Immunohistochemical waste liquid system self-checking device, equipment and method

Abstract

The invention provides a self-checking device, equipment and method for an immunohistochemical waste liquid system. The self-checking device comprises a waste liquid system, a pressure source, a detection branch, a valve assembly and a control unit, the detection branch is connected with a pressure source and a vacuum tank of a waste liquid system, and a pressure collector is arranged on the detection branch; the valve assembly is arranged on the liquid suction pipeline, the liquid discharge pipeline and the detection branch; the pressure source, the pressure collector and the valve assembly are electrically connected to the control unit. The opening and closing states of the valve assembly are regulated and controlled through the control unit, so that the pressure source can be communicated with the liquid suction branch and the liquid drainage branch through the detection branch, pressure values in different communication states are obtained in combination with the pressure collector, the smoothness of the branches can be judged based on the pressure values, and the air tightness of the branches can be detected based on the pressure values. Distinguished diagnosis of the states of all the functional sections of the waste liquid system and early warning of faults are achieved, manual maintenance dependence is greatly reduced, the troubleshooting efficiency is improved, and stable operation of immunohistochemical equipment is practically guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste liquid system testing technology, and more specifically to a self-testing device, equipment and method for an immunohistochemical waste liquid system. Background Technology

[0002] Immunohistochemistry equipment is one of the core automated devices in hospital pathology departments. During sample testing, it frequently handles various chemical reagents such as DAB chromogenic agents, hematoxylin, high-viscosity antibodies, and cleaning solutions. These reagents are characterized by high viscosity, easy crystallization, strong corrosiveness, and a tendency to produce chemical deposits. After long-term operation, the pipelines, solenoid valves, and other components of the waste liquid system in the immunohistochemistry equipment are prone to blockage. At the same time, the sealing performance is also prone to decline, which can lead to equipment failures such as waste liquid leakage, abnormal liquid extraction, and abnormal liquid discharge, seriously affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, existing monitoring methods for waste liquid systems are relatively limited, typically relying on waste liquid tank level detection, vacuum pump operation status monitoring, or simple flow rate determination to monitor the system's status. These methods cannot accurately differentiate and diagnose different functional stages within the waste liquid system, such as aspiration and discharge, nor can they provide effective early warnings of potential anomalies before equipment failure occurs. When the waste liquid system of an immunohistochemistry device malfunctions, it often requires professional after-sales personnel to conduct a segment-by-segment inspection of the liquid path. This not only results in low equipment maintenance efficiency but also increases the risk of staining failures in pathological samples during experiments, adversely affecting pathological testing.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-inspection scheme for immunohistochemical waste liquid systems that can automatically complete the status detection of the waste liquid system and perform individual status detection of different liquid path functional sections. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a self-testing device, equipment and method for immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, so as to solve the technical problems of existing immunohistochemistry waste liquid systems being unable to perform zoned diagnosis and relying on manual segment-by-segment inspection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, comprising: The waste liquid system includes a reaction chamber, a liquid suction pipe, a vacuum tank, a liquid discharge pipe, and a waste liquid collection container connected in sequence. The reaction chamber, the liquid suction pipe, and the vacuum chamber form a liquid suction branch, and the vacuum tank, the liquid discharge pipe, and the waste liquid collection container form an exhaust branch. A pressure source, which provides negative pressure to the suction branch and positive pressure to the discharge branch; A detection branch is provided, which connects the pressure source and the vacuum tank, and a pressure acquisition device is provided on the detection branch; A valve assembly is disposed on the liquid suction line, the liquid discharge line and the detection branch, and is used to open or close the liquid suction branch, the liquid discharge branch and the detection branch; The control unit is electrically connected to the pressure source, pressure acquisition device, and valve assembly. The control unit is configured to control the opening and closing state of the valve assembly to connect the pressure source to the liquid suction branch or the liquid discharge branch through the detection branch, and to determine the patency of the liquid suction branch, the patency of the liquid discharge branch, or the airtightness of the detection branch based on the pressure values ​​obtained by the pressure acquisition device under different connection states.

[0007] In one embodiment, the valve assembly includes a tee connector; the three ends of the tee connector are respectively connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the negative pressure end of the pressure source, and the pressure acquisition device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the valve assembly further includes: a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve disposed between the pressure source and the three-way connector; the first solenoid valve is connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source and one end of the three-way connector, and the first solenoid valve is configured to connect the positive pressure end of the pressure source and the three-way connector when detecting the patency of the drainage branch and the airtightness of the branch; the second solenoid valve is connected to the negative pressure end of the pressure source and one end of the three-way connector, and the second solenoid valve is configured to connect the negative pressure end of the pressure source and the three-way connector when detecting the patency of the suction branch and the airtightness of the detection branch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the valve assembly includes a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve; the two ends of the third solenoid valve are respectively connected to the reaction chamber and the vacuum tank, and the third solenoid valve is configured to open when the patency of the liquid suction branch is detected, so as to connect the reaction chamber and the vacuum tank; the two ends of the fourth solenoid valve are respectively connected to the vacuum tank and the waste liquid collection container, and the fourth solenoid valve is configured to open when the patency of the liquid discharge branch is detected, so as to connect the vacuum tank and the waste liquid collection container.

