Bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted black phosphorus high-temperature-resistant lubricating material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic borate modified black phosphorus nanosheet for a lubricating oil additive, and a preparation method and application of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic borate modified black phosphorus nanosheet. The lubricating material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6 part of black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, 0.6 part of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 1-3 parts of bismuth oxide, the preparation method of the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder comprises the following steps: mixing black phosphorus powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone in an organic solvent, carrying out alternate mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a suspension, centrifuging, taking a precipitate, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder. According to the lubricating material provided by the invention, through a double protection mechanism of bismuth oxide coating and PVP grafting, high-temperature oxidation of black phosphorus is effectively inhibited, and the thermal stability of the material is remarkably improved. The material can still keep a low friction coefficient of 0.18-0.25 at a high temperature of 800 DEG C, and has excellent friction reduction and wear resistance. In addition, the lubricating liquid prepared from the lubricating oil is good in dispersion stability, free of sediment after standing at normal temperature for 7 days and convenient to store and use.

Description

A high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted black phosphorus, its preparation method and application Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lubricating materials technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Current research in high-temperature friction faces technical challenges such as excessive wear and high-temperature oxidation, severely limiting the service life of key matrix materials like titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys under extreme operating conditions. To address this challenge, solid lubrication technology demonstrates unique advantages—by combining single or composite solid lubricants with matrix materials, lubricating composite materials with high-temperature resistance and low friction coefficients can be prepared, effectively alleviating high-temperature friction and wear problems. Currently, research on solid lubricants in this field mainly focuses on two categories: soft metals and two-dimensional layered materials. However, commonly used solid lubricants still suffer from insufficient compatibility, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable service requirements under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

[0003] Specifically, existing high-temperature resistant lubricants based on soft metals and two-dimensional layered materials are prone to softening under high-temperature conditions and easily adhere to and tear with substrate materials such as titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys, ultimately leading to coating peeling and failure. Two-dimensional layered materials such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide mainly rely on weak interlayer van der Waals forces for slip lubrication, but are prone to extrusion failure under high-pressure conditions, resulting in increased wear scar diameter and decreased wear resistance. Although possessing high lubricity, a negative Poisson's ratio, and excellent wear resistance, similar to graphite and molybdenum disulfide, it is easily oxidized or even vaporized at high temperatures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a lubricant material that can mitigate the oxidation rate of black phosphorus at high temperatures.

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a high-temperature resistant lubricating material, preparation method and application of bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted black phosphorus. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a high-temperature resistant lubricating material composed of bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus and a method for preparing the same. The second objective of this invention is to provide applications of the aforementioned lubricating material.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6 parts of black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, 0.6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 1-3 parts of bismuth oxide; the preparation method of the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder is as follows: black phosphorus powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed in an organic solvent, and a suspension is obtained by alternating mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment; the suspension is centrifuged, and the precipitate is vacuum dried to obtain the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder; the mass ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone to black phosphorus powder is 1:1.

[0007] The preparation method of the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material is carried out according to the following steps: 1) the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone powder and bismuth oxide powder are mixed and ball-milled in a mass ratio of 1:1:1-3; 2) the product obtained by ball milling in step 1) is washed and vacuum dried to obtain the target bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material.

[0008] The second objective of this invention is achieved by using the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material in the preparation of high-temperature lubricating coatings.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The lubricating material provided by this invention effectively inhibits the high-temperature oxidation of black phosphorus through a dual protection mechanism of bismuth oxide coating and PVP grafting, significantly improving the thermal stability of the lubricating material. Experiments show that the lubricating material of this invention can still maintain a low coefficient of friction of 0.18-0.25 at a high temperature of 800℃, exhibiting excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties. Furthermore, the lubricating fluid prepared using this material has good dispersion stability, showing no precipitation after standing at room temperature for 7 days, facilitating storage and use. The preparation process of the lubricating material of this invention is simple, it has a wide range of compatible substrates, and it is easy to scale up production. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 5; Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the black phosphorus powder in Example 5; Figure 3 is an XPS spectrum of phosphorus in the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 5; Figure 4 is an XRD spectrum of phosphorus in the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 5; Figure 5 is an image of the lubricant prepared in Example 6; Figure 6 is an image of the coating prepared in Example 6 after curing; Figure 7 is an image of the lubricant prepared in Comparative Example 1; Figure 8 is an image of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 1 after curing; Figure 9 is a friction curve of the coating prepared in Example 6; Figure 10 is an elemental analysis (EDS) distribution of the wear track in the coating prepared in Example 6; Figure 11 is a friction curve of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0012] This invention provides a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6 parts of black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, 0.6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 1-3 parts of bismuth oxide; the preparation method of the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder is as follows: black phosphorus powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed in an organic solvent, and a suspension is obtained by alternating mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment; the suspension is centrifuged, and the precipitate is vacuum dried to obtain the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder; the mass ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone to black phosphorus powder is 1:1.

