Biochemical analyzer reaction disc intelligent temperature control system and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent temperature control system and control method for a reaction disc of a biochemical analyzer, and the system comprises a temperature sensing unit which collects the real-time temperature distribution data of multiple regions of the reaction disc, and provides a precise data source for temperature control; the environment temperature sensor is used for monitoring the change of the environment temperature in the instrument, monitoring the change of the environment temperature in real time and providing environment parameters for anti-interference compensation; the thermal disturbance detection module is used for establishing a temperature disturbance model for reagent addition, providing a disturbance predicted value and improving the anti-interference capability; the adjusting control module is used for realizing double-closed-loop control logic, calculating a basic control quantity and a compensation control quantity and generating a total control instruction; the refrigerating and heating module responds to the control instruction and adjusts the temperature of the reaction disc through refrigerating / heating action; and the main control module is responsible for data overall planning, parameter management and control instruction issuing. The device has the beneficial effects that the temperature precision of the reaction disc is improved; the response speed is greatly improved; the anti-interference capability is obviously enhanced; and the temperature uniformity is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device temperature control technology, specifically to an intelligent temperature control system and control method for a reaction disk based on the combination of multi-sensor unit data and prediction algorithms. Background Technology

[0002] Current biochemical analyzers rely on a single PID algorithm for their reaction plate temperature control system. This results in slow response, large overshoot, and difficulty in adapting to the dynamic temperature requirements of different reagent reactions. The temperature difference between the edge and center of the reaction plate is significant. Fluctuations in ambient temperature and changes in load (such as differences in reagent heat capacity) lead to insufficient stability of the traditional control system, affecting the consistency of test results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In summary, to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide an intelligent temperature control system and method for the reaction disk of a biochemical analyzer. The system includes a temperature sensing unit, an ambient temperature sensor, a thermal disturbance detection module, an adjustment and control module, a cooling and heating module, and a main control module. The system integrates real-time temperature data from multiple areas of the reaction disk, a reagent addition thermal disturbance model, and ambient temperature fluctuation parameters to construct a dynamic temperature control compensation algorithm. The intelligent compensation layer predicts the temperature drift trend based on the rate of change of heat load and environmental disturbances, and outputs compensation commands in advance, achieving a constant temperature accuracy of ±0.1℃ for the entire reaction disk. This solves the temperature overshoot and instability problems caused by reagent addition, mechanical movement, and environmental fluctuations in traditional temperature control systems, improving the accuracy of biochemical detection results.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A smart temperature control system for the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer, comprising:

[0005] The temperature sensing unit collects real-time temperature distribution data from multiple areas of the reaction plate, providing a precise data source for temperature control.

[0006] An ambient temperature sensor monitors changes in the internal ambient temperature of the instrument, providing environmental parameters for anti-interference compensation.

[0007] The thermal disturbance detection module establishes a temperature disturbance model for reagent addition, provides disturbance prediction values, and improves anti-interference capabilities.

[0008] The adjustment and control module implements dual closed-loop control logic, calculates basic control quantities and compensation control quantities, and generates a total control command.

[0009] The cooling and heating module responds to control commands and adjusts the temperature of the reaction plate through cooling / heating actions.

[0010] The master control module is responsible for data coordination, parameter management, and the issuance of control commands.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature sensing unit includes four high-precision PT1000 platinum resistance sensors, one of which is located at the geometric center of the reaction disk, and the other three sensors are evenly arranged in a ring around the edge of the reaction disk. All sensor signals are transmitted to the main control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the ambient temperature sensor is installed at the air inlet of the instrument and transmits the ambient temperature data to the main control module in real time.

[0014] Furthermore, the thermal disturbance detection module constructs a reagent addition timing database based on the internal memory of the main control module, derives a temperature disturbance model through MATLAB analysis, determines the relationship between reagent injection volume, initial reagent temperature and temperature disturbance amplitude, and calls the model to output the predicted temperature disturbance value according to the current reagent addition parameters and transmits it to the main control module.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment and control module adopts a dual closed-loop control architecture, with an inner loop of a PID controller and an outer loop of a temperature drift prediction compensator.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling and heating module is integrated into the heat-conducting layer at the bottom of the reaction plate.

[0017] A method for intelligent temperature control of the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer, implemented using the aforementioned intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer, specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: The system parameters are initialized through the main control module. At the same time, the temperature sensing unit is triggered to collect the temperature of the center and edge of the reaction plate, the ambient temperature sensor collects the internal ambient temperature of the instrument, and the thermal disturbance detection module calls the reagent time series database and the disturbance model to output the predicted value. The initialized system parameters, real-time temperature data of multiple areas of the reaction plate, ambient temperature data, and reagent injection temperature disturbance prediction value are obtained.