[0010] In one embodiment, the valve assembly includes a pressure relief valve disposed between the pressure collector and the vacuum tank.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system self-testing device, which includes: at least one immunohistochemistry waste liquid system self-testing device as described above.

[0012] In one embodiment, the number of the self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system is two or more; all the self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system are connected in parallel, and the self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system connected in parallel share the same reaction chamber and waste liquid collection container.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides a self-testing method for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, applied to the self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described above, or the self-testing equipment for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described above, the method comprising: Control the valve assembly to connect the waste liquid system and the detection branch to the atmosphere, obtain the initial pressure value P0 collected by the pressure collector, and if |P0| is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold α, then the pressure collector is determined to be faulty. Control the valve assembly to isolate the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, turn on the pressure source, and obtain the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. The valve assembly is controlled to connect to the liquid suction branch, as well as to the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to provide negative pressure, and the first pressure value P collected by the pressure collector is obtained. v2 If the first pressure value P v2 If the pressure is ≤ the first blockage threshold β, then the suction branch is determined to be completely blocked; if the first blockage threshold β < the first pressure value P v2 If the value is less than or equal to the second blockage threshold θ, then the liquid suction branch is determined to be partially blocked; The valve assembly is controlled to connect to the drain branch, as well as to the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to provide positive pressure, and the second pressure value P collected by the pressure collector is obtained. v8 If the second pressure value P v8 If the third blockage threshold γ is greater than or equal to the second pressure value P, the drainage branch is determined to be completely blocked; if the fourth blockage threshold δ is less than the second pressure value P, the drainage branch is determined to be completely blocked. v8 If the value is less than or equal to the third blockage threshold γ, then the drainage branch is determined to be partially blocked.

[0014] In one embodiment, controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, opens the pressure source, and acquires the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. This includes: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to evacuate to a preset negative pressure value P. S1 And maintain pressure for the first preset time T1; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a first preset time T1 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

[0015] In one embodiment, controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, opens the pressure source, and acquires the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. This includes: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to pressurize to a preset positive pressure value P. S2 And maintain pressure for a second preset time T2; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a second preset time T2 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: This invention controls the opening and closing state of the valve assembly through the control unit, so that the pressure source can be connected to the liquid suction branch and the liquid discharge branch through the detection branch respectively. Combined with the pressure acquisition device to obtain the pressure value under different connection states, it can judge the unobstructedness of each branch and the airtightness of the detection branch, realize the differentiation and diagnosis of the state of each functional section of the waste liquid system, as well as the early warning of faults, greatly reduce the reliance on manual maintenance, improve the efficiency of fault diagnosis, and effectively ensure the stable operation of the immunohistochemistry equipment.

[0017] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity cover of a self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Pressure source; 2. First solenoid valve; 3. T-connector; 4. Pressure collector; 5. Reaction chamber; 6. Third solenoid valve; 7. Vacuum tank; 8. Fourth solenoid valve; 9. Waste liquid collection container; 10. Second solenoid valve; 11. Pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprising” and “including” indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0022] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0024] Example 1 See Figure 1As shown, this embodiment discloses a self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, comprising: a waste liquid system, which includes a reaction chamber 5, a suction pipe, a vacuum tank 7, a drain pipe, and a waste liquid collection container 9 connected in sequence. The reaction chamber 5, the suction pipe, and the vacuum chamber form a suction branch, and the vacuum tank 7, the drain pipe, and the waste liquid collection container 9 form an exhaust branch. It can be understood that during normal operation of the immunohistochemistry equipment, the waste liquid generated in the reaction chamber 5 is drawn into the vacuum tank 7 under negative pressure through the suction pipe for temporary storage. The waste liquid in the vacuum tank 7 is then naturally or pressurized into the waste liquid collection container 9 through the drain pipe, completing the overall waste liquid collection process. Preferably, the pipes of the waste liquid system are all made of corrosion-resistant and anti-crystallization materials, suitable for the transport requirements of high-viscosity, highly corrosive, and easily depositing reagents in immunohistochemistry; the volume of the vacuum tank 7 can be adjusted according to the waste liquid flow rate of the immunohistochemistry equipment to avoid pressure fluctuations in the pipes caused by frequent waste liquid discharge.

[0025] The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment further includes: a pressure source 1, which provides negative pressure for the aspiration branch and positive pressure for the discharge branch. When negative pressure is supplied to the aspiration branch, i.e., when the pressure source 1 performs negative pressure / vacuum operation, the negative pressure is transmitted sequentially through the detection branch to the vacuum tank 7 and the aspiration pipeline, and finally acts on the reaction chamber 5, so that the waste liquid generated in the reaction chamber 5 can smoothly enter the vacuum tank 7; when positive pressure is supplied to the discharge branch, i.e., when the pressure source 1 performs pressurization operation, the positive pressure is transmitted through the detection branch to the vacuum tank 7, and then the vacuum tank 7 pressurizes the discharge pipeline, so that the waste liquid in the vacuum tank 7 can smoothly enter the waste liquid collection container 9. The pressure source 1 in this embodiment integrates negative pressure and positive pressure dual output functions, eliminating the need to set up separate pressure devices for aspiration and discharge, simplifying the overall hardware structure of the device, and providing a stable power foundation for negative pressure aspiration of the aspiration branch and positive pressure detection and positive pressure discharge of the discharge branch.

