Comprehensive test system for judging explosion propagation of energetic material mixed liquid pipeline

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of material safety testing, and discloses a comprehensive testing system for judging energetic material mixed liquid pipeline explosion propagation, which comprises a testing module, a detonation velocity measuring module, an overpressure measuring module, a video monitoring module, a synchronous triggering module and a data acquisition module, and is characterized in that the testing module comprises a testing pipe, a plastic plug and an initiating explosive column; the detonation velocity measurement module comprises a detonation velocity sensor; the overpressure measurement module comprises a shock wave overpressure sensor; the video monitoring module comprises an anti-explosion shelter and a high-speed camera; the synchronous trigger module comprises a metal target wire and a trigger body, and the metal target wire is wound on the initiating explosive column; the data acquisition module comprises a data acquisition instrument, and the detonation velocity sensor, the shock wave overpressure sensor, the high-speed camera and the trigger body are all connected to the data acquisition instrument. The explosion velocity, overpressure and image measurement modules are integrated, multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and cooperative comparison of explosion shock wave velocity, external overpressure and real-time images are realized, and the credibility of a judgment result is high.

Description

A comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials safety testing technology, and in particular to a comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials. Background Technology

[0002] The safe production, storage, transportation, and use of energetic materials (such as various explosives and propellants) are the cornerstone of many sectors of national defense and the national economy. Accurate measurement of their explosive and safety properties is crucial for ensuring application safety, guiding formulation design, and optimizing processes. In the safety assessment of pipeline transportation of energetic material mixtures, precisely determining whether pipeline explosion will occur under given conditions is the primary core safety issue to be addressed.

[0003] Existing methods for testing the propagation of explosives in pipelines containing energetic materials mostly rely on single or limited observation dimensions, essentially relying on indirect inference and failing to form a mutually corroborating chain of evidence. For example, the endpoint effect method infers the internal explosion intensity by examining macroscopic damage such as overall pipeline tearing and perforation, but cannot distinguish between localized intense combustion and stable detonation propagation; the external overpressure threshold method determines whether overpressure meets the standard by measuring overpressure using a single pressure sensor outside the pipeline, making it difficult to identify the source of overpressure, resulting in large data fluctuations, and failing to reflect the propagation state of the shock wave within the pipeline; and the isolated observation method, using only high-speed photography or a few internal sensors, lacks unified high-precision time synchronization, leading to an inaccurate temporal correlation between internal state, external effects, and macroscopic images, resulting in fragmented data and insufficient scientific rigor and reliability.

[0004] Furthermore, existing technical solutions lack specific designs for harsh environments in real explosions: most systems do not consider the survivability of equipment under high-impact, multi-fragmentation environments, and data acquisition is easily interrupted due to equipment damage; at the same time, they lack adaptability designs for energetic material mixtures (such as waterproof sealing requirements), making it difficult to apply them safely and reliably in tests simulating real working conditions.

[0005] Therefore, existing pipeline explosion determination methods generally suffer from defects such as a single chain of evidence, high risk of misjudgment, and inability to reveal physical processes. Furthermore, they are out of touch with actual engineering scenarios and the systems are highly vulnerable in high-risk environments, making it difficult to meet the needs of industrial-grade safety assessments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials, comprising the following modules: a testing module, including a test tube, one end of which is sealed with a plastic plug and the other end is equipped with an initiating explosive charge, the test tube being used to hold an energetic material mixture; a detonation velocity measurement module, including a detonation velocity sensor installed inside the test tube, the detonation velocity sensor being used to sense the explosion shock wave inside the test tube after the explosion; an overpressure measurement module, including several shock wave overpressure sensors installed around the test tube, the shock wave overpressure sensors being used to capture the shock wave overpressure in the air outside the test tube after the explosion; and a video monitoring module, including an explosion-proof shelter located away from the test tube and a high-speed camera installed inside the explosion-proof shelter, the high-speed camera... The camera is used to capture real-time images after the explosion; the synchronous triggering module includes a metal target wire and a trigger body, the trigger body being arranged in a safe area away from the test tube, the metal target wire being wound around the detonating charge and connected at both ends to a miniature connector, the miniature connector being connected to the trigger body via a wire; the data acquisition module includes a data acquisition instrument arranged in a safe area away from the test tube, the data acquisition instrument being a high sampling rate multi-channel synchronous acquisition instrument, the detonation velocity sensor, shock wave overpressure sensor, high-speed camera, and trigger body being connected to the data acquisition instrument via transmission cables, after the detonating charge is detonated and breaks the metal target wire, the trigger body detects the open circuit signal and synchronously triggers the detonation velocity sensor, shock wave overpressure sensor, high-speed camera, and data acquisition instrument to work.

