Immersed cooling method and system for new energy lithium battery system
By applying coolant through top spraying and gravity-assisted flow, the problems of thermal management efficiency and temperature control uniformity in immersion cooling systems are solved, improving the heat dissipation performance and energy efficiency of new energy lithium batteries, while reducing energy consumption and structural load.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 华能海南发电股份有限公司南山电厂
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing immersion cooling systems in new energy lithium batteries suffer from limited thermal management efficiency and difficulty in balancing system energy consumption and temperature control uniformity.
The coolant is applied by combining top spraying and gravity-assisted flow, so that the coolant directly contacts the surface of the battery cell in the form of a uniform liquid film. Heat exchange is carried out by the spraying device and gravity flowing from top to bottom.
It improves heat exchange efficiency and contact uniformity, reduces cooling cycle energy consumption and structural load, and achieves comprehensive optimization of heat dissipation performance, energy efficiency and structural economy.
Smart Images
Figure CN121983703A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, and in particular to an immersion cooling method and system for a new energy lithium battery system. Background Technology
[0002] In new energy applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, lithium-ion batteries generate a lot of heat during operation. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and even manner, it will affect the battery performance, lifespan, and even safety. Therefore, an efficient battery thermal management system is of paramount importance.
[0003] Existing immersion cooling solutions typically employ a combination of overall immersion and internal circulation or external liquid cooling plates to dissipate heat from the battery. While these methods achieve a certain cooling effect, they still face common problems in practical applications, such as limited thermal management efficiency and difficulty in simultaneously achieving optimal system energy consumption and temperature control uniformity. Therefore, how to further improve the overall thermal management efficiency of immersion cooling systems has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides an immersion cooling method and system for new energy lithium battery systems, which aims to achieve more efficient and uniform heat dissipation in immersion cooling systems, while reducing system energy consumption and structural load.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system. The method includes: acquiring the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation and the initial state parameters of the coolant; guiding the coolant to a spraying device inside the battery housing, the spraying device being located above the array of battery cells housed inside the battery housing; controlling the spraying device to spray the coolant onto the upper surface of the battery cell array in a spray manner, causing the coolant to flow from top to bottom along the surface of the battery cell array under the action of gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and performing heat exchange; collecting the coolant after heat exchange and discharging it from the battery housing through an outflow channel located at the bottom of the battery housing.
[0006] In one possible implementation, the battery housing is a sealed cavity structure, and the interior of the battery housing is divided by physical partitions into a battery compartment for accommodating the array of battery cells and an electrical compartment for accommodating electrical components; the inner wall of the battery housing is provided with a first bracket for fixing the spraying device and a second bracket for fixing the filtration device.
[0007] In one possible implementation, the spraying device includes a thin plate-like structure with a sealed inner cavity, and an inlet port on the thin plate-like structure for connecting an external coolant supply pipeline; a plurality of spray holes penetrating its thickness are evenly distributed on the side surface of the thin plate-like structure facing the battery cell array, and the distribution range of the spray holes matches the projection area of the battery cell array inside the battery box.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the spraying device is controlled to apply coolant to the upper surface of the battery cell array in a spraying manner, including: using the pressure provided by an external circulation pump to drive the coolant into the sealed inner cavity of the spraying device through the inlet interface, so that the coolant is sprayed out from each spray hole to form a coolant spray curtain that uniformly covers the top of the battery cell array.
[0009] In one possible implementation, a filter device is installed at the bottom of the battery housing between the battery cell array and the outflow channel. The filter device has a plate-like structure and multiple filter holes that allow coolant to pass through but block solid impurities. After the coolant flows along the surface of the battery cells to the bottom, it passes through the filter device.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the plate-like structure of the filter device is horizontally or inclinedly disposed at the bottom of the battery box; the surface area of the filter device is greater than or equal to the projected area of the battery cell array at the bottom of the battery box. In one possible implementation, the coolant is a liquid medium with insulating properties and a predetermined heat exchange performance; the initial state parameters of the coolant include at least its temperature and flow rate before entering the spraying device.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the above method further includes controlling the total amount of coolant sprayed onto the battery cell array per unit time by adjusting the power of the external circulation pump or the valve opening on the coolant supply pipeline. In one possible implementation, the battery cell array is assembled from multiple lithium-ion cells in a preset arrangement; the spray hole is shaped as a circle, an ellipse, or a slit.
