Adsorption regeneration structure-based deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater regeneration treatment, and discloses a phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption regeneration structure, the phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device comprises a placing part, the placing part comprises a tank body, the bottom of the tank body is fixedly provided with a supporting seat, and the bottom of the tank body is fixedly communicated with a communicating pipe; and the other end of the communicating pipe is fixedly communicated with an RO membrane tank. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on the adsorption regeneration structure can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, an adsorbent supporting layer of a traditional wastewater purification device is of a fixed plane structure, the straight surface cannot play an effective role in guiding, retarding or dispersing falling wastewater, and consequently the wastewater cannot be effectively purified under the action of gravitational potential energy. The problem that soluble phosphate is difficult to fully intercept due to the fact that a path with the minimum natural selection resistance vertically falls, the phenomena of vertical direct discharge and short flow easily occur, the wastewater purification path is short, the contact time of wastewater and an adsorbent is short and the utilization rate of the adsorbent is low in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial wastewater regeneration and treatment technology, specifically to a deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater based on an adsorption-regeneration structure. Background Technology

[0002] Phosphate is a common pollutant in wastewater from industries such as phosphorus chemical industry, fertilizer production, and electroplating. High-concentration discharge of phosphate can lead to eutrophication of water bodies and seriously damage the aquatic ecological environment. With the rapid development of the water resource recycling industry, higher requirements have been placed on the deep purification and resource utilization of industrial wastewater, especially high-concentration phosphate wastewater. Phosphate wastewater treatment is a key link in promoting green manufacturing and the circular economy.

[0003] In existing technologies, the adsorbent support layer of traditional wastewater purification devices has a fixed planar structure. This flat surface cannot effectively guide, impede, or disperse the falling wastewater. As a result, the wastewater naturally chooses the path of least resistance and falls vertically under the influence of gravitational potential energy, which easily leads to vertical discharge and short-flow phenomena. The wastewater purification path is short, and the contact time between the wastewater and the adsorbent is short, resulting in low adsorbent utilization and difficulty in fully retaining soluble phosphates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater based on an adsorption-regeneration structure. This device effectively solves the problem that in traditional wastewater purification devices, the adsorbent support layer is a fixed planar structure. This flat surface cannot effectively guide, impede, or disperse the falling wastewater, causing the wastewater to naturally choose the path of least resistance and fall vertically under the influence of gravitational potential energy. This easily leads to vertical discharge, short flow, short wastewater purification path, short contact time between wastewater and adsorbent, low adsorbent utilization rate, and difficulty in fully retaining soluble phosphates.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater based on an adsorption-regeneration structure, comprising: The placement part includes a tank body, a support base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tank body, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tank body, and an RO membrane tank is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe. The purification section includes a partition structure disposed inside the tank body for placing the adsorbent. The partition structure includes a central seat, an annular plate, and side plates. The axis of the central seat coincides with the axis of the tank body. The outer circumferential surface of the side plates is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank body. Multiple annular plates are provided and distributed circumferentially around the central seat. A surrounding plate is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the annular plate. The surrounding plate and the annular plate are integrally molded. A movable part is provided on the lower surface of the annular plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner circumferential wall of one of the annular plates on the side closer to the tank's axis is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the central seat, while the outer circumferential surface of one of the surrounding plates on the side farther from the tank's axis is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the side plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable component includes a limiting rod, and the lower surfaces of the side plate and the annular plate are fixedly connected to the limiting rod. The lower surfaces of the annular plate and the center seat are fixedly connected to a bushing block that slides against the outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod. The bottom end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to a limiting block.