[0019] Step 2: Based on the initial system parameters, real-time temperature data of multiple areas of the reaction plate, ambient temperature data, and predicted values ​​of reagent injection temperature disturbances obtained in Step 1, the overall control command is obtained by adjusting and superimposing the dual closed-loop control of the control module.

[0020] Step 3: Based on the overall control command obtained in Step 2, the refrigeration and heating modules are used to heat / cool as needed to obtain a constant temperature result of ±0.1℃ for the reaction plate;

[0021] Step 4: Based on the reaction plate temperature adjustment results obtained in Step 3, the main control module re-triggers the temperature sensing unit, ambient temperature sensor, and thermal disturbance detection module every 0.1 seconds to collect data, repeating the control quantity calculation in Step 2 and the temperature adjustment execution in Step 3, to obtain continuously updated control commands to maintain the constant temperature of the reaction plate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] 1. Improved accuracy of reaction plate temperature: The system controls the temperature fluctuation of the reaction plate within ±0.1℃, providing a more stable temperature environment for biochemical reactions;

[0024] 2. Significantly improved response speed: The use of a predictive compensator enables advanced prediction of temperature drift, shortening the overall settling time and improving efficiency compared to traditional PID control;

[0025] 3. Significantly enhanced anti-interference capability: The system can effectively suppress the effects of ambient temperature fluctuations and reagent addition disturbances on the reaction plate temperature;

[0026] 4. Significantly improved temperature uniformity: Through multi-zone temperature acquisition and zone compensation control, the maximum temperature difference between the edge and center of the reaction plate does not exceed 0.1℃. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the control principle of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the control flowchart of the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 1. Reactor plate; 2. Ambient temperature sensor unit; 3. Temperature control components (thermal disturbance detection module and regulation control module); 4. Main control module; 5. Cooling and heating module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer includes:

[0034] The temperature sensing unit collects real-time temperature distribution data from multiple areas of the reaction plate 1, providing a precise data source for temperature control. The temperature sensing unit 2 uses four high-precision PT1000 platinum resistance sensors (accuracy ±0.01℃). One PT1000 platinum resistance sensor is located at the geometric center of the reaction plate 11, and the other three PT1000 platinum resistance sensors are evenly arranged in a ring around the edge of the reaction plate 1 (adjacent PT1000 platinum resistance sensors are spaced 120 degrees apart). The PT1000 platinum resistance sensor signals are digitized by a 24-bit high-precision A / D converter and then transmitted to the main control module 4.

[0035] Ambient temperature sensor 2 monitors changes in the internal ambient temperature of the instrument, transmitting these changes in real time to the main control module 4. This data is used to analyze environmental interference on the temperature of the reaction pan 1 and to provide environmental parameters for anti-interference compensation. Ambient temperature sensor 2 is an industrial-grade DS18B20 digital temperature sensor (accuracy ±0.05℃), installed at the instrument's air inlet, requiring a distance of at least 20cm from the nearest heat source, for collecting ambient temperature data.

[0036] The thermal disturbance detection module establishes a temperature disturbance model for reagent addition, provides disturbance prediction values, and improves anti-interference capabilities. Based on the internal FLASH memory of the STM32 main control module 4, the thermal disturbance detection module constructs a reagent addition timing database (including reagent injection volume, initial temperature, and corresponding temperature disturbance amplitude). Through MATLAB analysis, it derives a temperature disturbance model, determines the mapping relationship between reagent injection volume (x), initial reagent temperature (t), and temperature disturbance amplitude (y), and forms a temperature disturbance model. Based on the current reagent addition parameters (injection volume, initial temperature), it calls the model to output the predicted temperature disturbance value and transmits it to the main control module 4.

[0037] The regulation and control module adopts a dual-closed-loop control architecture. The inner loop is a PID controller, and the outer loop is a temperature drift prediction compensator, realizing dual-closed-loop control logic, calculating the basic control quantity and the compensation control quantity, and generating the total control command. The regulation and control module is implemented using a high-performance STM32H series microprocessor. The initial parameters of the inner-loop PID controller are set to Kp=10, Ki=2, Kd=0.5, and it has online self-adjustment function. The outer-loop temperature prediction compensator outputs the temperature compensation quantity based on the change rate of four PT1000 platinum resistance sensors, one ambient temperature fluctuation parameter, and two reagent disturbance parameters, updating the prediction result every 0.1 seconds, as detailed below:

[0038] Inner loop PID controller:

[0039] Initial parameters: Kp=10, Ki=2, Kd=0.5, with online self-adjustment function; Working logic: Output basic control quantity according to the deviation between real-time temperature and target temperature; Dynamically correct PID parameters by the absolute value and rate of change of deviation to balance response speed and overshoot problem.

