Method and device for improving transverse wave data quality, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a method and device for improving the quality of transverse wave data, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The method for improving the transverse wave data quality comprises the following steps: acquiring original seismic data generated by seismic waves generated by each seismic source in a plurality of seismic sources; according to the original seismic data, obtaining reverse seismic source data related to the original seismic data; constructing a virtual seismic source according to the reverse seismic source data; according to the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source, obtaining data subjected to interference processing through the virtual seismic source; and generating transverse wave data with improved quality according to the multiple pieces of data subjected to interference processing through the virtual seismic source. According to the method, a reverse seismic source signal interference mechanism is adopted to construct a reverse seismic source signal, and the reverse seismic source signal is used as a virtual seismic source to perform interference processing with the original seismic data, so that the quality of the target transverse wave data can be effectively enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration technology, specifically relating to a method and apparatus, storage medium and electronic equipment for improving the quality of shear wave data. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geophysical exploration, shear wave data plays an irreplaceable role in accurately identifying subsurface lithology, fluid distribution, and complex geological structures. However, shear wave data itself has relatively weak energy and is severely mixed with various types of noise. In related technologies, when processing raw seismic data containing shear waves, it is difficult to effectively separate and enhance the effective shear wave data, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios and blurred effective information in the final shear wave data, seriously affecting the accurate characterization of subsurface structures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a triggering method that can effectively improve the quality of shear wave data itself, fundamentally improving its clarity and usability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for improving the quality of shear wave data, wherein the shear wave data is wavefield data used to characterize underground geological structures. The method for improving the quality of shear wave data includes: acquiring raw seismic data generated by seismic waves produced by each of multiple seismic sources; acquiring reverse source data related to the raw seismic data based on the raw seismic data; constructing a virtual source based on the reverse source data; acquiring data after interferometry processing by the virtual source based on the raw seismic data and the virtual source; and generating improved quality shear wave data based on the multiple data after interferometry processing by the virtual source.

[0004] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for improving the quality of shear wave data. The shear wave data is wavefield data used to characterize underground geological structures. The apparatus for improving the quality of shear wave data includes: an acquisition unit for acquiring raw seismic data generated by seismic waves produced by each of a plurality of seismic sources; a first processing unit for acquiring reverse source data related to the raw seismic data based on the raw seismic data; a second processing unit for constructing a virtual source based on the reverse source data; a third processing unit for acquiring data processed by virtual source interferometry based on the raw seismic data and the virtual source; and a fourth processing unit for generating improved quality shear wave data based on the multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry.

[0005] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for improving the quality of shear wave data as described in the first aspect.

[0006] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for improving transverse wave data quality as described in the first aspect.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method for improving the quality of shear wave data proposed in this invention can effectively extract and significantly enhance shear wave data from raw seismic data, which is wavefield data used to characterize underground geological structures. This invention first acquires raw seismic data generated by seismic waves excited by multiple seismic sources. The raw seismic data refers to mixed vibration records containing shear waves and various noises, acquired through a seismic detector array.

[0008] After obtaining the raw seismic data, this invention obtains reverse source data based on the raw seismic data. The above process refers to processing the source response data and constructing new data. Then, this reverse source data is used to construct a virtual source, that is, the reverse source data is regarded as an equivalent source propagating backward from the receiving point.

[0009] After constructing a virtual seismic source, the virtual source is interferometrically processed with the original seismic data. Virtual source interferometry is a core concept in seismic interferometry, referring to the mathematical processing that transforms a receiver point in the seismic record into a virtual source point, thereby reconstructing the seismic wavefield. This technique does not rely on the actual source location, but rather simulates a new source-receiver combination using wavefield information recorded by existing receivers, achieving subsurface imaging or wavefield reconstruction. Through interferometric processing, this invention effectively identifies and enhances shear wave components with similar wavefield characteristics to the virtual source, while suppressing irrelevant random noise, thus obtaining processed data.

[0010] Subsequently, multiple different processed data are processed to generate improved shear wave data. This invention effectively eliminates the noise components common to different data, significantly enhances the uncorrelated characteristics of the shear wave signal, and thus obtains shear wave field information with a significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio.