[0008] Furthermore, the detonation velocity sensor is a linear sensor, with its probe parallel to the axis of the test tube and in close contact with the inner wall of the test tube, and its metal lead wire passing through the plastic plug.

[0009] Furthermore, the plastic plug has a pre-drilled hole, and the metal lead of the explosion velocity sensor passes through the plastic plug and is filled with silicone.

[0010] Furthermore, four shock wave overpressure sensors are provided. The first shock wave overpressure sensor is 1m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube. The second shock wave overpressure sensor is 2m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube. The third shock wave overpressure sensor is 1m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube. The fourth shock wave overpressure sensor is 2m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure-sensing surface of the shock wave overpressure sensor is perpendicular to or points towards the axis of the test tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the explosion-proof shelter is constructed of reinforced concrete or steel plate, with an observation window provided. The observation window contains explosion-proof glass, and the lens axis of the high-speed camera passes through the explosion-proof glass inside the observation window and is aligned with the test tube.

[0013] Furthermore, an integrated cabinet is set up in a safe area away from the test tube. The data acquisition instrument and the trigger body are both set up in the integrated cabinet. An industrial control computer is also set up in the integrated cabinet. The data acquisition instrument is connected to the industrial control computer via a data cable.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this application, a test module, a detonation velocity measurement module, an overpressure measurement module, a video monitoring module, a synchronous triggering module, and a data acquisition module are set up, integrating the three-dimensional measurement modules of detonation velocity, overpressure, and image, realizing the synchronous acquisition and collaborative comparison of multiple parameters of explosion shock wave velocity, external overpressure, and real-time image, forming a complete chain of evidence, effectively avoiding misjudgment caused by a single observation method, accurately distinguishing between local combustion and stable detonation, and the judgment result has high credibility.

[0015] 2. In this application, by winding the metal target wire of the synchronization trigger module around the detonating charge, the explosion of the detonating charge breaks the metal target wire to trigger the trigger body, thus realizing a physical synchronization trigger mechanism. This ensures that all measurement modules and acquisition modules start up in a unified manner, guaranteeing the absolute uniformity and reliability of the time reference of data in all dimensions under strong electromagnetic interference from the source, and enabling complete tracing of the physical process of the propagation and development of the explosion.

[0016] 3. In this application, the high-speed camera is placed in an explosion-proof shelter, and the data acquisition instrument, trigger body and other equipment are integrated in an integrated cabinet in a safe area. A special silicone sealing solution is designed for the sensor wiring hole, which not only ensures the safety of personnel and equipment, but also prevents leakage of energetic material mixture liquid, and is suitable for high-risk testing environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system layout according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the test tube and its internal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plastic plug according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position arrangement of the shock wave overpressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Test tube; 2. Plastic plug; 3. Detonating charge; 4. Detonation velocity sensor; 5. Shock wave overpressure sensor; 6. Explosion-proof shelter; 7. High-speed camera; 8. Reserved hole; 9. Integrated cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1-4, this application discloses a comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines. The system includes six core modules: a testing module, a detonation velocity measurement module, an overpressure measurement module, a video monitoring module, a synchronization triggering module, and a data acquisition module. These modules work together to complete the entire process of testing and determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines.

