Graphene coating thickness determination method, system, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grounding device design, and discloses a graphene coating thickness determination method, system, equipment, medium and product, and the method comprises the steps: determining the skin depth under high-frequency current according to the conductance parameter of a graphene coating in combination with the lightning current frequency, and determining the thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of the skin depth. And determining the optimal thickness of the graphene coating according to the conductivity parameter of the coated substrate and the conductivity parameter of the graphene coating in combination with the target impedance, so that the graphene coating can effectively utilize the skin effect to concentrate the current in a high-conductivity region under the action of high-frequency lightning current, and the condition that the coating covers the current concentration region to meet the conductive requirement is ensured; the impedance matching can be realized by adjusting the thickness of the coating, the inductance effect influence is considered, the total impedance is ensured not to exceed the limit value, and the overall conductivity is ensured to reach the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grounding device design technology, and in particular to a method, system, device, medium and product for determining the thickness of a graphene coating. Background Technology

[0002] As power grid construction develops towards ultra-high voltage and large capacity, grounding devices, as core components ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system, must simultaneously meet the requirements of high conductivity current dissipation and structural stability under complex operating conditions. Currently, many grounding materials use low-conductivity substrates (such as silicon-aluminum alloys, ordinary cast iron, etc.) as structural supports. These substrate materials have excellent mechanical strength and low cost, but relatively high resistivity (…). Under the impact of high-frequency and high-current lightning strikes, the current dissipation speed is slow and the grounding resistance is high, which can easily lead to equipment insulation breakdown and personal safety risks.

[0003] To improve the conductivity of low-conductivity substrates, existing technologies often employ a method of coating the substrate surface with a high-conductivity graphene coating. However, existing coating thickness designs have significant drawbacks: First, they do not fully utilize the skin effect principle. Under high-frequency, high-current conditions, current concentrates on the conductor surface for transmission. Traditional thickness designs do not match the skin depth; if the coating is too thin, it cannot cover the current-concentrated area, while if it is too thick, it wastes material and easily causes the coating to peel off. Second, they ignore the influence of inductance on impedance in high-frequency scenarios. Lightning current frequencies can reach 1kHz~10MHz, and the inductive reactance generated by the inductor will significantly increase the total impedance, making it difficult to ensure that the overall conductivity meets the standards.

[0004] The aforementioned problems result in limited conductivity improvement of existing graphene-coated grounding materials, large fluctuations in grounding resistance, and difficulty in meeting the stringent requirements of ultra-high voltage power grids for grounding systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method, system, device, medium and product for determining the thickness of graphene coating.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating;

[0008] Based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, the skin depth under high-frequency current is determined.

[0009] Under the constraint of the skin depth, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating is determined based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance.

[0010] Preferably, the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating include resistivity and magnetic permeability;

[0011] The step of determining the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency includes:

[0012] Based on the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, the skin depth under the high-frequency current is determined using the skin depth formula; wherein, the skin depth formula is:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, δ represents the skin depth. The resistivity of the graphene coating. denoted as ρ, where ρ is the permeability of the graphene coating, and f is the frequency of the lightning current.

[0015] Preferably, the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate to be coated include the cross-sectional diameter and length of the substrate; the determination of the optimal thickness of the graphene coating, under the constraint of the skin depth, based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate to be coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance, includes:

[0016] An AC impedance model containing resistive and inductive components is established. Based on the AC impedance model, and combined with the cross-sectional diameter of the substrate, the length of the substrate, the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating, the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating are determined.

[0017] The total impedance of the graphene coating is determined based on its resistance and inductance.

[0018] Based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of the skin depth is determined.

[0019] Preferably, determining the optimal thickness of the graphene coating while satisfying the skin depth constraint, based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance, includes:

[0020] Compare the total impedance of the graphene coating with the target impedance;

[0021] If the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, then under the constraint of the skin depth, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the total impedance is recalculated based on the adjusted thickness of the graphene coating until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met. The latest thickness of the graphene coating is then output as the optimal thickness.

[0022] Preferably, if the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, then, under the constraint of the skin depth, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the total impedance is recalculated based on the adjusted graphene coating thickness until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met, and the latest thickness of the graphene coating is output as the optimal thickness. This process further includes:

[0023] If the thickness of the graphene coating does not meet the skin depth constraint, the thickness safety margin of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the thickness of the graphene coating is corrected again based on the adjusted thickness safety margin until the thickness of the graphene coating meets the skin depth constraint.

[0024] Preferably, the substrate to be coated and the graphene coating are connected by a transition layer, which is prepared by a high-temperature oxidation process.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention also provides a system for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, comprising:

[0026] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating.