[0011] In summary, the method for improving the quality of shear wave data proposed in this invention employs a reverse source signal interferometry mechanism to construct reverse source data and use it as a virtual source to interfere with the original seismic data. This interferometry mechanism effectively enhances the target shear wave data while utilizing the correlation characteristics of the data to suppress noise and interference, providing a novel technical approach to improving the quality of shear wave data and significantly enhancing the detectability and accuracy of shear wave data in complex noisy environments.

[0012] This invention obtains improved shear wave data based on data processed by virtual source interferometry. It can specifically eliminate common components in noise and interference, retaining and enhancing the effective information of the shear wave data, thus improving data clarity and identifiability. Through the above processing steps, this invention can obtain significantly improved shear wave data, providing a reliable data foundation for generating high-precision seismic profile images and accurate geological interpretation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 One of the flowcharts illustrating a method for improving shear wave data quality according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 The image of the transverse wave obtained in the related technique is shown; Figure 3 A shear wave image obtained by the method for improving shear wave data quality proposed in this invention is shown. Figure 4 This is a second schematic flowchart illustrating a method for improving shear wave data quality according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of a device for improving the quality of shear wave data according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for improving the quality of shear wave data is proposed, comprising: S102: Obtain the raw seismic data generated by the seismic waves produced by each of the multiple seismic sources; S104: Based on the original seismic data, obtain the reverse source data related to the original seismic data; S106: Construct a virtual seismic source based on the reverse seismic source data; S108: Based on the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source, obtain the data after interferometry processing using the virtual seismic source; S110: Generate improved shear wave data based on multiple data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry.

[0016] In this embodiment, the present invention proposes a method for improving the quality of shear wave data. The present invention enhances shear wave data and suppresses noise through a series of steps, ultimately obtaining significantly improved shear wave data. Specifically, shear wave data refers to wavefield data used to characterize subsurface geological structures. Shear waves are a type of wave, also known as shear waves, and are a major type of seismic wave, propagating perpendicularly to the vibration direction of the medium particles. In geophysical exploration, analyzing shear wave data can effectively distinguish lithology, identify fracture zones, and detect fluid distribution.

[0017] This invention first acquires raw seismic data generated by seismic waves produced by each of multiple seismic sources. The above steps involve collecting raw seismic data from multiple sources. Specifically, each source generates seismic waves, which propagate underground and are reflected and refracted when encountering different lithologies or interfaces, ultimately being recorded by seismic detectors on the surface or in wells.

[0018] In seismic exploration, the source is a device that artificially generates seismic waves. It is the origin of seismic wave signals. The vibrations it generates propagate underground and, upon encountering geological interfaces, produce reflected or refracted waves, which are then recorded by a receiver.

[0019] Seismic waves are vibrations that propagate outwards from the earthquake's hypocenter; they are elastic waves generated at the hypocenter and radiating outwards. When an earthquake occurs, the medium in the hypocenter region undergoes rapid rupture and movement; this disturbance constitutes a wave source. Due to the continuity of the Earth's medium, this wave propagates to all parts of the Earth's interior and surface, forming elastic waves in the continuous medium. Obtaining the raw seismic data described above is fundamental to the entire processing workflow, providing raw information about the underground structure.

[0020] After obtaining the raw seismic data, reverse source data is acquired based on it. This invention derives the reverse source data through mathematical processing. Specifically, the reverse source data is simulated data obtained by time reversal of the raw seismic data; it is equivalent to a wave field propagating in the reverse direction. Using the reverse source data, this invention can simulate a wave field propagating from the receiving point towards the source, thereby interfering with the raw wave field in subsequent steps, enhancing the correlation of shear waves, and suppressing irrelevant noise.

[0021] A virtual seismic source is constructed based on reverse seismic source data. This invention utilizes reverse seismic source data to construct a virtual seismic source. A virtual seismic source is an equivalent seismic source that is not actually present, constructed through mathematical processing and signal reconstruction techniques. Seismic source behavior is simulated by assigning reverse seismic source data to specific spatial locations.