[0008] Furthermore, vertical filter plates are slidably connected to the outer surface of the enclosure, and a vertical cylinder is slidably connected to the outer surface of the central seat. Multiple vertical filter plates are provided, evenly distributed circumferentially around the tank's axis. A connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outer ends of all the vertical filter plates. Each annular plate corresponds to four vertical filter plates, with gaps reserved between adjacent vertical filter plates. The gaps between the multiple annular plates are staggered circumferentially to prevent short circuits in the purification process. The connecting ring allows for synchronous lifting and lowering of multiple vertical filter plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the height of the vertical filter plate is higher than that of the surrounding plate, the height of the vertical cylinder is higher than that of the central seat, filter holes are provided inside the annular plate and the side plate, the interior of the vertical filter plate adopts a hollow design, and the interior of the vertical cylinder also adopts a hollow design.

[0010] Furthermore, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the tank, and a main shaft is internally connected to the drive motor. The bottom end of the main shaft passes through the tank and is fixedly connected to a key. Two sets of key are provided, and the two sets of key are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft. A slot one is opened in the middle of the center seat, and a slot two is opened in the middle of the vertical cylinder. The slot one and slot two are staggered at a 90-degree angle with the center line of the tank as the center. Chamfers are provided at the openings of the slot one and slot two.

[0011] Furthermore, a support arm is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the vertical cylinder. The support arm adopts a stepped design, with the highest point of the support arm located at one end close to the center line of the tank body. The upper surface of the support arm is in contact with the lower surface of the connecting ring located at the bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, a support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank. The support plate adopts a stepped design, with its highest point located on the side away from the tank's axis. A notch is formed on the upper surface of the support plate, and a chamfer is formed at the edge of the notch. The supporting arms and the support plate are staggered at a 90-degree angle with respect to the tank's axis.

[0013] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention incorporates a baffle structure, consisting of a central seat, multiple annular plates, and side plates. During purification, this baffle structure exhibits a convex shape, higher in the center and lower around the edges, thus changing the traditional single-mode vertical direct flow of wastewater. Driven by gravity, the wastewater flows smoothly along a stepped slope that gradually decreases from the central seat to the side plates, forming a stepped purification path: the central seat, the inner annular plate, the vertical filter plates on the outer circumference of the inner annular plate, the outer annular plate, the vertical filter plates on the outer circumference of the outer annular plate, and the side plates. This flow path presents a stepped permeation flow from high to low, and from the center to the circumference, maximizing mass transfer efficiency, significantly extending the residence time of wastewater in the tank, avoiding short-circuiting and channeling phenomena, and maximizing the contact area and reaction time between the wastewater and the adsorbent, thereby significantly improving the removal rate of soluble phosphates and suspended solids. By combining the differential ratio design of the annular plate filter holes being smaller than the perforated mesh of the vertical filter plate, the filter holes not only intercept the adsorbent in advance to prevent loss, but also reduce water flow resistance and avoid the accumulation of suspended solids by utilizing the large-diameter mesh, preventing fine debris from clogging the mesh and ensuring the long-term unobstructed purification path.

[0014] 2. This invention allows the baffle structure to flexibly switch between convex and concave shapes depending on the wastewater turbidity and clogging status. When the baffle structure is switched to a concave shape with a lower center and higher edges, the flow-guiding characteristics of the concave slope force light suspended solids and colloidal impurities that are difficult to settle in the wastewater to be collected in the low-lying area above the central seat, floating on the surface of the central liquid, rather than dispersing inside the tank or adhering to the surface of the annular filter plate or the vertical filter plate mesh. This directional sludge-collecting design avoids the accumulation and clogging of suspended solids on the surface of the filter media, ensuring smooth wastewater flow.