[0012] Secondly, this application provides an immersion cooling system for a new energy lithium battery system, comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation and the initial state parameters of the coolant; a guiding unit for guiding the coolant to a spraying device inside the battery housing, the spraying device being located above the array of battery cells housed inside the battery housing; a control unit for controlling the spraying device to spray the coolant onto the upper surface of the battery cell array, causing the coolant to flow from top to bottom along the surface of the battery cell array under gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and performing heat exchange; and a collection unit for collecting the coolant after heat exchange and discharging the coolant from the battery housing through an outlet channel located at the bottom of the battery housing.
[0013] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the readable storage medium comprising: software instructions; when the software instructions are executed in an electronic device of a vehicle, causing the electronic device to implement the method described in the first aspect above.
[0014] Fourthly, this application provides a vehicle that includes the immersion cooling system for the new energy lithium battery system described in the second aspect above.
[0015] This application has the following beneficial effects: By adopting a coolant application method that combines top spraying and gravity-assisted flow, the coolant can directly and fully contact the surface of the battery cells in the form of a uniformly covered liquid film, which effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency and contact uniformity of the unit liquid. This reduces the overall temperature difference of the battery system while reducing the pumping energy consumption required for the cooling cycle and the static pressure load on the casing structure, thus achieving comprehensive optimization of heat dissipation performance, energy efficiency and structural economy. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion cooling system for a new energy lithium battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the immersion-cooled battery energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray plate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the mesh structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of the immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.
[0020] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.
[0021] Before providing a detailed explanation of the embodiments of this application, some related terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of this application will be introduced first.
[0022] 1. Lithium-ion batteries: These are currently the most widely used rechargeable batteries globally. Their core advantages include high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect. They are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, energy storage systems, aerospace, and other fields. Their technology is complex; the following is a deep breakdown from a professional perspective, covering core principles, classifications, key parameters, technical routes, and application scenarios.
[0023] 2. Battery heat dissipation: This is a core technology in new energy vehicles (EV / HEV / PHEV), energy storage systems, consumer electronics and other fields. Its core objective is to control the battery temperature within the optimal operating range (20~45℃), reduce the temperature difference between cells (≤5℃), and suppress the spread of thermal runaway, which directly affects the battery's energy density, cycle life, fast charging performance and safety.
[0024] 3. Immersion battery box: This is a battery box that uses immersion liquid cooling technology. It achieves efficient heat dissipation and safe management by completely immersing the battery in coolant. It is widely used in the field of new energy storage.
[0025] 4. Working principle of the immersion battery box: In operation, the heat generated by the battery is rapidly conducted to the surrounding coolant. The coolant carries the heat to the heat exchanger through natural convection or forced circulation, and finally the heat is dissipated by the external cooling system. This process achieves direct contact heat exchange between the battery and the cooling medium, and its heat transfer efficiency far exceeds that of traditional heat dissipation methods.
[0026] With the rapid development of electrochemical energy storage technology, the power and energy density of battery energy storage systems are constantly improving, and the requirements for thermal management efficiency and reliability are becoming increasingly stringent. In existing technologies, liquid cooling solutions have been widely used in the thermal management of battery energy storage systems. Among these, parallel branch-pipe liquid cooling systems are quite common. These systems typically mount battery packs in a plug-in configuration on a bracket in the battery compartment. Each battery pack has an independent inlet and outlet for liquid cooling, and is connected to the main pipeline via multiple branch pipes. Connections and seals are achieved using quick-connect fittings. Coolant is pumped by the liquid cooling unit, flows through the overflow channels of each battery pack, and then returns, thereby cooling the battery modules.
[0027] Currently, the design schemes for submerged battery boxes in new energy lithium battery systems generally fall into two categories: The first scheme involves a cooling medium in a liquid-cooled plate channel removing heat from the battery compartment coolant, which in turn removes heat from the battery. In this scheme, the heat exchange process involves the conversion between two media, with the battery compartment coolant acting only as an intermediate medium. This results in high energy consumption for exchanging the same amount of heat. Furthermore, the battery compartment requires a certain level of coolant level, and the coolant exerts pressure on the inner walls of the battery box, necessitating high strength requirements for the battery compartment. The second scheme uses a pump to power the flow of coolant within the battery compartment to remove heat from the battery. The coolant in this scheme is typically an oil / grease-based medium with poor fluidity, leading to high energy consumption for exchanging the same amount of heat. Again, the battery compartment requires a certain level of coolant level, and the coolant exerts pressure on the inner walls of the battery box, resulting in high strength requirements for the battery compartment. It is evident that both schemes carry the risk of uneven temperature distribution.