[0022] The original seismic data is interferometrically processed with a virtual source to obtain data after virtual source interferometry. The interferometry process involves cross-correlation calculations between the original wavefield and the wavefield generated by the virtual source to produce an interferogram. This invention effectively separates shear wave signals from other components through an interferometric mechanism. By utilizing the correlation characteristics of the signals, it suppresses common noise and enhances the effective information of the shear waves, resulting in cleaner interferometric data with a more prominent shear wave component.

[0023] This invention generates improved shear wave data based on multiple data processed through virtual source interferometry. It optimizes the shear wave signal to ensure that the final dataset contains high-quality shear wave information.

[0024] In summary, this invention significantly enhances and suppresses noise in shear wave data throughout the entire processing flow by introducing a reverse-source interferometry mechanism. The interferometry process utilizes signal correlation to effectively highlight the shear wave data while attenuating irrelevant noise and interference, greatly improving the detectability of shear waves in complex noise environments. The construction of the virtual source and the interferometry process specifically eliminate common components in the noise, preserving the effective information of the shear waves, resulting in clearer and more reliable data. The ultimately obtained improved shear wave data provides more detailed and accurate information on subsurface structures, helping geologists accurately identify lithology, fluid distribution, and complex structures, thereby reducing exploration risks and improving the reliability of decision-making.

[0025] This invention effectively improves the quality and independence of shear wave data, reduces noise interference, and enhances the separability and interpretability of data, thereby improving the imaging accuracy of underground geological structures and the extraction accuracy of geological information in geophysical exploration.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, reverse source signal data related to the original seismic data is obtained based on the original seismic data, specifically including: obtaining source response data based on the original seismic data; performing time inversion on the source response data to obtain reverse source data.

[0027] In this embodiment, for the process of obtaining inverse source data related to the original seismic data, the present invention first obtains source response data based on the original seismic data. Specifically, the above steps can be understood as accurately resolving the wavefield response corresponding to each independent source from the original seismic data using wavefield separation technology; this wavefield response is the source response data.

[0028] After obtaining the source response data, the source response signal data is processed. Specifically, time inversion is performed on the separated source response signal data to obtain inverse source data. Time inversion is a signal processing technique that refers to completely reversing the data changes of a signal on the time axis. For example, for a signal s(t), its time inversion result is s(-t). The time inversion process is equivalent to reversing the wave field, and this signal reconstruction method can effectively compensate for phase distortion and energy attenuation during wave propagation.

[0029] In this embodiment, the present invention provides clean input data for subsequent processing through source response separation. Time-inversion processing, through a wavefield backtracking mechanism, effectively enhances the shear wave signal components related to a specific propagation path.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, data processed by virtual source interferometry is obtained based on the original seismic data and the virtual source, specifically including: calculating a cross-correlation function based on the virtual source and the original seismic data; and obtaining the data processed by virtual source interferometry based on the cross-correlation function.

[0031] In this embodiment, the present invention calculates a cross-correlation function based on a virtual seismic source and raw seismic data. Specifically, the cross-correlation function is a mathematical tool in the field of signal processing used to quantitatively characterize the similarity between two signals at different time delays; mathematically, it calculates the sliding inner product of two signals in the time domain.

[0032] The objects of cross-correlation calculation in this invention are the previously constructed virtual seismic source and the real signals recorded in each channel of the original seismic data. The calculation process needs to traverse all possible time delays to establish a complete sequence of cross-correlation functions.

[0033] This invention calculates the cross-correlation function. A significant cross-correlation peak only appears at a specific time delay when the original seismic data contains shear wave components with the same propagation path and reflection characteristics as the virtual source. Since the virtual source data is obtained by time-inversion of the real wavefield, it naturally shares waveform similarity with the shear wave data from the same subsurface structure in the original data. Random noise and unrelated interference cannot form stable cross-correlation characteristics. Through this data similarity-based screening mechanism, this invention effectively enhances shear wave data and suppresses noise.