[0015] 3. During the backwashing stage, the main shaft drives a precise switch from a convex shape to a concave shape with a low center and high edges. This change in baffle structure offers several advantages: First, the relative displacement between layers caused by the convex-to-concave deformation pre-loosens and breaks up the tightly packed adsorbent layer that has been compressed under pressure in the convex state. This dissipates the compacted clumps without additional external force, completely opening up the blocked adsorption pores and clearing obstacles for the subsequent full penetration of backwash water. Second, the concave structure creates a converging flow pattern with a low center, forcing the backwash water to concentrate and surge upwards along the central area, preventing water dispersion and loss, and significantly improving the backwash efficiency. The powerful and wide-ranging flow of the water effectively washes the adsorbent from all angles, thoroughly desorbing surface-enriched phosphates and trapping suspended solids. Simultaneously, the concave shape causes the annular plates to fall back and adhere to the support plate, with interlocking movable parts ensuring the stability and non-deformation of the baffle structure during backwashing, preventing adsorbent leakage due to turbulent flow. Finally, after deformation, the vertical filter plates and vertical cylinder are in an upwardly convex and extended state, allowing impurities accumulated in the filter holes and the perforated mesh of the vertical filter plates to be removed during backwashing. Combined with the concave shape's sludge-gathering properties, the desorbed waste and suspended solids quickly collect in the central area, allowing for a complete and thorough discharge with the water flow after backwashing, leaving no residue. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the tank and connecting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the support plate, partition plate structure, and main shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure and support plate from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft, key, vertical cylinder, and support arm according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the vertical cylinder and the central seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the separated structure of the vertical cylinder, the central seat, and the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular plate, the surrounding plate, the movable part, and the vertical filter plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Placement section; 11. Tank body; 111. Connecting pipe; 12. Support base; 13. RO membrane tank; 2. Purification section; 21. Partition structure; 211. Center seat; 2111. Groove one; 212. Annular plate; 2121. Filter hole; 213. Side plate; 214. Enclosure plate; 215. Vertical filter plate; 2151. Connecting ring; 216. Vertical cylinder; 2161. Groove two; 2162. Support arm; 22. Moving part; 221. Limiting rod; 222. Bushing block; 223. Limiting block; 23. Main shaft; 231. Protruding key; 24. Support plate; 241. Notch. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0021] Example: Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater based on an adsorption-regeneration structure, comprising: Placement part 1 includes a tank 11, a support base 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tank 11, a connecting pipe 111 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tank 11, and an RO membrane tank 13 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe 111. Purification section 2 includes a partition structure 21 disposed inside the tank 11 for placing adsorbent. The partition structure 21 includes a central seat 211, an annular plate 212 and a side plate 213. The axis of the central seat 211 coincides with the axis of the tank 11. The outer circumferential surface of the side plate 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank 11. Multiple annular plates 212 are provided and distributed circumferentially around the central seat 211. A surrounding plate 214 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the annular plate 212. The surrounding plate 214 and the annular plate 212 are integrally molded. A movable part 22 is provided on the lower surface of the annular plate 212.

[0022] The inner circumference of an annular plate 212 on the side near the center line of the tank body 11 is in contact with the outer circumference of the center seat 211, and the outer circumference of a surrounding plate 214 on the side away from the center line of the tank body 11 is in contact with the inner circumference of the side plate 213.

[0023] The movable component 22 includes a limiting rod 221. The lower surfaces of the side plate 213 and the annular plate 212 are all fixedly connected to the limiting rod 221. The lower surfaces of the annular plate 212 and the center seat 211 are all fixedly connected to a bushing block 222 that slides with the outer circumference of the limiting rod 221. The bottom end of the limiting rod 221 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 223.

[0024] A vertical filter plate 215 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the enclosure 214, and a vertical cylinder 216 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the center seat 211. Multiple vertical filter plates 215 are provided, and the multiple vertical filter plates 215 are evenly distributed around the center line of the tank body 11. The outer ends of the multiple vertical filter plates 215 are fixedly connected to a connecting ring 2151.

[0025] The vertical filter plate 215 is higher than the surrounding plate 214, the vertical cylinder 216 is higher than the center seat 211, the annular plate 212 and the side plate 213 are both provided with filter holes 2121, and the interior of the vertical filter plate 215 adopts a hollow design.

[0026] A drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the tank body 11. The drive motor is internally connected to a main shaft 23. The bottom end of the main shaft 23 passes through the tank body 11 and is fixedly connected to a key 231. There are two sets of key 231. The two sets of key 231 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft 23. A slot 1 2111 is opened in the middle of the center seat 211, and a slot 2161 is opened in the middle of the vertical cylinder 216. The slot 1 2111 and the slot 2161 are staggered at a 90-degree angle with the center line of the tank body 11 as the center.

