar 4 is significantly greater than that on the other side due to uneven workpiece blank wall thickness, local hardness differences in the material, or inconsistent tool wear, the central controller 14 identifies this imbalance state through comparison calculation.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1, to avoid affecting the already guaranteed position synchronization accuracy by directly adjusting the feed rate, the central controller 14 instead sends a command to the second drive on the side with the greater cutting force, fine-tuning its spindle speed. For example, it appropriately increases the speed to reduce the amount of material cut per tooth, thereby reducing the cutting force on that side; or it sends a command to the second drive on the side with the smaller cutting force, fine-tuning its speed to bring the cutting forces on both sides closer to balance. This speed adjustment based on real-time force feedback forms an auxiliary control closed loop that suppresses cutting disturbances, thereby improving the dynamic stability of the machining process, reducing workpiece deformation and cutting vibration caused by unbalanced cutting forces, and ensuring the shape accuracy and surface quality of the machined hole.

[0037] Each tool holder 3 has a built-in displacement sensor. The displacement sensor detects the absolute linear displacement of the tool holder 3 relative to the frame 1 in real time and accurately, and converts the position signal into an electrical signal output.

[0038] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the clamping mechanism includes an inner clamping assembly. A limiting ring 6 is machined in the middle of the upper surface of the frame 1. The limiting ring 6 is a raised annular structure whose inner shape precisely matches the outer contour of the differential housing to be processed. It is used to perform radial initial positioning and circumferential angular positioning of the differential housing placed on it, and quickly determine the precise position of the workpiece on the horizontal plane.

[0039] At the center of the limiting ring 6, there is a rotatable clamping rod 7. The clamping rod 7 is arranged vertically, and its lower end extends through the upper surface of the frame 1 into the frame 1. A third drive is installed inside the frame 1. The third drive is a servo motor, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the clamping rod 7 through a coupling, thereby driving the clamping rod 7 to rotate around its own axis.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2, four pressure heads 8 are movably connected to the upper end of the clamping rod 7. These pressure heads 8 are initially retracted at the top of the clamping rod 7. Inside the clamping rod 7, a fourth drive is also built-in. The fourth drive is a miniature electric actuator.

[0041] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the output shaft of the fourth drive is connected to the aforementioned pressure heads 8 via connecting rods. When clamping is required, the central controller 14 controls the fourth drive to extend all pressure heads 8 radially outward simultaneously until they press tightly against the inner wall of the differential housing, thereby completing the tightening and fixing from the inside of the workpiece.

[0042] Referring to Figure 2, before boring, the third drive can also drive the clamping rod 7 and the workpiece that has been initially positioned to rotate a certain angle according to the program instructions, so that the hole to be machined on the workpiece is aligned with the boring tools 4 on both sides.

[0043] This internal clamping method utilizes the enclosing space inside the workpiece to provide clamping force. The clamping point is close to the center of gravity of the workpiece and is symmetrical, providing the workpiece with extremely high clamping rigidity and stability. It can effectively resist the cutting force and torque generated by boring from both sides, significantly reducing the small displacement or elastic vibration that may occur in the workpiece during processing, and achieving a simultaneous improvement in workpiece positioning accuracy and system clamping rigidity.

[0044] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the clamping mechanism further includes an external clamping assembly. This external clamping assembly includes a fifth drive and four grippers 9. The four grippers 9 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the limiting ring 6. Each gripper 9 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the frame 1 via an independent mounting base 10. The fifth drive is mounted inside the mounting base 10 and is a small cylinder. The output shaft of the fifth drive is fixedly connected to one end of each gripper 9.

[0045] Once the internal clamping assembly completes the internal tightening and positioning of the workpiece, the central controller 14 issues a command, and all fifth drives move synchronously, driving their respective grippers 9 to rotate around the fulcrum, causing their other ends to swing downwards, applying a downward clamping force from the non-critical area outside the workpiece.

[0046] At this point, the internal expansion provides the main centering and radial support, while the external downward-pressing jaws 9 provide auxiliary axial clamping force. The two work together to form a clamping force field that combines internal and external forces and provides multi-dimensional constraints. This enhances the overall connection rigidity and anti-overturning moment between the workpiece and the worktable surface of the frame 1, and further ensures the stability and reliability of clamping, especially when subjected to asymmetrical cutting forces.