[0028] In view of the above problems, this application provides an immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system. By changing the flow mode of the coolant from "overall immersion + internal flow" to "top spraying + surface flow", the temperature difference of the cells (including between individual cells and between the upper and lower areas) is reduced.
[0029] The immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] The immersion cooling method for new energy lithium battery systems provided in this application embodiment can be applied to new energy lithium battery immersion cooling systems. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one possible structure of this new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system 10 includes a vehicle 11 and an immersion cooling battery energy storage device 12. The immersion cooling battery energy storage device 12 is located inside the vehicle 11.
[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the main components of the immersion-cooled battery energy storage device 12 include a spray plate 1 (also called a spraying device), a water inlet pipe 2, a strainer 3 (also called a filter device), a water outlet pipe 4, a housing 5 (also called a battery housing), and batteries 6 (composed of multiple battery cells). The battery housing is a sealed cavity structure, and its interior is physically divided into a battery compartment for accommodating the array of battery cells and an electrical compartment for accommodating electrical components. The inner wall of the battery housing is equipped with a first bracket (also called a spray plate fixing bracket) for fixing the spraying device and a second bracket (also called a strainer fixing bracket) for fixing the filter device.
[0032] In practical applications, the coolant first flows into the spray plate, and under the pressure of the system pump, the spray plate evenly sprays the coolant to the top of the battery compartment, flows from the top of the cell to the bottom of the cell, passes through the filter screen, and finally flows out of the box from the bottom of the box through the outlet.
[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the spray plate is a sealed, thin cavity with a water inlet pipe connector. One side of the thin cavity has spray holes of varying numbers that evenly cover the top area of the battery cells. Specifically, the spraying device includes a thin plate-like structure with a sealed inner cavity. The thin plate-like structure has an inlet port for connecting to an external coolant supply pipe. Multiple spray holes penetrating its thickness are evenly distributed on the surface of the thin plate-like structure facing the battery cell array. The distribution range of the spray holes matches the projected area of the battery cell array within the battery housing.
[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the mesh is a plate-shaped structure with a varying number of leakage holes. Specifically, a filter device is installed at the bottom of the battery housing between the battery cell array and the outflow channel. The filter device is a plate-shaped structure with multiple filter holes that allow coolant to pass through but block solid impurities. After the coolant flows along the surface of the battery cells to the bottom, it passes through the filter device.
[0035] It should be noted that, Figure 2-4 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on immersion-cooled battery energy storage devices, except Figure 2-4 In addition to the components shown, the immersion-cooled battery energy storage device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combinations of certain components, or different component arrangements. For a detailed description of the immersion-cooled battery energy storage device, please refer to the following embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0036] The following describes the immersion cooling method for new energy lithium battery systems provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, this method can be implemented by a person having the above-described... Figure 2 The immersion-cooled battery energy storage device with the hardware structure shown performs the following, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method includes S501 to S504.
[0038] S501. Obtain the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation, as well as the initial state parameters of the coolant.
[0039] The coolant can be a liquid medium with insulating properties and predetermined heat exchange performance, such as water-ethylene glycol type coolant, propylene glycol-water type coolant, etc.
[0040] The initial state parameters of the coolant include at least its temperature and flow rate before entering the spraying device. By understanding the heat generated by the lithium battery system and the initial state parameters of the coolant, this application enables precise cooling control of the battery.
[0041] S502, A spraying device that directs coolant into the battery compartment.
[0042] The spraying device is located above the array of individual battery cells housed inside the battery housing. The battery housing is a sealed cavity structure, and its interior is physically divided into a battery compartment for housing the array of individual battery cells and an electrical compartment for housing electrical components. The inner wall of the battery housing is equipped with a first bracket for fixing the spraying device and a second bracket for fixing the filtration device.
[0043] The spraying device includes a thin plate-shaped structure with a sealed inner cavity, and an inlet port for connecting an external coolant supply pipeline is provided on the thin plate-shaped structure; multiple spray holes penetrating its thickness are evenly distributed on the side surface of the thin plate-shaped structure facing the battery cell array, and the distribution range of the spray holes matches the projection area of the battery cell array inside the battery box.
[0044] It should be noted that the battery cell array is assembled from multiple lithium-ion cells in a preset arrangement; the spray hole can be circular, elliptical, or slit-shaped.