[0027] A support arm 2162 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the vertical cylinder 216. The support arm 2162 adopts a stepped design. The highest point of the support arm 2162 is located at one end close to the axis of the tank body 11. The support arm 2162 fits against the lower surface of the connecting ring 2151 located at the bottom.

[0028] A support plate 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank body 11. The support plate 24 adopts a stepped design, and the highest point of the support plate 24 is located on the side away from the axis of the tank body 11. A notch 241 is opened on the upper surface of the support plate 24. The support arm 2162 and the support plate 24 are staggered at a 90-degree angle with the axis of the tank body 11 as the center.

[0029] Initial static state: In the purification section 2, the partition structure 21, which is composed of a central seat 211, multiple layers of annular plates 212, and side plates 213, initially has a concave shape with a low center and high edges. The central seat 211, each layer of annular plates 212, and side plates 213 are placed on the upper surface of the support plate 24 in sequence from bottom to top, and the layered stable support is achieved by relying on the stepped structure of the support plate 24. Meanwhile, the highest point of the protrusion in the middle of the support arm 2162 is flush with the surface of the recess in the middle of the support plate 24, and the support arm 2162 and the support plate 24 are vertically distributed. At this time, the support arm 2162 is in a suspended state. The support arm 2162, which adopts a structure that is high in the middle and low on both sides, does not apply any supporting force to the partition structure 21, which is in a low middle and high surrounding shape. This avoids structural interference between the support arm 2162 and the partition structure 21 and the support plate 24, ensuring that the partition structure 21 falls back smoothly and fits the support plate 24. At the same time, it does not affect the function of collecting suspended matter and guiding backwash water flow in the concave state.

[0030] At the same time, the vertical cylinder 216, the vertical filter plate 215 and the connecting ring 2151 that is integrally connected to their bottom ends are all attached to the bottom end of the inner wall of the notch 241 of the support plate 24. Under the support and limitation of the bottom end of the inner wall of the notch 241, the vertical cylinder 216 protrudes from the upper surface of the center seat 211 and the vertical filter plate 215 protrudes from the upper surface of the corresponding annular plate 212, and the whole is in an unfolded and protruding state.

[0031] With the drive motor in a stopped state, the spindle 23 is in its initial low position. A set of protruding keys 231 on its outer surface are distributed at a 90-degree angle to the slot 2111 of the center seat 211 (without any close support relationship); a set of protruding keys 231 on the lower surface coincides with the slot 2161 of the vertical cylinder 216. The lower protruding keys 231 can slide freely axially inside the slot 2161 without circumferential jamming interference.

[0032] The feeding stage of adsorbent filling: Before loading, the drive motor is started, driving the main shaft 23 to rise vertically upward along the axis of the tank 11. During the upward movement of the main shaft 23, a set of protruding keys 231 gradually comes into contact with the lower surface of the center seat 211, and the protruding keys 231 and the slot 1 2111 are always perpendicularly distributed at a 90-degree angle. The lifting force of the protruding keys 231 drives the center seat 211 to move upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the center seat 211, the limiting rod 221 of the movable part 22 slides and engages with the bushing block 222, driving each layer of annular plates 212 to rise step by step. The side plates 213 remain fixed to the inner wall of the tank 11. Finally, the partition structure 21 is slidably deformed from the initial concave shape to a convex shape with a high center and low sides, which meets the shape requirements for loading.

[0033] During the lifting process of the main shaft 23, the center seat 211 moves upward synchronously, while the vertical cylinder 216 slides down relative to the outer surface of the center seat 211 under its own gravity. The axial distance between the second slot 2161 and the first slot 2111 increases, and the vertical cylinder 216, the vertical filter plate 215, and the connecting ring 2151 fall back synchronously. After being freed from the support of the notch 241, they slide down under the action of gravity until the upper surfaces of the vertical cylinder 216 and the vertical filter plate 215 gradually approach the upper surfaces of the annular plate 212 and the center seat 211, and are in a downward contraction state, eliminating the protrusion obstruction and clearing obstacles for material feeding.