[0047] Both the gripper 9 and the pressure head 8 have built-in pressure sensors. The pressure sensors are embedded inside the gripping end of the gripper 9 and the contact surface of the pressure head 8. These pressure sensors are electrically connected to the central controller 14 via wires, and feed back the sensed gripping force analog or digital signals to the controller in real time.

[0048] Elastic pads are bonded to both the clamping end working surface of the gripper 9 and the outer contact working surface of the pressure head 8. The elastic pads are made of engineered polyurethane. During clamping, the central controller 14 controls the third, fourth, and fifth drive actions according to the preset clamping force target value, and reads the feedback value of the pressure sensor in real time.

[0049] Referring to Figure 2, when the feedback value reaches the preset range, the drive stops, achieving constant force clamping. The elastic pad increases the contact area and static friction with the workpiece surface, and its softness can microscopically compensate for the unevenness between the workpiece surface and the clamping surface, making the clamping force distribution more uniform, reducing local stress concentration, and effectively preventing the hard grippers 9 from directly crushing the finished surface of the workpiece.

[0050] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a plurality of nozzles 5 are provided on the upper surface of the frame 1. These nozzles 5 are mounted on the frame 1 by brackets, and their spray nozzles are aligned with the bearing holes to be bored on the differential housing.

[0051] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, a cooling tank 13 is installed inside the frame 1, and the cooling tank 13 stores cutting fluid. A liquid pump is built into the cooling tank 13. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the nozzle 5 is connected to the cooling tank 13 via a pressure-resistant delivery hose.

[0052] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a plurality of chip removal holes 11 are provided on the surface of the frame 1 corresponding to the limiting ring 6. These chip removal holes 11 penetrate the upper surface of the frame 1 and are evenly distributed in the area enclosed by the limiting ring 6.

[0053] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, inside the frame 1, directly below these chip removal holes 11, a collection box 12 is bolted on. The collection box 12 is designed in a ring shape to avoid interference with the third drive of the inner clamping assembly located inside the frame 1 and, referring to Figure 2, the lower end of the clamping rod 7 and part of the transmission components, ensuring that the chip removal function and the movement of the clamping mechanism do not interfere with each other.

[0054] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, during the machining process, the metal chips and sprayed coolant generated fall naturally into the collection box 12 below through the chip discharge hole 11 under the action of gravity and the flushing action of the coolant. After machining a certain number of workpieces, referring to Figure 1, the operator can easily open the panel on the side of the frame 1, remove the collection box 12 full of chips for cleaning, and then put it back in its original position.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1, the device includes a central controller 14, which is typically a CNC system and is installed in an electrical cabinet on the side of the machine frame 1. Two first drives and two second drives are electrically connected to the central controller 14 via power cables and control cables, receiving start, stop, speed, and position commands from it. Displacement sensors within the two tool holders 3 are also electrically connected to the central controller 14 via signal cables, continuously sending real-time displacement data to the central controller 14.

[0056] The central controller 14 runs a synchronization control program. This program receives and compares displacement data from two displacement sensors in real time and calculates the displacement difference between them.

[0057] The program has a preset threshold for allowing synchronization error. During machining, once the central controller 14 determines that the real-time displacement difference between the two tool holders 3 exceeds this threshold, it indicates that the feeds on both sides have become asynchronous. At this time, the central controller 14 will immediately send an instantaneous acceleration pulse command to the first drive on the lagging side or an instantaneous deceleration command to the first drive on the leading side through its motion control module, so as to dynamically fine-tune the motion of the two first drives.

[0058] This compensation process continues throughout the entire boring feed stage, forming a fully closed-loop position synchronization control. In this way, it is ensured that the axial movement distance and instantaneous feed speed of the two tool holders 3 remain highly consistent throughout the entire boring process, thereby effectively reducing the difference in cutting amount on both sides caused by the difference in mechanical transmission chain, and improving the coaxiality accuracy and hole depth consistency of the bearing holes at both ends of the differential housing.

[0059] In the machining program where the central controller 14 controls the first drive to perform continuous feed, it periodically inserts brief feed pause commands. For example, after each certain feed distance or time, the controller commands the first drive to pause the feed motion. The brief interruption of feed causes a sudden change in the cutting thickness, resulting in stress concentration at the root of the chip, which then breaks.

[0060] Referring to Figure 2, short chips are easily washed away by the coolant, reducing the risk of long chips getting tangled on the boring bar, workpiece, or fixture, thus ensuring a smooth and safe machining process and significantly reducing unplanned downtime caused by chip entanglement.

