Machine tool for producing flat devices and / or tools for medical technology and method for producing flat devices and / or tools with such machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool (2) for producing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology, comprising a machine frame (4), comprising at least one working spindle (6) which is mounted so as to be rotatable about a spindle axis (8), comprising at least one workpiece table (10) which can or is associated with the at least one working spindle (6), the invention relates to a workpiece table (10), which is mounted so as to be rotatable or pivotable indirectly or directly on a machine frame (4) about a table axis (12), and which has at least one workpiece holder (14), which is fastened to the workpiece table (10) and which has at least one first workpiece receptacle (16), to which a flat workpiece (17) can be fastened for machining a flat surface, the workpiece holder (16) has at least one second workpiece holder (18), which extends transversely or obliquely to the first workpiece holder (16) and on which a flat workpiece (17) can be fastened for machining an end face, at least one of the at least one workpiece table (10) can be transferred from a first working position, in which the first workpiece receptacle (16) is accessible for machining for at least one of the at least one working spindle (6), by rotating or pivoting about the table axis (12) associated therewith, into a second working position, in which the first workpiece receptacle (16) is accessible for machining for at least one of the at least one working spindle (6). In the second working position, the second workpiece accommodating part (18) can be accessed to at least one of the at least one working spindle (6) for machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology and a method for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology using such a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] It is known from existing technology that flat instruments and / or tools are machined "in flight" or "standing" from forged parts (so-called forged components). In the case of forged components, the manufacturing process involves multiple separate and equally manual machining steps, which follow machining, for example, may include manual belt grinding. In the case of "standing" or "in flight" machining, the manufacturing process is often subjected to very high vibrations. Due to the vibrations caused by manufacturing, the quality of the finished instruments and / or tools may be reduced, or time-consuming and expensive subsequent machining of individual instruments and / or tools may be necessary.

[0003] Furthermore, the continuous clamping of individual workpieces used in the manufacture of flat instruments and / or tools has proven to be extremely time-consuming and also degrades quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a machine tool for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools, wherein the manufacturing time and product quality of the flat instruments and / or tools are reduced or improved.

[0005] This objective is achieved by a machine tool for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools, comprising a frame, a work spindle rotatably supported about a spindle axis, a worktable associated with or connected to at least one work spindle, rotatably or oscillatingly supported about a table axis at the frame, and having at least one worktable holder fixed to the worktable, having at least one first worktable receiving portion for fixing a flat workpiece for machining a flat surface, and having at least one second worktable receiving portion extending transversely or obliquely to the first worktable receiving portion and for fixing a flat workpiece for machining an end face, wherein at least one of the at least one worktables can be transferred from a first working position to a second working position by rotation or oscillation about a table axis associated therewith, in which the first worktable is accessible for machining to at least one of the at least one work spindle, and in which the second worktable is accessible for machining to at least one of the at least one work spindle.

[0006] By including a workpiece holder with a first workpiece receiving portion and a second workpiece receiving portion in the machine tool, the flat instrument and / or tool can be made from a flat workpiece, wherein a maximum of two clamping operations are necessary.

[0007] By fixing the flat workpiece in the first workpiece receptacle for machining the flat surface, the use of forged parts can be eliminated, and the flat instruments and / or tools to be manufactured can be milled from solid material. Fixing the workpiece in the plane of the first workpiece receptacle significantly reduces the risk of vibration formation in machining via a machining spindle.

[0008] The working area of ​​a flat instrument and / or tool can be machined from the flat workpiece by fixing the flat workpiece in a second workpiece receptacle for machining the end face or by receptacling it in a clamping mold.

[0009] The flat workpiece that can be fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion may include a workpiece that was previously fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion and is machined by at least one drive spindle.

[0010] By allowing the workpiece stage to be transferred from a first working position to a second working position and to return, the first workpiece receiving portion and the second workpiece receiving portion of the workpiece holder can be machined by the same work spindle.