[0034] The granular adsorbent is poured evenly from the top inlet of the tank 11, and a slow, multi-stage feeding method is used to prevent the adsorbent from rolling excessively to the outside, ensuring that the adsorbent filling thickness and density above the side plate 213 and each layer of annular plate 212 are uniform, without local accumulation or cavity problems.

[0035] During the feeding stage, the partition structure 21 is adjusted to a convex shape (high in the center and low around the edges). The side plates 213 remain fixed, the upper surface of the center seat 211 is at its highest position, and the height of the multi-layered annular plates 212 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, with the upper surface of the outermost annular plate 212 being higher than the upper surface of the side plates 213. At this time, in the movable part 22, the bottom end bushing block 222 of the center seat 211 is fitted onto the bottom end limiting rod 221 of the innermost annular plate 212, and the upper surface of the bushing block 222 is in contact with the lower surface of the innermost annular plate 212; between adjacent annular plates 212, the bushing block 222 of the inner annular plate 212 is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod 221 of the outer annular plate 212; the bushing block 222 of the outermost annular plate 212 is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod 221 at the bottom end of the side plate 213, and the upper surface of the bushing block 222 is in contact with the lower surface of the side plate 213. The partition structure 21 maintains a stable convex shape as a whole.

[0036] If the vertical cylinder 216, vertical filter plate 215, and connecting ring 2151 protrude above the annular plate 212 or the central seat 211 during this stage, the protruding parts will form physical obstructions, occupy the upper space, reduce the feed channel, and increase the feeding resistance. This will cause the adsorbent to be unable to be evenly distributed to each layer of annular adsorption chambers, resulting in local accumulation and cavity phenomena, and reducing the adsorbent packing density. At the same time, the adsorbent will collide with the protruding vertical cylinder 216, vertical filter plate 215, and connecting ring 2151 during the falling process, which will easily cause wear of the parts, shorten their service life, and also cause the adsorbent to break. After the adsorbent is filled, the drive motor drives the main shaft 23 to rotate 90 degrees. As the main shaft 23 rotates, a set of protruding keys 231 located on the outer circumference of the main shaft 23 gradually changes from a 90-degree angle distribution with the slot 1 2111 to coincide with it. Simultaneously, a set of protruding keys 231 below rotates with the main shaft 23 and changes from coinciding with the slot 2 2161 to a 90-degree angle distribution. The upper surface of the lower protruding keys 231 is attached to the lower surface of the vertical cylinder 216.

[0037] Continue to control the spindle 23 to move slightly upward. Since the upper surface of the lower key 231 is in contact with the lower surface of the vertical cylinder 216, the spindle 23 moves upward and lifts the vertical cylinder 216 through the lower key 231. At this time, the center seat 211 is affected by its own weight, and the center seat 211 and the vertical cylinder 216 generate relative movement. The distance between the two gradually decreases, and the axial distance between the slot 2161 and the slot 1 2111 becomes smaller. At the same time, the upper key 231 passes through the slot 1 2111 and is located above the center seat 211.

[0038] As the vertical cylinder 216 moves upward, it simultaneously lifts the bottom stepped support arm 2162 upward. The support arm 2162 supports multiple connecting rings 2151, thereby driving all vertical filter plates 215 to move upward along the outer surface of the enclosure 214 until the vertical cylinder 216 and vertical filter plates 215 are fully unfolded and raised, returning to the limited position, in preparation for the subsequent purification process.