[0034] After obtaining the cross-correlation function, the data processed by virtual source interferometry is obtained based on the cross-correlation function. Specifically, after obtaining the cross-correlation function, which characterizes the similarity between the virtual source data and the original seismic data at various time delays, the effective value sequence of this function within a specific time window is extracted, and then normalized and reassembled using gathers to obtain the data processed by virtual source interferometry.

[0035] In this embodiment, the present invention can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the shear wave signal through cross-correlation processing, highlighting the weak shear wave signal hidden in strong background noise.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, high-quality shear wave data is generated based on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry, specifically including: performing differential calculation on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data; and generating high-quality shear wave data based on the multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data.

[0037] In this embodiment, when generating shear wave data for seismic waves, differential calculation is first performed on multiple data points processed by virtual source interferometry. The essence of differential calculation is to utilize the similarity of noise components in different data points processed by virtual source interferometry and the differences in the effective shear wave signal. Through subtraction, common background noise and systematic errors are canceled out, while the effective information of the shear wave data is preserved and enhanced. This processing can significantly improve the uncorrelated characteristics of the signal, generating multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data points. These data points, while maintaining the effectiveness of the shear wave data, show significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio and discriminability.

[0038] Specifically, the "uncorrelatedness" in uncorrelated shear wave data refers to the lack of linear correlation or similarity between the effective shear wave data and the interferometric results corresponding to different virtual sources. Specifically, due to differences in the propagation paths and illumination angles of wavefields excited by different virtual sources, effective shear wave data from the same underground geological body exhibits differences in waveform, phase, or arrival time in different interferometric data, i.e., uncorrelatedness. Meanwhile, various noises and unwanted coherent waves often show high consistency across different interferometric data. Therefore, after differential processing, these correlated noise components are effectively suppressed, leaving only the uncorrelated shear wave data that highlights the effective shear wave data.

[0039] Based on multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, improved shear wave data is generated. This invention effectively suppresses coherent noise through differential calculation, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the shear wave data, and effectively solving the technical problems of shear wave data being susceptible to noise interference and having a low signal-to-noise ratio in traditional methods.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, differential calculation is performed on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data. Specifically, this includes: obtaining the difference between every two different data processed by virtual source interferometry in the multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry; and using each difference as an enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data.

[0041] In this embodiment, for the process of obtaining enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data through differential calculation, the present invention is configured to first obtain the difference between every two different data points processed by virtual source interferometry from multiple data points processed by virtual source interferometry. Specifically, for any two different data points processed by virtual source interferometry, for example... and Calculate the amplitude difference between them at the corresponding time sampling points. .

[0042] The essence of the aforementioned differential calculation lies in utilizing the differences in signal and noise distribution characteristics among data processed by virtual seismic sources. Effective shear wave data from the same subsurface structure maintain a degree of independence across different interferometric datasets due to differences in propagation paths and reflection characteristics, while environmental noise and system interference exhibit high similarity across the datasets. Through the system's differential operation, common noise components in the data processed by virtual seismic sources are effectively canceled out during the subtraction process due to their similar amplitude characteristics and phase relationships, while effective shear wave signals with uncorrelated characteristics are preserved and enhanced due to their differences.

[0043] Each difference calculated using differential methods is treated as an independent enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data point. These data points, while preserving the effective shear wave signal, exhibit significantly reduced noise levels and a markedly improved signal-to-noise ratio. This invention effectively eliminates common-mode noise interference through differential calculation, significantly improving the quality of shear wave data. It enhances the uncorrelated characteristics of the shear wave signal, making it easier to identify and extract in subsequent processing. Through systematic pairwise differential processing, it ensures that all possible signal enhancement combinations are fully utilized.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, shear wave data is generated based on multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, specifically including: reconstructing the signal from the enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data to generate shear wave data.

[0045] In this embodiment, the process of generating shear wave data from multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data is achieved through signal reconstruction technology. Signal reconstruction is a signal processing technique based on mathematical inversion theory. Its core lies in recovering the complete signal waveform from partial or incomplete data by establishing a physical-mathematical model between the observed data and the target signal.