[0011] The at least one workpiece stage can be constructed arbitrarily in principle, as long as it fulfills the technical function of fixing the workpiece clamp. It has been proven advantageous that at least one of the at least one workpiece stage includes a clamping surface at which at least one of the at least one workpiece clamp is arranged, and that it is arranged laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis of the associated workpiece stage in a first working position and laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis of the associated worktable in a second working position.

[0012] In one improved embodiment mentioned last, the following configuration is made: a flat workpiece fixed in the first workpiece receiving portion of the workpiece holder extends parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface of the workpiece table and can be machined by a machining spindle at its flat surface extending parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface; and / or a flat workpiece fixed in the second workpiece receiving portion of the workpiece holder extends transversely to or inclined to the clamping surface of the workpiece table and can be machined by a work spindle at its end face extending transversely to or inclined to the clamping surface.

[0013] By extending the first workpiece receiving portion of the workpiece holder parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface of the workpiece stage, when the workpiece stage is in the first working position, the first workpiece receiving portion is transverse to or inclined to the spindle axis of the drive spindle. In this case, a flat workpiece fixed in the first workpiece receiving portion can, in this situation, rest against the workpiece holder with a planar surface parallel to the flat surface that can be machined by the work spindle, against the contact surface of the workpiece receiving portion. This reduces the risk of vibration formation when machining a flat workpiece fixed in the first workpiece receiving portion via the work spindle. This improves machining quality.

[0014] By extending the second workpiece receiving portion of the workpiece laterally or inclined to the clamping surface of the workpiece stage, the flat tool fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion can be machined by the spindle in the second working position of the workpiece stage. Here, the end face of the workpiece can be machined by the spindle.

[0015] In one embodiment of the machine tool, a first workpiece receiving portion is arranged on the top surface of the workpiece holder, which extends parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface and is spaced apart from the clamping surface, and at least one of at least one second workpiece receiving portions is arranged on a side surface arranged between the clamping surface and the top surface, which extends laterally or inclined to the clamping surface.

[0016] In this configuration, the workpiece holder may be constructed in a tower or block shape, wherein a first workpiece receiving portion is arranged at the end face opposite to the workpiece stage, and at least one second workpiece receiving portion extends between the first workpiece receiving portion and the clamping surface of the workpiece stage.

[0017] In principle, it is possible to arrange only one first workpiece receptacle and only one second workpiece receptacle at the workpiece holder. It is advantageous when at least two second workpiece receptacles extending transversely or obliquely to the first workpiece receptacle are present at at least one of the at least one workpiece holders, and when the workpiece holder includes at least one workpiece holder driver, the workpiece holder can be transferred relative to the workpiece table from the first machining position to at least one additional machining position by the workpiece holder driver, at least in a second working position of the workpiece table, in which the first second workpiece receptacle is accessible to the work spindle, and in which the additional second workpiece receptacle is accessible to the work spindle.

[0018] By including at least two second workpiece receptacles in the workpiece holder, at least two workpieces can be arranged in the second workpiece receptacles and machined by the work spindle. This saves machining time.

[0019] For example, it is possible to machine at least two workpieces to be further processed by the workpiece fixed at the first workpiece receiving part by the machining of the work spindle, which can then be arranged as separate workpieces at the second workpiece receiving part and processed by the work spindle therein.

[0020] In the manufacture of medical devices and / or tools, a plate-shaped workpiece may be arranged at a first workpiece receiving portion, from which connectors and housings of the medical tools and / or devices are machined. These components may be joined together to form a needle clip, which is assembled from the two aforementioned components.

[0021] This allows for the machining of various workpiece sizes without the need for conversion. Each clamping position can accommodate one connector and one housing component, resulting in six clamping positions. This eliminates the need for conversion between these variant designs, saving time and costs while ensuring high quality.