[0013] Furthermore, the organic solvent is anhydrous ethanol.

[0014] Furthermore, each mechanical stirring session was performed at a power of 45W for 20-30 minutes, and each ultrasonic stirring session was performed at a power of 550W for 10-15 minutes, with the alternation occurring 3-5 times.

[0015] Furthermore, the centrifugation speed was 10,000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 10 min.

[0016] Furthermore, the drying temperature is 45~50℃, and the drying time is 10~12h.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material is carried out according to the following steps: 1) the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone powder and bismuth oxide powder are mixed and ball-milled in a mass ratio of 1:1:1-3; 2) the product obtained by ball milling in step 1) is washed and vacuum dried to obtain the target bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 1), the ball milling speed is 400 rpm and the ball milling time is 13~15 h.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 2), the drying temperature is 45~50℃ and the drying time is 20~22h.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the application of the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material in the preparation of high-temperature lubricating coatings.

[0021] The high-temperature resistant lubricating coating is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of the high-temperature resistant lubricating material of claim 1, 12-13 parts of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, 27-30 parts of deionized water, 1-2 parts of graphite powder, 16-18 parts of low-melting-point glass powder, and 2-3 parts of talc powder.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A method for preparing a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus includes the following steps: 1. Take a clean beaker, add 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) powder and dissolve it in 20ml of anhydrous ethanol, and stir magnetically at room temperature until transparent. Then add 0.6g of black phosphorus powder obtained by high-energy ball milling, and cover the beaker with a layer of plastic wrap.

[0024] 2. Continue magnetic stirring for 20-30 minutes, then sonicate in a 550W ultrasonic machine for 15 minutes. This process needs to be repeated 3-5 times. After completion, a gray-black suspension will be formed.

[0025] 3. After centrifuging the above suspension at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, a gray-black precipitate was formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube.

[0026] 4. Place the precipitate obtained in step 3 in a vacuum drying oven and dry it under vacuum at 50°C for 11 hours to obtain pretreated powder.

[0027] 5. Place 0.6g of pretreated powder, 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 0.6g of bismuth oxide in a ball mill jar at a mass ratio of 1:1:1 (ball-to-material ratio of 500:15) and ball mill at 400 rpm for 13 hours.

[0028] 6. The grayish-brown powder obtained after ball milling (Figure 1) was washed 5 times with anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 45°C for 20 hours to obtain the target bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material BP / Bi2O3 composite material.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A lubricating coating based on the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material of Example 1 is prepared as follows: 1. Take 10 ml of deionized water and mix it with 12 g of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, and then stir it magnetically at 550 rpm for 1 h to obtain a uniform and transparent adhesive solution.

[0031] 2. Take 17 portions of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 700 rpm, slowly add 4g of the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 1, and continue stirring at 700 rpm for 10 hours to obtain a gray-black solution.

[0032] 3. Using a dropper, add the adhesive solution from step 1 to the solution from step 2, stirring at 700 rpm. After the addition is complete, slowly add 1g of graphite powder, 16g of low-melting-point glass powder, and 2g of talc powder in sequence. After all powders have been added, stir continuously at 850 rpm for 6 hours.

[0033] 4. After stirring, add 1 ml of defoamer and stir at 800 rpm for 30 minutes.

[0034] 5. After the obtained lubricant is dripped onto the zirconium alloy disk and evenly covered on the surface of the zirconium alloy disk, the zirconium alloy disk is placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum dried at 45°C for 10 hours to cure the coating and obtain the target lubricating coating.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A method for preparing a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus includes the following steps: 1. Take a clean beaker, add 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) powder and dissolve it in 20ml of anhydrous ethanol, and stir magnetically at room temperature until transparent. Then add 0.6g of black phosphorus powder obtained by high-energy ball milling, and cover the beaker with a layer of plastic wrap.

[0037] 2. Continue magnetic stirring for 20-30 minutes, then sonicate in a 550W ultrasonic machine for 15 minutes. This process needs to be repeated 3-5 times. After completion, a gray-black suspension will be formed.

[0038] 3. After centrifuging the above suspension at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, a gray-black precipitate was formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube.

[0039] 4. Place the precipitate obtained in step 3 in a vacuum drying oven and dry it under vacuum at 50°C for 11 hours to obtain pretreated powder.

[0040] 5. Take 0.6g of pretreated powder, 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 1.8g of bismuth oxide and place them in a ball mill jar at a mass ratio of 1:1:3 (ball-to-material ratio of 500:15) and ball mill at 400rpm for 15h.