[0026] The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment further includes: a detection branch, which connects the pressure source 1 and the vacuum tank 7, and a pressure acquisition device 4 is installed on the detection branch. In specific implementation, pressure sensors, pressure transmitters, pressure gauges, and other acquisition devices can be used as the pressure acquisition device 4. It can be understood that when the pressure source 1 is connected to the aspiration branch through the detection branch, a complete aspiration section is formed; when the pressure source 1 is connected to the drainage branch through the detection branch, a complete drainage section is formed. The pressure source 1 is connected to the vacuum tank 7 through the detection branch to adjust the pressure changes in the vacuum tank 7 and the branches connected to the vacuum tank 7. The pressure changes in the vacuum tank 7 and the connected branches can also be transmitted back to the pressure acquisition device 4 through the detection branch. The pressure acquisition device 4 can capture the pressure signal changes in the detection branch in real time. The detection branch serves as a pressure transmission channel between pressure source 1 and vacuum tank 7, enabling directional pressure transmission. The pressure acquisition device 4 allows for quantifiable acquisition of pipeline pressure changes. The complete formation of the liquid suction section and the liquid discharge section provides a closed detection loop for subsequent segmented testing of the unobstructed flow of each branch, ensuring the accuracy of pressure detection and effectively promoting the automation of the self-testing device.

[0027] The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment further includes a valve assembly. The valve assembly is installed on the aspiration line, the drainage line, and the detection branch, and is used to open or close the aspiration branch, the drainage branch, and the detection branch. When the valve assembly opens the corresponding branch, the waste liquid or pressure can flow normally along the pipeline of that branch; when the valve assembly closes the corresponding branch, the flow path of the waste liquid or pressure is physically cut off, achieving complete isolation between the branches. It is understood that the valve assembly provides an electrically controlled switching means for the opening and closing of each branch, and, in conjunction with the control unit, achieves automated on / off control, replacing manual switching and improving the automation level of the testing process. Through the combined control of different valves, the aspiration, drainage, and detection branches can be operated independently or connected as needed, meeting the pipeline switching requirements for different testing conditions such as airtightness testing, aspiration branch testing, and drainage branch testing.

[0028] The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment further includes: a control unit, a pressure source 1, a pressure acquisition unit 4, and a valve assembly electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is configured to control the opening and closing state of the valve assembly, so that the pressure source 1 connects to the suction branch or the discharge branch through the detection branch. Based on the pressure values ​​obtained by the pressure acquisition unit 4 under different connection states, the control unit determines the patency of the suction branch, the patency of the discharge branch, or the airtightness of the detection branch, so as to accurately locate the blockage or faulty device. After the control unit controls the valve assembly to complete the opening and closing switching according to the detection requirements, the positive or negative pressure output by the pressure source 1 will act on the target suction branch or discharge branch through the detection branch according to the preset path. After the pressure forms a stable pressure field in the target branch, the pressure change will be fed back to the pressure acquisition unit 4 in real time.

[0029] As can be seen from the above, the self-testing device of the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment controls the opening and closing state of the valve assembly through the control unit, so that the pressure source 1 can be connected to the suction branch and the discharge branch through the detection branch respectively. Combined with the pressure acquisition device 4 to obtain the pressure value under different connection states, it can judge the unobstructedness of each branch and the airtightness of the detection branch based on this, realize the differentiation and diagnosis of the state of each functional section of the waste liquid system, as well as the early warning of faults, greatly reduce the reliance on manual maintenance, improve the efficiency of fault diagnosis, and effectively ensure the stable operation of the immunohistochemistry equipment.