[0022] In one embodiment of the machine tool, it has proven advantageous that when at least six second workpiece holders are arranged at the workpiece holder, they are evenly distributed about the circumference of the workpiece holders around an axis extending transversely to the clamping surface of the workpiece table.

[0023] When multiple second workpiece receptacles are provided at the workpiece holder, the workpiece holder can be transferred from the first machining position to the second machining position, and so on. The number of machining positions to which the workpiece holder can be transferred corresponds to the number of second workpiece receptacles provided.

[0024] In one embodiment of the machine tool, it has proven advantageous that at least one of the workpiece holders, whose rotation axis extends about a clamping surface transverse to the workpiece table, is rotatably fixed at the clamping surface of the workpiece table.

[0025] By allowing the workpiece holder to rotate about a workpiece holder rotation axis extending transversely to the workpiece table, a workpiece disposed at a first workpiece receiving portion and / or a second workpiece receiving portion can be machined more efficiently by the work spindle. For this purpose, the workpiece is then rotated relative to the work spindle at either the first or second workpiece receiving portion.

[0026] In one improved embodiment mentioned last, it proved advantageous when the transfer from the first machining position to the second machining position via the workpiece holder driver includes rotation or oscillation of the workpiece holder about the workpiece holder rotation axis.

[0027] In this case, when more than one second workpiece receiving portion is arranged at the workpiece holder, the workpiece holder can be transferred from the first working position to at least one other working position in a simple manner by rotating about the rotation axis of the workpiece holder.

[0028] It is advantageous when at least one of the first workpiece receptacles is fixed therein for roughing and semi-finishing (OP 10) by at least one machining spindle, and / or when at least one of the second workpiece receptacles is fixed therein for finishing (OP 20) by at least one working spindle.

[0029] This ensures that the machining at the first workpiece receiving portion is different from the machining at the second workpiece receiving portion, thereby enabling different stages of the manufacturing process of flat instruments and / or tools.

[0030] The machine tool is provided in the following embodiment, wherein at least two workpiece holders are arranged at the workpiece table, which are spaced apart from each other on the same clamping surface.

[0031] This makes it possible to increase the number of products that can be manufactured after loading the workpiece stage.

[0032] In one improved embodiment mentioned last, it has proven advantageous that at least one working spindle includes at least one first working spindle associated with the first workpiece holder of at least two workpiece holders and includes at least one additional working spindle associated with the other workpiece holder of at least two workpiece holders.

[0033] By making at least one working spindle include at least one first working spindle and at least one additional working spindle, wherein each working spindle is associated with a workpiece holder accordingly, the number of products that can be manufactured per unit time can be increased.

[0034] In this case, the number of working spindles can correspond to the number of workpiece holders arranged on the same clamping surface at the workpiece table.

[0035] Furthermore, it is possible to implement the machine tool in a manner in which at least one workpiece holder is arranged on one clamping surface of the workpiece table, and at least one workpiece holder is similarly arranged on another clamping surface on the side of the workpiece table opposite to the clamping surface. In this case, the workpiece table is not only transferred from the first working position to the second working position and then returned, but may also include a 180° rotation, so that the previously rearward-facing workpiece holder faces the spindle.

[0036] Furthermore, in this configuration, it is possible that at least two or more workpiece holders are arranged facing each other on the clamping surface facing the spindle and on the rearward clamping surface of the workpiece table opposite the clamping surface.

[0037] To shorten processing time, it has been proven advantageous when at least one workpiece stage comprises at least two workpiece stages, wherein the first workpiece stage is rotatable or oscillable about a first table axis and the second workpiece stage is rotatable or oscillable about a second table axis relative to the first workpiece stage without contact, and wherein the first table axis and the second table axis extend parallel to each other.

[0038] The number of workpieces that can be loaded can be increased by setting up at least two workpiece stages that extend parallel to each other with their table axes parallel to each other.