[0041] 6. The grayish-brown powder obtained after ball milling (Figure 1) was washed 5 times with anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 48°C for 21 hours to obtain the target bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material BP / Bi2O3 composite material.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] A lubricating coating based on the high-temperature lubricating material of bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus in Example 3 is prepared as follows: 1. Take 10 ml of deionized water and mix it with 13 g of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, and then stir it magnetically at 550 rpm for 1 h to obtain a uniform and transparent adhesive solution.

[0044] 2. Take 18 ml of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 700 rpm, slowly add 3 g of the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 3, and continue stirring at 700 rpm for 10 h to obtain a gray-black solution.

[0045] 3. Using a dropper, add the adhesive solution from step 1 to the solution from step 2, stirring at 700 rpm. After the addition is complete, slowly add 1.5g of graphite powder, 17g of low-melting-point glass powder, and 2.5g of talc powder in sequence. After all powders have been added, stir continuously at 850 rpm for 5-6 hours.

[0046] 4. After stirring, add 1.5ml of defoamer and stir at 800rpm for 30min.

[0047] 5. After the obtained lubricant is dripped onto the zirconium alloy disk and evenly covers the surface of the zirconium alloy disk, the zirconium alloy disk is placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum dried at 55°C for 12 hours to cure the coating and obtain the target lubricating coating.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] A method for preparing a high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus includes the following steps: 1. Take a clean beaker, add 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) powder and dissolve it in 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and stir magnetically at room temperature until transparent. Then add 0.6g of black phosphorus powder obtained by high-energy ball milling (Figure 2), and cover the beaker with a layer of plastic wrap.

[0050] 2. Continue magnetic stirring for 20-30 minutes, then sonicate in a 550W ultrasonic machine for 15 minutes. This process needs to be repeated 3-5 times. After completion, a gray-black suspension will be formed.

[0051] 3. After centrifuging the above suspension at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, a gray-black precipitate was formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube.

[0052] 4. Place the precipitate obtained in step 3 in a vacuum drying oven and dry it under vacuum at 50°C for 10-12 hours to obtain the pretreatment powder for measurement.

[0053] 5. Take 0.6g of pretreated powder, 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 1.2g of bismuth oxide and place them in a ball mill jar at a mass ratio of 1:1:2 (ball-to-material ratio of 500:15) and ball mill at 400rpm for 14h.

[0054] 6. The grayish-brown powder obtained after ball milling (Figure 1) was washed five times with anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50°C for 22 hours to obtain the target bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material BP / Bi2O3 composite material (Figure 1). Comparing the morphological characteristics of the black phosphorus powder in Figure 2, it can be seen from Figure 1 that a layer of Bi2O3 is adsorbed on the surface of the black phosphorus. Further X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed on the obtained BP / Bi2O3 composite material, and the results are shown in Figures 3 and 4, respectively. The XPS data in Figure 3 shows that after ball milling, the P element shows a low binding energy double peak at 126.65 eV and 127.5 eV, which confirms that the lattice core structure of black phosphorus was not destroyed and was completely preserved; at the same time, the P element shows a high binding energy broad peak at 130.31 eV. Based on the XRD analysis results in Figure 4, the strongest diffraction peak corresponding to phosphorus is C3H6N6P2O7, indicating that coordination bonds are formed between phosphorus atoms on the surface of black phosphorus and PVP molecular chains.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] A lubricating coating based on the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material of Example 5 is prepared as follows: 1. Take 10 ml of deionized water and mix it with 12.5 g of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, and then stir it magnetically at 550 rpm for 1 h to obtain a uniform and transparent adhesive solution.

[0057] 2. Take 20 ml of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 700 rpm, slowly add 3.5 g of the BP / Bi2O3 composite material prepared in Example 5, and continue stirring at 700 rpm for 10 h to obtain a gray-black solution.

[0058] 3. Using a dropper, add the adhesive solution from step 1 to the solution obtained in step 2, stirring at 700 rpm. After the addition is complete, slowly add 2g of graphite powder, 18g of low-melting-point glass powder, and 3g of talc powder in sequence. After all powders have been added, stir continuously at 850 rpm for 5 hours.

[0059] 4. After stirring, add 2 ml of defoamer and stir at 800 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain the lubricating fluid. The appearance of the lubricating fluid after standing at room temperature for 7 days is shown in Figure 5. As can be seen from Figure 5, the lubricating fluid did not show obvious stratification and has good dispersion stability.

[0060] 5. After the freshly prepared lubricant is dripped onto the zirconium alloy disk and evenly covers the surface of the zirconium alloy disk, the zirconium alloy disk is placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum dried at 50°C for 12 hours to cure the coating, thus obtaining the target lubricating coating, as shown in Figure 6.