[0030] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly includes a tee connector 3; the three ends of the tee connector 3 are respectively connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1, the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1, and the pressure collector 4. The positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 can be sequentially connected to the pressure collector 4 and subsequent branches via the tee connector 3, and the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1 can also be sequentially connected to the pressure collector 4 and subsequent branches via the tee connector 3. The pressure collector 4 can directly collect the pipeline pressure value of the entire suction section or discharge section. In addition, the tee connector 3 realizes the centralized connection between the positive and negative pressure ends of the pressure source 1 and the pressure collector 4, simplifies the pipeline connection structure of the detection branch, reduces the number of pipeline joints, reduces the risk of pressure leakage caused by poor joint sealing, and ensures smooth and interference-free transmission of positive and negative pressure.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly further includes: a first solenoid valve 2 disposed between the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3; the first solenoid valve 2 is connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 and one end of the three-way connector 3, and the first solenoid valve 2 is configured to connect the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3 when detecting the unobstructedness of the drainage branch and the airtightness of the branch. The first solenoid valve 2 may be a three-way valve, and its three ends are respectively connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1, one end of the three-way connector 3, and the outside. When testing the drainage branch, the first solenoid valve 2 connects the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 to the three-way connector 3, and connects this connection to the drainage branch to form a drainage section. When the pressure source 1 outputs positive pressure, it provides a positive pressure environment for the drainage section. Under this environment, the pressure value of the drainage section can be collected by the pressure acquisition device 4. If the pressure value exceeds the preset third blockage threshold γ, the drainage section is determined to be blocked and cannot be used. If the pressure value is between the third blockage threshold γ and the fourth blockage threshold δ (the fourth blockage threshold δ < the third blockage threshold γ), the drainage section is determined to be slightly blocked. Although this does not affect the normal use of the instrument, there is a risk of blockage after long-term use. Relevant personnel can be notified in advance to make a maintenance plan so that maintenance can be carried out when the current self-testing device or immune component equipment is available. When testing the airtightness of the test branch, specifically, the end of the drainage section is tested. When checking the airtightness of the end, the first solenoid valve 2 opens the passage between the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3, while the other solenoid valves are closed. The pressure source 1 pressurizes and maintains the pressure for a certain period of time. The pressure drop rate during this pressure maintenance time is calculated by the pressure acquisition device 4, which is the rate at which the internal pressure of the detection branch decreases per unit time. If the pressure drop rate exceeds the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch. In addition, the first solenoid valve 2 can also be used to detect whether the pressure acquisition device 4 is faulty. Specifically, the first solenoid valve 2 can open the passage between the three-way connector 3 and the outside. The outside air flows along the passage to the three-way connector 3, making the detection branch connected to the atmosphere. At this time, the pressure value collected by the pressure acquisition device 4 is the initial pressure value. If the initial pressure value exceeds the first preset threshold α, it is determined that the pressure acquisition device 4 is faulty and needs to be maintained before pressure detection can be performed. Therefore, the first solenoid valve 2, as a three-way valve, realizes one-click switching of the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1, the three-way connector 3, and the external passage. It not only meets the positive pressure supply requirements for the detection of the drainage branch, but also realizes the atmospheric connection requirements before the fault detection of the pressure collector 4. There is no need to set up an additional valve to achieve this function, which simplifies the overall structure of the valve assembly.

[0032] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly further includes a second solenoid valve 10 disposed between the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3; the second solenoid valve 10 is connected to the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1 and one end of the three-way connector 3, and the second solenoid valve 10 is configured to connect the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3 when detecting the patency of the liquid suction branch and the airtightness of the detection branch. The second solenoid valve 10 may be a three-way valve, and its three ends are respectively connected to the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1, one end of the three-way connector 3, and the outside. When testing the suction branch, the first solenoid valve 2 connects the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1 to the three-way connector 3, and connects this connection to the suction branch to form a suction section. When the pressure source 1 operates in negative pressure mode, it provides a positive pressure environment for the suction section. Under this environment, the pressure value of the suction section can be collected by the pressure acquisition device 4. If the pressure value is less than the preset first blockage threshold β, the suction section is determined to be blocked and cannot be used. If the pressure value is between the first blockage threshold β and the second blockage threshold θ (first blockage threshold β < second blockage threshold θ), the suction section is determined to be slightly blocked. Although this does not affect the normal use of the instrument, there is a risk of blockage after long-term use. Relevant personnel can be notified in advance to make a maintenance plan so that maintenance can be performed when the current self-testing device or immune component equipment is available. When testing the airtightness of the test branch, specifically, the airtightness of the end of the suction section is tested. When pressure is applied, the second solenoid valve 10 opens the passage between the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1 and the three-way connector 3, while the other solenoid valves are closed. The pressure source 1 maintains negative pressure for a certain period of time. The pressure drop rate during this pressure maintenance time is calculated by the pressure acquisition device 4, which is the rate at which the internal pressure of the detection branch decreases per unit time. If the pressure drop rate exceeds the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch. In addition, the first solenoid valve 2 can also be used to detect whether the pressure acquisition device 4 is faulty. Specifically, the second solenoid valve 10 and the first solenoid valve 2 can open the passage between the three-way connector 3 and the outside. The outside air flows along the passage to the three-way connector 3, making the detection branch connected to the atmosphere. At this time, the pressure value collected by the pressure acquisition device 4 is the initial pressure value. If the initial pressure value exceeds the first preset threshold α, it is determined that the pressure acquisition device 4 is faulty and needs to be maintained before pressure detection can be performed. Therefore, the second solenoid valve 10, as a three-way valve, enables one-click switching of the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1, the three-way connector 3, and the external passage. It not only meets the positive pressure supply requirement for the liquid suction branch detection, but also meets the atmospheric connection requirement before the pressure collector 4 is detected for faults. This function can be achieved without setting up an additional valve, which simplifies the overall structure of the valve assembly.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly includes a third solenoid valve 6. The third solenoid valve 6 is a two-way valve, with its two ends connected to the reaction chamber 5 and the vacuum tank 7, respectively. The third solenoid valve 6 is configured to open when the patency of the liquid suction branch is detected, thereby connecting the reaction chamber 5 and the vacuum tank 7. When the third solenoid valve 6 is open, the liquid suction line between the reaction chamber 5 and the vacuum tank 7 is connected. When the second solenoid valve 10 is also open, the pressure source 1 connects to the reaction chamber 5 via the detection branch, the vacuum tank 7, and the liquid suction line, forming a complete liquid suction section. The third solenoid valve 6, as a two-way valve, controls the opening and closing of the passage between the reaction chamber 5 and the vacuum tank 7, and can open when the liquid suction branch is detected, ensuring the integrity of the liquid suction section detection circuit.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly includes a fourth solenoid valve 8. The fourth solenoid valve 8 is a two-way valve, with its two ends connected to the vacuum tank 7 and the waste liquid collection container 9, respectively. The fourth solenoid valve 8 is configured to open when the drainage branch is being tested for patency, thereby connecting the vacuum tank 7 and the waste liquid collection container 9. When the fourth solenoid valve 8 is open, the drainage pipeline between the vacuum tank 7 and the waste liquid collection container 9 is connected, and the positive pressure provided by the pressure source 1 can be transmitted to the waste liquid collection container 9 via the vacuum tank 7 and the drainage pipeline. When the first solenoid valve 2 is also open, the pressure source 1 is connected to the waste liquid collection container 9 via the detection branch, the vacuum tank 7, and the drainage pipeline, forming a complete drainage section. The fourth solenoid valve 8, as a two-way valve, enables controllable opening and closing of the passage between the vacuum tank 7 and the waste liquid collection container 9, and can open when the drainage branch is being tested, ensuring the integrity of the drainage branch detection circuit.