[0039] At least two workpiece stages may be fixed to the frame and arranged either overlapping or side-by-side. When the table axes of the at least two workpiece stages extend, for example, parallel to a horizontal axis, the table axes may be arranged vertically overlapping each other. Furthermore, it is possible for the table axes of the at least two workpiece stages to be arranged horizontally side-by-side when they extend parallel to a vertical axis.

[0040] When at least two workpiece stages are provided, it is possible, for example, that these workpiece stages, in a separated position, separate the working area facing at least one spindle from the loading and unloading area facing away from at least one spindle. In this case, it is possible, for example, that the workpiece holder of the first workpiece stage is machined, and the workpiece stage extending parallel to and facing this in the direction of the working area has its own workpiece holder in the loading and unloading area. In this case, the workpiece stages can be loaded and unloaded in parallel at the same time, while the workpiece is machined by the spindle at the other workpiece stage. It is advantageous here that the workpiece stages are constructed such that they separate the working area from the loading and unloading area for the operator.

[0041] Furthermore, the following implementation of the machine tool is possible, wherein at least one workpiece table is rotatably or swingably supported at a swing bracket, wherein the swing bracket is rotatably or swingably supported at the frame about a swing axis and can be transferred from a first swing position to a second swing position, wherein at least one of the at least one workpiece table can be arranged in a working area facing at least one working spindle, and wherein the workpiece table is arranged in a loading and unloading area in the second swing position.

[0042] This simplifies the loading and unloading of machine tools.

[0043] In one improved embodiment mentioned last, it has proven advantageous that when at least two workpiece stages are arranged on opposite sides of each other at the swing bracket, wherein at least one first workpiece stage is arranged in the working area in the first swing position of the swing bracket and at least one second workpiece stage is arranged in the loading and unloading area in the first swing position of the swing bracket, and wherein at least one first workpiece stage is arranged in the loading and unloading area in the second swing position of the swing bracket and at least one second workpiece stage is arranged in the working area in the second swing position of the swing bracket.

[0044] By having at least one first workpiece stage always arranged in the working area, which is machined by at least one drive spindle, and by having at least one second workpiece stage arranged in the loading and unloading area in the first swing position of the swing bracket in this case, at least one second workpiece stage can be loaded and unloaded in parallel at the same time, and the workpiece arranged at at least one workpiece stage is machined by at least one work spindle.

[0045] The following implementation is possible, in which a plurality of first workpiece stages are arranged at the swing support, these first workpiece stages being arranged in the working area in a first swing position of the swing support, and a plurality of second workpiece stages are arranged, these second workpiece stages being arranged in the loading and unloading area in the first swing position of the swing support. These workpiece stages may be arranged overlapping each other or side by side.

[0046] The following implementations are possible, in which the axis of the swing bracket, at least one first tabletop axis and / or at least one second tabletop axis extend parallel to the horizontally extending X-axis and in particular parallel to each other, or in which the axis of the swing bracket, at least one first tabletop axis and / or at least one second tabletop axis extend parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis and in particular parallel to each other.

[0047] Furthermore, the following embodiments of the machine tool are equally possible, wherein the axis of the swing support extends parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis and at least one first table axis and / or at least one second table axis extends parallel to the horizontally extending X-axis. Conversely, it is equally possible that when the axis of the swing support extends about the horizontally extending X-axis, at least one first table axis and / or at least one second table axis extends parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis.

[0048] When there are more than one first tabletop axis and one second tabletop axis, all tabletop axes can extend parallel to each other.

[0049] Ultimately, it proved advantageous when the first working spindle and at least one other working spindle were arranged horizontally side by side, when at least one table axis, especially the first table axis, extended parallel to the horizontally extending X-axis, and when the first working spindle and at least one other working spindle were arranged vertically overlapping each other, and when at least one table axis, especially the first table axis, extended parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis.

[0050] The number of working spindles can match the number of workpiece holders in the working area.