[0046] The shear wave data generated by the signal reconstruction processing of this invention not only has a higher signal-to-noise ratio and better waveform fidelity, but also can more accurately reflect the shear wave field characteristics of the subsurface medium, which provides crucial data support for the subsequent generation of high-quality seismic profile images.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for improving the quality of shear wave data may optionally further include: generating a shear wave image based on the improved shear wave data.

[0048] In this embodiment, the present invention generates shear wave images that clearly reflect the underground geological structure by performing imaging processing on improved shear wave data. Specifically, the process of generating shear wave images is mainly achieved through two imaging techniques: On the one hand, pre-stack migration is performed on the improved shear wave data. Pre-stack migration is a high-precision imaging method based on wave equation theory. Its core lies in accurately relocating each seismic record trace to the actual spatial location of the underground reflection or diffraction point according to its specific ray path or wavefield propagation law before stacking seismic gathers. This method, through the precise application of wavefield extrapolation and imaging conditions, enables the shear wave signals from the same underground reflection point to achieve optimal in-phase superposition in spatial location, thereby significantly improving the spatial resolution and structural positioning accuracy of the final generated shear wave image.

[0049] On the other hand, the improved shear wave data undergoes reverse-time migration. Reverse-time migration uses numerical simulation techniques to simultaneously realize the forward propagation of the source wavefield and the backward propagation of the received wavefield. Amplitude values ​​are extracted at the moment when the two wavefields meet the imaging conditions to construct a subsurface image. This method is based on the complete two-way wave equation and can accurately simulate various complex wave phenomena, including gyratory waves and multiple waves. It is particularly suitable for complex geological areas with strong lateral velocity variations and can achieve more accurate imaging results than conventional migration methods in complex tectonic zones.

[0050] In this embodiment, the present invention fully utilizes the improved shear wave data generated in the aforementioned steps to achieve high-fidelity imaging of subsurface structures through precise wavefield reconstruction. Since the input shear wave data has undergone processing steps such as virtual source interferometry, differential calculation, and signal reconstruction to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and fidelity, subsequent migration imaging processing achieves better results. The shear wave images obtained after migration processing can more accurately and clearly reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of subsurface geological structures, effectively highlighting the unique advantages of shear wave information and providing a reliable basis for lithology identification, fracture detection, fluid identification, and reservoir prediction.

[0051] This invention transforms high-quality shear wave data into intuitive shear wave images, effectively linking data processing with geological interpretation, and providing high-quality data support for geologists to make accurate geological interpretations and exploration decisions.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the effect of the shear wave uncorrelated data enhancement of the present invention patent is verified. For actual data collected in a certain work area, conventional processing methods and the method of the present invention are compared and processed respectively.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to verify the effect of the proposed transverse wave data quality improvement, the conventional processing method and the method of the present invention were compared and processed for actual data collected in a certain work area.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a shear wave image obtained after processing using conventional methods. In this invention, a shear wave image refers to a cross-sectional view obtained by exciting data using a shear wave source and then processing it through various means; therefore, it can also be called a shear wave profile, a special type of profile. Analysis of this image shows that, after processing the actual data collected in this work area using conventional methods, the shear wave signal itself is relatively weak and easily affected by absorption and scattering by the underground medium during propagation, resulting in significant energy attenuation. This causes the shear wave signal to be submerged by noise in shallow, middle, and deep layers, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio and making it difficult to clearly identify effective underground geological structure information.

[0055] The method for improving the quality of shear wave data proposed in this invention involves processing raw seismic data containing various wave components. Then, time-reversal processing is performed on the response data of each source point to generate inverse source data corresponding to each source, constructing virtual sources. Next, the cross-correlation function between each virtual source and the raw seismic record is calculated, resulting in multiple sets of data processed by virtual source interferometry. Subsequently, these processed data are pairwise differentially analyzed to eliminate common noise components, yielding multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data. These data are then processed using a signal reconstruction algorithm to generate improved shear wave data. Finally, reverse time migration processing is applied to this improved shear wave data to obtain a high-resolution shear wave profile that clearly reflects the boundaries of subsurface rock strata and fault structures.