[0045] In practical applications, the new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system of this application can guide the coolant to the spraying device inside the battery box, and control the spraying of the coolant through the spraying device.
[0046] S503, The spraying device controls the coolant to be sprayed onto the upper surface of the battery cell array, so that the coolant flows from top to bottom along the surface of the battery cell array under the action of gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and exchanging heat.
[0047] Understandably, the coolant sprayed onto the surface of the battery cell flows naturally along the outer surface of the battery cell under the action of gravity until it reaches the bottom of the battery cell. During this process, the coolant is in continuous contact with the surface of the battery cell in the form of a liquid film and conducts heat.
[0048] As one possible implementation, this application can utilize the pressure provided by an external circulation pump to drive the coolant into the sealed inner cavity of the spraying device through the inlet interface, so that the coolant is sprayed out from each spray hole to form a coolant spray curtain that uniformly covers the top of the battery cell array.
[0049] In some embodiments, to achieve precise control of the coolant, this application can also control the total amount of coolant sprayed onto the battery cell array per unit time by adjusting the power of the external circulation pump or the valve opening on the coolant supply pipeline. This allows for flexible adaptation to different heat generation capacities of the lithium battery system.
[0050] S504. Collect the coolant after heat exchange and discharge it from the battery box through the outflow channel located at the bottom of the battery box.
[0051] In some embodiments, this application provides a filter device at the bottom of the battery box, located between the battery cell array and the outflow channel. The filter device has a plate-like structure and multiple filter holes that allow coolant to pass through but block solid impurities. After the coolant flows along the surface of the battery cell to the bottom, it passes through the filter device.
[0052] The filter device, with its plate-like structure, is horizontally or inclinedly positioned at the bottom of the battery housing; the surface area of the filter device is greater than or equal to the projected area of the battery cell array at the bottom of the battery housing. This ensures that all flowing coolant passes through the filter device.
[0053] The technical solution provided in this application brings at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting a coolant application method that combines top spraying and gravity-assisted flow, the coolant can directly and fully contact the surface of the battery cell in the form of a uniformly covered liquid film, which effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency and contact uniformity of the unit liquid. This reduces the overall temperature difference of the battery system while reducing the pumping energy consumption required for the cooling cycle and the static pressure load on the casing structure, thus achieving comprehensive optimization of heat dissipation performance, energy efficiency and structural economy.
[0054] The foregoing primarily describes the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application from a methodological perspective. To achieve the aforementioned functions, it includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, in conjunction with the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system includes: an acquisition unit 601, a guiding unit 602, a control unit 603, and a collection unit 604.
[0056] The acquisition unit 601 is used to acquire the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation, as well as the initial state parameters of the coolant; the guiding unit 602 is used to guide the coolant to the spraying device inside the battery box, the spraying device being located above the array of battery cells housed inside the battery box; the control unit 603 is used to control the spraying device to spray the coolant onto the upper surface of the array of battery cells in a spray manner, so that the coolant flows from top to bottom along the surface of the array of battery cells under the action of gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and performing heat exchange; the collection unit 604 is used to collect the coolant after heat exchange and discharge the coolant after heat exchange from the battery box through the outflow channel provided at the bottom of the battery box.
[0057] In one possible implementation, the battery housing is a sealed cavity structure, and the interior of the battery housing is divided by physical partitions into a battery compartment for accommodating the array of battery cells and an electrical compartment for accommodating electrical components; the inner wall of the battery housing is provided with a first bracket for fixing the spraying device and a second bracket for fixing the filtration device.
[0058] In one possible implementation, the spraying device includes a thin plate-like structure with a sealed inner cavity, and an inlet port on the thin plate-like structure for connecting an external coolant supply pipeline; a plurality of spray holes penetrating its thickness are evenly distributed on the side surface of the thin plate-like structure facing the battery cell array, and the distribution range of the spray holes matches the projection area of the battery cell array inside the battery box.
[0059] In one possible implementation, the control unit 603 is specifically used to: use the pressure provided by the external circulation pump to drive the coolant into the sealed inner cavity of the spraying device through the inlet interface, so that the coolant is sprayed out from each spray hole to form a coolant spray curtain that uniformly covers the top of the battery cell array.
[0060] In one possible implementation, a filter device is installed at the bottom of the battery housing between the battery cell array and the outflow channel. The filter device has a plate-like structure and multiple filter holes that allow coolant to pass through but block solid impurities. After the coolant flows along the surface of the battery cells to the bottom, it passes through the filter device.