[0051] Furthermore, this objective is achieved by a method of manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology using a machine tool having any of the features previously mentioned, comprising the following steps: a.100: The flat workpiece is fixed at at least one first workpiece receiving portion; b.101: Fix at least one workpiece that has been processed at the first workpiece receiving portion to one of the at least one second workpiece receiving portions; c.102: The workpiece stage is transferred to a first working position, wherein the first workpiece receiving portion is accessible to at least one working spindle for machining, and the workpiece fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion is machined by the working spindle. d.103: The workpiece stage is transferred to a second working position, wherein the second workpiece receiving portion is accessible to at least one working spindle for machining, and the workpiece fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion is machined by the working spindle. e.104: If necessary, move the workpiece holder from the first machining position to another machining position; f.105: Remove at least one workpiece that has been processed at the second workpiece receiving portion and remove at least one workpiece that has been processed at the first workpiece receiving portion.

[0052] Step 104 may be performed if necessary. That is to say, when there is only one second workpiece receiving part arranged at the workpiece holder, step 104 is not performed. When there are multiple second workpiece receiving parts and workpieces to be processed are arranged there accordingly, step 104 should be performed.

[0053] The workpieces arranged in the first workpiece receiving section and being processed can be completely separated during processing and in step 105. This makes it possible for these workpieces to be removed manually or by a robot.

[0054] By gripping the workpiece, these components can be arranged as workpieces to be further processed and fixed at the second workpiece receiving part. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the appended patent claims, the accompanying drawings and the following description of preferred embodiments of the machine tool.

[0056] in: Figure 1 A schematic perspective illustration of one embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention is shown; Figure 2 Showing according to Figure 1 An isometric detailed illustration of an embodiment of a workpiece stage with two workpiece holders arranged thereon; Figure 3 Showing according to Figure 2 A top view of a workpiece stage with two workpiece holders arranged thereon; Figure 4 A schematic flowchart of one embodiment of the method according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0057] These figures show a machine tool for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools, generally designated by reference numeral 2. The machine tool 2 includes a frame 4 and, in the embodiment shown in the figures, two work spindles 6. The work spindles 6 are correspondingly rotatable about a spindle axis 8.

[0058] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in the figure, the machine tool 2 includes two worktables 10, which are indirectly supported rotatably or swingably around the table axis 12 at the frame 4.

[0059] In the embodiment shown in the figure, two workpiece holders 14 are arranged at each workpiece stage 10 and are correspondingly fixed at the workpiece stage 10.

[0060] Workpiece clamp 14 in Figure 1 The image is shown only schematically. Further references are provided. Figure 2 and 3 The illustration.

[0061] The workpiece holder 14 includes a first workpiece receiving portion 16, where a flat workpiece 17 can be fixed for machining a flat surface. In the embodiment shown in the figures, each workpiece holder 14 includes six second workpiece receiving portions 18 that extend laterally or obliquely to the first workpiece receiving portions 16 and where a flat workpiece 17 can be fixed for machining an end face.

[0062] The workpiece stage 10 is fixed such that it can be transferred from a first working position to at least one second working position by rotation or oscillation about the table axis 12 of the associated workpiece stage 10, in which the workpiece receiving portion 16 is accessible for machining to at least one of at least one of the working spindles 6, and in the second working position the second workpiece receiving portion 18 is accessible for machining to at least one of at least one of the working spindles 6.

[0063] In the embodiment of machine tool 2 shown in the figures, each of the workpiece tables 10 includes a clamping surface 20, where two workpiece holders 14 are fixed. The clamping surfaces 20 are arranged laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis 8 of the work spindle 6 in a first working position and laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis 8 of the work spindle 6 in a second working position. A first workpiece receiving portion 16 of the workpiece holder 14 extends substantially parallel to the clamping surface 20 of the workpiece table 10 where the workpiece holder 14 is located, while a second workpiece receiving portion 18 extends substantially laterally or obliquely to the clamping surface 20.