[0027] The skin depth determination module is used to determine the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency.

[0028] The coating thickness determination module is used to determine the optimal thickness of the graphene coating based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance, under the constraint of the skin depth.

[0029] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by the processor causing the processor to perform the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the first aspect.

[0030] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the first aspect.

[0031] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the first aspect.

[0032] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this invention determines the skin depth under high-frequency current by combining the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating with the frequency of the lightning current. Under the constraint of the skin depth, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating is determined by combining the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating with the target impedance. This allows the graphene coating to effectively utilize the skin effect to concentrate the current in the high conductivity region under the action of high-frequency lightning current, ensuring that the coating covers the current concentration area to meet the conductivity requirements. At the same time, it avoids the problems of waste due to excessive coating thickness or failure due to excessive thin coating. Impedance matching can be achieved by adjusting the coating thickness, taking into account the influence of inductive effect, ensuring that the total impedance does not exceed the limit value, and ensuring that the overall conductivity performance meets the standard. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a method for determining the thickness of a graphene coating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a graphene coating thickness determination system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1In the application environment shown, terminal 101 communicates with server 102 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 102 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated onto server 102 or placed in the cloud or on another network server. Terminal 101 or server 102 obtains the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating; based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, it determines the skin depth under high-frequency current; under the constraint of the skin depth, based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, and combined with the target impedance, it determines the optimal thickness of the graphene coating.

[0040] Terminal 101 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

[0041] Server 102 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system consisting of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides cloud computing services.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a method for determining the thickness of a graphene coating is provided, which is then applied to... Figure 1 Taking terminal 101 or server 102 as an example, the explanation includes the following steps S1 to S3. Wherein:

[0043] Step S1: Obtain the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate to be coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating.

[0044] The substrate to be coated is generally a low conductivity substrate, which can be silicon-aluminum alloy or ordinary cast iron. It serves as the structural support. The cross-section of the substrate is circular. The conductivity parameters of the substrate include the cross-sectional diameter and the length of the substrate, which are set according to the requirements of the grounding project. The length of the substrate is usually 1~3m.

[0045] The electrical conductivity parameters of graphene coatings include resistivity and permeability.

[0046] The substrate and the graphene coating are connected by a transition layer, which is prepared by a high-temperature oxidation process, so that the bonding strength between the substrate and the graphene coating is ≥8MPa and the coverage of the graphene coating is ≥98%.

[0047] Step S2: Determine the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency.

[0048] The electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating include resistivity and permeability. In this case, based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, the skin depth under high-frequency current is determined, including: determining the skin depth under high-frequency current using the skin depth formula based on the resistivity, permeability, and lightning current frequency of the graphene coating; whereby the skin depth formula is:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, δ represents the skin depth. The resistivity of the graphene coating. denoted as ρ, where ρ is the permeability of the graphene coating, and f is the frequency of the lightning current.

[0051] The lightning current frequency is 5kHz, which is suitable for UHV tower grounding scenarios (mainly direct lightning strikes).

[0052] Step S3: Under the constraint of skin depth, determine the optimal thickness of the graphene coating based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance.

[0053] Among them, based on the skin depth δ, the constraint of the skin depth is set to the graphene coating thickness d≥δ, to ensure that the high-frequency current is concentrated in the graphene coating for conduction, thereby reducing the eddy current loss of the substrate.

[0054] The target impedance is based on actual needs and meets the standard requirement of DL / T621 for grounding impedance of UHV projects ≤8Ω. For a single grounding electrode, this impedance value can ensure that the equipment casing potential is 1600kV when subjected to a lightning current (200kA), which does not exceed the insulation withstand voltage of 1100kV for UHV equipment (leaving sufficient safety margin). Simulation verification shows that the coating thickness corresponding to the target impedance of 8Ω balances material cost and structural stability (the coating will not be too thick and cause peeling).

[0055] Specifically, the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate include the cross-sectional diameter and length of the substrate. In this case, under the constraint of skin depth, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating is determined based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance. This includes: establishing an AC impedance model containing resistive and inductive components; determining the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating based on the AC impedance model, combined with the cross-sectional diameter of the substrate, the length of the substrate, and the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating; determining the total impedance of the graphene coating based on its resistance and inductance; and determining the optimal thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of skin depth based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance.