[0056] Figure 3 The image is a shear wave image obtained by the method for improving shear wave data quality proposed in this invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The vertical axis represents time (TIME), measured in milliseconds (ms). The entire profile displays data with times between 200ms and 3000ms. On the horizontal axis, 50 represents the liner number, and 1000 to 1600 represent the common center point (CMP). Therefore, Figure 2 and Figure 3 This represents the shear wave profile on lateral line 50, from the common center point 1000 to the common center point 1600, between 200ms and 3000ms.

[0057] and Figure 2In comparison, the method of this invention significantly enhances the effective information of shear wave data, making it clearer and more prominent, while greatly improving its resistance to noise interference, thereby effectively improving the quality and usability of shear wave data. As can be seen from the comparison, the method of this invention has a clear advantage in processing shear wave data under complex geological conditions. The final generated shear wave images can more clearly reflect the subsurface structure, with higher imaging quality and better accuracy, providing a more reliable data foundation for subsequent geological interpretation and exploration decisions.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a method for improving the quality of shear wave data is proposed, including: S202: Constructing reverse source signals from the acquired raw seismic data; S204: The constructed reverse seismic source signal is used as a virtual seismic source and correlated with the original seismic signal; S206: Perform a subtraction operation on the data after virtual source interferometry processing; S208: Employs a signal reconstruction algorithm to recover a complete and high-quality shear wave signal; S210: Generates a high-resolution shear wave image.

[0059] In this embodiment, in the first step, the present invention first uses signal processing algorithms to accurately extract the response signal corresponding to each seismic source (i.e., the seismic source response data mentioned above) from the acquired raw seismic data. For the response signal of each seismic source, time reversal processing (i.e., time inversion mentioned above) is performed to construct the reverse seismic source signal (i.e., the reverse seismic source data mentioned above).

[0060] Specifically, mathematically, for the response signal Si(t) generated by source i, its corresponding reverse source signal is Si(-t). This invention, through this time reversal operation, alters the time-series characteristics of the signal, providing a unique signal form for subsequent virtual source interferometry processing.

[0061] Specifically, in the above content, t represents the t-th moment of the response signal generated by the earthquake source, i represents the i-th earthquake source, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the total number of earthquake sources.

[0062] In the second step, the present invention uses the reverse source signal Si(-t) constructed in the first step as a virtual source and performs correlation processing with the original seismic data Si(t) to obtain the data Di(t) after virtual source interferometry processing. Specifically, for each seismic detector position in the receiving array, the cross-correlation function between the reverse source signal and all source signals received at that position is calculated.

[0063] This invention, through this cross-correlation operation, can highlight shear wave signal components with similar characteristics to the reverse-source signal, enhance shear wave signals from specific directions or related to specific underground structures, and simultaneously suppress random noise and unrelated interference signals. For example, when a specific geological structure exists underground, the shear wave signal associated with that structure will have its signal strength significantly enhanced after cross-correlation processing, while noise signals, because they do not have correlation with the reverse-source signal, will be effectively weakened during the processing.

[0064] In the third step, the present invention performs a subtraction operation on the data Di(t) obtained in the second step to further enhance the uncorrelated characteristics of the shear wave signal. Specifically, this involves differential processing of the interference results from different virtual seismic sources, i.e., selecting the results obtained from the interference of two different virtual seismic sources. and The difference between the two is calculated. Since noise and unrelated interference often have similar characteristics in the interferometric results of different virtual sources, these common noise and interference components can be effectively eliminated through subtraction. Due to its inherent characteristics and specific correlation with the virtual source signal, the shear wave signal can retain and highlight effective information during the subtraction process, thereby significantly improving the clarity and recognizability of the shear wave signal, and further enhancing the signal quality and independence.

[0065] In the fourth step, the present invention uses a signal reconstruction algorithm on the uncorrelated shear wave data obtained in the third step to recover a complete and high-quality shear wave signal.

[0066] Subsequently, in the fifth step, the invention utilizes seismic imaging techniques, such as pre-stack migration and reverse-time migration, to process the reconstructed shear wave signal, generating high-resolution shear wave images of the subsurface structure. Through these processing steps, the enhanced shear wave signal can be transformed into intuitive images of the subsurface geological structure, providing geologists with accurate and detailed data support for geological interpretation and exploration decisions.