[0064] This makes it possible that the flat workpiece 17 arranged in the first workpiece receiving portion 16 can be machined at its flat surface by the spindle 6 in the first working position of the workpiece stage 10. Furthermore, this makes it possible that when the workpiece stage 10 is transferred to the second working position, the flat workpiece 17 arranged in the second workpiece receiving portion 18 can be machined at its end face by the spindle 6.

[0065] Machine tool 2 is configured such that each workpiece holder 14 is rotatable about a workpiece holder rotation axis 22 extending transversely to the clamping surface 20. This makes it possible for the workpiece holders 14 to be arranged in different machining positions. In a first machining position, where the workpiece table 10 is arranged in a second working position, the first second workpiece receiving portion 18 faces the work spindle 6. By rotating about the workpiece holder rotation axis 22, the second second workpiece receiving portion 18 can be transferred to a second machining position, where the flat workpiece 17 arranged in the second second workpiece receiving portion 18 can be machined by the work spindle 6.

[0066] The machine tool 2 is configured such that the flat workpiece 17 arranged in the first workpiece receiving section 16 can be roughed and semi-finished (OP 10) by the working spindle 6, while the flat workpiece 17 arranged in the second workpiece receiving section 18 can be accessed by the working spindle 6 for finishing (OP 20).

[0067] The attached figure shows one embodiment of the machine tool 2, in which two workpiece tables 10 are arranged. These workpiece tables 10 extend parallel to each other and are spaced apart from each other about their table axis 12. The two workpiece tables 10 are rotatably arranged at a common swing bracket 24. The swing bracket 24 is rotatably or swingably supported and fixed at the frame 4 about the swing axis 26.

[0068] This makes it possible for one of the workpiece stages 10 to be arranged on the side facing at least one spindle 6 constituting the working area 28. Another workpiece stage 10 is arranged on the side opposite the swing axis 26, within the loading and unloading area 30. By always having one workpiece stage 10 arranged in the working area 28 and operable by the spindle 6, and another workpiece stage 10 arranged in the loading and unloading area 30, the workpiece stage 10 in the loading and unloading area 30 can be loaded and unloaded, while the workpiece 17 in the working area 28 is machined. This enables parallel loading and unloading of the machine tool 2.

[0069] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method according to the invention for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology is shown. (Referring to...) Figures 1 to 3The method is described as follows in the case of the apparatus illustrated in the figure: In step 100, at least one flat workpiece 17 is fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion 16.

[0070] In parallel or subsequently in step 101, the workpiece 17, which has been processed at the first workpiece receiving portion 16, may be fixed at one of the locations of at least one of the second workpiece receiving portions 18.

[0071] In step 102, the workpiece stage 10 is transferred to a first working position, wherein the first workpiece receiving portion 16 is accessible to at least one work spindle 6 for machining. In the first working position, the workpiece 17 fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion 10 is machined by the work spindle 6.

[0072] When workpiece 17 is being machined at the first workpiece receiving portion 16, in step 103 the workpiece stage 10 is transferred to a second working position, wherein the second workpiece receiving portion 18 is accessible to at least one work spindle 6 for machining. In the second working position, workpiece 17, which is fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion 18, is then machined by the work spindle 6.

[0073] In step 104, the workpiece holder 14 may be transferred from the first machining position to another machining position if necessary. This is the case when multiple second workpiece receptacles 18 with workpieces 17 disposed therein are provided.

[0074] Subsequently, in the final step 105, the workpiece 17 processed at the second workpiece receiving portion 18 and the workpiece 17 processed at the first workpiece receiving portion 16 can be removed.

[0075] The workpiece 17 processed at the first workpiece receiving portion 16 may include a near-complete separation of the workpiece 17 from the raw material plate, for example, manually or fully automatically by a robot. These workpieces 17 processed at the first workpiece receiving portion 16 can then be secured directly or by a gripping station at the second workpiece receiving portion 18 in a repeat step 101.