[0035] In a further embodiment, the valve assembly includes a pressure relief valve 11, which is positioned between the pressure acquisition device 4 and the vacuum tank 7. When the pressure in the detection branch, vacuum tank 7, suction branch, and discharge branch exceeds a preset safety value, the pressure relief valve 11 automatically opens, allowing high-pressure gas in the tank and pipeline to be discharged outwards. When the pressure drops to a safe value, the pressure relief valve 11 automatically closes, restoring the pipeline to a sealed state. The pressure relief valve 11 provides a pressure safety protection mechanism for the device, preventing equipment malfunctions such as pipeline rupture and valve damage caused by excessive pressure in the pipeline, ensuring the safe operation of the self-testing device and the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, and avoiding distortion of pressure acquisition data caused by excessive pressure.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure relief valve 11 is a two-way valve, with one end connected to the detection branch and the other end connected to the outside. When the pressure relief valve 11 is open, the detection branch is connected to the outside atmosphere. It is understood that during pressure acquisition device 4 fault detection, the first solenoid valve 2, the second solenoid valve 10, the third solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 8, and the pressure relief valve 11 are all open. After the pressure acquisition device 4 acquires the initial pressure value, all solenoid valves and the pressure relief valve 11 are closed. It is also understood that, in addition to opening the pressure relief valve 11 to connect the detection branch to the outside atmosphere, the operation of connecting to the atmosphere can also involve controlling the first solenoid valve 2 or the second solenoid valve 10 to switch to connecting to the outside atmosphere.

[0037] Example 2 See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, comprising at least one self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described in Embodiment 1. The modular design employing at least one self-testing device allows for flexible adaptation to immunohistochemistry equipment with different throughputs. A single device can meet the self-testing requirements of a single branch for low-throughput equipment, while a combination of multiple devices can meet the simultaneous self-testing requirements of multiple branches for high-throughput equipment, significantly improving the device's adaptability to various scenarios. The number of self-testing devices can be flexibly configured according to the actual number of waste liquid branches in the immunohistochemistry equipment, achieving customization on demand. Each self-testing device can independently complete the self-testing process and independently report the test results to the control unit, facilitating accurate location of faults in each waste liquid branch.

[0038] In a further embodiment, the number of self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system is two or more; all self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system are connected in parallel. Each parallel self-testing device's waste liquid system can independently complete the waste liquid aspiration and discharge process, and the gas path of the detection branch also independently performs pressure transmission and pressure detection. The positive and negative pressures of pressure source 1 can independently supply pressure to the detection branches of each parallel device, and the pipelines between the devices cannot flow between each other. The parallel setup of multiple self-testing devices enables synchronous and independent self-testing of multiple branches of the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system. The detection processes of each branch do not interfere with each other, significantly improving the self-testing efficiency of high-throughput immunohistochemistry equipment. Simultaneously, it allows for precise location and independent isolation of faulty branches without affecting the operation of other normal self-testing devices.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the parallel-connected immunohistochemistry waste fluid system self-testing devices can share the same reaction chamber 5 and waste fluid collection container 9. The suction lines of each parallel self-testing device are all uniformly connected to the same reaction chamber 5. The immunohistochemistry waste fluid in the reaction chamber 5 can flow into the vacuum tank 7 of the corresponding self-testing device through each suction line. The waste fluid in each device's vacuum tank 7 then flows into the same waste fluid collection container 9 through its respective drain line, completing the centralized collection of waste fluid. Sharing the reaction chamber 5 and waste fluid collection container 9 significantly reduces the number of hardware components, lowers the overall manufacturing cost and installation space of the equipment, and simultaneously achieves centralized collection and unified treatment of immunohistochemistry waste fluid, simplifying the waste fluid management process of immunohistochemistry equipment.