[0021] Specifically, the test module is the core carrier for simulating the explosion propagation conditions of energetic material mixtures in pipelines. It includes a test tube 1, a plastic plug 2, and a detonating charge 3. The test tube 1 adopts a tubular structure with materials and specifications matching those of actual industrial pipelines. It is used to hold the energetic material mixture, providing a simulated environment for the occurrence of explosion propagation. One end of the test tube 1 is sealed with a plastic plug 2, which is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant engineering plastic to ensure that the energetic material mixture does not leak during the test. The other end of the test tube 1 is equipped with a detonating charge 3. The detonating charge 3 uses an initiating agent compatible with the energetic material mixture to provide initial detonation energy, triggering the explosion or detonation reaction of the energetic material mixture, simulating the detonation scenarios that may occur during actual pipeline transportation.

[0022] The detonation velocity measurement module includes a detonation velocity sensor 4 installed inside the test tube 1. The detonation velocity sensor 4 is used to sense the explosion shock wave inside the test tube 1 after the explosion. The shock wave signal it collects can directly reflect the propagation speed of the explosion inside the pipe, and is one of the core bases for determining whether a stable explosion propagation has occurred.

[0023] The detonation velocity sensor 4 is a linear sensor with a length of 0.9m, ensuring coverage of the critical monitoring area for shock wave propagation. Its length can be adjusted as needed according to the actual length of the test tube. The probe of the detonation velocity sensor 4 is parallel to the axis of the test tube 1 and closely attached to the inner wall of the test tube 1, ensuring that the direction of shock wave propagation is horizontal with the probe. This arrangement ensures that the probe can accurately capture the leading edge signal of the shock wave and avoids signal distortion caused by probe protrusion or tilting. The metal lead of the detonation velocity sensor 4 passes through the plastic plug 2. To ensure sealing performance, a reserved hole 8 is provided on the plastic plug 2. After the metal lead of the detonation velocity sensor 4 passes through the plastic plug 2, it is filled and sealed with silicone and then cured. This prevents the energetic material mixture from leaking from the reserved hole 8 and also fixes the metal lead, preventing the lead from shaking during the test and affecting signal transmission.

[0024] The overpressure measurement module includes several shock wave overpressure sensors 5 set around the periphery of the test tube 1. The shock wave overpressure sensors 5 are used to capture the shock wave overpressure in the air outside the test tube 1 after the explosion. By analyzing the peak value and distribution pattern of the overpressure, the module helps to verify the occurrence state of the explosion transmission in the pipeline.

[0025] In this embodiment, four shock wave overpressure sensors 5 are arranged in a differentiated manner and fixed by rigid clamps. The first shock wave overpressure sensor 5 is 1m away from the center of the test tube 1, and the line connecting the first sensor 5 to the center of the test tube 1 forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube 1. The second sensor 5 is 2m away from the center of the test tube 1, and the line connecting the second sensor 5 to the center of the test tube 1 forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube 1. The third sensor 5 is 1m away from the center of the test tube 1, and the line connecting the third sensor 5 to the center of the test tube 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube 1. The fourth sensor 5 is 2m away from the center of the test tube 1, and the line connecting the fourth sensor 5 to the center of the test tube 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube 1. This arrangement can simultaneously capture overpressure signals along the pipe axis and perpendicular to the axis, covering overpressure distributions at different distances and angles, providing comprehensive data support for subsequent data correlation analysis.

[0026] Furthermore, the pressure-sensing surface of the shock wave overpressure sensor 5 is perpendicular to or points towards the axis of the test tube 1 to ensure that the pressure-sensing surface can receive the explosion shock wave signal to the maximum extent, reduce signal attenuation, and improve the accuracy of overpressure measurement.

[0027] The video monitoring module includes an explosion-proof shelter 6 located away from the test tube 1 and a high-speed camera 7 installed inside the explosion-proof shelter 6. The high-speed camera 7 is used to capture real-time images after the explosion, visually recording macroscopic deformation, damage, and detonation product ejection phenomena of the test tube 1, providing visual evidence for the determination of the explosion propagation.

[0028] The explosion-proof shelter 6 is constructed of reinforced concrete or steel plates, possessing excellent impact and fragmentation resistance, ensuring the high-speed camera 7 can operate normally even under harsh conditions of explosion impact and flying fragments. An observation window is provided on the explosion-proof shelter 6, containing multiple layers of explosion-proof glass. The high-speed camera 7 is fixed inside the shelter via a pan-tilt unit, with its lens axis passing through the explosion-proof glass within the observation window and aimed at the test tube 1. This design does not obstruct the high-speed camera 7's field of view, effectively protects it from damage, and ensures that the high-speed camera 7 can fully capture the overall state and local details of the test tube 1 during the explosion process, providing direct visual evidence for explosion propagation determination.