[0061] The implementation principle of a boring device for a differential housing in this application embodiment is as follows: a composite clamping mechanism consisting of a limiting ring 6 for initial positioning, an inner support pressure head 8 for centering and tightening, and an outer jaw 9 for auxiliary downward pressing establishes a unique, stable, and highly rigid process reference for the workpiece, reducing repeated positioning errors and resisting cutting force interference.

[0062] Based on this benchmark, the device uses the displacement sensors built into the dual tool holders 3 to provide real-time feedback on their actual feed positions. The central controller 14 continuously compares the data from both sides and dynamically adjusts the speed of the two first drives to form a fully closed-loop position synchronization control loop, ensuring strict synchronization of the two boring tools 4 in the spatial trajectory, thereby guaranteeing the coaxiality and depth consistency of the two holes being machined.

[0063] The force sensor integrated into the boring bar 4 monitors the cutting status in real time. When the system detects an imbalance in the cutting forces on both sides due to uneven material or tool conditions, the central controller 14 intelligently fine-tunes the rotational speed of the corresponding second drive. By changing the cutting parameters, it actively balances the load, suppresses vibration and deformation, and forms a force control loop that improves process stability. The coordinated operation of functions such as directional cooling jet, bottom chip collection, and program-controlled periodic feed pauses effectively manages machining heat, chips, and the process, ensuring the reliability and safety of long-term continuous machining. The entire system achieves precise and intelligent control of the entire process from clamping and cutting to chip removal through multi-loop linkage of sensor perception, controller decision-making, and actuator actions.

[0064] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0065] It should be noted that all the above figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application. All of the above are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A boring device for a differential housing, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the frame (1) is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the differential housing. Tool slide rails (2) are provided on both sides of the frame (1). The tool slide rails (2) are opened along the length of the frame (1). Tool holders (3) are slidably connected to the tool slide rails (2). The frame (1) is provided with two first drives. The output shaft of the first drive is connected to one side of the tool holder (3) through a ball screw to drive the tool holder (3) to slide along the tool slide rail (2). The upper surface of the tool holder (3) is provided with a second drive. The output shaft of the second drive is fixedly connected to a boring bar (4). The tool holders (3) are all equipped with built-in displacement sensors. The frame (1) is provided with a central controller (14). The first drive and the second drive are electrically connected to the central controller (14). The displacement sensors are electrically connected to the central controller (14). The central controller (14) can determine the moving distance of the two tool holders (3) based on the displacement data and perform dynamic compensation to ensure that the displacement of the two tool holders (3) is always consistent.

2. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The boring tool (4) has a built-in strain gauge force sensor, which is electrically connected to the central controller (14). The central controller (14) can determine the cutting force based on the sensor data and adjust the rotation speed of the corresponding boring tool (4) to balance the cutting force.

3. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes an inner clamping assembly, which includes a limiting ring (6) located in the middle of the upper surface of the frame (1) and a clamping rod (7) located at the center of the limiting ring (6). The shape of the limiting ring (6) matches the shape of the differential housing. A third drive is provided inside the frame (1). The output shaft of the third drive is fixedly connected to the clamping rod (7) to drive the clamping rod (7) to rotate. Several pressure heads (8) are movably connected to the end of the clamping rod (7). A fourth drive is built into the clamping rod (7). The pressure head (8) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fourth drive.

4. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism further includes an external clamping assembly, which includes a fifth drive and a gripper (9). The gripper (9) is evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the limiting ring (6). The gripper (9) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) through a fixed seat (10). The fifth drive is located inside the fixed seat (10), and the output shaft of the fifth drive is fixedly connected to one end of the gripper (9) to drive the gripper (9) to clamp the differential housing.

5. A boring device for a differential housing as described in claims 3-4, characterized in that: Both the gripper (9) and the pressure head (8) have built-in pressure sensors, which are electrically connected to the central controller (14). The working surfaces of both the gripper (9) and the pressure head (8) are provided with elastic pads.

6. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (1) has several chip removal holes (11) on its surface corresponding to the limiting ring (6). A collection box (12) is detachably connected inside the frame (1) at the position corresponding to the chip removal holes (11). The collection box (12) is designed to avoid the third drive.

7. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the frame (1) is provided with a number of nozzles (5), which are aligned with the boring part of the differential housing. A cooling box (13) is provided inside the frame (1), and the nozzles (5) are connected to the cooling box (13) through a delivery hose.

8. The boring device for a differential housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller (14) can control the boring tool (4) to periodically pause to achieve chip breaking.

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