[0040] Understandably, in applications with multiple immunohistochemistry waste liquid system self-testing devices connected in parallel, when an anomaly is detected in one of these devices, the control unit will selectively isolate the malfunctioning device based on the self-test results. The operation of the remaining normal devices will remain unaffected. For example, suppose an immunohistochemistry system has three parallel-connected self-testing devices (A, B, and C). When the control unit receives the self-test feedback and detects a blockage in the aspiration branch of device A, while the branches of devices B and C are functioning normally, the control unit will immediately trigger an alarm, indicating that device A is unusable. Simultaneously, it will remind the operator not to perform film loading operations at the workstation corresponding to device A via software commands or a display device. At the same time, the control unit will implement a hardware lock on device A, preventing all pipeline valves and pressure transmission functions from operating independently, thus achieving physical isolation. Meanwhile, self-testing devices B and C remain in normal working and self-testing state and can continue to be used by operators. This ensures that the immunohistochemistry equipment always has usable working units and effectively avoids problems such as failure of pathological sample staining and sample loss caused by the failure of self-testing device A.

[0041] Example 3 See Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a self-testing method for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, applicable to the self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in Embodiment 1, or the self-testing equipment for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in Embodiment 2. See also... Figure 2 As shown, the self-testing method for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system in this embodiment includes the following steps S100-S400.

[0042] S100: Control the valve assembly to connect the waste liquid system and the detection branch to the atmosphere, and obtain the initial pressure value P0 collected by the pressure collector. If |P0| is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold α, then the pressure collector is determined to be faulty.

[0043] Step S100 is achieved through the control unit, pressure acquisition device 4, and the first solenoid valve 2, second solenoid valve 10, third solenoid valve 6, fourth solenoid valve 8, and pressure relief valve 11 in the valve assembly, as described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, the control unit first issues a fault detection command to open the first solenoid valve 2, second solenoid valve 10, third solenoid valve 6, fourth solenoid valve 8, and pressure relief valve 11 until the pressure acquisition device 4 completes the acquisition of the initial pressure value P0. After the acquisition is completed, the control unit sends a shutdown command to close the first solenoid valve 2, second solenoid valve 10, third solenoid valve 6, fourth solenoid valve 8, and pressure relief valve 11. Step S100 serves as a pre-calibration step in the entire self-test process, quickly and automatically verifying the working status of the pressure acquisition device 4. This avoids the problem of distortion of all subsequent test data due to acquisition device failure from the source, ensuring the accuracy of the test results in the subsequent self-test process. Moreover, the entire process requires no manual intervention, improving the overall efficiency of the self-test.

[0044] S200: Control the valve assembly to isolate the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, turn on the pressure source, and obtain the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

[0045] Step S200 is achieved through the control unit, pressure source 1, pressure acquisition device 4, and the first solenoid valve 2, second solenoid valve 10, third solenoid valve 6, fourth solenoid valve 8, and pressure relief valve 11 in the valve assembly, as described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, before the airtightness test, the first solenoid valve 2, second solenoid valve 10, third solenoid valve 6, fourth solenoid valve 8, and pressure relief valve 11 are in the closed state, achieving complete isolation between the waste liquid system and the detection branch and the atmosphere. Subsequently, the control unit issues a command to open the pressure source 1, and simultaneously selectively opens the first solenoid valve 2 or the second solenoid valve 10 according to the detection requirements, connecting the pressure source 1 with the detection branch and vacuum tank 7. After the pressure holding test is completed, the pressure source 1 is closed. Step S200 achieves quantitative detection of the overall airtightness of the detection branch and the waste liquid system. By monitoring the pressure drop rate after isolating the atmosphere, it is more sensitive than simple pressure value judgment, and can accurately identify minor leakage problems in the system, laying a good sealing foundation for the subsequent unobstructedness test of the liquid suction and discharge branches, and avoiding interference from airtightness problems with the subsequent branch test results.

[0046] S300: Control the valve assembly to connect to the liquid suction branch, and to connect to the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank; control the pressure source to provide negative pressure; and acquire the first pressure value P collected by the pressure collector. v2 If the first pressure value P v2If the pressure is ≤ the first blockage threshold β, then the suction branch is determined to be completely blocked; if the first blockage threshold β < the first pressure value P v2 If the value is less than or equal to the second blockage threshold θ, then the liquid suction branch is determined to be partially blocked.

[0047] Step S300 is achieved through the control unit, the negative pressure end of pressure source 1, pressure acquisition device 4, and the second solenoid valve 10 and the third solenoid valve 6 in the valve assembly, as described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, before the liquid suction branch patency test, the first solenoid valve 2, the second solenoid valve 10, the third solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 8, and the pressure relief valve 11 remain closed. Then, the control unit issues a command to open the second solenoid valve 10 and the third solenoid valve 6, so that the negative pressure end of pressure source 1, pressure acquisition device 4, vacuum tank 7, and liquid suction branch form a complete closed detection loop. This open state is maintained until the pressure acquisition device 4 completes the first pressure value P. v2 The pressure is collected; then the control unit turns on pressure source 1 and controls it to continuously provide negative pressure. After the pressure stabilizes, the pressure collector 4 is triggered to collect the first pressure value P. v2 After data collection, pressure source 1, second solenoid valve 10, and third solenoid valve 6 are shut off. Step S300 simulates the actual working state of the aspiration branch under negative pressure, ensuring that the test results closely match the actual operating conditions of the equipment. This enables precise, graded testing of the patency of the aspiration branch; it can not only identify complete blockage faults but also detect potential risks of partial blockages (micro-blockages) in advance, providing accurate data support for preventative equipment maintenance and avoiding sample staining failures caused by sudden blockages in the aspiration branch.