[0061] In one possible implementation, the plate-like structure of the filter device is horizontally or inclinedly disposed at the bottom of the battery box; the surface area of the filter device is greater than or equal to the projected area of the battery cell array at the bottom of the battery box. In one possible implementation, the coolant is a liquid medium with insulating properties and a predetermined heat exchange performance; the initial state parameters of the coolant include at least its temperature and flow rate before entering the spraying device.
[0062] In one possible implementation, the control unit 603 is also used to: control the total amount of coolant sprayed onto the battery cell array per unit time by adjusting the power of the external circulation pump or the valve opening on the coolant supply pipeline. In one possible implementation, the battery cell array is assembled from multiple lithium-ion cells in a preset arrangement; the spray hole is shaped as a circle, an ellipse, or a slit.
[0063] It should be noted that, Figure 6The module division shown is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division; in actual implementation, other division methods are possible. For example, two or more functions can be integrated into a single processing module. These integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.
[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium including software instructions that, when run on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform any of the methods provided in the above embodiments.
[0065] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer program product containing computer execution instructions, which, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform any of the methods provided in the above embodiments.
[0066] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, implementation can be, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer-executable instructions. When these computer-executable instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer-executable instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer-executable instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device containing one or more servers, data centers, etc., that can be integrated with the medium. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a solid-state disk (SSD), etc.
[0067] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple instances. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.
[0068] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.
[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An immersion cooling method for a new energy lithium battery system, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation, as well as the initial state parameters of the coolant; A spraying device is used to guide coolant into the battery housing, and the spraying device is located above the array of battery cells housed inside the battery housing. The spraying device is controlled to spray coolant onto the upper surface of the battery cell array, so that the coolant flows from top to bottom along the surface of the battery cell array under the action of gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and exchanging heat. The coolant after heat exchange is collected and discharged from the battery housing through an outflow channel located at the bottom of the battery housing.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery housing is a sealed cavity structure. The interior of the battery housing is divided by physical partitions into a battery compartment for accommodating the array of individual battery cells and an electrical compartment for accommodating electrical components. The inner wall of the battery housing is provided with a first bracket for fixing the spraying device and a second bracket for fixing the filtration device.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying device includes a thin plate-shaped structure with a sealed inner cavity, and the thin plate-shaped structure is provided with an inlet port for connecting an external coolant supply pipeline; a plurality of spray holes penetrating its thickness are evenly distributed on the side surface of the thin plate-shaped structure facing the battery cell array, and the distribution range of the spray holes matches the projection area of the battery cell array in the battery box.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control of the spraying device to apply coolant to the upper surface of the battery cell array by spraying includes: Using the pressure provided by the external circulation pump, the coolant is driven to enter the sealed inner cavity of the spraying device through the inlet, so that the coolant is sprayed out from each spray hole to form a coolant spray curtain that evenly covers the top of the battery cell array.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter device is installed at the bottom of the battery box between the battery cell array and the outflow channel. The filter device has a plate-like structure and multiple filter holes that allow coolant to pass through but block solid impurities. After the coolant flows along the surface of the battery cell to the bottom, it passes through the filter device.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plate-like structure of the filter device is horizontally or inclinedly arranged at the bottom of the battery box; the surface area of the filter device is greater than or equal to the projected area of the battery cell array at the bottom of the battery box.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant is a liquid medium with insulating properties and a predetermined heat exchange performance; the initial state parameters of the coolant include at least its temperature and flow rate before entering the spraying device.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes controlling the total amount of coolant sprayed onto the battery cell array per unit time by adjusting the power of the external circulation pump or the valve opening on the coolant supply pipeline.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The battery cell array is assembled from multiple lithium-ion cells in a preset arrangement; the spray hole is one of the following shapes: circular, elliptical, or slit-shaped.
10. A new energy lithium battery immersion cooling system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the heat generated by the lithium battery system in operation, as well as the initial state parameters of the coolant. A guiding unit for guiding coolant to a spraying device inside the battery housing, the spraying device being located above the array of battery cells housed inside the battery housing; The control unit is used to control the spraying device to spray the coolant onto the upper surface of the battery cell array, so that the coolant flows from top to bottom along the surface of the battery cell array under the action of gravity, forming a liquid film covering the surface of the battery cells and exchanging heat. A collection unit is used to collect the coolant after heat exchange and discharge the coolant from the battery housing through an outflow channel located at the bottom of the battery housing.