[0067] In this embodiment, the present invention utilizes a reverse-source signal interferometry mechanism, introduces time reversal technology to construct a reverse-source signal, and uses it as a virtual source to interfere with the original seismic data, effectively enhancing the target shear wave signal. It also utilizes the correlation characteristics of the signal to suppress noise and interference, significantly improving the detectability and accuracy of the shear wave signal in complex noise environments. Furthermore, it employs a data subtraction enhancement strategy to specifically eliminate common components in noise and interference, preserving and enhancing the effective information of the shear wave signal, thus improving signal clarity and discernibility. This invention demonstrates significant innovation and effectiveness in improving the quality of shear wave data.

[0068] like Figure 5As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus 500 for improving the quality of shear wave data is proposed, including an acquisition unit 510, a first processing unit 520, a second processing unit 530, a third processing unit 540, and a fourth processing unit 550. The acquisition unit 510 is used to acquire the original seismic data generated by the seismic waves produced by each of a plurality of seismic sources; the first processing unit 520 is used to acquire reverse source data based on the original seismic data; the second processing unit 530 is used to construct a virtual source based on the reverse source data; the third processing unit 540 is used to obtain processed data through virtual source interferometry based on the original seismic data and the virtual source; and the fourth processing unit 550 is used to generate improved shear wave data based on the multiple processed data.

[0069] In this embodiment, the present invention addresses the limitations of shear wave data processing in geophysical exploration by proposing a device 500 for improving the quality of shear wave data. This device enhances the shear wave signal and suppresses noise through a series of processing units, ultimately obtaining shear wave data of significantly improved quality.

[0070] In this invention, the acquisition unit 510 acquires the raw seismic data generated by the seismic waves produced by each of the multiple seismic sources. The above steps involve collecting raw seismic data from multiple seismic sources. Each seismic source generates seismic waves, which propagate underground and are reflected and refracted when they encounter different lithologies or interfaces, and are ultimately recorded by seismic detectors on the surface or in wells.

[0071] After obtaining the raw seismic data, the first processing unit 520 acquires the reverse source data based on the raw seismic data. This invention derives the reverse source data through mathematical processing. Specifically, the reverse source data is simulated data obtained by time reversal of the raw source signal; it is equivalent to a wave field propagating in the reverse direction. Using the reverse data, this invention can simulate a wave field propagating from the receiving point towards the source, thereby interfering with the raw wave field in subsequent steps, enhancing the correlation of shear waves, and suppressing irrelevant noise.

[0072] The second processing unit 530 constructs a virtual seismic source based on the reverse seismic source data. This invention utilizes reverse seismic source data to construct a virtual seismic source. A virtual seismic source is an equivalent seismic source that is constructed through mathematical processing and signal reconstruction techniques and does not actually exist. Seismic source behavior is simulated by assigning reverse seismic source data to specific spatial locations.

[0073] The third processing unit 540 performs interferometry processing on the original seismic data and the virtual source to obtain processed data. The interferometry processing involves cross-correlation calculations between the original wavefield and the wavefield generated by the virtual source to produce interferometric data. This invention effectively separates the shear wave signal from other components through an interferometric mechanism, suppresses common noise by utilizing the correlation characteristics of the signals, and enhances the effective information of the shear wave. The resulting data is cleaner, and the shear wave component is more prominent.

[0074] The fourth processing unit 550 generates improved shear wave data from multiple processed data sets. This invention optimizes the shear wave signal specifically by performing differential calculations and signal reconstruction on multiple processed data sets, ensuring that the final shear wave data is of significantly improved quality.

[0075] In summary, this invention effectively improves the quality and independence of shear wave data, reduces noise interference, and enhances the separability and interpretability of the data through the collaborative work of various processing units, thereby providing a reliable data foundation for accurate imaging of underground geological structures and accurate extraction of geological information in geophysical exploration.

[0076] Optionally, the apparatus 500 for improving the quality of shear wave data also includes a fifth processing unit for generating seismic profile images based on the improved shear wave data, providing support for geological interpretation and exploration decisions.