[0048] S400: Control the valve assembly to connect to the drain branch, and to connect to the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank; control the pressure source to provide positive pressure; and acquire the second pressure value P collected by the pressure collector. v8 If the second pressure value P v8 If the third blockage threshold γ is greater than or equal to the second pressure value P, the drainage branch is determined to be completely blocked; if the fourth blockage threshold δ is less than the second pressure value P, the drainage branch is determined to be completely blocked. v8 If the value is less than or equal to the third blockage threshold γ, then the drainage branch is determined to be partially blocked.

[0049] Step S400 is achieved through the control unit, the positive pressure end of pressure source 1, pressure acquisition device 4, and the first solenoid valve 2 and the fourth solenoid valve 8 in the valve assembly, as described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, before the unobstructedness test of the drainage branch, the first solenoid valve 2, the second solenoid valve 10, the third solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 8, and the pressure relief valve 11 remain closed. Then, the control unit issues a command to open the first solenoid valve 2 and the fourth solenoid valve 8, so that the positive pressure end of pressure source 1, pressure acquisition device 4, vacuum tank 7, and drainage branch form a complete closed detection loop. This open state is maintained until the pressure acquisition device 4 completes the second pressure value P.v8 The pressure is collected; subsequently, the control unit turns on pressure source 1 and controls it to continuously provide positive pressure. After the pressure stabilizes, the pressure collector 4 is triggered to collect the second pressure value P. v8 After collection, pressure source 1, first solenoid valve 2, and fourth solenoid valve 8 are shut off. By pressurizing, the patency of the drainage branch is detected, precisely solving the industry problem of traditional gravity or vacuum methods failing to effectively detect crystallization and high-viscosity reagent deposition blockage in immunohistochemistry drainage lines. Simultaneously, it can accurately distinguish between complete and partial blockage, identifying micro-blockage risks in advance, effectively ensuring the normal operation of the drainage branch, and reducing problems such as waste liquid accumulation and equipment failure caused by abnormal drainage.

[0050] In a further embodiment, step S200, which involves controlling the valve assembly to isolate the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, turning on the pressure source, and acquiring the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. This includes the following specific steps: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to evacuate to a preset negative pressure value P. S1 And maintain pressure for the first preset time T1; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a first preset time T1 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

[0051] Specifically, before testing the airtightness of the branch circuit, ensure that the first solenoid valve 2, the third solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 8, and the pressure relief valve 11 are in the closed state; then, open the second solenoid valve 10 to form a connected circuit between the negative pressure end of the pressure source 1, the pressure collector 4, and the vacuum tank 7; after the above circuit is connected, the control unit opens the pressure source 1 and controls it to evacuate to the preset negative pressure value P. S1 ; Reaching the preset negative pressure value P S1Afterwards, pressure source 1 is kept under pressure and timed for a first preset time T1. During the pressure holding time, pressure source 1 maintains a stable working state. Pressure acquisition device 4 continuously collects pressure data in the pipeline within the first preset time T1 of pressure holding, and the control unit synchronously receives and records this pressure data. The control unit calculates the pressure drop rate based on the collected pressure data and automatically compares the calculation result with the preset warning value. After the test is completed, all solenoid valves and pressure source 1 are closed. By using constant pressure holding and timing, a stable and standard test condition is provided for the calculation of the pressure drop rate, avoiding errors in the calculation of the pressure drop rate caused by pressure fluctuations and insufficient test time, making the airtightness test results on the negative pressure side more reliable and more referential.

[0052] In a further embodiment, step S200, which involves controlling the valve assembly to isolate the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, turning on the pressure source, and acquiring the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. This step also includes the following specific steps: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to pressurize to a preset positive pressure value P. S2 And maintain pressure for a second preset time T2; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a second preset time T2 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

[0053] Specifically, before testing the airtightness of the branch circuit, ensure that the first solenoid valve 2, the third solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 8, and the pressure relief valve 11 are in the closed state; then, open the first solenoid valve 2 to form a connected circuit between the positive pressure end of the pressure source 1, the pressure collector 4, and the vacuum tank 7; after the above circuit is connected, the control unit opens the pressure source 1 and controls it to pressurize to the preset positive pressure value P. S2 ; Reaching the preset positive pressure value P S2Afterwards, pressure source 1 is kept under pressure and timed for a second preset time T2. During the pressure holding time, pressure source 1 maintains a stable working state. Pressure acquisition device 4 continuously collects pressure data in the pipeline within the second preset time T2 of the pressure holding period. The control unit synchronously receives and records this pressure data. The control unit calculates the pressure drop rate based on the collected pressure data and automatically compares the calculation result with the preset warning value. After the test is completed, all solenoid valves and pressure source 1 are closed. By using constant pressure holding and timing, a stable and standard test condition is provided for the calculation of the pressure drop rate, avoiding errors in the calculation of the pressure drop rate caused by pressure fluctuations and insufficient test time, making the positive pressure side airtightness test results more reliable and more referential.