[0039] The purification process of phosphoric acid wastewater: The partition structure 21 is maintained in a stable convex shape, high in the middle and low around the edges. The vertical cylinder 216 and vertical filter plate 215 remain fully extended and protruding, firmly limiting the adsorbent above each layer of annular plates 212 and preventing adsorbent slippage and leakage. The phosphoric acid wastewater to be purified is uniformly introduced into the tank 11 through the top inlet. Under the action of gravity and water pressure, the wastewater flows and is purified layer by layer along a preset stepped progression path: First, the wastewater falls onto the upper surface of the central seat 211, where the adsorbent in the central area initially intercepts large suspended impurities and some dissolved phosphates, completing the first-stage pretreatment; then, the wastewater flows along the slope of the stepped structure into the adsorption layer above the inner annular plate 212, making deep contact with the lower layer of adsorbent; next, the wastewater flows through the vertical plane corresponding to the horizontal plane of the inner annular plate 212. The filter plate 215 has a perforated mesh to achieve uniform water distribution and continue to guide the flow to the periphery. The wastewater then enters the horizontal plane of the outer annular plate 212, where it undergoes further purification through permeation with the corresponding adsorbent. It then flows through the perforated mesh of the vertical filter plate 215 corresponding to the horizontal plane of the outer annular plate 212, completing the final water distribution. Finally, the wastewater flows into the adsorbent-filled layer above the side plate 213, collects through the filter holes 2121 inside the side plate 213 to the bottom cavity of the tank 11, and is guided into the RO membrane tank 13 through the connecting pipe 111. After deep desalination and phosphorus removal via reverse osmosis, it meets the discharge standards. The support base 12 supports the tank 11 and provides space for the path of the connecting pipe 111.

[0040] The filter holes 2121 on the horizontal plane of the annular plate 212 of this device have a smaller diameter than the perforated mesh of the vertical filter plate 215. The perforated mesh of the vertical filter plate 215 only serves to distribute and guide water flow. The larger diameter of the filter holes 2121 reduces water flow resistance and prevents local accumulation of suspended solids. Combined with the pre-interception function of the filter holes 2121, it prevents adsorbent leakage and improves wastewater flow efficiency. This pore size ratio prevents fine adsorbent debris from clogging the mesh of the vertical filter plate 215, ensuring long-term operation without clogging and maintaining the smooth flow of the stepped purification path.

[0041] During this process, the partition structure 21 maintains a stepped convex shape with a high center and low periphery. The heights of the central seat 211, inner annular plate 212, outer annular plate 212, and side plate 213 decrease progressively. Driven by gravity, the wastewater flows naturally from high to low and from the axis to the periphery along the slope, without any reverse backflow. Secondly, the pore size 2121 of the annular plate 212 is smaller than the perforated mesh of the vertical filter plate 215, and the pores 2121 are closely fitted with the adsorbent layer. The wastewater permeation resistance is greater than the circumferential flow resistance. Combined with the uniform flow guiding effect of the staggered gaps of the vertical filter plate 215, the wastewater is further guided to first diffuse in a circumferential stepwise manner and then permeate downwards, avoiding vertical short-circuiting. The wastewater slowly permeates layer by layer along the convex stepped slope throughout the process, without turbulent short-circuiting. The contact time between the adsorbent and the wastewater is maximized, which can efficiently remove soluble phosphates, suspended phosphides, and organic impurities in the wastewater, achieving deep purification of phosphoric acid wastewater.

[0042] During the purification process, the convex and concave states of the baffle structure 21 can be flexibly switched according to the turbidity and clogging status of the wastewater, taking into account both deep phosphorus removal and anti-clogging requirements to achieve continuous and stable purification. When the baffle structure 21 is in a concave state with a low center and high perimeter, the central seat 211 and each layer of annular plates 212 fall back to the upper surface of the support plate 24. At this time, the incompletely purified wastewater flows along the slope of the concave structure from the outer annular plates 212 and side plates 213 to the central seat 211 area, forming a central convergence path. At the same time, the light suspended solids and colloidal impurities that are difficult to settle in the wastewater are guided to the low-lying area in the center of the baffle structure 21. The light suspended solids that are difficult to filter in the wastewater are automatically collected in the middle area of ​​the baffle structure 21 under the guiding effect of the concave structure, avoiding the attachment of suspended solids to the surface of the filter holes 2121 and vertical filter plates 215 and causing clogging, thus ensuring smooth wastewater flow.