[0077] In this embodiment, optionally, during the process of obtaining inverse source signal data related to the original seismic data based on the original seismic data, the first processing unit 520 is specifically used to: obtain source response data based on the original seismic data; and perform time inversion on the source response data to obtain inverse source data.

[0078] In this embodiment, optionally, in the process of obtaining data after virtual source interferometry based on the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source, the third processing unit 540 is specifically used to: calculate the cross-correlation function based on the virtual seismic source and the original seismic data; and obtain the data after virtual source interferometry based on the cross-correlation function.

[0079] In this embodiment, optionally, in the process of generating improved shear wave data based on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry, the fourth processing unit 550 is specifically used to: perform differential calculation on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data; and generate improved shear wave data based on the multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data.

[0080] In this embodiment, optionally, during the process of performing differential calculations on multiple data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, the fourth processing unit 550 is specifically used to: obtain the difference between every two different data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry in the multiple data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry; and use each difference as an enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data.

[0081] In this embodiment, optionally, during the process of generating shear wave data based on multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, the fourth processing unit 550 is specifically used to: reconstruct the signal from the enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data to generate shear wave data.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium is provided on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0083] In this embodiment, the storage medium proposed by the present invention implements the steps of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments when the computer program is executed by the processor, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device 600 is proposed, including a memory 610, a processor 620, and a computer program stored in the memory 610 and executable on the processor 620. When the processor 620 executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0085] In this embodiment, the electronic device 600 proposed in this invention implements the steps of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments when the processor 620 executes the computer program, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the method for improving shear wave data quality as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0086] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality of shear wave data, characterized in that, The shear wave data is wavefield data used to characterize subsurface geological structures, and the method for improving the quality of the shear wave data includes: Obtain raw seismic data generated by seismic waves produced by each of the multiple seismic sources; Based on the original seismic data, obtain the reverse source data related to the original seismic data; Based on the reverse seismic source data, a virtual seismic source is constructed; Based on the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source, obtain the data after interferometry processing using the virtual seismic source; Based on the data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry, improved shear wave data is generated.

2. The method for improving shear wave data quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining reverse source data related to the original seismic data based on the original seismic data specifically includes: Based on the original earthquake data, obtain the focal response data; The source response data is subjected to time inversion to obtain the reverse source data.

3. The method for improving the quality of shear wave data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the data after virtual source interferometry processing based on the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source specifically includes: Calculate the cross-correlation function based on the virtual seismic source and the original seismic data; The data obtained after interferometry processing using a virtual seismic source is obtained based on the cross-correlation function.

4. The method for improving shear wave data quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry, improved shear wave data is generated, specifically including: Differential calculations are performed on multiple data processed by virtual source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data; Based on multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, high-quality shear wave data is generated.

5. The method for improving shear wave data quality according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of performing differential calculations on multiple data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data specifically includes: Obtain the difference between any two different data points processed by virtual seismic source interferometry from a plurality of such data points; Each difference is used as an enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data point to obtain multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data points.

6. The method for improving shear wave data quality according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on multiple enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data, improved quality shear wave data is generated, specifically including: Signal reconstruction is performed on the enhanced uncorrelated shear wave data to generate shear wave data with improved quality.

7. The method for improving the quality of shear wave data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for improving the quality of shear wave data also includes: A shear wave image is generated based on the improved shear wave data.

8. An apparatus for improving the quality of shear wave data, characterized in that, The shear wave data is wavefield data used to characterize underground geological structures, and the device for improving the quality of the shear wave data includes: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the raw seismic data generated by the seismic waves produced by each of the multiple seismic sources. The first processing unit is used to obtain reverse source data related to the original seismic data based on the original seismic data. The second processing unit is used to construct a virtual seismic source based on the reverse seismic source data; The third processing unit is used to obtain data after virtual source interferometry processing based on the original seismic data and the virtual seismic source. The fourth processing unit is used to generate improved shear wave data based on the multiple data processed by virtual seismic source interferometry.

9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for improving the quality of shear wave data as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for improving the quality of shear wave data as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images