[0040] Outer ring temperature drift prediction compensator:

[0041] Input parameters: temperature change rate of 4 high-precision PT1000 platinum resistance sensors, 1 ambient temperature fluctuation data (obtained from ambient temperature sensor 2), and 2 reagent disturbance parameters (obtained from thermal disturbance detection module); Working logic: update temperature drift trend prediction every 0.1 seconds, output compensation control quantity to offset temperature deviation caused by environmental fluctuations and reagent disturbances; Control command synthesis: superimpose basic control quantity and compensation control quantity to generate a total control command and transmit it to refrigeration and heating module 5.

[0042] The thermal disturbance detection module and the regulation and control module are integrated into a temperature control component 3.

[0043] The cooling / heating module 5 responds to control commands and adjusts the temperature of the reaction plate 1 through cooling / heating actions. The Peltier cooler uses a TEC1-12706 semiconductor cooling chip, and the heating element is made of nickel-chromium alloy. High-performance thermally conductive silicone grease is used as the thermal interface material, forming an efficient thermal path with the aluminum alloy thermally conductive layer at the bottom of the reaction plate 1. The cooling / heating module 5 is integrated into the thermally conductive layer at the bottom of the reaction plate 1. Heating mode: Upon receiving a control command indicating "temperature below target value," the heating element is activated to quickly raise the temperature of the reaction plate 1. Cooling mode: Upon receiving a control command indicating "temperature above target value," the Peltier cooler is activated to quickly lower the temperature of the reaction plate 1. Fine adjustment mode: Upon receiving a control command indicating "temperature deviation ≤ 0.2℃," the power of the heating element and the cooling capacity of the Peltier are adjusted synchronously to compensate for minor temperature fluctuations.

[0044] Main control module 4 is responsible for data coordination, parameter management, and control command issuance. Details are as follows:

[0045] Data Management: Synchronously reads temperature distribution data from the temperature sensing unit, ambient temperature data from ambient temperature sensor 2, and disturbance prediction values ​​from the thermal disturbance detection module; Parameter Management: Stores and initializes system parameters (PID initial values, target temperature, adjustment cycle, etc.), and supports online parameter modification; Control Coordination: Transmits various types of data to the adjustment and control module, receives the overall control command generated by it, and sends it to the refrigeration and heating module 5 to achieve coordinated operation of the entire system; Accuracy Guarantee: Ensures that the temperature of reaction plate 1 remains stable within ±0.1℃ through continuous data acquisition and command issuance.

[0046] like Figure 2 and3 As shown, an intelligent temperature control method for the reaction plate 1 of a biochemical analyzer is implemented using the aforementioned intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate 1 of the biochemical analyzer, specifically including the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: The system parameters are initialized through the main control module 4 (including PID initial parameters Kp=10, Ki=2, Kd=0.5, target temperature 37±0.1℃). At the same time, the temperature sensing unit (4 PT1000 sensors) is triggered to collect the temperature of the center and edge of the reaction plate 1 and digitize it through a 24-bit A / D converter. The ambient temperature sensor 2 (DS18B20) collects the internal ambient temperature of the instrument. The thermal disturbance detection module calls the reagent time series database and the disturbance model to output the predicted value, thus obtaining the initialized system parameters, real-time temperature data of multiple areas of the reaction plate 1, ambient temperature data, and reagent injection temperature disturbance prediction value.

[0048] Step 2: Based on the initial system parameters obtained in Step 1, the real-time temperature data of the multi-zone reaction plate 1, the ambient temperature data, and the predicted value of reagent injection temperature disturbance, the inner loop PID controller of the adjustment control module outputs the basic control quantity according to the deviation between the real-time temperature and the target temperature. According to the absolute value and rate of change of the temperature deviation, the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and derivative coefficient are dynamically corrected. When the absolute value of the deviation is >0.5℃, the proportional coefficient is increased to speed up the response. When the absolute value of the deviation is ≤0.2℃, the integral coefficient is decreased to avoid overshoot. The outer loop temperature drift prediction compensator outputs the compensation control quantity every 0.1 seconds with the temperature change rate, environmental fluctuation, and disturbance prediction value as input. The basic control quantity and the compensation control quantity are then superimposed to obtain the total control command.