[0043] During the adsorption and purification process of phosphoric acid wastewater, the vertical cylinder 216, vertical filter plate 215, and connecting ring 2151 are kept in an upward convex state relative to the central seat 211 and annular plate 212, which limits the adsorbent and prevents the adsorbent from sliding off the central seat 211 and annular plate 212 to the outside during the feed stage of phosphoric acid wastewater under the action of lateral impact force. This also prevents the wastewater from bypassing the adsorbent and flowing downwards through the inner annular plate 212 without adsorbent participating in the adsorption reaction on the upper surface of the inner annular plate 212 and the central seat 211, thus avoiding short-flow phenomena and achieving deep phosphorus removal, thereby improving the purification compliance rate.

[0044] The process of adsorbent backwashing and regeneration: In traditional fixed-bed or moving-bed adsorption devices, the adsorbent is typically in a static, stacked state. Because phosphoric acid wastewater often contains high concentrations of suspended solids and viscous impurities, adsorbent particles are prone to sticking together and depositing after prolonged operation, forming clumps. This caking not only significantly increases the internal fluid resistance of the device, leading to a decrease in treatment efficiency, but also hinders sufficient contact between the wastewater and the adsorbent surface, creating a "channeling" phenomenon that affects the effluent quality.

[0045] When the adsorbent becomes saturated and the purification efficiency decreases, the water intake is stopped and the backwashing process is started. First, the main shaft 23 is linked to the baffle structure 21 to break up the agglomerates. Then, the backwashing water flow is used to desorb and regenerate the adsorbent, completely breaking up the compacted agglomerates and stripping away the enriched phosphates.

[0046] The drive motor is started to drive the main shaft 23 to move vertically downward. Relying on the transmission action of the main shaft 23, the partition structure 21 is driven to gradually change from an inward convex shape to an inward concave shape with a low center and high sides. The relative displacement generated by the shape change is used to pre-break the tightly packed adsorbent layer in the convex state, clearing obstacles for subsequent backwashing.

[0047] During the downward movement of the main shaft 23, the upper convex key 231 and the slot 1 2111 of the center seat 211 remain aligned, and are distributed at a 90-degree angle with the slot 2161 of the vertical cylinder 216, without circumferential motion interference. After the partition structure 21 is completely deformed into a concave shape, the height of the upper convex key 231 is higher than the upper surface of the center seat 211. Then, the main shaft 23 is rotated 90 degrees by the drive motor, so that the upper convex key 231 and the slot 1 2111 become perpendicular. The convex key 231 applies a stable downward pressing force to the center seat 211. At the same time, the support plate 24 of the inner wall of the tank 11 forms an upward supporting force on the center seat 211. The bidirectional force ensures that the center seat 211 is stably positioned.

[0048] In this state, the bushing block 222 at the bottom of the center seat 211 is tightly fitted to the upper surface of the limiting block 223 below the innermost annular plate 212. The bushing block 222 exerts a downward pulling force on the innermost annular plate 212, forcing the lower surface of the innermost annular plate 212 to be tightly fitted to the upper surface of the support plate 24. The sequential linkage of the moving parts 22 below the multi-layer annular plates 212 causes each annular plate 212 to be subjected to force at each level, ultimately achieving that the lower surfaces of all annular plates 212 are tightly fitted to the upper surface of the support plate 24, locking the concave shape of the partition structure 21, and completely loosening and dispersing the adsorbent agglomerates. When the partition structure 21 is in a concave shape, the side plate 213 remains fixed, the upper surface of the center seat 211 is at its lowest position, and the height of the multi-layer annular plates 212 gradually increases from the inside to the outside, with the upper surface of the outermost annular plate 212 being lower than the upper surface of the side plate 213. At this point, the multi-layered annular plate 212 sinks down in stages, forming a concave collection structure in the middle, which facilitates the backwash water flow to flush the adsorbent and desorb the enriched phosphides.