[0029] The synchronous triggering module is the core component for enabling the unified activation of all measurement and acquisition modules, ensuring that data such as detonation velocity, overpressure, and imagery are acquired on the same timeline. It comprises a metal target wire and a trigger body. To ensure operator safety, the trigger body is positioned in a safe area away from test tube 1. The metal target wire is wound around the detonating charge 3, with both ends connected to miniature connectors. These miniature connectors are connected to the trigger body via wires, forming a closed loop. When the detonating charge 3 detonates, the blast wave first breaks the metal target wire wound around it, causing the closed loop to open. The trigger body continuously monitors the circuit's continuity.

[0030] The data acquisition module is used to receive and transmit all test data, and is the core hardware support for realizing multi-parameter synchronous analysis. It includes a data acquisition unit located in a safe area away from test tube 1. The detonation velocity sensor 4, shock wave overpressure sensor 5, high-speed camera 7, and trigger unit are all connected to the data acquisition unit via transmission cables. The data acquisition unit is a high-sampling-rate, multi-channel synchronous acquisition unit, whose sampling rate and number of channels are adapted to the acquisition requirements of transient explosion signals. It can simultaneously receive the shock wave velocity signal from the detonation velocity sensor 4, the overpressure signal from the shock wave overpressure sensor 5, and the image signal from the high-speed camera 7. When the explosive charge detonates and breaks the metal target wire, the trigger unit detects the open circuit signal and synchronously triggers the detonation velocity sensor 4, shock wave overpressure sensor 5, high-speed camera 7, and data acquisition unit to operate, realizing the synchronous start-up of all devices, eliminating the time difference between modules from the source, and ensuring accurate correlation of data in the time dimension.

[0031] To achieve centralized management and data processing of the equipment, an integrated cabinet is set up in a safe area away from test tube 1. The data acquisition unit and trigger body are integrated and installed in the integrated cabinet, which also houses an industrial control computer. The data acquisition unit is connected to the industrial control computer via a data cable. The industrial control computer is equipped with dedicated data processing software, which can receive all raw data transmitted by the data acquisition unit, and perform functions such as data time calibration, collaborative comparison, and curve plotting. Finally, based on multi-parameter correlation analysis, it outputs clear judgment conclusions such as "stable detonation transmission," "local combustion," and "detonation transmission interruption," and generates a complete test report.

[0032] The working principle of a comprehensive testing system for determining the detonation propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines in this embodiment is as follows: Test preparation: Inject the energetic material mixture to be tested into the test tube 1, seal one end of the test tube 1 with a plastic plug 2, insert the detonation velocity sensor 4 through the reserved hole 8 and seal it with silicone to ensure no leakage; install the detonating charge 3 at the other end of the test tube 1, wrap the metal target wire around it and complete the circuit connection with the miniature connector and the trigger body; arrange the shock wave overpressure sensor 5, high-speed camera 7, data acquisition instrument, trigger body, and industrial control computer, and complete the circuit connection and debugging of each device.

[0033] Synchronous Triggering: Upon powering on the system, the industrial control computer and data acquisition instrument enter standby mode. The detonating charge 3 is triggered, generating an initial shock wave that first severs the metal target wire wrapped around it, causing a circuit break in the circuit containing the trigger body. Upon detecting the circuit break, the trigger body converts it into a step electrical signal and immediately transmits it to the data acquisition instrument. This step electrical signal serves as the unified start command for the entire system, achieving hardware-level synchronization. This method does not rely on easily interfered software instructions or wireless signals, and stably controls the overall system synchronization error within 30 microseconds, providing a solid guarantee for the accurate correlation of multi-source data on a microscopic time scale.