[0049] Step 3: Based on the overall control command obtained in Step 2, the heating belt is activated when the temperature of the reaction plate 1 is lower than the target temperature, and the Peltier cooling is activated when the temperature is higher than the target temperature through the cooling and heating module 5. When the temperature deviation from the target temperature is ≤0.2℃, the power of the heating belt and the cooling capacity of the Peltier are adjusted synchronously to obtain the temperature regulation result of the reaction plate 1 (stabilized at ±0.1℃).

[0050] Step 4: Based on the temperature adjustment results of reaction plate 1 obtained in Step 3, the main control module 4 re-triggers the temperature sensing unit, ambient temperature sensor 2, and thermal disturbance detection module every 0.1 seconds to collect data, repeating the control quantity calculation in Step 2 and the temperature adjustment execution in Step 3, to obtain continuously updated control commands to maintain the constant temperature state of reaction plate 1.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer, characterized in that, include: The temperature sensing unit collects real-time temperature distribution data of multiple areas of the reaction plate (1) to provide a precise data source for temperature control. An ambient temperature sensor (2) monitors the changes in the ambient temperature inside the instrument and provides environmental parameters for anti-interference compensation in real time. The thermal disturbance detection module establishes a temperature disturbance model for reagent addition, provides disturbance prediction values, and improves anti-interference capabilities. The adjustment and control module implements dual closed-loop control logic, calculates basic control quantities and compensation control quantities, and generates a total control command. The cooling and heating module (5) responds to control commands and adjusts the temperature of the reaction plate (1) through cooling / heating actions; The main control module (4) is responsible for data coordination, parameter management and control command issuance.

2. The intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of the biochemical analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensing unit includes four high-precision PT1000 platinum resistance sensors. One sensor is located at the geometric center of the reaction disk (1), and the other three sensors are evenly arranged in a ring around the edge of the reaction disk (1). All sensor signals are transmitted to the main control module (4).

3. The intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of the biochemical analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ambient temperature sensor (2) is installed at the air inlet of the instrument and transmits the ambient temperature data to the main control module (4) in real time.

4. The intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of the biochemical analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal disturbance detection module constructs a reagent addition timing database based on the internal memory of the main control module (4), obtains a temperature disturbance model through MATLAB analysis, determines the relationship between the reagent injection amount, the initial reagent temperature and the temperature disturbance amplitude, and calls the model to output the temperature disturbance prediction value according to the current reagent addition parameters and transmits it to the main control module (4).

5. The intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of the biochemical analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulation and control module adopts a dual closed-loop control architecture, with an inner loop of a PID controller and an outer loop of a temperature drift prediction compensator.

6. The intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of the biochemical analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling and heating module (5) is integrated into the bottom heat-conducting layer of the reaction plate (1).

7. A method for intelligent temperature control of the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer, implemented using the intelligent temperature control system for the reaction plate of a biochemical analyzer as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Specifically, the steps include the following: Step 1: The system parameters are initialized by the main control module (4), and the temperature sensing unit is triggered to collect the temperature of the center and edge of the reaction plate (1), the ambient temperature sensor (2) collects the ambient temperature inside the instrument, and the thermal disturbance detection module calls the reagent time series database and the disturbance model to output the predicted value, so as to obtain the initialized system parameters, real-time temperature data of multiple areas of the reaction plate (1), ambient temperature data, and reagent injection temperature disturbance prediction value. Step 2: Based on the initial system parameters obtained in Step 1, the real-time temperature data of the reaction disk (1) in multiple areas, the ambient temperature data, and the predicted value of reagent injection temperature disturbance, the total control command is obtained by adjusting and superimposing the dual closed-loop control of the control module. Step 3: Based on the overall control command obtained in Step 2, the refrigeration and heating module (5) is used to heat / cool as needed to obtain a constant temperature result of ±0.1℃ for the reaction plate (1); Step 4: Based on the temperature adjustment results of the reaction plate (1) obtained in Step 3, the temperature sensing unit, ambient temperature sensor (2), and thermal disturbance detection module are re-triggered every 0.1 seconds by the main control module (4) to collect data. The control quantity calculation in Step 2 and the temperature adjustment execution in Step 3 are repeated to obtain continuously updated control instructions to maintain the constant temperature state of the reaction plate (1).

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