[0061] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 6 is that in step 2, the BP / Bi2O3 composite material is replaced by BP, PVP, and Bi2O3, while the other steps are the same as in Example 6. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Take 10 ml of deionized water and mix it with 12.5 g of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, and then stir it magnetically at 550 rpm for 1 h to obtain a uniform and transparent adhesive solution.

[0062] 2. Take 20ml of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 700rpm, slowly add 0.6g of black phosphorus, 1.2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 1.2g of bismuth oxide, and continue stirring at 700rpm for 10 hours to obtain a black color.

[0063] 3. Using a dropper, add the adhesive solution from step 1 to the solution from step 2, stirring at 700 rpm. After the addition is complete, slowly add 2g of graphite powder, 18g of low-melting-point glass powder, and 3g of talc powder in sequence. After all powders have been added, stir continuously at 850 rpm for 5-6 hours.

[0064] 4. After stirring, add 2 ml of defoamer and stir at 800 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain the lubricating fluid. The appearance of the lubricating fluid after standing at room temperature for 7 days is shown in Figure 7. As can be seen from Figure 7, the lubricating fluid that has not been grafted with polyvinylpyrrolidone shows obvious stratification.

[0065] 5. After the obtained lubricant is dripped onto the zirconium alloy disk and evenly covers the surface of the zirconium alloy disk, the zirconium alloy disk is placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum dried at 55°C for 12 hours to cure the coating, thus obtaining the target lubricating coating, as shown in Figure 8.

[0066] Test Example 1: Tribological performance test of the lubricating coating prepared in Example 6. 1. The tribological properties of the lubricating coatings prepared in Example 6 and Comparative Example 1 were tested on an MFT-5000 (RTEC, USA) high-temperature friction tester. The load was 10 N, the rotation speed was 30 r / min, the rotation radius was 15 mm, and the paired ball was a silicon nitride ceramic ball (radius 9.525 mm). The friction test was conducted at 800 °C for 15 min and the friction cycle lasted for 600 s.

[0067] Results Analysis: As shown in Figure 9, the coating prepared in Example 6 exhibited a good stability and decreasing trend in its coefficient of friction throughout the entire friction process at 800℃. After initial fluctuations, the coefficient of friction continued to decrease with the progress of the test, eventually stabilizing at a low level below 0.25, demonstrating excellent high-temperature friction reduction performance and stability. In contrast, the coefficient of friction of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 1 remained above 0.4 throughout the entire process, and the coefficient of friction continued to increase with the progress of friction until friction failure (Figure 11).

[0068] 2. To investigate the causes of performance differences, surface scanning energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was conducted on the wear area of ​​the lubricating coating of Example 6 after the friction performance test was completed. As shown in Figure 10, after the high temperature friction test, the characteristic signal of P element can still be detected on the wear surface of the coating of Example 6. Combined with the test differences in the friction coefficient of the coating, it can be seen that the black phosphorus component contained in the coating of Comparative Example 1 did not play a lubricating role during the friction process.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus, characterized in that, The lubricating material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6 parts black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, 0.6 parts polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 1-3 parts bismuth oxide; the preparation method of the black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder is as follows: black phosphorus powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed in an organic solvent, and a suspension is obtained by alternating mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment; the suspension is centrifuged, and the precipitate is vacuum dried to obtain black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder; the mass ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone to black phosphorus powder is 1:

1.

2. The high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic solvent is anhydrous ethanol.

3. The high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each mechanical stirring session was performed at a power of 45W for 20-30 minutes, and each ultrasonic stirring session was performed at a power of 550W for 10-15 minutes, with the alternation occurring 3-5 times.

4. The high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugation speed was 10,000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 10 min.

5. The high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 45~50℃, and the drying time is 10~12h.

6. The method for preparing the high-temperature resistant lubricating material of bismuth oxide coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted with black phosphorus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process is as follows: 1) The black phosphorus / polyvinylpyrrolidone composite powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone powder and bismuth oxide powder are mixed and ball-milled in a mass ratio of 1:1:1-3; 2) The product obtained from ball milling in step 1) is washed and vacuum-dried to obtain a high-temperature lubricating material with target bismuth oxide coated polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted black phosphorus.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1), the ball milling speed is 400 rpm and the ball milling time is 13~15 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 2), the drying temperature is 45~50℃ and the drying time is 20~22h.

9. The application of the bismuth oxide-coated polyvinylpyrrolidone-grafted black phosphorus high-temperature lubricating material of claim 1 in the preparation of high-temperature lubricating coatings.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant lubricating coating is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of the high-temperature resistant lubricating material of claim 1, 12-13 parts of fast-dissolving sodium silicate powder, 27-30 parts of deionized water, 1-2 parts of graphite powder, 16-18 parts of low-melting-point glass powder, and 2-3 parts of talc powder.

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