[0076] The features disclosed in the foregoing description, claims, and drawings of the present invention are important not only individually but also in arbitrary combinations in the implementation of the invention in its various embodiments, and are within the scope of protection of the following claims.

[0077] List of reference numerals 2 Machine tools 4 racks 6. Working spindle 8. Spindle axis 10 Workpiece Stage 12. Tabletop axis 14 Workpiece clamp 16 First workpiece receiving section 17 workpieces 18 Second workpiece receiving section 20 clamping surfaces 22 Workpiece clamp rotation axis 24. Swing Support 26. Swing axis 28 Work Area 30 Loading and Unloading Areas

Claims

1. A machine tool (2) for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology, comprising a frame (4), a work spindle (6) rotatably supported about a spindle axis (8), and a worktable (10) associated with or connected to said at least one work spindle (6), rotatably or swingably supported about a table axis (12) indirectly or directly at the frame (4), and having at least one workpiece holder (14) fixed at the worktable (10), having at least one first workpiece receiving portion (16) at which a flat workpiece (17) can be fixed for machining a flat surface, and having at least one second workpiece receiving portion (18) extending transversely or obliquely to the first workpiece receiving portion (16) and at which a flat workpiece (17) can be fixed for machining an end face, wherein, At least one of the at least one workpiece stage (10) can be transferred from a first working position to a second working position by rotation or oscillation about the stage axis (12) associated thereto, in which the first workpiece receiving portion (16) is accessible to at least one of the at least one work spindle (6) for machining, and in the second working position the second workpiece receiving portion (18) is accessible to at least one of the at least one work spindle (6) for machining.

2. The machine tool (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the at least one workpiece stage (10) includes a clamping surface (20) thereon, on which at least one of the at least one workpiece holders (14) is arranged, and in the first working position it is arranged laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis (8) of the working spindle (6) associated with the workpiece stage (10) and in the second working position it is arranged laterally or obliquely to the spindle axis (8) of the working spindle (6) associated with the workpiece stage (10).

3. The machine tool (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first workpiece receiving portion (16) of the workpiece holder (14) extends parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) of the workpiece stage (10) and is fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion (16). The flat workpiece (17) extending parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) can be processed by the work spindle (6) at its flat surface extending parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface (20), and / or the second workpiece receiving portion (18) of the workpiece holder (14) extends transversely to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) of the workpiece stage (10) and is fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion (18). The flat workpiece (17) extending transversely to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) of the workpiece (17) can be processed by the work spindle (6) at its end face extending transversely to or inclined to the clamping surface (20).

4. The machine tool (2) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first workpiece receiving portion (16) is arranged on the top surface of the workpiece holder (14) that extends parallel to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) and is spaced apart from the clamping surface (20), and at least one of the at least two second workpiece receiving portions (18) is arranged on the side surface that extends laterally to or inclined to the clamping surface (20) between the clamping surface (20) and the top surface.

5. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one of the at least one workpiece holders (14) has at least two second workpiece receptacles (18) that extend laterally or obliquely to the first workpiece receptacle (16) respectively, and the workpiece holder (14) includes at least one workpiece holder driver. The workpiece holder (14) can be transferred from a first machining position to at least one additional machining position relative to the workpiece table (10) at least in a second working position on the workpiece table (10), in which the first second workpiece receptacle (18) is accessible to the work spindle (6), and in which the additional machining position is another second workpiece receptacle (18) accessible to the work spindle (6).

6. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one of the at least one workpiece holders (14) has a workpiece holder rotation axis (22) extending about the clamping surface (20) transverse to the workpiece table (10) at the clamping surface (20) of the workpiece table (10).

7. The machine tool (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transfer from the first processing position to the second processing position via the workpiece holder driver includes the rotation or oscillation of the workpiece holder (14) about the workpiece holder rotation axis (22).

8. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one of the at least first workpiece receiving portions (16) is used to fix the flat workpiece (17) thereon by roughing and semi-finishing (OP 10) of the at least one working spindle (6), and / or at least one of the at least second workpiece receiving portions (18) is used to fix the flat workpiece (17) thereon by finishing (OP 20) of the at least one working spindle (6).

9. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least two workpiece holders (14) are arranged at the workpiece table (10), which are spaced apart from each other on the same clamping surface (20), and in particular, the at least one working spindle (6) includes at least one first working spindle (6) associated with the first workpiece holder (14) of the at least two workpiece holders (14) and at least one additional working spindle (6) associated with the other workpiece holder (14) of the at least two workpiece holders (14).

10. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The at least one workpiece stage (10) includes at least two workpiece stages (10), wherein the first workpiece stage (10) is rotatable or oscillable about a first table axis (12), wherein the second workpiece stage (10) is rotatable or oscillable about a second table axis (12) without contact with the first workpiece stage (10), and wherein the first table axis (12) and the second table axis (12) extend parallel to each other.

11. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The at least one workpiece stage (10) is rotatably or swingably supported at a swing bracket (24), wherein the swing bracket (24) is rotatably or swingably supported at the frame (4) about a swing axis (26) and can be transferred from a first swing position to a second swing position, in which at least one of the at least one workpiece stage (10) can be arranged in a working area (28) facing the at least one working spindle (6), and in the second swing position the workpiece stage (10) is arranged in a loading and unloading area (30).

12. The machine tool (2) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The at least two workpiece stages (10) are arranged on opposite sides of the swing bracket (24), wherein at least one first workpiece stage (10) is arranged in the working area (28) in a first swing position of the swing bracket (24) and at least one second workpiece stage (10) is arranged in the loading and unloading area (30) in the first swing position of the swing bracket (24), and wherein the at least one first workpiece stage (10) is arranged in the loading and unloading area (30) in a second swing position of the swing bracket (24) and the at least one second workpiece stage (10) is arranged in the working area (28) in the second swing position of the swing bracket (24).

13. The machine tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The axis of the swing bracket, the at least one first tabletop axis (12) and / or the at least one second tabletop axis (12) extend parallel to the horizontally extending X-axis and in particular parallel to each other, or the axis of the swing bracket, the at least one first tabletop axis (12) and / or the at least one second tabletop axis (12) extend parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis and in particular parallel to each other.

14. The machine tool (2) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, When the at least one table axis (12), especially the first table axis (12), extends parallel to the horizontally extending X-axis, the first work spindle (6) and the at least one other work spindle (6) are arranged horizontally side by side with each other, and when the at least one table axis (12), especially the first table axis (12), extends parallel to the vertically extending Y-axis, the first workpiece spindle (6) and the at least one other work spindle (6) are arranged vertically overlapping each other.

15. A method for manufacturing flat instruments and / or tools for medical technology using a machine tool (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the following steps: a.100: The flat workpiece (17) is fixed at the at least one first workpiece receiving portion (16); b.101: Fix at least one workpiece (17) that has been processed at the first workpiece receiving portion (16) at one of the at least one second workpiece receiving portions (18); c.102: The workpiece stage (10) is transferred to the first working position, wherein the first workpiece receiving portion (16) is accessible to the at least one working spindle (6) for machining, and the workpiece (17) fixed at the first workpiece receiving portion (10) is machined by the working spindle (6). d.103: The workpiece stage (10) is transferred to the second working position, wherein the second workpiece receiving portion (18) is accessible to the at least one working spindle (6) for machining, and the workpiece (17) fixed at the second workpiece receiving portion (18) is machined by the working spindle (6). e.104: If necessary, the workpiece holder (14) may be moved from the first machining position to another machining position; f.105: Remove at least one workpiece (17) processed at the second workpiece receiving portion (18) and remove at least one workpiece (17) processed at the first workpiece receiving portion (16).

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