[0056] Lightning current is a typical high-frequency alternating current. According to the skin effect principle, when alternating current propagates in a conductor, the current density decreases exponentially with increasing conductor depth, and more than 90% of the current concentrates in a thin layer on the conductor surface (within the skin depth). Graphene, as a high-conductivity material (in-plane conductivity > 100%), When coated onto a low-conductivity substrate, high-frequency, high-current transmission occurs preferentially within the graphene coating, preventing transmission losses caused by current penetrating deep into the low-conductivity substrate and thus significantly reducing the overall material impedance.

[0057] Meanwhile, the inductive effect cannot be ignored in high-frequency scenarios: the inductive reactance generated by the inductor is positively correlated with the frequency. If the thickness design does not take into account the influence of inductance, it will lead to the total impedance exceeding the standard.

[0058] Under the constraint of skin depth, the current is completely concentrated within the coating. The resistive component of the graphene coating is determined by its conductivity and geometry, while the inductive component is influenced by the magnetic flux of the graphene coating. Therefore, an AC impedance model incorporating both resistive and inductive components is established as follows:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, The resistance of the graphene coating. Inductors with graphene coating. Where d is the diameter of the substrate cross-section, d is the coating thickness, and k is the inductance correction factor (valued from 0.8 to 1.2). is the length of the matrix.

[0062] Then, by substituting the substrate length, resistivity, and permeability of the graphene coating into the above model, the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating were determined.

[0063] Then, the total impedance Z is determined based on the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating:

[0064]

[0065] At target impedance Under the given conditions, meet the design objectives ,Right now:

[0066]

[0067] By rearranging the above formulas and introducing a thickness safety margin, the expression for the coating thickness d can be obtained as follows:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, This is for thickness safety margin.

[0070] In some embodiments, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of skin depth is determined based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance. This includes: comparing the total impedance of the graphene coating with the target impedance; if the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted under the constraint of skin depth, and the total impedance is recalculated based on the adjusted thickness of the graphene coating until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met, and the latest thickness of the graphene coating is output as the optimal thickness.

[0071] Understandably, iterative calculations optimize the coating thickness to ensure that the total impedance does not exceed the target impedance under lightning current conditions, while also taking into account the synergistic effect of the skin effect and inductance effect, thus avoiding performance deviations caused by single-parameter design. This method improves the model's adaptability to actual operating conditions by introducing an inductance correction coefficient k and a thickness safety margin Δd, achieving precise impedance control under high-frequency lightning current.

[0072] In some embodiments, in order to meet the skin depth constraint, the method further includes: adjusting the thickness safety margin of the graphene coating when the thickness of the graphene coating does not meet the skin depth constraint, and re-correcting the thickness of the graphene coating according to the adjusted thickness safety margin, until the thickness of the graphene coating meets the skin depth constraint.

[0073] The thickness safety margin ensures that the coating thickness covers the skin depth, preventing current from penetrating the coating and entering the substrate due to manufacturing errors or changes in the service environment, thus increasing impedance. If the graphene coating thickness does not meet the skin depth constraint, the thickness safety margin is appropriately increased, the coating thickness d is recalculated, and it is verified whether it meets the condition d≥δ. If it still does not meet the condition, the parameters are iteratively adjusted until the dual constraints of d≥δ and total impedance≤Z0 are met, ultimately determining the optimal graphene coating thickness that meets the requirements of high-frequency lightning current conditions.

[0074] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the skin depth under high-frequency current is determined based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the frequency of the lightning current. Under the constraint of the skin depth, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating is determined based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance. This allows the graphene coating to effectively utilize the skin effect to concentrate the current in the high conductivity region under the action of high-frequency lightning current, ensuring that the coating covers the current concentration area and meets the conductivity requirements. At the same time, it avoids the problems of waste due to excessive coating thickness or failure due to excessive thin coating. Impedance matching can be achieved by adjusting the coating thickness, taking into account the influence of inductive effect, ensuring that the total impedance does not exceed the limit value, and ensuring that the overall conductivity performance meets the standard.

[0075] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a graphene coating thickness determination system for implementing the graphene coating thickness determination method described above.

[0076] The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more graphene coating thickness determination system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the graphene coating thickness determination method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application provides a system for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, including:

[0078] The parameter acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate to be coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating.

[0079] The skin depth determination module 200 is used to determine the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the frequency of the lightning current.

[0080] The coating thickness determination module 300 is used to determine the optimal thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of skin depth, based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance.

[0081] In some embodiments, the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating include resistivity and permeability; the skin depth determination module 200 is used for:

[0082] Based on the resistivity, permeability, and lightning current frequency of the graphene coating, the skin depth under high-frequency current is determined using the skin depth formula; the skin depth formula is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, δ represents the skin depth. The resistivity of the graphene coating. denoted as ρ, where ρ is the permeability of the graphene coating, and f is the frequency of the lightning current.