[0054] The above examples are merely illustrative of the technical content of the present invention to facilitate easier understanding by the reader, but do not imply that the implementation of the present invention is limited to these examples. Any technical extensions or re-creations made based on the present invention are protected by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, comprising a waste liquid system, wherein the waste liquid system includes a reaction chamber, a suction pipe, a vacuum tank, a drain pipe, and a waste liquid collection container connected in sequence, wherein the reaction chamber, the suction pipe, and the vacuum chamber form a suction branch, and the vacuum tank, the drain pipe, and the waste liquid collection container form an exhaust branch, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure source, which provides negative pressure to the suction branch and positive pressure to the discharge branch; A detection branch is provided, which connects the pressure source and the vacuum tank, and a pressure acquisition device is provided on the detection branch; A valve assembly is disposed on the liquid suction line, the liquid discharge line and the detection branch, and is used to open or close the liquid suction branch, the liquid discharge branch and the detection branch; The control unit is electrically connected to the pressure source, pressure acquisition device, and valve assembly. The control unit is configured to control the opening and closing state of the valve assembly to connect the pressure source to the liquid suction branch or the liquid discharge branch through the detection branch, and to determine the patency of the liquid suction branch, the patency of the liquid discharge branch, or the airtightness of the detection branch based on the pressure values ​​obtained by the pressure acquisition device under different connection states.

2. The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve assembly includes a three-way connector; the three ends of the three-way connector are respectively connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the negative pressure end of the pressure source, and the pressure acquisition device.

3. The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve assembly further includes: a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve disposed between the pressure source and the three-way connector; the first solenoid valve is connected to the positive pressure end of the pressure source and one end of the three-way connector, and the first solenoid valve is configured to connect the positive pressure end of the pressure source and the three-way connector when detecting the unobstructedness of the drainage branch and the airtightness of the branch; the second solenoid valve is connected to the negative pressure end of the pressure source and one end of the three-way connector, and the second solenoid valve is configured to connect the negative pressure end of the pressure source and the three-way connector when detecting the unobstructedness of the suction branch and the airtightness of the detection branch.

4. The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve assembly includes a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve; the two ends of the third solenoid valve are respectively connected to the reaction chamber and the vacuum tank, and the third solenoid valve is configured to open when the patency of the liquid suction branch is detected, so as to connect the reaction chamber and the vacuum tank; the two ends of the fourth solenoid valve are respectively connected to the vacuum tank and the waste liquid collection container, and the fourth solenoid valve is configured to open when the patency of the liquid discharge branch is detected, so as to connect the vacuum tank and the waste liquid collection container.

5. The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve assembly includes a pressure relief valve, which is located between the pressure collector and the vacuum tank.

6. A self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, characterized in that, include: At least one self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The self-testing device for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system is two or more; all self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system are connected in parallel, and the self-testing devices for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system connected in parallel share the same reaction chamber and waste liquid collection container.

8. A method for self-testing an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system, applied to the self-testing device for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described in any one of claims 1-5, or the self-testing equipment for an immunohistochemistry waste liquid system as described in any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that, include: Control the valve assembly to connect the waste liquid system and the detection branch to the atmosphere, obtain the initial pressure value P0 collected by the pressure collector, and if |P0| is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold α, then the pressure collector is determined to be faulty. Control the valve assembly to isolate the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, turn on the pressure source, and obtain the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard. The valve assembly is controlled to connect to the liquid suction branch, as well as to the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to provide negative pressure, and the first pressure value P collected by the pressure collector is obtained. v2 If the first pressure value P v2 If the value is less than or equal to the first blockage threshold β, then the suction branch is determined to be completely blocked. If the first blockage threshold β < the first pressure value P v2 If the value is less than or equal to the second blockage threshold θ, then the liquid suction branch is determined to be partially blocked; The valve assembly is controlled to connect to the drain branch, as well as to the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to provide positive pressure, and the second pressure value P collected by the pressure collector is obtained. v8 If the second pressure value P v8 If the value is greater than or equal to the third blockage threshold γ, then the drainage branch is determined to be completely blocked; If the fourth blockage threshold δ < the second pressure value P v8 If the value is less than or equal to the third blockage threshold γ, then the drainage branch is determined to be partially blocked.

9. The self-inspection method for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control of the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, opens the pressure source, and acquires the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard, including: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the negative pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to evacuate to a preset negative pressure value P. S1 And maintain pressure for the first preset time T1; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a first preset time T1 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

10. The self-inspection method for the immunohistochemistry waste liquid system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control of the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, opens the pressure source, and acquires the pressure drop rate of the pressure collector. If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to a preset leakage threshold, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard, including: Controlling the valve assembly isolates the waste liquid system and the detection branch from the atmosphere, and connects the positive pressure end of the pressure source, the pressure collector, and the vacuum tank. The pressure source is controlled to pressurize to a preset positive pressure value P. S2 And maintain pressure for a second preset time T2; The pressure drop rate of the pressure acquisition device within a second preset time T2 is obtained; If the pressure drop rate is greater than or equal to the preset warning value, it is determined that there is a leak in the detection branch; otherwise, it is determined that the airtightness of the detection branch meets the standard.

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