[0049] After the baffle structure 21 is locked in a concave shape, backwash water is introduced in reverse through the valve body in the connecting pipe 111 at the bottom of the tank 11, and sprays upward along the middle of the concave structure. The water flow penetrates the pre-loosened adsorbent layer layer by layer, further impacting and breaking up the residual clumps, completely opening up the pores of the adsorbent, and simultaneously desorbing the phosphates enriched on the surface of the adsorbent and the trapped suspended solids. The main shaft 23 can be rotated slightly to help disturb the adsorbent layer, increase the contact area between the backwash water and the adsorbent, and improve the regeneration effect.

[0050] Backwash water carries away desorbed impurities and phosphates, forming backwash wastewater. After backwashing, the backwash wastewater and waste residue are quickly discharged with the water flow. After morphology-switched assisted backwashing, the pores of the adsorbent are completely cleared, and the adsorption capacity is efficiently restored, enabling repeated regeneration and reuse. This eliminates the need for frequent adsorbent replacement, significantly reducing material costs and maintenance workload, and extending the continuous operation cycle of the unit.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep purification device for phosphoric acid wastewater based on an adsorption-regeneration structure, characterized in that, include: Placement part (1), the placement part (1) includes a tank (11), a support base (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tank (11), a connecting pipe (111) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tank (11), and an RO membrane tank (13) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe (111). Purification section (2), the purification section (2) includes a partition structure (21) disposed inside the tank body (11) for placing adsorbent. The partition structure (21) includes a central seat (211), an annular plate (212) and a side plate (213). The axis of the central seat (211) coincides with the axis of the tank body (11). The outer circumferential surface of the side plate (213) is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank body (11). Multiple annular plates (212) are provided. Multiple annular plates (212) are distributed circumferentially around the central seat (211). A surrounding plate (214) is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the annular plate (212). The surrounding plate (214) and the annular plate (212) are integrally molded. A movable part (22) is provided on the lower surface of the annular plate (212).

2. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall of one of the annular plates (212) on the side closer to the center line of the tank (11) is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the center seat (211), and the outer circumferential surface of one of the surrounding plates (214) on the side farther from the center line of the tank (11) is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the side plate (213).

3. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable component (22) includes a limiting rod (221). The lower surfaces of the side plate (213) and the annular plate (212) are fixedly connected to the limiting rod (221). The lower surfaces of the annular plate (212) and the center seat (211) are fixedly connected to a bushing block (222) that slides against the outer circumference of the limiting rod (221). The bottom end of the limiting rod (221) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (223).

4. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vertical filter plate (215) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the enclosure plate (214), and a vertical cylinder (216) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the center seat (211). Multiple vertical filter plates (215) are provided, and the multiple vertical filter plates (215) are evenly distributed around the center line of the tank body (11). The outer ends of the multiple vertical filter plates (215) are fixedly connected to a connecting ring (2151).

5. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical filter plate (215) is higher than the surrounding plate (214), the vertical cylinder (216) is higher than the center seat (211), the annular plate (212) and the side plate (213) are both provided with filter holes (2121), and the interior of the vertical filter plate (215) adopts a hollow design.

6. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the tank (11). The drive motor is internally connected to a main shaft (23). The bottom end of the main shaft (23) passes through the tank (11) and is fixedly connected to a key (231). There are two sets of key (231). The two sets of key (231) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft (23). The center seat (211) has a slot one (2111) in the middle. The vertical cylinder (216) has a slot two (2161) in the middle. The slot one (2111) and the slot two (2161) are staggered at a 90-degree angle with the center line of the tank (11).

7. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower surface of the vertical cylinder (216) is fixedly connected to a support arm (2162), which adopts a stepped design. The highest point of the support arm (2162) is located at one end close to the center line of the tank body (11).

8. The phosphoric acid wastewater deep purification device based on an adsorption-regeneration structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support plate (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the tank (11). The support plate (24) adopts a stepped design. The highest point of the support plate (24) is located on the side away from the axis of the tank (11). A notch (241) is opened on the upper surface of the support plate (24).

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