[0085] In some embodiments, the electrical conductivity parameters of the coated substrate include the substrate cross-sectional diameter and the substrate length; the coating thickness determination module 300 includes:

[0086] The parameter calculation module is used to establish an AC impedance model that includes resistive and inductive components. Based on the AC impedance model, combined with the cross-sectional diameter of the substrate, the length of the substrate, and the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating, the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating are determined.

[0087] The impedance calculation module is used to determine the total impedance of the graphene coating based on its resistance and inductance.

[0088] The thickness optimization determination module is used to determine the optimal thickness of the graphene coating while satisfying the skin depth constraint, based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance.

[0089] In some embodiments, the thickness optimization determination module is used for:

[0090] Compare the total impedance of the graphene coating with the target impedance;

[0091] If the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted while satisfying the skin depth constraint. The total impedance is then recalculated based on the adjusted graphene coating thickness until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met. The latest thickness of the graphene coating is then output as the optimal thickness.

[0092] In some embodiments, the thickness optimization determination module is further configured to:

[0093] If the thickness of the graphene coating does not meet the skin depth constraint, adjust the safety margin of the graphene coating thickness, and then correct the thickness of the graphene coating again based on the adjusted safety margin until the thickness of the graphene coating meets the skin depth constraint.

[0094] In some embodiments, the substrate to be coated and the graphene coating are connected by a transition layer, which is prepared by a high-temperature oxidation process.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, this application provides an electronic device. The electronic device 10 includes a memory 20 and a processor 30. The memory 20 stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor 30, the processor 30 performs the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the above embodiment.

[0096] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the above embodiments.

[0097] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in the above embodiments.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, and computer program products described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

[0100] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0101] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, computer program products, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0102] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0103] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0104] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention through a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0105] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, characterized in that, include: Obtain the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating; Based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, the skin depth under high-frequency current is determined. Under the constraint of the skin depth, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating is determined based on the conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance.

2. The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating include resistivity and permeability. The step of determining the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency includes: Based on the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency, the skin depth under the high-frequency current is determined using the skin depth formula; wherein, the skin depth formula is: In the formula, δ represents the skin depth. The resistivity of the graphene coating. denoted as ρ, where ρ is the permeability of the graphene coating, and f is the frequency of the lightning current.

3. The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate include the cross-sectional diameter and length of the substrate; the determination of the optimal thickness of the graphene coating, under the constraint of the skin depth, based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate and the graphene coating, and in conjunction with the target impedance, includes: An AC impedance model containing resistive and inductive components is established. Based on the AC impedance model, and combined with the cross-sectional diameter of the substrate, the length of the substrate, the resistivity and permeability of the graphene coating, the resistance and inductance of the graphene coating are determined. The total impedance of the graphene coating is determined based on its resistance and inductance. Based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance, the optimal thickness of the graphene coating under the constraint of the skin depth is determined.

4. The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the optimal thickness of the graphene coating while satisfying the skin depth constraint, based on the total impedance of the graphene coating and the target impedance, includes: Compare the total impedance of the graphene coating with the target impedance; If the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, then under the constraint of the skin depth, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the total impedance is recalculated based on the adjusted thickness of the graphene coating until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met. The latest thickness of the graphene coating is then output as the optimal thickness.

5. The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the total impedance is greater than the target impedance, then, under the constraint of the skin depth, the thickness of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the total impedance is recalculated based on the adjusted graphene coating thickness until the condition that the total impedance is not greater than the target impedance is met. The latest thickness of the graphene coating is then output as the optimal thickness. Prior to this, the following steps are also included: If the thickness of the graphene coating does not meet the skin depth constraint, the thickness safety margin of the graphene coating is adjusted, and the thickness of the graphene coating is corrected again based on the adjusted thickness safety margin until the thickness of the graphene coating meets the skin depth constraint.

6. The method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate to be coated and the graphene coating are connected by a transition layer, which is prepared by a high-temperature oxidation process.

7. A system for determining the thickness of a graphene coating, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating. The skin depth determination module is used to determine the skin depth under high-frequency current based on the conductivity parameters of the graphene coating and the lightning current frequency. The coating thickness determination module is used to determine the optimal thickness of the graphene coating based on the electrical conductivity parameters of the substrate being coated and the electrical conductivity parameters of the graphene coating, combined with the target impedance, under the constraint of the skin depth.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it implements the steps of the method for determining the thickness of the graphene coating as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the graphene coating thickness determination method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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