[0034] Multi-parameter acquisition: Upon receiving a step electrical signal, the data acquisition instrument immediately initiates data recording for each channel and simultaneously triggers the operation of the detonation velocity sensor 4, shock wave overpressure sensor 5, and high-speed camera 7. The detonation velocity sensor 4 captures the propagation signal of the explosion shock wave inside the test tube 1 and transmits it to the data acquisition instrument; the four shock wave overpressure sensors 5 simultaneously acquire shock wave overpressure signals at different positions and angles outside the test tube 1 and transmit them to the data acquisition instrument; the high-speed camera 7 captures real-time images of the explosion process in the test tube 1 and transmits them to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument synchronously buffers and transmits all received signals.

[0035] Data Processing and Judgment: The industrial control computer receives the raw data transmitted by the data acquisition instrument and processes the data through dedicated software. It performs time calibration on the detonation velocity data, overpressure data, and image data to ensure that the three are correlated on the same time axis. Based on the detonation velocity data, it calculates the shock wave propagation speed to determine whether the supersonic detonation threshold has been reached. Combining the peak value and distribution pattern of the overpressure data, it verifies the internal explosion intensity. By analyzing high-speed images, it observes the macroscopic deformation, damage, and other characteristics of test tube 1. Finally, through multi-parameter collaborative comparison, it outputs the detonation propagation judgment conclusion and generates a test report.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials, characterized in that, The system includes the following modules: a testing module, comprising a test tube sealed at one end with a plastic plug and a detonating charge at the other end, the test tube containing a mixture of energetic materials; a detonation velocity measurement module, comprising a detonation velocity sensor disposed within the test tube, the detonation velocity sensor being used to sense the blast shock wave within the test tube after the explosion; and an overpressure measurement module, comprising several shock wave overpressure sensors disposed around the test tube, the shock wave overpressure sensors being used to capture the shock wave overpressure in the air outside the test tube after the explosion. The video monitoring module includes an explosion-proof shelter located away from the test tube and a high-speed camera installed inside the explosion-proof shelter. The high-speed camera is used to capture real-time images after the explosion. The synchronous triggering module includes a metal target wire and a trigger body. The trigger body is located in a safe area away from the test tube. The metal target wire is wound around the detonating charge and its two ends are connected to a miniature connector. The miniature connector is connected to the trigger body through a wire. The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition instrument arranged in a safe area away from the test tube. The data acquisition instrument is a high sampling rate multi-channel synchronous acquisition instrument. The detonation velocity sensor, shock wave overpressure sensor, high-speed camera, and trigger body are all connected to the data acquisition instrument through transmission cables. After the detonating charge is detonated, it breaks the metal target wire. After the trigger body detects the circuit break signal, it synchronously triggers the detonation velocity sensor, shock wave overpressure sensor, high-speed camera, and data acquisition instrument to work.

2. The comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation velocity sensor is a linear sensor. The probe of the detonation velocity sensor is parallel to the axis of the test tube and closely attached to the inner wall of the test tube. The metal lead of the detonation velocity sensor passes through the plastic plug.

3. The comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The plastic plug has a pre-drilled hole, and the metal lead of the explosion velocity sensor passes through the plastic plug and is filled with silicone.

4. The comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of energetic material mixtures in pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four shock wave overpressure sensors are provided. The first shock wave overpressure sensor is 1m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube. The second shock wave overpressure sensor is 2m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube forms a 10° angle with the axis of the test tube. The third shock wave overpressure sensor is 1m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube. The fourth shock wave overpressure sensor is 2m away from the center of the test tube, and the line connecting the shock wave overpressure sensor to the center of the test tube is perpendicular to the axis of the test tube.

5. A comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The pressure-sensing surface of the shock wave overpressure sensor is perpendicular to or points towards the axis of the test tube.

6. The comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof shelter is made of reinforced concrete or steel plate and has an observation window. The observation window is fitted with explosion-proof glass, and the lens axis of the high-speed camera passes through the explosion-proof glass inside the observation window and is aimed at the test tube.

7. The comprehensive testing system for determining the explosion propagation of a pipeline containing energetic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An integrated cabinet is set up in a safe area away from the test tube. The data acquisition instrument and the trigger body are both set up in the integrated cabinet. An industrial control computer is also set up in the integrated cabinet. The data acquisition instrument is connected to the industrial control computer via a data cable.

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